iT11 Skliijan &zill Seventy-Sixth Year EDIrrED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNNESrrY OF MICHIGAN _- UNDER AUTHORrrY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS ere -pin1 nsAi'S 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MICH. NEWS PHONE: 764-0552 1-I ..._ a _, - .r ---- the crystal palace Reformers Could Be ~Urban Guerrillas' x I.'ASJarials Pirinted *.The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staf writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. DAY, JUNE 27, 1967 NIGHT EDITOR: DAVID KNOKE Michigan's Fiscal Crisis. Stumbling Block for Romney 'FISCAL REFORM should fail in the coming days, Gov. George Romney can- t escape a large share of the responsi- ity. This, despite recent attempts to ,sh his hands of the whole fiscal mess proclaiming the budget will still bal- ce. Romney has a penchant for the obvious. e budget will balance, but state agen- s will be operating on such restricted propriations that they will not be able maintain even their present level of -vices. Not only higher education will ffer; vital public and mental health vices and welfare support benefits will drastically curtailed. While Romney has galavanted around e nation in holy search of the 1968 )P convention Grail, House Republican eaker Robert Waldron has stubbornly ick to the hope that he could pass fis- t reform without making necessary mnpromises to the Democratic minority, ping for a more equitable measure. OMNEY SEES the defeat of a state income tax as strictly a fiscal dilem- L, rather than one of providing neces- ry state services. In his usual self-right- us manner, he proclaims he will veto y appropriations bills which will not ow him to balance the budget. Romney further claims the present ecarlous situation is drastically differ- t from the 1958 "payless paydays" of "mer Gov. G. Mennen Williams, who :ned appropriations bills which exceed- the state's revenues hoping to force arch-conservative Republican Legis- lature into passing increased taxes. The trick backfired and the Legislature, hop- ing to quash Williams' presidential am- bitions, balked. State employes were paid in script and only the advance payment of taxes by a number of Michigan cor- porations saved the state from economic collapse. This year the state will not be over- drawn, but the curtailment of necessary services will be just as severe. State em- ployes will be paid this year, but their numbers will, in all probability, be dras- tically reduced. Michigan, under the mod- erate Romney, will experience a more se- vere austerity budget than California is suffering under the conservative Reagan. ROMNEY CAN TRY to wash his hands of the whole matter, blaming an in- transigent Democratic majority who have refused to lend their support to an in- come tax plan which is equally regressive as the Michigan four per cent sales tax. He can smile proudly and say he has achieved a balanced budget. But when tuition increases are enacted at state uni- versities, and when welfare payments are held back and doctors leave state mental institutions, Romney cannot escape blame. Both houses of the Legislature are Republican and there are a large number of Democratic legislators who were committed to voting for almost any type of income tax, excepting the present plan. As Williams' presidential ambitions were ended abruptly by the state's fiscal prob- lems, so may George Romney's. -MARK LEV N " .x' :: . N 'i N _, , Y. . ' i f . t l1 Y[ p " i l Xf f h'. 1 r *t t- "Where were you Russians "Where were you Russians two weeks ago ? two weeks ago ?" Letters to the Editor GOP Conservatism Revival: Shades of '64? IT COULD VERY WELL BE that the spectre of conservatism which many Republicans thought they threw off after the 1964 debacle, is still with them..This time it assumes the form of Richard M. Nixon and Ronald Reagan, a dark horse whose color gets lighter each passing week.. The results of New York's June 20th primary is but one of several signs that points to a resurgence of conservatism. For example, in the Bronx, liberal Re- publican forces led by Mayor Lindsay hoped to gain control of party machinery, but the conservatives rallied to the call of party boss Paul Fino and elected five out of seven district chairmen. The two races they failed to carry were lost be- cause of technicalities which forced their candidates' names off the ballot. Election to a party's district chairman- ship may not be significant in itself, but it must be remembered that in 1964 the Goldwater forces carried the convention because they held the loyalties of a suffi- cient number of county and district chair- men, who controlled the appointments of convention delegates. IN THE PAST, the New York Republican party has been one of the mainstays of moderate-liberalism within the na- tional Republican party, producing such figures as Governor Nelson Rockefeller, Senators Jacob Javits and Kenneth Keat- ing, and Mayor John V. Lindsay. New York Republicans have found that a mix- ture of fiscal progressivism mixed with pragmatic liberalism is the formula neces- sary for political victory in that urbaniz- ed, predominantly metropolitan state. However, this formula is about to be discarded by many of the Republican. professional politicians in New York. Sen- ator Jacob Javits, probably the most lib- eral Senate Republican since Wayne Morse switched parties, has been falling out of favor with the conservative ele- ment of his state party, even though his popularity among the populace of New. York is at an all-time high. It has been rumored that if William F. Buckley, Jr.'s. name is mentioned for the Republican * mhAT~tt isx mmbe e te ss. a ted . ress and nominee for Javits' seat, he will gain the support of a sizable number of district chairmen. Needless to say, neither will these chairmen proclaim theiI loyalty, no less their support, to Governor Rockefeller or anyone else whom he supports, such as Governor Romney.. Rather, they would probably find them- selves more in line with one of New York's newest residents-Richard Nixon. EVER SINCE he moved to his new cam- paign headquarters-a white marble building on Pennsylvania Avenue near the White House-Nixon has emerged as the favorite to head the Republican tick- et. Recent Gallup polls show him far ahead of Governor Romney, leading by 43 per cent to 29 per cent in a multi-can- didate preferential poll for President. Furthermore, now that the conserva- tive wing of the party has become firmly entrenched, it is unlikely that the Repub- licans will go with anyone more liberal than Romney, such as Charles Percy. Thus the '68 election seems to offer lib- erals the same lack of alternatives as in '64: a choice between the lesser of :two evils. In fact the growing dissention over the President's Vietnam policy is causing many Democrats to sit on the sidelines, and let others run the show. The recent boycott of the President's fund raising speech in Los Angeles by Democrats is evidence of such dissention. As Arthur Slesinger said, there is a lib- eral revolution in America approximately every 10 years. But it certainly isn't going to be in '68. -RON KLEMPNER Bomrbing Cost RELATIVE to this picture of the frus- trations which occur in trying to bomb a non-industrialized society and a guer- rilla force into submission are new dis- closures in the same House hearings on plane losses. These show a loss of 2,083 planes in Southeast Asia from January 1961 through June 30 of this year (the last five months being an estimate). Of these 1,411 were fixed wing planes and 672 helicopters. In dollar terms these losses probably represent close to $2 billion. Re- English Composition ~ I wish to acknowledge that I have gladly accepted Mr. LeRoy A. Hickel's courageous and honest apology, printed in this column, hastening to assure him that I in no way thought it necessary. His first letter was clearly a forth- right expression of disappoint- ment and frustration with two English classes that seem to have been. much poorer than any of us wants. I hope my colleagues and I can manage to look a little bet- ter in the future. -Sheridan Baker Professor of English Communist Threat In re Mrs. Cook's letter (June 21): Some of you people don't make any sense. You are willing to call the U.S. the aggressor, when it is the "Communists" who are the ones that are taking and have taken over countries by force. "They" have Cuba, Laos, Rhode Island, Arizona and now they are trying for Vietnam... We cannot help it if Vietnam is too backward and helpless to fight its own wars and settle its own differences. Haven't you ever heard of the White Man's Burden? In case most of you have for- gotten, we offered Vietnam assist- ance when this whole thing start- ed. Now if Saigon did not want our assistance, we would not have gone ahead and said "Well, buddy, you've got it anyway" (the U.S. would never, ever do that!D, but the fact is that "they" said that "they" wanted it! . . With the number of school houses, napalm, craters and other material things that we have given Vietnam, all the people over there do not hate us! One person cannot speak for the whole country (unless he rep- resents the Ky regime and says things we like). Sure a group of people feel "that way" about us over there, but you won't hear the people of the villages (dead men tell no tales) who are getting medical attention, supplies, edu- cation, new schools, venereal di- sease and other fun things that war brings complain about us over there (over there, over there, ta ta taa, ta ta taa, over there) . . CHINA IS the world's number one enemy--not the U.S. Look at all the wars China is fighting around thesworld, look at the 30Q,000 Chinese troops poised on the Mexican - American border. (There's even minced Communism in many liverwurst sandwiches). If the U.S. would stop helping every little country that comes whimpering to our door asking for help, we could spend all that money that we are now spending on the war, to better our home difficulties. So let's all support the war in Vietnam. I cannot write any more letters to The Daily, my doctor has told me to stay away from things that upset me (reason, logic, etc.-I'm probably "draft free"). But I will read the editorials once in a while to keep reminding myself that I am an American and I am proud; and alive . . . for the time being. -Travis Charbeneau, Grad A 's Calse The case of Cassius Clay, or Mohammed Ali, as he prefers to be called, will be carried to upper courts; but it is strange to observe the lack of interest in most liberals dedicated to the principles of civil liberties. Perhaps it is as- sumed that he is financially well- heeled or that he is an ignorant clown who deserves a fate no worse than is ordinarily meeted out in our halls of justice. Conscientious objection to Se- lective Service is automatically granted to Quakers and Jehovah's Witnesses at this point, and the same automatic exemption should be granted to the Black Muslim All letters must be typed, double-spaced and should be no longer than 300 words. All let- ters are subject to editing; those over 300 words will gen- erally be shortened. No unsign- ed letters will be printed. Sect, who are, by their tenets of faith, opposed to national wars. I can only say that the failure of the draft boards around the country to do so lends color to allegations that this country has a racist bias. -Edward Weber Trade Bill Senate Leader Mike Mansfield has announced that the so-called "East-West Trade" bill is not like- ly to come before Congress. It is now clear that the export-import bill is the Communist-aid proposal of the year. What we need is an amendment to forbid the use of the Export- Import Bank to finance Red trade. The bank wants to put the U.S. taxpayer's credit on the line to pay off loans to the Soviet bloc when and if the Reds decide niot to pay. In effect, the Ex-Im Bank wants to deliver machinery and equipment to build the Soviet bloc's war-making industry, and then, sometime in the future, cough up the taxes to reimburse the bankers (with interest at 5 / per cent) when the payments come due. The fact is, that no commercial bank will extend credit to the Soviets unless payment is guaran- teed by the U.S. Treasury, backed by the taxpayer. This was brought out very clearly in the hearings held by Congress on the big Red wheat deal of 1963. One banker testified that "because of the risk of the Soviets not paying their bills," U.S. bank examiners required banks to carry such loans on their books as "zero" value. I FEEL that our government should be opposed to aid of any kind to enemy nations who are supplying the Viet Cong with weapons. I am very much opposed to the use of our tax dollars by the Export-Import Bank to guar- antee loans to Communist nations. I feel that all patriotic citizens should write a letter to each of their two senators and their con- gressman urging them to insist on an amendment to the Export- Import Bank Bill to forbid the bank guaranteeing such loans. -Donald E. Van Curler By DAVID KNOKE Liberal hackles have been rising ever since Students for a Den- ocratic Society national secretary Greg Calvert was quoted by The New York Times as saying, "We are working to build a guerrilla force in an urban environment. We are organizing sedition." The Times interpreted the state- ment to mean that SDS and the rest of the humanitarian New Left was turning towards "A New Mood of Violence." The liberal news- paper went so far as implicate the student groups by printing next to the article a story of the National Rifle Association calling for an elimination of gun-control legis- lation. On its surface, the claim that a minority could effectively hold city blocks against the national guard and police is absurd. The objec- tives that such a force could at- tain-assuming that the sympa- thies of the populace were on their side to begin with-would be too miniscule and too temporary to be worth the effort of armed insur- rection. When then does the phrase "ur- ban guerrillas," which is not pre- faced by the word "armed," mean beyond the liberal press scarecrow that it has become? A MORE thorough-going anal- ysis of the structure and operation of real guerrilla movements than the popular press has been willing to accord reveals some startling similarities between the tactics employed by agrarian revolution- aries in foreign countries and the tactics in community organization and draft resistance that are emerging in this country. In the wake of numerous "We Won't Go" clubs that have sprung up across the country to oppose the war, feedback has been drift- ing into the D~aft Resistance Clearinghouse in Madison, Wis- consin about sustaining the energy and enthusiasm of the movement after the initial appeal has worn off. One of the proposals printed in the Clearinghouse's memo calls for sustaining the resistance by "creating viable alternatives for those men being threatened, build- ing a strong sense of community among members, and reaching large numbers of men effectively." This proponent is perhaps sway- ed by the memories of the French Resistance of the Second World War. (A form of The Resistance has been reactivated in Europe, by the way; several dozen GIs who have decided to go AWO3L rather than be sent to Vietnam have been aided in going into hiding by war opponents in France and Ger- many.) The writer of the draft resist- ance proposals urges that resist- ance unions follow the structure of guerrilla bands: "The small units are composed of the most dedicated members, full time workers, part time work- ers, etc. These liaison men meet each week to help coordinate ac- tivity and provide interchange of ideas." PEOPLE ARE PULLED into the main organization as they grad- uate from peripheral jobs such as correspondence, typing and so on: "Each small unit should try to be as self sufficient as possible and act as independently as possible, coordinating activities with other units by means of liaison men. Each unit should try to plan and execute one meaningful action each week, whether it be a leaf- letting, picket, obstruction, etc.... "Secrecy, efficiency and effect- iveness must be achieved. This type of structure will allow us to enter into a new dimension from which we may hope to build a true re- sistance movement." Guerrilla tactics as an effective way of organizing counterinstitu- tions with the ultimate aim of revolutionizing and revitalizing American domestic society could be dismissed lightly both by those who have a stake in the preserva- tion of the status quo and those who have been searching for pro- grammatic means of fomenting the revolution. But to so dismiss the idea un- tried is to ignore at one's peril effective nature of these self-con- tained, insular units in shaping forces far larger than themselves. IN "CONTAINMENT and Change," written with Carl Ogles- by, Richard Shaull analyzes fur- ther the revolutionaries' goal in a highly developed society with a strongly entrenched establish- ment. "The strategy and tactics of revolution today should concen- trate on the development of a political equivalent to guerrilla warfare," he asserts. Again the emphasis is upon what 'the tight, coherent organi- zation can do for the morale of the revolutionaries, e s p e c i a 11 y those dedicated to changing the institutions of a highly organized society, a task that amounts to almost a lifetime prospect. Radicals in the technocratic, urbanized society have three ma- jor problems facing them today, according to Shaull. The first is the efficacy of working for reform within the system as opposed to working outside the institutions with massive inertia. Second, the problem of involv- ing participation of the masses in the revolutionary process has plagued revolutions of whatever stripe. Lastly the fierce opposition aroused in the establishment forces by reformers leads to a potential for conflict resulting ef, fective suppression of the subver- sive elements. A revolutionary movement aim- ed at correcting social and politi- cal injustices and the social in- stitutions that lead to their de- velopment and sustenance would profit from organizing along the model of a decentralized but co- ordinate guerrilla force. SHAULL FURTHER contends: "In this perspective, the impor- tant thing is not whether the group is working for radical change inside or outside the structure, but whether or not it has its own self-identity and base of operation, a clear definition of its goals and a relevant plan of action.. . "A political strategy that de- pends on small guerrilla units cannot succeed unless it is au- thentically related to the masses and supported by them; yet it need not have illusions about their reliability nor demand more of them than they ,are prepared to give. "By providing an instrument for the effective use of limited con- flict, it might make it possible to avoid an ideology of total con- flict, and thus save us from the sort of social disintegration or total resistance to change on the part of the established order which delays the achievement of the goals of revolution." Modelling counter - institutions and counter - movements on the plan of flexible, co-ordinate, lo- cally autonomous units has all the advantages that Shaull cites. The problem remains of actually or- ganizing such groups on a mean- ingful basis to do community or- ganization, labor and white-collar union building, draft resistance, educational counter-institutes and viable alternatives to a foreign policy based on control of political and economic systems. Hopefully, SDS, the draft resistance unions, the new politics groups and the community builders will not let the liberal scarecrows frighten them from the task. * * * LATEST DEVELOPMENT in the CIA wrangle: The National Student Association, which had acted as a secret recipient of CIA monies for 15 years before sever- ing ties, disclosed last week that the Kaplan Fund, which acted as a conduit, is now trying to break the rent-free lease on their Wash- ington headquarters which has another 13 years to run. * 4$ Is U.S. Intervention Accidental? There are many good Ameri- cans who believe that the U.S. military intrevention in Vietnam is quite accidental, though re- grettable. These people believe that had the U.S. State and De- fense Departments known about the complications of the American commitment in Vietnam, they would have never have allowed U.S. marines to land in Vietnam. But this belief is simply contrary of the U.S. history, especially U.S. Marine history. In a book entitled "Small Wars Manual" published by the U.S. Marine Corps in 1940, one can read the following: "Small wars are operations undertaken under executive au- thority, wherein military force is combined with diplomatic pres- sure in the internal or external affairs of another state whose who personally gives instruc- tions without action of the Con- gress. "The history of the United States shows that in spite of the varying trend of the foreign policy of succeeding adminis- trations, this government has interposed or intervened in the affairs of other states with re- markable regularity, and it may be anticipated that the same general procedure will be fol- lowed in the future. "During about 85 years of the last 100 years, the Marine Corps has been engaged in small wars in different parts of the world. The Marine Corps has landed troops 180 times in 37 countries from 1800 to 1934. Every year during the past 36 years since the Spanish-American War, the will have thorough knowledge of the trails, the country, and the inhabitants and he will have the inherent abiilty to with- stand all the natural obstacles, such as climate and disease, to a greater extent than the white man. All these natural advant- ages, combining primitive cun- ning and modern armament, will weigh heavily in the bal- ance against the advantages of the Marine forces in organiza- tion, equipment, intelligence and discipline. "Small wars are conceived in uncertainty, are conducted often with precarious responsibility and doubtful authority under orders lacking specific instruc- tions." IN READING these lines, one .1 u~t x m u ~ ~~c~ w