FRIDAY, MAY 26, 1967 THE MICHIGAN DAILY TIlE MICHIGAN fl411V mmm PAGE Evacuate U. S. Dependents Judge Rejects War Crim Testimony in Levy Tria From Egypt, Israel Posts , a t COLUMBIA, S.C. (AP)-A military judge yesterday threw out testi- mony of war crimes in Vietnam as a defense for Capt. Howard B. Levy, the Army doctor charged with disloyalty for refusing to train Green Beret medics. Col. Earl V. Brown, law officer at Levy's court-martial, held there was no evidence that an order of Levy to train the medics was 11- legal based on the defense's con- tention that the soldiers engaged in war crimes. Brown's decision followed tes- timony about atrocities by South Vietnamese against war prisoners in Vietnam. The military judge left open the question of admitting testimony about brutality in ex- tenuation of punishment for Levy, "if the trial reaches that stage." That meant Levy's defense might put up such evidence in an effort to lighten the sentence if he is convicted. The ruling opened the way for the 10-member tribunal to return Thant Flies To New York For Meeting' Aides Say Secretary Carries Special Note From Nasser to UN BEIRUT, Lebanon (IP) - The United States is pulling wives and' children of U.S. officials tout of' Egypt and Israel because of a' dangerous situation that could rapidly develop into an Arab-Is- raeli war. The U.S. announcement affect- ing more than 500 dependents, came yesterday, a few hours after U.N. Secretary-General U Thant cut short by 24 hours a peace mis- sion to Cairo and flew back to New York to report to the U.N. Security Council on the Middle East crisis. Other Developments There were these other develop- ments: " President Johnson made a surprise trip to Canada--a key nation in the effort to prevent a Middle East War-to confer with Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson and visit Expo 67, the world's fair. " Arabs and Israelis reported border incidents. Cairo radio said a unit of the Palestine Liberation Army in the Gaza Strip clashed with an Israeli patrol Wednesday night and forced it back into Is- rael. There was no confirmation from Israel. 48-Hour Departure The American dependents were told to leave Egypt and Israel within 48 hours by way of com- mercial transport. Officials in Washington said about 120 American dependents will leave the Israeli cities of Tel Aviv and Jerusalem and that 400 will begin flying out of Egypt on tomorrow. State Department officials said there was no direct connection be- tween the evacuations and Thant's efforts in his talks with President Gamal Abdel Nasser and other Egyptian leaders in Cairo. Recognize Danger But officials agreed that the action was based on a recognition of a dangerous situation that could get worse rapidly. Attention remained focused on the Gulf of Aqaba. The Egyptians have reported they have mined its entrance, the Straight of Tiran, and that shore batteries and patrol boats will stop shipping to and from Elath. Israel has said it will fight if Egypt carries out its blockade. But no Israeli shipping has en- tered the gulf since Nasser an- nounced his blockade intentions on Monday. No Israeli shipping is ex- pected in the gulf in the imme- diate future, officials said. Thant conferred with Nasser Wednesday ,night. He met Foreign Minister Mahmoud Riad of Egypt yesterday before his departure. -Associated Press PRIME MINISTER LEVI ESHKOL of Israel, left, is seen yesterday during a visit to Israeli troops in the Negev Desert. With Eshkol, who also is Israeli's minister of defense, are Gen. Izhak Rabin, uniformed, second from left; Yigal Alon, third from left, minister of labor, and Col. Israel Lior, right. Rabin is chief of staff of the Israeli Army and Lior is Eshkol's military secretary. The man behind Eshkol is unidentified. Eshkol visited Negev as tensions between Israel and Egypt con- tinue to mount. PrivateU.SDoain Supply Is rael Ad Needs Middle East Blunderingst Ignite Crisis Experts Say Reports Of Israeli Threats Are Fabrications EDITOR's NOTE: What set off the current crisis in the Middle East and what are the chances it will go over the brin into war? Here is an analysis by the chief Associated Press correspondent in that area, based on soundings with experts in Beirut and elsewhere. By ROY ESSOYAN An AP News Analysis BEIRUT, Lebanon (/P)-Diplo- mats and experts in Arab affairs believe a series of grave miscal- culations-by the Soviet Union, Israel and Egypt-may have pre- ripitated the brink-of-war crisis in the Middle East. The last thing the United States' or Britain wants at this point is a military involvement in the Middle East. But the United States is committed to defend Israel in case of Arab attack. Both powers con- sider free access into the Gulf of Aqaba-the potential flashpoint of war which Egypt threatens to block-is guaranteed by interna- tional law. The United States is known to be exerting strong political press-! ure to restrain Israel from any overt move that may set off a war. Many diplomats fear the United States may not be able to hold Israel back, or that Is- raeli political leaders may not be able to restrain their own military, if there is further provocation.t Diplomats trace the present si-t tuation to a series of statementsl by Israeli leaders two weeks ago.c These statements warned that Is- rael would attack Syria in force if Syrian-sponsored commando raidsl into Israel continued. . The observers believe theset warnings alarmed Nasser, as did at series of distorted intelligence re- ports he received claiming a majort Israeli military buildup on its northern front facing Syria. c U.N. observers and other in-i dependent sources have showni since then that there was no suchF time. Nasser apparently believed them,k made his fateful decision to grab the initiative from the Israelis, and turned the screw a secondc fateful notch by ordering thec peacekeeping U.N. Emergency Force out of Sinai.t This step led inevitably, Arab experts here say, to Nassser's de-c cision to block the Aqaba strait. -Associated Press DONALD W. DUNCAN, waiting to testify, smokes outside the Fort Jackson courtroom during a recess from his testimonial suport for Capt. Howard B. Levy, charged with disloyalty. Duncan, former master sergeant in the Special Forces, in Viet- nam said prisoners are tortured by Vietnamese. MESSAGE TO CONGRESS: LI3J Asks Election Cost-Sharing Plan. to the courtroom for the comple- tion of the trial. Brown heard tes- timony about atrocities with the tribunal outside the courtroom. Brown recessed the trial Wed- nesday after a Special Forces com- bat veteran told of the Green Berets ignoring crimes committed against war prisoners by South Vietnamese soldiers. Says Orders Illegal Levy. 30, of Brooklyn, N.Y., a dermatologist at Ft. Jackson Army hospital, contends that order for him to trail! the Special Forces medics were illegal. Attorneys for Levy argue that his disobedience was justified on the ground that Special Forces troopscommit war crimes, vio- lating international law. Witnesses Testify Chief defense counsel Charles Morgan Jr. of the American Civil Liberties Union introduced several witneses Wednesday. But they at- tributed the torture to the South Vietnamese soldiers - not the Green Beret troops. Morgan again asked Brown to give the defense time to visit Viet- nam inconnection with the trial. Brown indicated he might accede, "if you can show relevancy." When pressed, Brown said, "I would like to go, too, but it would have to be relevant." One of Wednesday's defense wit- nesses was Donald W. Duncan, a combat veteran with the Special Forces in Vietnam. Duncan, mil- itary editor of Ramparts magazine and author of a book about the war, said Green Beret troops turn- ed their backs on brutal treatment of prisoners by the South Viet- namese. Duncan also testified that he once was ordered by radio to "get rid of" two prisoners during a patrol. He said he pretended to misunderstand and brought the prisoners back with his pistol. South Vietnamese Control Afterward, he said, his superior officers told him they meant for him to kill the prisoners. Under United States policy, Duncan testified, prisoners taken by Special Forces soldiers were handed over to the South Viet- namese. He said that in his 18 months of duty in Vietnam he did not wit- ness any torture or brutality by Green Beret troops. He served 4%/2 years in the Special Forces and was decorated for valor,before ending his 10-year Army career in September of 1965. Duncan testified that he was an instructor in the Special Forces, and the troops were taught that the worst way to extract infor- mation was by torture. I WASHINGTON (R) - Military aid shows up a tiny fraction of the $3.4-billion flow of American dollars, loans and credits to Israel since it became a nation 19 years ago. But what really sets Israel apart from other countries receiving U.S. help since World War II is the volume of private contributions that has more than doubled the $1,104, 000,000 provided through govern- ment aid prgrams starting with the Marshall Plan in 1948. Through the years, U.S. gov- ernment books disclose only $27.6 million for military aid to Israel- all of it for "credit assistance" to help Israel buy American arms. Most of this was provided in the past two years for some 200 Pat- ton tanks, a few jet fighter-at- tack planes and an undisclosed number of Hawk antiaircraft de- fense missiles. American administrations since President Harry S. Truman have deliberately curbed arms aid to Is- rael under a policy of refraining from becoming a major military supplier to any country of the Middle East. President Johnson bent that policy in the case of the tanks and Arab Military Power Above 1956 Level LONDON (IP)-Israel will have a far tougher time than 10 years ago in any war with her Arab neighbors today, British military experts believe. And the position of King Hus- sein of Jordan in any such con- flict could be crucial. Ten years ago in the Suez con- flict Israeli forces sliced through President Gamal Abdel Nasser's Egyptian army to reach the Suez World News Roundup By The Associated Press AUGUSBURG, Germany-A So- viet MIG fighter crash landed near here yesterday and West German military officials said the pilot had asked for political asy- lum. The plane made a wheels-up landing in a meadow near Dillin- gen,. about 20 miles northwest of here, and skidded across the field. The pilot, about 25, was unhurt, the duty officer at a nearby army unit said. The pilot walked to the nearest road and a passing driver gave him a lift to the lo- cal military unit, the duty offi- cer added. NEW YORK-A carbon copy of an unpublished story by Er- nest Hemingway was sold for $6,- 250 Wednesday by Charles Ham- ilton Autographs in an auction at the Waldorf-Astoria. It had pen- ciled on it 350 words of correc- tions in Hemingway's handwrit- ing. The story, called "Black Ass at the Crossroads," dealt with Ameri- can soldiers during World War II. * * MOSCOW - The Soviet Union launched yesterday its fifth Mol- niya communications satellite and reported all equipment on board was functioning normally. The Molniya satellites are used for transmitting radio and tele- vision programs. The first Mol- niya-the word means lightning-- was put upApril 23, 1965, the fourth last Oct. 20. The latest Molniya was report- ed orbiting theearthnonce every 11 hours and 55 minutes, with a maximum height of 24,682 miles in the Northern Hemisphere and 285 miles in the Southern Hemis- phere. The other four Molniyas have had very similar orbits, shaped to keep the satellites over the So- viet Union as much as possible. * * * - NEW YORK - The stock mar- ket rallied yesterday, breaking a streak of six losing sessions. Brokers described the upturn as a technical rebound, spurred by traders who moved in on the mar- ket to pick up bargains in stocks which had declined over the past several days. They said a growing conviction that the Middle East crises would not flare into war was also a factor. Canal in four days. They fanned out over the whole of the Sinai Desert. But the Egyptian air force had been all but destroyed on the ground by British and French bombers. British and French assault forces stormed ashore from war- ships off Port Said to fight a major share of the ground con- flict, and none of Israel's other Arab neighbors played any mili- tary part in the brief campaign. In 1956 the Egyptians were still struggling to learn how to use re- cently delivered Soviet weapons. They now have had 10 years in- struction by Soviet technicians. In addition, Egypt has been fighting a protracted campaign in Yemen and has 50,000 battle- hardened veterans available there. Hussein's Position Important Experts agree that any major fighting would be between the Israelis and the Egyptians, but the position of King Hussein would have an important bearing. Officially, Jordan, like Saudi Arabia, is committed by its vote last Saturday in the Arab League Council to support Egypt and Syria against Israel. But Nasser has long been carry- ing on a cold war with Hussein and Saudi Arabia's King Faisal. Both have been the targets of violent attack by Cairo radio, even after the start of the present crisis. Question Support Whether the two monarchs would ardently launch their forces to help out Nasser is a question being asked here. Jordan has 350 miles of com- mon frontier with Israel, com- pared to the 140 miles between Israel and Egypt and 50 miles be- tween Israel and Syria. the jet aircraft only after West Germany backed away from sup- plying the armored vehicles after a comparable number of American planes were sent to Israel's neigh- bor, Jordan. The largest American financial contributions to Israel have come. from two sources-United Jewish Appeal and Israel Bonds. Sells Bonds In the 18 years through 1966, the UJA raised $935 million for the Jerusalem based Jewish Agen- cy for Israel. This year's goal is an additional $47 million. The money has been used for the re- ;eption, resettlement and welfare of about 1.25 million immigrants. In 16 years through last year, the Israel Bonds organization has sold about $900 million worth of State of Israel bonds in denom- inations ranging from $100 to $100,000, and bearing 4 per cent interest. The bond drive target for 1967 is $115 million. Bond sale proceeds are earmarked for development of Israel's general economy, harbors, highways, natural resources and housing. Other Contributors Another major nongovernment contributor to Israel is Hadassah, the women's Zionist organization, which has sent more than $200 million for support of hospitals, vocational education and land re- clamation projects. Hadassah's 1967 goal is $10 million, plus $500, 000 worth of drugs and medical supplies. Other private sources of aid for which dollar values are unavail- able immediately, include the Jew- ish National Fund, which supports tree planting and cultural projects, American Red Mogen David for Israel, which provides first-aid equipment and ambulances. Several American groups sup- port higher education in Israel, including committees for Bar-Ilan University, the Weizmann Insti- tue for Science, the Hebrew Uni- versity and the Technion-Israel Institute. Total U.S. Aid Total U.S. government aid to Israel through 1966 includes $735.4 million in credits and long-term, modest-interest loans and $369.1 million in outright grants. Israel has repaid $320.3 million of loan, principal, and Interest. The value of Food for Peace shipments is $346 million.Some $203.2 million of U.S. economic aid funds have been in direct loans to the government of Israel and lesser amounts to private in- dustry in that country. And the Export-Import Bank has loaned $217.4 million for a variety of economic projects. I t i 1 t t I t 1 i } r C i f i t WASHINGTON (A') -President Johnson proposed yesterday that the government pay some of the major expenses a presidential nominee and his party face in campaigning for the White House. His message went to Congress as the House voted to undo an untried presidential campaign fi- nance law, which would have let taxpayers earmark one dollar of their returns for the purpose. The Senate is expected to take the same action soon. The President rejected the tax checkoff approach, but sought to retain the principle of public fi- nancing. He recomended a direct appropriation for campaign travel, advertising and radio-television broadcasts. The President recommended also an overhaul of the laws governing campaign contributions and dis- closure. He asked for full disclosure of contributions over $100 and a $5,000 limit on any individual's donation to a single candidate. At the heart of his message was A House Passes Education Bill Over Repucn Opposition WASHINGTON (P) - House leadership opposed the bill "speaks Democratic leaders claimed a for itself." major political victory yesterday Democratic leaders were gen- in passage of a battered version of erally pleased with the outcome, the Johnson administration's edu- especially since some had said pri- cation bill, while Republicans con- vately several hours before the tended their opposition was a con- vote that they thought a Repub- structive effort. lican-Southern Democratic coali- "We beat the Republicans and tion on important amendments we won the bill," Democratic had enough strength to send the Leader Carl Albert of Oklahoma entire measure back to the Edu- told reporters a few hours after cation and Labor Committee. the 294-122 early morning vote Republicans Buck Party sent the education measure on to, Ford expressed surprise that the Senate. as many as 46 Republicans had House Republican Leader Ger- bucked the party leadership on ald R. Ford of Michigan said sending the bill back to committee., he and other GOP leaders voted The GOP picked up the same against the administration's bill, number of Democrats, mostly even though it contained some Southerners, but this was far be- GOP-backed amendments, because low the number Republican strate- they felt "it would have been gists had counted on. far more constructive" to give it On passage of the bill, the GOP further committee study. Leadership lost not only a major- But Speaker John W. McCor- ity of Republicans, but an over- mack (D-Mass), said the fact that whelming percentage of the bump- Ford and the rest of the GOP er crop of GOP freshman. A F UT U RE IN E LECT RON ICS Country set rs spoiled?t{ Absolutely! f - - c t 4.1 s I! ~ ..t the proposal that the government! subsidize presidential campaigns of both major parties, and of minor ones which claim at least five per cent of the total vote in the cur- rent election. 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