A VIETNAM EXPERIENCE See Editorial Page YI e Lilt~ta~ ~EAaitA MISERABLE high-55 Law-38 Increasing cloudiness, chance of showers Vol. LXXX, No. 37 Ann Arbor, Michigan-Thursday, October 16, 1969 Ten Cents Ten Pages Million protest ietnam 20,000 Classes struck o'n 11 I[j U stadium a ; r al in war protest By STEVE KOPPMAN, JIM NEUBACIIER and TAMMY JACOBS Some twenty thousand people massed at Michigan Stad- ium last night to climax a day of protest against American involvement in Vietnam. Sen. Philip Hart and SDS founder Tom Hayden, a mem- ber of the Chicago 8, addressed the rally, along with U.S. Rep. John Conyers, State Sen. Coleman Young (D-De- troit), State Rep. Roger Craig (R-Flint), and others. Speak- ers urged an immediate withdrawal of American troops from Vietnam along with a complete overhaul of American foreign and domestic policies. A large majority of s dents stayed out of classes yester- 00 Massive rallies stay peaceful From %vire Service Reports One million Americans across the country opposed to the Vietnam war marked Moratorium Day yesterday with de- monstrations that spread from college campuses to city street corners. The demonstrations were generally peaceful, with scat- tered minor incidents of violence reported. With black armbands and anti-war buttons, participants of varying beliefs, militant and moderate, young and old, at- tended rallies, solemn vigils, marches and teach-ins. No official estimate of the total participation w avail- able, but reports from all over showed that perhaps more than one million Americans took an active part. Sm.i Hart On Today's Isiide Pages 1 * The University D is c o u n t Store is found to be in "solid" financial shape at a meeting of high University officials (see Page 3). 0 Graduate students in the political s c i e n c e depart- ment are attempting to or- ganize a union of literary college teaching f e 11 o w-s (see Page 3). Many 'U' schools offered symposiums and lectures as part of their participation in yesterday's moratorium activities (see Pages 6 and 7). . About 30 members of the Women's Liberation peace- fully picket the second floor office of the selective serv- ice office (see Page 10). day in observance of the na- tional moratorium. Schools varied widely in the de- gree to which students observed the protest. In the literary college, and the social work, education and music schools most classes were nearly deserted. In the natural resources, engin- eering, and business administra- tion schools, att'endance was nearly normal, although many classes discussed the war. President Robben Fleming call- ed the campus moratorium activi- ties "sound and constructive" last night, and said the events of the day had stimulated him to take further action. "I will do something, I'm not sure what as yet." he said. Fleming has said in the past he would go to Washington to express the feelings of the University community if he felt there was a common view to represent. "If, there are some general pro- positions we agree on, I'll do my best to represent them," he said yesterday. "I don't have any illusion about my ability to have an impact on events in Washington," he said, but added thath e felt it important to try to contact representatives and senators who should know the feelings of the community. Fleming said last night he would wait to talk to advisers before de- ciding on any course of action. "I was not able, myself, to see everything yesterday. I want to get a good assessment of things first. " He said he would likely an- nounce a decision on his future actions next week. Fleming stressed throughout the day he was acting in a personal capacity, and not as an official of the University. "This moratorium is a matter of individual conscience," Fleming said to a team of newsmen from CBS television who asked about the University's "stand" on the moratorium. At last night's rally, Hart de- clared "those who feel we aret doing a disservice to our country' will eventually come to acknowl- dge this is where they should have been'' See STUDENTS, Page 10 Daily -Jay Cassidy liy'le (1addresss st( i ( lly Some Americans opposed to the moratorium held counter-demon- strations, contending the anti- war protesters were acting against the national interest. Flag rais- ings, picket-lines, and burning headlights showed displeasure with the moratorium, which one southern mayor said was "giving aid and comfort to the enemy." In Boston, a crowd police esti- mated at more than 90,000 jam- med the city's Commons for a series of speeches. Sen. George McGovern. D-S. Dak.), told the cheering crowd "the most urgent and resoonsible act of American citizenship in 1969 is to bring all possible pres- sure on the administration to or- der our troops out of Vietnam now." Nearby. addressing the W o r 1 d Affairs Council, Sen. Edward Kennedy rD-Mass.) declared the United States should announce "an irrevocable decision" to with- draw all ground combat troops from Vietnam within one year, and other forces by the end of 1972. In the nation's capital, a number of demonstrations took place throughout the day, topped by a candle light march to the White House. More than 3,000 persons, most- ly young, staged a mass demon- stration in front of the National Selective Service headquarters. Sitting in the street, they blocked traffic. Police stationed at inter- sections and along the sidewalks helped marshals keep order. Violence did break out, h o w - ever. when a group of young black militants at an afternoon r al ly near the White House attempted to break into the White H o u s e grounds. Police armed with clubs made a number of arrests and cleared the demonstrators out of the area,, sealing off a block in front of the capitol. The Washington demonstrators saved the best for last as 30,000 hushed, attentive persons huddled on the damp, cold slope of t h e Washington Monument grounds See MILLION, Page 10 Wirtz, By NADINE COHODAM. and DAVE CHUDWIN Former secretary of labor Wil- lard Wirtz. education school Dean Wilbur Cohen, former chairman of the Council of Economic Ad- visors Gardner Ackley, and pro- fessors speaking on chemical bio- logical warfare highlighted yes- terday's moratorium symposiums. "Not once in the five years of the Vietnam war had the govern- ment's policy been discussed in, the cabinet as a whole or among its domestic members," said Wirtz at the law school. Wirtz said he does not "know by name the devils in the gov- ernment, labor, or industry direct- ly responsible for the Vietnam policy." but the blame "cannot Ackley, Cohen speak protcs er WASHINGTONi.' Pursuing a studied business-as-usual course, President Nixon concenmrated yes- terday on Latin America and econ- omic problems taking no public notice of nationwide anti-,ar demonstrations. Although the White Hous pre- viously went out of its ay io try to soften stop-he-war senti- mnent by claiming noticable pro- gress for Nixon policies the Southeast Asian conflict llayed no part in Nixon' announced ac- tivities yesterday. The President, it seemed evi- dent, had decided in advance to sit out the day without anything that could be interpreted as mora- torium-related. However, the demonstrators did not ignore Nixon. Starting in late morning, dozens of pickets of varied persuasions-- including "win the war" advocates -began parading in front of the ,White House. Press secretary Ronald L. Zieg- ler said Nixon kept informed about the national protest movement throughout the day through news reports and "normal staff discus- sions." Gen. Creigton W. Abramns. com- mander of American Forces in Vietnam, said he did not expect, the antiwar moratorium to ma