RIOTS: NO SOLUTION
FOR BIGOTRY
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Seventy-Six Years of Editorial Freedom
VOL. LXXVII, No. 58S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, AUGUST 1, 1967 SEVEN CENTS
FOUR PAGES
Flint
By BETSY TURNER
After a history of controversy,
the Flint Campus of the Uni-
versity is about to complete a
massive epansion program which
will double its size. This fall, the
branch will have twice the pre-
vious number of classrooms and
will be able to accommodate up
to 2000 students.
The C. S. Motts building - the
only official Flint campus struc-
ure-has been expanded to twice
ts original size. One thousand
tudents, at all four undergradu-
te levels, have alre'ady been ad-
itted for the fall term.
Dispute over expansion at Flint
tes back to 1965 when the Uni-
versity laid its plans for enlarg-
ing the Flint curriculum to in-
clude courses on the freshman and
sophomore level. These plans were
made before the budget appropri-
ations for that year were set by
the governor. When the budget
Campus: Growth, Innovation Stills
Cri tics
was finally presented, the Uni-
versity had been allotted consid-
erably less than it had request-
ed. This reduction in allocations
apparently was made to prevent
the expansion at Flint.
Romney, commenting at that
time, said, "the four year plan
should wait until overall policy
for state education is developed.
This must be studied by the Blue
Ribbon Citizen's Committee and
the State Board of Education be-
fore such alterations are made."
But, because freshmen had
had been admitted for the fall of
1965 to the new program before
the budget dispute arose the Leg-
islature decided to grant the Uni-
versity's request. The allocation
was passed with the stipulation
that research begin concerning
the possibility of making the Flint
Campus a four year autonomous
institution.
,The opposition quieted after the
controversy, and the issue of au-
tonomy has not been discussed
publicly since, according to Uni-
versity officials.
After two years of operation,
David M. French, dean of the
Flint Campus, commenting on the
success of the four year program,
said, "a large percentage of our
first freshman class - the ones
which entered in 1965-are ex-
pected to return for the junior-
senior program."
In addition to expanding the
number of classrooms, several oth-
er facilities and programs have
been added or enlarged upon this
year.
For the first time this fall
about 50 students-both men and
women-will be housed in two
apartment buildings adjacent to
the campus. The apartment build-
ings have been contracted by the
University but University officials
will act merely as mediating
agents between the students and
the realtor rather than handling
any actual financial transactions.
Prior to this arrangement, no
housing faciliies were available to
the students through the Univer-
sity.
According to Marvin Roberson,
director in charge of student serv-
ices, "the apartments will be su-
pervised somewhat like dormitor-
ies although the students will live
in small groupings. The selection
of students for the housing will
be done on a 'first come, first
serve' basis."
A unique academic program,
also to begin this fall, involves
a semester in residence at the
Merrill-Palmer Institute, a child
psychology research foundation in
Detroit. Junior and seniors pur-
suing courses of study in psychol-
ogy, sociology and education are
eligible.
At Flint, a semester plan with'
a regular summer school is fol-
lowed rather than the trimester
system of the University. During
the regular school year, courses
are offered in liberal arts, busi-
nes administration, theatre arts,
and secondary and elementary
education.
In addition to regular classroom
programs, several special projects
are available: One rather unique
program, included as part of the
education department, is the "co-
operative teacher education pro-
gram" in which work and teach-
ing experience is combined.
The program, initiated in 1961,
was taken over from Central Mich-
igan University and extensively
modified. At present, the program
includes three years of full time
classroom experience either at the
elementary or secondary levels.
The University students are
under full contract with the school
system.
This academic program itself
takes five years to complete, and
students who have finished about
half of their junior year-or 75
hours-are eligible.
"Many schools around the Flint
area are asking for 'teachers in
training.' They feel that when
these students complete the pro-
gram, they are far superior to
regularly trained teachers," com-
mented William R. Davenport,
chairman of the Flint education
department.
The summer school program
has 446 students enrolled this
year. In addition to those at-
tending regular classes at Flint,
several summer study-abroad pro-
grams are offered.
Eight to ten students each year
participating in individual pro-
jects under a faculty adviser, have
studied in such places as England
and Mexico City. The students
receive regular college credits for
their work.
"One coed did a study concern-
ing an Irish poet during her stay
in England and actually went to
Ireland to do some field study,"
commented French.
In all respects, the Flint exten-
sion is viewed as an integral part
of the University. Transfer from
the Flint branch to the Ann Arbor,
campus is the same as a "be-
tween college transfer" rather
than a transfer between two sep-
arate universities.
The process followed by a stu-
dent wishing to transfer is the
same one employed when a
change from the literary college
to the music school is made.
Possible competition with Flint:
Junior College also located in
Flint was one objection raised in
1965. However, as French pointed
out two years later, "the junior
college has a variety of programu
including various technical areas
and nursing. Many of their pro-
grams do not have comparable
counterparts at the Flint branch.
In other four year programs, the
demand has been more than suf-
ficient to fill both schools."
Another accusation made by
the Legislature at that time was
that many of the faculty members
were commuting to Flint from
Ann Arbor. As a result, it was
felt that an inferior grade of in-
struction was being provided
since the best professors could
not afford to leave their work in
order to travel 50 miles twice or
three times a week. However,
Roberson recently commented,
"our faculty at this time resides
almost entirely in Flint. Only oc-
casionally, when demands for a
class exceed our expectation,
does a teacher commute from Ann
Arbor."
COLLEGE OFFICIALS CONFER: LBJ States
California's McKeachie Denies U.S. Can Pay
Validity of Personal Education Cost of Riots
Collegiate Press Service
BERKELEY, Calif. - "The
ideal educational system is not
one in which each student has
individual attention," Wilbert Mc-
Keachie, chairman of the psy-
chology department said recently
at the University of California's
Center for Research and Develop-
ment in higher education.
Mckeachie was talking to 80
college presidents and deans at a
conference on personalizing high-
er education sponsored by the
Western Interstate Commission
for Higher Education (WICHE).
and the University of California's
Center for Research and Develop-
ment in Higher Education.
Smallness Not Answer
S Elimination of large classes
'and colleges, fewer comiputers,
and more contact between teach-
ers and individual students are
often seen as ways of making
higher education more "personal."
But the real solution may be
keeping college programs flexible
enough to allow education to be
tailored to the needs of individual
students. In fact, big classes and
computers may be effective tools
in this process.
"Many students perform better
if professors leave them alone,"
McKeachie said.
Impersonality All Right
Students benefit most from per-
sonal contact with the instructor
if they have low motivation, a
factual orientation, a high level
of sociability, and a high need
for affiliation, McKeachie added.
Ian Thompson, a WICHE staff
member just out of school, said, phasized a flexible educational
"students' awareness has been ex- system and cooperation among
tended to a global area by the students, faculty, and adminis-
electronic era and that many of trators, as keys to personalizing
them do not worry about the im- higher education.
personality caused by the size of A college must be willing to try
a college." new ideas, like breaking a univer-
"Computers can be used to re- sity up into small cluster colleges
duce drudgery, speed up sched-
uling, instruct students, review
and monitor records, and solve
problems beyond human capa-
city," John Caffrey, director of
the Commission on Administra-
tion 6f the American Council on
Education said.
Conference participants em-
and modernizing the curriculumI
to deal with current problems.
McKeachie put it this way:
"Giving students a wide choice
between types of structures (per-
sonal vs. authoritarian; lecturej
vs. discussion classes) may be the7
only' way to really personalize
education in large institutions."
Lack of Funds Delays,
'Filling Endowed Chairs
By DAVID KNOKE
No candidates have been seri-
ously screened for the two en-
dowed chairs created by donations
to the University's $55 million
fund drive and one chair requires
additional donations for full im-
plementation.
In November, 1966, University
President Harlan Hatcher an-
nounced the acceptance of a
$200,000 pledge from Lawrence
Rockefeller, chairman of Rocke-
feller Brothers, Inc. and long-
time admirer of Samuel Trask
Dana, retired dean of the natural
resourecs school. The pledge was
designated for establishment of
an endowed professorship in out-
door recreation in the school of
natural resources.
An additional $250,000 must be
raised for the outdoor recreation
chair before Dec. 31, 1968, when
Rockefeller's pledge expires. When
the remaining funds are raised
the selection process for a pro-
fessor of outdoor recreation will
begin. The gifts will establish the
"Samuel Trask Dana Chair in
Outdoor Recreation," named after
the retired dean of the natural
resources school.
A fund raising campaign aimed
at School of Forestry and Conser-
vation and the present School of
Natural Resources alumni has all
ready brought in $50,000.
At their May meeting this year,
the Regents accepted a $500,000
donation from Regent Alvin Bent-
ley (R-Owosso) to fully establish
an endowed chair in the history
department. Called the "A.M. and
H.P. Bentley Chair in History,"
it is the only fully endowed chair
yet established by a single donor
in the $55 program.
The Dana chair is intended, ac-
cording to a brochure prepared
by the School of Natural Re-
sources:
Hints Tax Increase;
Will Meet City Crisis
Despite Vietnam War
WASHINGTON AP) -- President
Johnson said yesterday "I have no
doubt for a moment that our
country will be able, to do what-
ever is necessary" to meet the na-
tional riot crisis, regardless of
what the war in Vietnam costs.
There was a hint that perhaps
he might have higher taxes in
mind.
The riot problem was a top
topic at a news conference which
Johnson opened by announcing he
had tapped Washington attorney
David. Ginsburg to be executive
director of the new presidential
commission on cevil disorders.
Romney'sCriticism
The news session took place be-!
fore Gov. George Romney of
Michigan held; one of his own ini
Detroit.
Johnson was asked for his
thoughts about what a reporter
called Romney's increasing critic-
ism over the weekend of the way
the administration handled the
dispatch of federal troops to De-!
troit.
"I don't think anything is to be
gained," Johnson replied, "by try-
ing to justify or explain."
Commission
He said he thinks the civil dis-
orders commission would be ablej
to shed light on "all of the things
that entered into the problems in
Detroit."
Johnson said he was called upon
to make two basic decisions. The'
first was to direct that federal
troops be sent into the Detroit
area to stand by for riot duty. The
second was to sign a proclamation
and executive order providing the
legal basis for actually sending
them into the riot zone.
He said the second step was'
taken on the unanimous recom-I
mendation of his man on the
scene, Cyrus Vance, former deputy
secretary of defense, and other
federal, state and local author-
ities.
At a news briefing after Rom-
-Associated Press
PHILADELPHIA JOBMOBILE
"Give us jobs and you can keep the city," a longshoreman, jobless for two years, summed up his
feelings yesterday when he walked up to the city's "jobmobile"-a $4.9 million crash program to
provide jobs for persons from predominantly Negro areas. The goal is to provide 500 immediate
city jobs in hopes of cooling off racial tensions.
RIOT AFTERMATH:
Political,IntellectualootLaders
LokfrWytfepLdO
Romney Hits
Johnson for
Troop Delay
Charges President
'Played Politics' in
'Period of Tragedy'
By The Associated Press
DETROIT-"I think the Presi-
dent of the United States played
politics in a period of tragedy
and riot," Gov. George Romney
asserted yesterday in criticizing
the delay in commitment of fed-
eral troops to control of Detroit's
racial violence last week.
Romney, an unannounced can-
didate for the Republican nomi-
nation for president in 1968, also
told a news conference in effect
that delayed commitment contrib-
uted toward the toll of at least 41
killed and property and related
damages of an estimated $500 mil-
lion.
The governor measured his words
carefully in the news conference
that followed a speech before the'
National Association of Counties.
Appearances Cancelled
U.S. Atty. Gen. Ramsey Clark,
who also was criticized by Rom-
ney, calcelled ascheduled appear-
ance before the association on
Wednesday. Vice-President Hubert
H. Humphrey is to speak Wednes-
day night.
Romney also accused President
Johnson of "a complete and ab-
solute distortion" in a televised
announcement of the dispatch of
federal troops last Monday night.
In Washington, Rep. Gerald R.
Ford of Michigan, House Repub-
lican -leader, said he agrees with
Romney "that President Johnson
either made a mistake in Judg-
ment or deliberately delayed"
sending federal troops in.
Troops Too Late
There is reason to believe lives
could have been saved if the troops
had gone in earlier, Ford said
in a statement.
Romney told Relman Morin, As-
sociated Press special correpond-
ent, in an exclusive interview Sun-
day night that "we were pleading
for federal troops as fast as we
could get them" during the early
hours of the Detroit riots.
Grimly, Romney told Morin
that nearly 24 hours elapsed be-
tween the time he first asked
Washington for help and the mo-
ment federal troops were commit-
ted to riot zones. At that time,
however, he refused to draw any
conclusions, saying he would com-
ment specially later on.
Political Implications
Of the political implications in-
volved in committing federal
troops, Romney reported he told
Cyrus Vance, President Johnson's
representative in Detroit, and De-
puty Atty. Gen. Warren Christo-
pher between 9:30 and 9:45 p.M.
Monday:
"Nobody realized better than I
did that my requesting the troops
might be a factor in the reluc-
tance to commit them, but that I
was running the major risk in re-
questing troops, that I wanted
them regardless of the consequen-
ces to me personally - that we
needed those troops."
After that, Romney said he was
called aside and Christopher ask-
ed if he were ready "to certify
that you have an insurrection
that's out of control."
Anti-Riot Raid
NEWS WIRE
By JILL CRABTREE
First of a Series
Weeks of street rioting in such
diverse locations as Newark,
Chicago, Milwaukee, Detroit, Phil-
adelphia and Portland have
prompted political and intellec-
tual leaders to search for new
answers to the old problems of
race relations in the cities.
The short-run goal of these
probes, crystalizing now on Capi-
tol Hill as well as on campuses
throughout the nation, is now to
"keep the lid on" for the rest of
what seems to be the much-pre-
dicted "long, hot summer." Long-
range goals focus on solutions to
the problems of the urban Negro
out such direct attention, things
will get much worse.
Howard Schuman, director of
the University's Detroit Area
Study, in a recent statemint on
the possible causes and effects of
the Detroit riots, said he feels the
reason for the violence was not
local but part of a nationwide
problem. "What happened in De-
troit should not be blamed on the
mayor, the governor, or any state
or local official," he said.
President Blamed
Schuman said any focusing of
responsibility for the riots should
be on the President and especially
on Congress. "I think it is time,"
he said, "for the President to, go
hafnrc~~ ~~ Onaocral te hiCn.
Late World News
By The Associated Press
MIWAUKEE, Wis. - Milwaukee police squads swarmed
through the riot torn Negro district on the city's near north side
Monday night on a sporadic sniper hunt as National Guardsmen
kept the streets cleared of crowds and the city sealed to traffic.
Officers called for an armored truck borrowed from Brinks
and manned by police to help shoot out one sniper after one man
reportedly was wounded. A few blocks away, another sniper kept
firemen away from a blaze that authorities said might have been
started by a fire bomb. (See related story p. 3)
A ONE-MAN SHOW of paintings by artist Barry Thalden is
now being presented at the Michigan Union. The show will con-
tinue through August 4 in the main lounge. Thalden, currently
doing post-graduate work in landscape architecture at the Uni-
versity, has shown primarily in Chicago galleries; as' well as
having numerous one-man shows in Michigan and other Il-
linois cities.
INTER-FRATERNITY COUNCIL and Panhellenic Presi-
dent's Council announced yesterday that their fall concert will
be. held Sept. 22 with Peter Nero.
A SCHOLARSHIP FUND has been established at the law
school to honor the late Detroit attorney William S. Frank. The
fund, set up by a group of Frank's friends in Detroit, will be
used to assist students needing financial help to begin, continue
or complete their law school education. The University announced
-"To develop a critical mass of ney's broadside,Johnson's press ghetto. oetore congresUaieuinu
academic and research talent cap- secretary, George Christian, said Interviews with sociologists, tionwide urban crisis as the major
able of attracting outstanding stu- "I just refer you to the record" historians, psychologists a n d national problem of the United
dents and increasing cooperative when he encountered a barrage of others have prompted demands States today, and call for major
participation from other depart- questions. He added Johnson also for immediate national commit- employment, educational, and so-
ments of the University; is standing on the record. ment, and predictions that with- cial programs."
-"To attract to Ann Arbor
outdoor recreation research groups "
and special outdoor research and a1Vn2hmI1T)1PU
training in recreation activities,
and
-"ocreate a strong and di- r
verse staff for consultation and Sometlin Different' About 'U'
research for both government
agencies and private industry."
The School of Natural Resourc- By LUCY KENNEDY attempt to make students more the administration how do you
es, which currently ha s en- "The University is a big factory motivated to deal with the prob- get to talk with us?"
ulum forest recreation, has en- and you are the raw material for lems of the world and better pre- The SGC speaker also tells stu-
Rcration to locae its regioa that factory which caters to gov- pared to solve them. dents that by refusing to obey
Recreation to locate its regional enent and big business," a Stu- Several prominent alumni-Ar- rules not made by students, stu-
office in Ann Arbor and has en-e o ent ent Cunclspaker,-thur Miller says, "The University dents can force the living units
couraged the Forest Service to dent Government Council spekr gave me the courage tor speak to let them make their own rules.
establish an outdoor recreation re- usually SGC President Bruce gv etecuaet pa oltte aeteronrls
sesarch pro ectrintheatl re- yKahn,'68, tells next year's fresh- out,"-are shown fighting it out Freshmen seem most affected
search project in the natural re-m class in an SGC speech that in the trouble spots of the world by this part of the speech, com-
sources school. man class with the background of a Uni- menting, "I don't understand why
The professorship in outdoor is part of their orientation pro- versity degree. the body (Joint Judiciary Coun-
recreation will be concerned with gram.I Bookstore Incident ci)efrngulshode-
much more than activities such "We're going to tell you," the The SOC speaker tells fresh- courage breaking them," or else,
as camping, picnicking, hunting SGC speaker says, "something dif- men "the businessmen of Ann "I'mall for u e"
and fishing. Elements to be stud- ferent than the rest of tonight'sat Arbor proved a more powerful "Ho m po nds GC
irbo inphiiv d amhrtip ohwefl wn- " wnrcramo." mwer does SGC
"I don't think that Detroit-
or for that matter, other cities-
can do very muchbon its own. It
is a national problem calling for
national action, and for major
programs and appropriations. The
alternative is a wholesale applica-
tion of force."
No Riot Control
Schuman notes that no at-
tempts to control rioting in any
of the affected cities have been
"really successful. The only
sure way of keeping the looting
from spreading is if a city is will-
ing to kill lots of people for
doing relatively minor things."
He emphasizes that such a solu-
tion would be a tragic one, "but
Iin some ways an easier direction
for the country to go. Its costs are
less for comfortable whites."
Collective Excitement
University of Minnesota sociol-
ogist Arnold M. Rose feels that
the cause of riots such as the one
in Detroit isr"a long history of
dissatisfaction" coupled w i t h
what we will call collective excite-
ment."
"People just get excited when
something starts, and they join
Iin, no through any deep feeling of
personal involvement with what's
happening but because they get
swept up," Rose said.
Transform Tragedy
James Farmer, former national
chairman of the Congress of Rac-
ial Equality (CORE) has called
the rioting a "violent rebellion,"
but he emphasises that it is a
"mark of maturity of any society
to transform tragedy into a crea-
tive, growing experience."
Taking top priority in the solu-
tions Farmer specifically suggests
are a sweeping economic develop-
ment program for the ghettos; a
massive educational program to