CONVENTION'S
POOR TIMING
See Pale 2


Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom

di;

FAIR, CLOUDY
High-r83
LOW-60
Passible rain, little
change in temperature.,


FIVE CENTS

FOUR PAQES

v

LXX, No. 21S

ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JULY 19, 1960

FIVE CENTS

Foul PAGES



Jnited States Accuses
lussia of Illegal Action

Airmen Held
After Downed
On Mission
WASHINGTON (JP)-The United,
States yesterday formally accused
the Soviet Union of illegally de-
taining two American survivors of
the July 1 Russian attack on an
RB47 reconnaissance plane.
The Russians claim the plane
violated Soviet air space. The
United States contends it was on
a mapping mission over interna-
tional waters.
Tn a stiffly worded note delivered
in Moscow to the Soviet Ministry
of Foreign Affairs, the United
States demanded release of the
two airmen. The note further de-
manded that a representative of
the United States embassy in Mos-
cow be permitted to see them with-
out delay.
The new United States note said
the United States welcomes the
opportunity presented by the
forthcoming meeting of the United
Nations Security Council "to make
clear to world opinion the illegality
and recklessness of Soviet behavior
with regard to the downing of the
RB47 aircraft with the known loss
of life of at least one member of
its crew and the arbitrary deten-
tion of two United States Air
Force officers. ..."
The note replied to a Soviet
note of July 15 regarding the
shooting down of the Air Force
plane.
The American reply acknowl-
edged the Soviet Union's promise
to turn over the body of Capt.
William A. Palm, pilot of the ill-
fated aircraft.
Referring again to the declared
readiness of the United States to
undertake a joint investigation
with the Soviet Union and an ac-
ceptable outside authority into
the whereabouts of the downed
aircraft and three missing mem-
bers of its crew, the note said:
"The United States government
must draw its own conclusions
from the fact that the (Soviet)
ministry's note completely avoids
any reference whatsoever to this
offer of an objective joint investi-
gation.''
USSR Court
orders Ir al
For Powers
MOSCOW M'-The Soviet Su-
preme Court yesterday ordered
pilot Francis Gary Powers to stand
trial Aug. 17 as a spy for his U2
flight over Russia.
The 30-year-old Virginian was
expected to be the center of a
trial here not matched recently in
diplomatic scenery.
The rocket which brought him
down in the important Ural indus-
trial area around Sverdlovsk on
May 1 precipitated a chain of
events the peak of which was
collapse of the Summit Conference
in Paris.
Moscow Predicted
Most observers here believe the
trial will be in Moscow, the seat
of the Supreme Court and the
center of Russia's news and photo
communications. But there is no
official information on where it
will be.
Technically there was a possi-
bility it could be held at Sverd-
lovsk, near which Powers landed.
Sverdlovsk is a mining and in-
dustrial community mainly famous
as the place where the czar and
his family were lined up against
a basement wall and shot during
the early stages of the Bolshevik
revolution.

Laws for Trial.
Powers will be tried under a
series of Soviet laws which provide
that:
1. All spies are tried before mili-
tary triounals.
2. All crimes of exceptional im-
portance are tried before the Mili-
tary Collegium of the Supreme
Court.
3. The criminal liability for es-
pionage carries a penalty of 7 to
15 years or death. In the Soviet'
Union execution usually is by
shooting.
Before Military College

Ike Offers Information
TO Kennedy, Johnson
NEWPORT, R.I. (MP)-President Eisenhower yesterday offered to
supply secret security information to Sen. John F. Kennedy and Sen.
Lyndon B. Johnson but only for their personal knowledge "exclusively."
Kennedy immediately accepted for himself and Johnson.
The President's message appeared to rule out the possibility of
Kennedy, Democratic presidential nominee, and Johnson, his vice
presidential running mate, sharing the data with their advisers.
Kennedy originally had suggested that the information be relayed
to him through Adlai E. Stevenson and Rep. Chester Bowles (D-Conn.)
as his liaison representatives on foreign policy. Under the White House
proposal, the information would be supplied directly to Kennedy and
_Johnson during the campaign by

J
t
t
3
1
3
3
i

PRESIDENT EISENHOWER
... to release information '
A-TALKS:
Recession
Proposed
WASHINGTON (gP)-The Soviet
Union and Britain have reportedly
proposed to the United States that
the three-power nuclear test ban
talks in Geneva be recessed on
Aug. 15.
United States officials in re-
porting this said the proposal
made by the Soviet and British
delegations in Geneva in an in-
formal way is now under study
here. They did not say how long
a recess was proposed.
Officially the state department
conceded there has been talks in
Geneva of breaking off the talks
which began 20 months ago.
It was noted here with interest
that Russia and Britain came up
with the same proposed recess
date, Aug. 15, indicating to some
observers the two actually agreed
on a common proposal before
approaching the United States
delegation.
O-pinion Clash
May Divide
Republicans
CHICAGO (1P) - Republicans
served notice yesterday they will
press a hard-hitting presidential
campaign amid indications they
first may have a clash of platform
views within their own party.
Sen. Thruston B. Morton, GOP
national chairman, and the chief
architects of the 1960 platform
talked about prospects precisely a
week before the opening of the
party's nominating convention
next Monday in Chicago's Inter-
national Amphitheatre.
Rockefeller Supporters
While they held a joint news
conference, the on-the-scene signs
pointed toward the nomination of
Vice-.President Richard M. Nixon
for president. Rep. Clarence Brown
of Ohio, an early arrival, told a
newsman it looks like Nixon on
the first ballot.
But across the street from the
main convention hotel, the Con-
rad Hilton, backers of Gov. Nelson
A. Rockefeller of New York took
over the Blackstone Theater and
spelled out this sign on the mar-
quee:
Pick a mdwinner.
Draft Rockefeller Headquarters.
Nominee Attacked

representatives of the Central In-1
telligence Agency.
Eisenhower sent essentially iden-
tical telegrams from the summer]
White House to Kennedy at Hyan-
nis Port, Mass., and Johnson at .
Johnson City, Tex.
He notified them he believed it
in the national interest to provide
them, as leaders of a major party
ticket, with "periodic briefings on
the international scene from a
responsible official of the Central
Intelligence Agency."
"Because of the secret character
of the information, that would be
furnished you," he said, "it would
be exclusively for your personal
knowledge. Otherwise, however, the
receipt of such information would
impose no restriction on full and
fress discussion."
James C. Hagerty, the Presi-
dent's press secretary, was asked
whether this would restrict the
Democratic standard bearers from
passing on the information to such
advisers as Stevenson and Bowles.
He said, in apparent reference
to the phrase "for your personal
knowledge," that the telegram an-
swered that.
Concerning the next sentence,
relating to free discussion, Hagerty
said this meant that public debate
on foreign policy was not pre-
cluded in the campaign.
Plian Meeting
O0n Tension
In Caribbeani
WASHINGTON (A - The Or-
ganization of American States
gave overwhelming approval yes-
terday to a meeting of its foreign
ministers to study tensions in the
Caribbean.
Although the fear of Soviet in-
fluence in Cuba prompted the OAS
to act, no mention was made of
Russia or Cuba in the resolution
calling for the meeting.
A seven - member committee
headed by Fernando Lobo of Brazil
was appointed to draw up an!
agenda for the meeting and de-
termine the date and place it is
to be held.
Cuba's ambassador to the OAS,
Carlos Lechuga, emphasized that
Cuba's final approval would de-
pend "on the program and the
place of such a meeting."
Yesterday's meeting was re-
strained, with no outward sem-
blance of the heightened feelings
that led Lechuga to charge the
United States with aggression and
intervention in Cuban affairs at
the OAS session last Saturday.

Catholics
Organize
Protests
HAVANA (P) - Angry Roman
Catholics staged a new demonstra-
tion against Communism yesterday
and scufledwith young Cubans
shouting "Yankees out." Police
fired into the air to break up the
fighting.
Two Americans passing by were
dragged out of their car and
beaten up. They were Jeffrey
Michael Price, 18, and his brother,
Richard Anthony, 14. Their
mother, Mrs. Irving B. Price, whose
home town is New Haven, Conn.,
was bruised.
Mrs. Price, whoie husband is
vice-president of the Cocoa Pro-
ducts Corp. here, lives in Havana
with her family. She told police
she and her sons were driving part
the church when their car stalled
and young Cubans who had been
heckling the churchgoers yanked.
her two sons from the vehicle.
All three were later taken to
the headquarters of the Military
Investigation Department.
The first known physical attack
on Americans here came as Cuba
accused the United States in the
UN Security Council of trying to
put a Red label on Prime Minister
Fidel Castro's regime. The United
States denied the charge.
The Council was expected to
pass to the Organization of Ameri-
can States (OAS) the Cuban
charge that the United States is
guilty of economic aggression. The
OAS in Washington approved a
call for a hemisphere foreign
ministers meeting to take up the
heated Caribbean situation.
The Catholic demonstrators -
many of them women-were esti-
mated at 1,500. Members of the
congregation clashed with youths
and chanted "Cuba yes, Commun-
ism, no."
Cuban Snubs
P lnfor Aid

Africans
While Fi

Suffer

Losses

Moroccan

--AP wirephoto
BELGIANS TAKE OVER-Belgian paratroopers with automatic weapons stand guard over Congolese
prisoners at the Leopoldville airport, after the Belgians took control of the field from the Congolese.
The Congo threatened to call in Soviet troops if Belgian forces refused to leave. The UN stepped in
quickly to avert an international crisis.
AIDS COMMUNISM: UNDER NEW CABINET:
Economic Japanese Miners, Police

ighting in

Advance

HAVANA () - A
haggard Fidel Castro
television last night

hoarse and
returned to
and lashed.

Congo
Rebellious
Natives Kill

out at the latest United States
plan for aid for the American Re-
publicans as a "maneuver to de-
stroy the sympathies of the Latin,
American people for the Cubana
revolution."
Doctors had pronounced the ,
prime minister fully recovered
from his illness, described as pneu-
monia, with which he was stricken
10 days ago. But he looked pale
and there were lines underphis
eyes.
He described the Amtrican aid
plan as a half billion dollar brib-
ery."
"It's an admission of their
moral defeat," he said. "With gold
now they seek to buy reason.
That's Washington's mentality -
to resolve problems with money,
money, money."
He used the English word for
money, giving it an accent Latin
Americans use to make it sound
loathsome.
Castro assailed those who have
been urging his government to re-
ject the Soviet Union's offers of
economic and military assistance.
He made no specific mention of
the Russian offers or of a recent
Argentine note asking Cuba to de-
nounce meddling in the Western
Hemisphere by an "extracontin-
ental power." But it was plain he
I was referring to this situation.

Dangerous
Rapid industrialization of un-
derdeveloped countries may sup-,
port Communism rather than de-
crease it, a well-known sociologist
said here yesterday.
Such changes may lead to insta-
bility rather than stability, radi-
calism rather than conservatism.!
Although political behavior can be,
accounted for by the economic"
situation, political conditions are
not always the result of economic
changes.
Prof. Seymour Lipset of the
sociology department of the Uni-
versity of California continued
that rapid industrialization would1
seem to be the way to relax inter-
national tension since wealthy
nations seem to have stable politi-
cal systems, while those of poorer
nations are tense and divergent.
But more problems can be cre-
ated by this method through the
formation of huge labor forces
that force people to move from
one segment of the economy to
another, dislocating their social
:elations, customs and beliefs.
Many experts say there would
have been a Russian revolution
even if there had been no World
War, he said. Between 1896 and
1914, rural elements of the Rus-
sian people were transferred to
city life as a result of rapid in-
dustrialization and lost their roots.
Moving to the American scene,
Prof. Lipset said the Republican
party should increase wealth to
insure victory.
"Since we have experienced one
of our longest periods of wealth,
one would anticipate that the Re-
publican party would be more and
more powerful. In terms of being
able to win officesother than the
presidency, they are weaker than
they were during the depression
period," he continued.

Avoid Strike Showdown
TOKYO MP)-Police yesterday avoided a showdown with left-wing
strikers in the Southern Kyushu coal-mining town of Omuta.
A human barrier of union members prevented court officials from
posting an injunction order against the strikers. Although thousands
of police were on hand and a clash had been expected, the police did
not intervene in support of the court officials.
In Tokyo, the central government announced it would seek to
avoid bloodshed at the mines in hopes of paving the way for incoming
Prime Minister Hayato Ikeda to work out a settlement of Japan's
bitterest labor dispute. Emperor Hirohito yesterday installed Ikeda
as the nation's ninth postwar prime minister. Ikeda named a con-

servative cabinet that intends to'
follow the pro-Western policies of
Nobusuke Kishi's previous regime.
The cabinet's immediate task
will be tiding over the labor crisis
at Omuta, some 600 miles south-
west of this city, where striking
leftists miners are attempting to
override court authority.
About 10,000 police were mobi-
lized to move against an estimated
20,000 men of a Mitsui Mining
Company Miike Colliery and their
allies to enforce an 11-day-old
court injunction ordering removal
of pickets from the hoppers
through which coal is relayed
The strikers-protesting man-
agement plans to trim the work-
ing force-have dug trenches,
erected sandbag and barbed wire
barricades and armed themselves
with iron bars and nail-spiked
poles.

U.S* Clainms
Soviets Lied
NEWPORT, R.I. (M)-The White
House yesterday accused the Soviet
Union of lying in claiming that a
United States aircraft carrier and
a tanker are attempting to assist
Belgian forces in the strife-ridden
Congo.
The broadcast said, Hagerty re-
ported, that the American aircraft
carrier Wasp is anchored at the
mouth of the Congo river and is
trying to assist Belgian forces at-
tempting to restore order in the
newly independent Congo Repub-
lic.

Homes Ransacked
In Growing Unrest
After Independence
BRUSSELS, Belgium W) -- The
United Nations African Force was
reported to have suffered its first
osses in fighting with Congolese
in two cities of the new African
Republic yesterday.
The victims were Moroccan
members of the UN peace force.
The Belgian radio said mutinous
native troops at Thysville fired on
the Moroccans and killed several.
Detachment Fights
A second report said a separate
Moroccan detachment engaged in
ferce fighting with Congolese at
the port city of Matadi, near the
mouth of the Congo River, and
there were casualties on both sides.
This report, telephoned from
the village of Noqui on the border
of Portuguese Angola, said the UN
troops entered the big Congo, port
city but had not succeeded in oc-
cupying Matadi harbor, a center
of continued labor unrest and
violence since independence was
granted by Belgium June 30.
Stores Ransacked
The Congolese were said to have
ransacked stores and homes along
the harbor.
Belgian troops have not under-
taken any serious police action at
the port since an agreement was
concluded with Congolese author-
ities to withdraw the Belgian navy
from the city several days ago.
This was the first word of cas-
ualties among UN troops since
they arrived last week under a
mandate from the UN Security
Council to restore order in the
new republic.
Troops Sent
Moroccan troops had been sent
by train to Thysville, about 75
miles southwest of the Congo
capital of Leopoldville.
An outbreak at the ThysVille
camp earlier this month started
the mutiny that spread rapidly
through much of the Congo's 25,-
000-man army.
UN Leader.
Encounters
Cooperati on
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. (0__-
Secretary-General Dag Hammar-
skjold said yesterday Belgium has
agreed to limit her troop activities
in the Congo and to place Belgian
forces partially under UN com-
mand.
The .Secretary-General told the
Security Council that discussions
on the withdrawal of Belgian
forces are continuing. There was
no indication as to whether he
had asked for their withdrawal or
whether he had received any word
when this might be expected.
Hammarskjold's report was his
first to the 11-nation council since
it gave him a mandate early
Thursday to set up a UN force
and take other measures to restore
order in the new African country.
He called for an early council
meeting to consider his report.
This afternoon seemed to be the
most likely time for the meeting.
The Secretary-General reported
that the UN up to Sunday night
had 3500 troops in the Congo
and that the buildup was continu-
ing rapidly.
"The arrival of the troops of the
United Nations Force in Leopold-
ville," he said, "has already had
a salutary effect, and the growing
recognition of its role as a force
for the restoration of peace and
order will contribute to its in-
creasing effectiveness."
Contingents have arrived from

Ethopia, Ghana, Morocco and
Tunisia, he said. He reported of-
fers of troops had been accepted
from Gulnia and the Federation
of Mali. Hammarskjold also an-

Sallade To Reactivate
Draft-Rockefeller Group
George W. Sallade (R-Ann Arbor) said yesterday he will reacti-
vate the Michigan Draft New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller
Committee, with himself as chairman.
"It might be wiser for the Michigan delegation to consider itself
less tied to Mr. Nixon and more open minded as far as Mr. Rocke-
feller is concerned," he asserted, citing the current demand for "new
vigorous and forward looking leadership."
In explaining his decision to revive the group, organized by him
in 1959, he said no party can meet the challenges of the 1960's "if it
is going to be tied to the record of


Rockefeller Draft Enjoys Little Support

CHICAGO (P"-Republican National Chairman Thruston B. Mor-
ton reported yesterday that he sees little support outside of New York
State for drafting Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller as the GOP presidential
candidate.
But an elaborate command post looking very much like a cam-
paign headquarters awaited Rockefeller and a large group of advisers
and consultants due from New York yesterday-one week from the
opening of the Republican National Convention.
The Sheraton Towers Hotel, New York State headquarters for
the convention, was equipped with extra telephone lines, a special
switchboard, a press room, special facilities for radio-TV coverage,
direct lines to convention headquarters and to the convention hall
and other special communications.
The multi-millionaire New York governor, who has become the
chief voice of dissent in top Republican ranks, is standing by his
announcement last December that he will not be an active candidate.
But the hotel setup, the large group of aides that accompanied
him today and the activities of a Draft Rockefeller committee oper-

the past and in effect committed
to the continuation of previous
policies which, in some instances,
have produced questionable re-
sults."
Rockefeller has shown himself
ready to try new ideas and break
with tradition if necessary,. he
said.
Sallade thinks Rep. Gerald R.
Ford (R-Grand Rapids) could
well serve as a vice-presidential
candidate with either Rockefeller
or Nixon. "There is no need to
link his name with just one presi-
dential aspirant," he added. rec-
ommending a "more diplomatic
approach" to the possible nomi-
nation of Rockefeller than Michi-
gan Republicans have shown so
far.
This might increase support for
Ford among delegates from the
Eastern seaboard, he explained.
"A wide onen Renublican con-

ma , ,U