h1w 31 4t Dan Baily .Seventy-Sixth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OFTHE UNNERSrrY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Oinins re l 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MICH. x .,T .",,,,",... "t: . ,,- . NEws PHONE: ,764-0552 ...._._ Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. rf' '", s2 -ROGER RAPOPORT Greenwood: Capital Of the Confederacy A FRIDAY, MAY 26, 1967 NIGHT EDITOR: JENNIFER RHEA A / _ u * '54 Dismissals: The Melody Lingers On THE 1954 DISMISSALS of two profes- sors for their unwillingness to dis- cuss their political beliefs before the House Un-American Activities Commit- tee (HUAC) became a focal point of cam- pus tension in the '50's and has been bit- terly spoken of since. The issue was academic freedom and the infamous HUAC affair last fall indi- cates that times haven't changed much- or that the University administration hasn't changed with the times. H. Chandler Davis, a former member of the University's math department, was one of the two professors fired by Uni- versity President Harlan Hatcher for con- duct unbecoming a member of the aca- demic profession. Davis returned to Ann Arbor last week and contended in an interview that this institution, like most American universities, has not learned the lessons of the McCarthy era. Davis is right. While American univer- sities are quick, almost too quick, to de- fend the principle of academic freedom, they are too often unwilling to practice it. The continued existence of the black list-a list of professors deemed too radi- cal for academia-seems to indicate that the American university is unwilling to risk attack by today's McCarthy's. For example, the University, according to Da- vis, now screens potential staff members to determine whether their political be- liefs and activities will be "acceptable" to the campus and national community. SOCIALISM IS NOT the taboo it once was, but Communism still raises the hairs on many a congressional head. The HUAC subpoenas last fall clearly show that while a professor or student may hold controversial beliefs, they must be fairly respectable controversial beliefs. Radical activity is frowned upon, white- washed liberalism is accepted, albeit un- easily by some. And unfortunately, the University must kow-tow to the national consciousness, for government funds finance many of its activities. And in many cases this con- flicts directly with academic freedom. A universally acceptable definition of academic freedom is almost impossible, but it is generally thought of as simply the freedom to explore and to question. However, groups like HUAC severely lim- it the areas in which one may question and explore. Ideally, the University should protest these limitations. But they don't, despite the bitter protests of faculty members and students. For example, the literary college, the school of education and the Senate Advisory Committee on University Affairs (SACUA) condemned the Uni- versity's compliance with the HUAC sub-- poena. They further recommended that the entire process of decision-making within the University be examined. The LSA resolution implied that the administration had violated the demo- cratic process in its decision to comply with HUAC. SACUA saw the need to create a civil liberties board to protect the rights of a member of the University community in similar situations in the future. SACUA also approved the Knauss report which called for increased stu- dent participation in decision-making. THE ADMINISTRATION'S response to all this has been the creation of a series of committees to study the prob- lems. But then, Hatcher has become ap- pallingly adept at creating committees. Back in 1954 a committee had been established by the faculty Senate to in- vestigate the faculty members summoned to appear before HUAC and then subse- quently dismissed by the University. The committee was formed with Hatcher's concurrence, several months before, when HUAC announced its plans for an inves- tigation. Hatcher had suspended the men within hours after the hearings in which they had refused to cooperate with HUAC. Thus the administration had to have an investigation of the three cases and decide whether the men should be recom- mended for reinstatement or dismissal. Soon after the LSA executive commit- tee and the SACUA committee had rec- ommended reinstatement to Hatcher, the president asked a special advisory com- mittee of the faculty to make its own in- vestigation of the men. And Hatcher through this third committee finally got his recommendation to dismiss Davis. Al- though the committee recommended re- instatement for Prof. Mark Nickerson, of the Medical School, he too was dis- missed by Hatcher anyway. The University has made it quite clear that its committees are not going to an- swer the bitter protests of students and faculty when academic freedom is violat- ed. The University defends these viola- tions as strongly as it defends the princi- ple itself. THE INCIDENTS OF 1954 and 1966 are not isolated occurrences. They are sim- ply glaring examples of the continual ad- ministrative state of mind. The University has not learned a les- son and probably never will until it rec- ognizes that there is a lesson to be learn- ed. American Association of University Professors (AAUP) censures will come and go, but the administration's rigid think- ing remains. - We can only ask what is asked in a song: "When will they ever learn, when will they ever learn?" And it may be up to us to teach them. -PAT O'DONOHUE -E :. ,;1 ° t, s °,' , / L i . ' A ;. .:... ; ; . l f . 'o.. Q t. i ,. : x' ^'' +R. r"'""'--. r = a , =.I ; 1 t. Y ti tT s .p.n' 4 i fQMON (oAiKoNN AN4+LW i'4f " Letters to the Editor GI's and Draft Protests I just thought that I would clue you in on how the guys in Viet- nam feel about the draft-card burning college students. I met- this guy through "Mail Call Viet- nam" and as far as I am con- cerned that is a man. He was 19 when he joined the Marines and 20 when he was sent to Vietnam. (He will be 21 in less than a month.) He is scared (who wouldn't be?) but his letters are sad and very depressed. He says nothing makes the guys feel worse than to hear about flag burnings ("Just let one of those slobs burn our flag in front of one of us, and brother, their lousy life won't be worth two cents!") draft-card burnings ("It just doesn't seem right that those students can get off scot-free, five years in jail would be heavem compared to over here") and other un-Amer- ican activities. He says that it's not right for us to be over there and it's not wrong, let's just get the job done so they can go home. I got a letter from him yester- day, his buddy was killed in a surprise attack. He is supposed to be discharged in November and we are both praying that he makes it. OH HOW YOU Gods make those poor mortals feel that life is worth living, how you make them feel that they have support and that they're not alone. I hope you learn soon that self-centerness is not the way to make our country great. If you don't like our coun- try, then you have our permission to leave. Let the man to the men's work and the boys to the children's work. When you're on your datethis weekend, money in your pocket,'a girl beside you and a party ahead of you, think of the guys that just found out that it was a six year old child that was selling you ice cream with glass in it, the ones who are out on patrol that real- ized that they were being tracked by the Viet Cong. The ones that get the cold, clammy feeling when they hear of a patrol in trouble. The parents and wives who get those regretful letters. Go out and have fun, I just hope to hell that you can sleep good. -Linda Diller Misquote In an otherwise accurate article on the Sunday afternoon panel at the First Presbyterian Church, The Daily-misquoted me on a very important point: "Wurfel suggest- ed that the most realistic goal for Southeast Asia may be 'peaceful transition to Communism'," says Mr. Skogland. For "Southeast Asia" one must substitute "South Vietnam" in or- der to have an accurate quot. The insertion of "Southeast Asia" may have been a typographical er- ror. Certainly it was in direct contradiction to the whole pur- pose of my remarks. Whenever speaking about problems in South- east Asia I have always contend- ed, in lectures or in writing, that the future of non-Communist re- gimes in the region depends on whether they are popular and ef- fective, not on what happens in Vietnam. Communist victory in Southeast Asia is by no means in- evitable, even if we do withdraw our military forces from Vietnam. In South Vietnam itself, however, it seems almost inevitable that eventually a Comniunist-domin t- ed government will come to pow- er, no matter what the U.S. does. I trust the record of my remarks can be set straight. WITH CRITICISM, let me add praise for the ironic truth of Mr. Shapiro's editorial, "Oh Where, Oh Where Have the Vietnamese Gone?" His suggestion that West- moreland be declared dictator in South Vietnam was, of course, sarcastic. Prof. John Montgomery of Harvard was not being sarcas- tic, however, when he suggested in the August, 1966, issue of "Viet- nam Perspectives" published by the American Friends of Vietnam that if there are no reasonable prospects of stable government in Saigon the , U.S. should impose direct military government. Prof. Montgomery is former director of the MSU Advisory Group in Sai- gon and an expert on the occu- pation of Japan and Germany. His advice is not taken lightly in Washington. -David Wurfel Visiting Assoc. Professor, Political Science Silly Reasons Although a certain amount of distrust of the University admin- istration on the part of students is only natural, the University could minimize the problem by stopping one of its most popular practices, one which only ag- gravates the problem. The phenomenon I am referring, to is the practice of giving ridic- ulous reasons justifying unpop- ular actions. Last fall, for exam- ple, when it was announced that all dorm rooms might be given the same rate, on the grounds that there wasn't enough difference be- tween a single and a triple room to warrant the $115 differential, enough dorm residents pointed out in this column that the reasoning was such sheer nonsense that this justification has since been aband- oned. Last semester, Housing Direc- tor John Feldkamp defended a proposed fee increase by claiming that services here were superior to those at schools who are holding fees steady, and some astute re- search by a Daily reporter pointed out that this just wasn't so. It looks as though Mr. Feldkamp will have to find a new line. FINALLY, James Lesch, the as- sistant to the vice-president for academic affairs, was reported as justifying the erection of a new Administration Building while giv- ing the Litetary College the old quarters by saying that the site of the new building was "off- campus" and therefore less acces- sible to students. Is West Quad, not a hundred feet away from the site, "off-campus" too? How does Mr. Lesch have the temerity to utter such drivel and expect to be believed? Although it is difficult to get student acceptance of unpopular decisions even when they are war- ranted (and in the case of the Ad. Building this is debatable), ad- ministrators would be better off saying nothing, instead of making themselves appear to be complete fools. If they do not change their present policy, they have only themselves to blame for student antagonism. -,Eric Wayne, '69 OPINION The Daily has begun accept- ing articles from faculty, ad- ministration, and students on subjects of their choice. They are to be 600-900 words in length and should be submitted to the Editorial Director. MONTGOMERY, Ala. - The flight from Atlanta to this "Capi- tal of the Confederacy" only takes 35 minutes but it was long enough for me to meet the station man- ager of WABG-TV, the ABC af- filiate in Greenwood, Miss. The rickety old Delta prop was one of a dozen planes waiting in line to use the runway that morning. After we complained to each other about breathing the ex- haust from the jets ahead, the conversation quickly turned to civ- il rights. I asked how the Green- wood station covered the biggest beat in the South. "We don't," he explained. "We just can't afford to do it. It's not that we wouldn't mind covering civil rights you understand. It's just that the people aren't ready for it yet. The advertisers just wouldn't stand for it. "Of course, we run the civil rights stuff the network sends through. But no local stuff. And when they sent some guys down from ABC in New York to cover civil rights and asked us to loan them a camera and a cameraman we had to say no. The local peo- ple just aren't ready for that sort of thing yet." I ASKED about Greenwood's most famous citizen, Byron DeLa- Beckwith who was accused of mur- dering Mississippi NAACP head Medgar Evers in 1963. "Sure, I know Byron, friend of mine." "What kind of a guy is he?" I asked. "Well, he's a little different. Re- member last year there was a big civil rights rally in Greenwood. Well Evers's brother Charles was in town and the word was out that he said he was going to get Byron. Byron went out there to some rally to find Evers, but he had left. Anyway, afterwards I saw Byron and asked him what he would have done if Evers had been there. Well, he didn't say a word. He just unbuttoned his shirt and pulled a gun out of a side holster and fingered it." "Do you think he actually shot Medgar Evers?" I asked. "Well," he said, "you know there was a hung jury when he was tried, but they did show that the bullet thatkilled Evers did come from a gun Byron owned. Can't tell for sure." By this time the plane was rolling up the ramp at Montgom- ery's Dannelley Field. He was trav- eling on to Jackson, Miss., so we shook hands. "Now ya'all be sure to come up to Greenwood and see me if you get a chance," he said. "Sure thing," I told him and walked out of the plane into the 80 degree Alabama sunshine. Montgomery is a town of 150,000 and best known as "Wallace Coun- try." Since the federal govern- ment has toughened up on dis- crimination in public accommoda- tions (most chain motels like Holiday Inn and many major ho- tels and restaurants such as down- town Montgomery's Jefferson Da- vis are integrated) the "This is Wallace Country" campaign slo- gan has come in handy. Local proprietors afraid of in- viting civil rights trouble let Ne- groes know they are unwelcome by prominently displaying a "This is Wallace Country" sign. The slogan is also prominent on front license plates along with such other favorites as the Con- federate flag, Alabama-National (football) Champions, and "All the Way with LBJ" (which carries a picture of a pregnant Negro girl). ALTHOUGH SIGNS are usual- ly a giveaway (colored entrance means what it says outside one downtown greasy spoon here) there is still confusion. For ex- ample, two weeks ago, Bob Val- der, executive director of the Ala- bama Council on Human Rela- tions, and Allen Black, of the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, were knifed as they left a downtown restaurant in an integrated group. Their assailant, Donald E. Mims, a Montgomery mechanic, made headlines last week when he be- came the first white man in Ala- bama to be convicted of a crime against a Negro in a civil rights case in months. He was found guilty of assault and battery against Black, a Negro, and fined $100 and court costs-the maxi- mum under the city ordinance. Mims is appealing the conviction. Normally justice is not so swift in Montgomery. On April 26, the home of Mrs., Frank M. Johnson, Sr., mother of U.S. District Judge Frank M. Johnson, Jr., was bomb- ed. The judge has consistently thwarted the wishes of segrega- tionists and was one of three judges who signed a recent order desegregating all public schools in Alabama. Governor Wallace pledged to defy Johnson's school order (which has now been upheld by the Su- preme Court) shortly before the bombing took place. And her hus- band once described the Judge as "an integrating, carpetbagging, scalawagging, race-mixing, bald- faced liar." But after the bomb- ing, Mrs. Wallace denounced the bombing and pledged a $5400 re- ward for finding the "malicious and fiendish demons" responsible for it. The district attorney prom- ised to ask the death penalty if the case goes to trial. But so far no one has been apprehended. Aside from knifing and bomb- ing, things have been relatively quiet in this city that has the ironic distinction of being the birthplace of both the Confederacy and the modern civil rights move- ment. In fact, the state capital building where the Confederacy started and the Petter Avenue Baptist Church where the Mont- gomery bus strike started are across the street from each other. STILL THERE are some politi- cians willing to stick their necks out and "advocate a bit of inte- gration and fair-play for the Ne- gro. One is L. B. Sullivan, the city police commissioner. Former- ly a hard-liner (he was the pro- tagonist in the famous Sullivan vs. The New York Times libel suit over an advertisement blasting the Montgomery police depart- ment) he has softened somewhat over the years. "We made an honorable man out of him," says one Negro leader. The police department even hir- ed a policeman who skilfully han- dled potential racial violence and kept close tabs on local white "lunatics" to avert civil rights murders. When whites protested integrated gatherings in one neighborhood the policeman told them all to go back in their homes and mind their own business. But in the recent municipal elections Mr. Sullivan's good deeds proved his undoing. Governor Wallace and others prominently displayed a picture of Sullivan welcoming a moderate Negro poli- tical group, the Alabama Demo- cratic Conference, to the city for a convention. The picture was carried in the civil rights oriented Southern Cou- rier and Wallace was careful to remove his address label (he has a subscription) when brandishing his copy. Mr. Sullivan was defeated in the election and the policeman who is a specialist on civil rights is reportedly quitting rathergthan work under the tough new regime. Montgomery, of course, has be- come some distance from the ini- tial civil rights crusade launched 5y Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., to integrate the city buses. But when I took a cab to Dr. King's former pulpit, Dexter Avenue Bap- tist Church, it was easy to see that minds here have changed little. Like all Southern towns Mont- gomery has Negro and white cabs. 'egroes, of course, take Negro cabs (Checker) and whites take white cabs (Yellow, Red). But what does a white do when he wants to go to a Negro church? I chose a white Yellow cab and explained that I wished to go to the Dexter Church. For once in my life I rode with a quiet cab driver. In fact he only said five words. 4 I Volunteers for Israel A SMALL, but illuminating, sidelight of the Middle Eastern crisis is that Is- raeli consulates across the country have received a large number of inquiries from those who desire to volunteer to fight. The sincere dedication of these people to Israel as a Jewish homeland should not be slighted. But their eagerness to partake of the blood and gore of a pos- sible Arab-Israeli war also provides a sobering commentary. The Daily is a member of the Associated Press and Collegiate Press Service Summer subscription rate: $2.00 per term by car- rier; ($2.50 by mail) $4.00 for entire summer ($4.50 by mail). Daily except Monday during regular academic school year. Daily except Sunday and Monday during regular summer session. Second class postage paid at Ann Arbor. Michigan. 423 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48104. Summer Editorial Staff LAURENCE MEDOW..... .......... Co-Editor STEPHEN FIRSHEIN...............Co-Editor MARK LEVIN.......Summer Supplement Editor NIGHT EDITORS There is a war myth which permeates political thought both here and abroad. Essentially it is the view held by many humane men that there can be such a thing as good and just wars. This ex- plains that deep, heart-rending nostal- gia for the Spanish Civil War. For it, like a war over Israel, is a good war which beckons all civilized men to arms. OURS IS A SOCIETY, and a world, ob- sessed by war. From Civil War Cen- tennials to "For Whom the Bell Tolls," war shapes both our amusements and our intellectual perceptions. Despite the constant litany that war is hell, parents initiate their children in a world of conflict with toy weapons ranging from cowboy rifles to bazookas. In such a construct the appeal of fighting for Israel cannot be denied. For Israel was conceived out of an admixture of intense idealism and military might. And its subsequent history all too vividly reflects the paradoxes of its birth. In this age of dirty, little wars Israel pro- vides all the requisite makings of a real military crusade. Yet no territorial issue in the .world can morally, or practically, justify the spectacle of men using the fruits of sci- entific advance to kill and maim. For no Today and Tomorrow... By Walter Lippmann On a Collision Course The President denies that he has put us on a collision course with Red China and the Soviet Union. In this he is relying upon his ability to guess correctly how far he can go in North Vietnam without bringing on Chinese in- tervention. He feels he is able tojudge just what targets he can hit be- fore the big Communist powers decide to hit back. This is a kn A Russan rniltte. The SOME OF THE President's prin- cipal advisers are the same men who guessed wrong in the Korean War. They could not then be- lieve that if Gen. Douglas Mac- Arthur carried the war into North Korea and to the Yalu River the Chinese would intervene. The In- dian ambassador in Washington passed along a message from the Indian ambassador in Peking warning the U.S. government that a movement to the Yalu would son has allowed the issue of the Vietnam war to become a test of whether the United States is to continue to be a military power on the Asian mainland. The Presi- dent is acting through a puppet re- gime in Saigon supported by troops and enormous sea and air power. THE MOST important recent development from the other side of the struggle has been the warning that the two Communist iI j AD } Si 9.