EDUCATING._ THE INDIVIDUAL See rage 2 Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom CONTINUED WARM righ--87. Lvw--63 Partly cloudy with scattered showers in late afternoon., LXX, No. 15s ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, JULY 12, 1960 FIVE CENTS FOUR A e U.S. Mum on Plane Inc iden (.) --AP Wirephoto CONGO REFUGEES-Belgians fleeing the Congo arrive by plane at Paris' LeBourget Field after a flight from Brazzaville, French Congo. They were part of a group of several hundred who escaped from Leo- poldville before Congolese police closed off the city. AGAINST U.S.: Cuba Sets UN Action As Protest UNITED NATIONS ()-Cuba accused the United States yester- day-of economic aggression and in a suprise move called for an 1m- mediate meeting of the United' Nations Security Council to con- sider the charge. Cuban foreign minister Raul Roa said the United States pur- sues a policy of intervention in Cuba's domestic affairs. United States acts and threats, he said, "have brought abouta iuaton which seriously affects international peace and heightens the tensions brought about by the collapse of the summit confer- ence" at Paris in mid-May. Roa's charges were in a sharply worded letter handed to the July president of the 11-nation coun- cil, Ambassador Jose Correa of Ecuador. Correa began consulting delegates as to the time of the council meeting-probably next Monday. United States ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge was in Mas- sachusetts on vacation but he prepared to rush back to New York. The United States delega- tiop issued a statement in which Lodge said, "The United States has committed no aggression. It has shown great patience and forebearance and wants the world to know the truth." Will Not Oppose Informed sources said the United States would not oppose putting the Cuban complaint on the security council agenda. The Cuban move came amid these other developments: 1) President Dwight D. Eisen- hower at his vacation headquar- ters in Newport, R.I., denounced Latin American dictators and ex- tremists-"both right and left"- as a threat to western hemisphere security. 2) Eisenhower announced a pew "good will" aid program but Indicated if Cuba wants to get in on it the Castro regime will have to mend its ways. Castro Promises 3) Prime Minister Fidel Castro, ill with a pulmonary infection, promised he would be well by July 26, anniversary of his suc- cessful revolutionary movement.- "This means a little rest for me and for the people, too," Castro said. In his statement about Latin American dictators, Eisenhower did not mention Castro or any other leader by name. Cuban of- ficials here, however, interpreted his remark as referring to Castro. "Latin America is passing through a social and political transformation," Eisenhower said. "Dictatorships are falling by the, wayside." SBack In Washington Secretary of State Christian A. Herter flew back to Washington after conferring with Eisenhower on the Cuban problem. He said the United States would have to U.S. Troops Alerted For Congo Service African Republic Appeals to UN For Assistance To Restore Order WASHINGTON ()-The United States yesterday alerted troops for possible duty in the mutiny-torn Congo, but left the decision to use them up to the United Nations. The fledgling African republic has appealed to the UN for help in restoring order. Top United States officials said tough American in- fantry troops, already alerted in West Germany, could be rushed swiftly to the Congo-if the United Nations decides to intervene. But, it was clear from cautious statements that the Eisenhower administration did not want to take the lead in the emergency. Au- thorities feared Russia might twist the action into a sign the United " States wanted to snuff out the in- tS t dependence of the 12-day old Afri- can nation. Sever razeUndersecretary Ralph Bunche Severs les of therUnited Nations, on the scene in Leopold ville, was under- W ith R epubl- stood to have recommended that "technical military assistance" be made available by the UN to help BRUSSELS ()-Premier Moise loyal loyal Congolese Army units Tshombe of the rich copper and stop the attacks on whites. uranium province of Katanga an- The state department, declin- nonnced last night his vast inland ing to comment on this report, area has seceeded from the 11- nevertheless said "There is an day-olderCongo.-obvious need for protection of lives He charged the central govern- of residents-by whatever means ment was using the "disorganizing are appropriate." tactics of Communism." Katanga province has been noted for fierce Hecretary o State Christian A. independence and it was the last Herter, returning from anemer- part of the Congo to yield to 19th gency conference on Cuba with century empire builders. President Dwight D. Eisenhower Essor du Katanga, a newspaper at Newport, R.I., said the idea of i Elisar du an, theKatanga I UN intervention in the Congo in Elisabethville, the "han as nobe ert"H e capital, said Tshombe made the hasdundoubtd merit." He de- secession announcement in a local broadcast. Details were relayed Some 200 of the 2,000 Americans here over a special telecommuni- in the Congo were reported to cations setup have been evacuated, partly A Belgian official still in Elisa- through an emergency airlift di- bethville confirmed by telephone rected by the United States Air that Tshombe had declard his Force. But concern mounted over secssion. the safety of the others. Earlier reports from Salisbury The state department clearly in neighboring Northern Rhodesia was looking to Belgium to lead had quoted the premier as saying the way in protecting European that a declaration of Katanga in- residents in the former Belgian dependence was imminent. colony. Eisenhower Asks Report On Charges Soviets Say Aircraft Crossed Frontier By The Associated Press Official government s o u r c e s kept mum yesterday on Russia's announcement that an American reconnaissance bomber had been shot down for allegedly violating Soviet airspace. In Newport President Dwight D. Eisenhower called on the state and defense departments for a full report on Russia's allegations. Press Secretary James C. Hag- erty said at the summer White House that until the President has received the report no govern- ment official will have any com- ment on the Moscow announce- ment. Meanwhile, in Moscow, Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev scheduled a news conference for today Reported Missing The Russian announcement re- vealed Soviet fighters on July 1 shot down the plane-an RB-47-- which had been reported missing in the Arti by the defense de- partment. Two of the six-jet plane's crew' were captured and face trial in Moscow. The other four are dead or missing. The Russians declared this in- cident shows American aerial es- pionage continues despite Eisen- hower's disclaimers. The plane was shot down, by Russian ac- count, on July 1, exactly two' months after United States pilot Francis G. Powers' U2 spy plane was downed in the Urals. Over Soviet Waters The location was given as over Soviet territorial waters east of Svyatoynos cape, a 10-mie long projection from the Kola penin- sula into the Barents Sea. The plane had violated the state frontier 14 miles north of the cape, the Soviet foreign ministry said, and headed toward Arch- angel, a big terminus of the Arctic Sea route 240 miles to the south. "The new violation of the So- viet frontier by an American mili- tary aircraft testifies to the fact that the United States govern- ment continues to follow the same path, dangerous to the cause of peace," Soviet government charged, 'Everybody Can See' "Now everybody can see the real value of the solemn assur- ances of the United States gov- ernment and of President Eisen- hower personally about the order allegedly issued by the President to stop espionage flights of the American Air Force over the ter- ritory of the U.S.S.R." In disclosing earlier that the plane had vanished, the United States Air Force said it had been checking on northern magnetic fields off the coasts of Norway and the Soviet Union, in a survey intended to provide information for more accurate maps. * * * * * * South May Bring On Civil Rights to Battl( Flooi TConimittee' Sets Strong Policy Tone, Platform Approves High Court Rulings Sit-In Movements * -AP Wirephoto CAUCUS VISITOR-Front-running Sen. John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts yesterday visited Gov. G. Mennen Williams and the Michigan delegation. CON VENTION CLOSEUP: To Back Stiff Rights Planks * * By THOMAS HAYDEN special to The Daily LOS ANGELES-Democrats are willing to risk the Southern votel in November by inserting a strong civil rights plank in the platform which will be presented here to- night. Southern opponents of the, plank have been ominous in their warnings, but have yet to suggest' a walkout of the 1948 variety. The plank reportedly includesl three controversial provisions: first, legislation allowing the at- torney generol to sue on behalf of the citizens' rights; second, the esatblishment of a civil rights commission as a permanent body; third, endorsement of the South- ern sit-in movement. Pro-civil rights groups, includ-' ing organized labor and the NAACP, are jubilant about the plank, which reportedly includes the stiffest language in 20 years. Demonstration Starts A non - violent demonstration for civil rights, involvingithou- sands of students and citizens, started here Sunday and will re- main vigilant through Wednesday night, when the actual nominating process begins.( The strike, and the year-longI movement it culminates, have ap- parently mobilized enough senti- ment to force a solid plank. The need for such a plank is further emphasized by the growing im- portance of the Negro vote in Northern urban areas. The Republicans and Richard M. Nixon are expected to offer a firm civil rights plank which might sway the vital urban vpte. Criticism Heard' Sen. John F. Kennedy's civil rights posture has been pictured by some as vacillating, and occa- sional Negro criticism has been heard. Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt' warned here yesterday about the possibility of the Massachusetts senator's "losing significant Negro support," and NAACP leaders are privately concerned about Ken- nedy's Senate record. But Kennedy made a powerful bid to clear up any ambiguities at an NAACP rally Sunday before the major leaders of the civil rights movement. He firmly fa- vored, "the right of every Ameri- can to think, to vote, to speak, to' read, to worship as he pleases, to stand up for his rights, and, when necessary, to sit down for them." What the South's reaction to suchi strong language will be, is not certain. A severe fight has been reported in the secret meet- ings of the platform committee.' That fight may well spill onto the convention floor tonight, but no walkout is yet foreseen. Trouble in November is also possible. An extreme move would see the South bind together to throw the election from the electoral college to the House of Representatives where bargains would have to be struck for key Southern votes. A less extreme move, equally dam- aging to the Democrats, would be for Southerners to say home from the polls. But chances of the South supporting Kennedy in No- vember are not completely nil. Reds' Support of Cuba May Back Valid Cause By JEAN SPENCER Prof. Henry Bretton of the political science department yester- day expressed the fear that "the Soviet Union has sided with a legiti- mate cause" in supporting Cuba against the United States in recent oil. and sugar squabbles. Fidel Castro's dictatorship has become a scapegoat for the United States government in the dispute, and its hypothetical Red associ- ation has been used to rationalize unfairness on the part of the t United States, Prof. Bretton said. LOS ANGELES (A~)-A Demo- cratic convention floor battle on civil rights was threatened last night by southern delegates. The threat arose whenthe plat- form committee approved astrong civil rights plank which was bit- terly opposed by Southern mem- bers, Sen. James C. Eastland of Mis- sissippi said an effort will be made to have the convention repudiate the plank. The resolutions committee com- pleted action on the platform, which contained specific approval of Supreme Court rulings on rac- ial equality and also approved language regarding recent sit-in demonstrations. Eastland, leaving the meeting, said Southern members also ob- jected to platform language re- garding state right to work laws. Join In Protest : . This presumably consisted of a statement of oppoition to laws which prohibit compulsory -unioni membership arrangements in un- ion-employer contracts The Mississippi senator said nine Southern states joined in a statement of protest regarding the civil rights and right to work dec- larations, He said a minority report of protest will be filed. Asked if there was a chance of a Southern dele- gate convention walkout, East- land said, "I'm n prophet, I don't know." Three-Hour.Debate The vote in favor of the civil rights plank was unofficially re- ported at 74-20. The approval came after more than three hours of heated debate, conducted be- hind closed doors. Rep. Chester Bowles of Connec- ticut, chairman of the 109-mem- ber committee, said the platform was one which he believed Demo- crats everywhere could support with enthusiasm. However, he said Southern del- egates had notified him ofrtheir intention to file a minority report on civil rights. The Dixie attitude toward the plank was expressed in the crisp comment of Sen. Sam J. Ervin of North Carolina when the com- mittee met-"I cannot accept it.", Kennedy Camp Gaining Force For Victory Special to The Daily LOS ANGELES-The Kennedy machine had a convention stam- pede well under way yesterday as it ground toward a smashing first- ballot victory, Only an unimaginable realign- ment of political force can now stop the Massachussets senator whose backers claim he has the 671 votes necessary for the nomi- nation. Brilliant weekend timing brought the swing to Sen. John Kennedy to its maximum inten- sity. Kennedy had the big states, New York, California, Pennsyl- vania, Illinois, Ohio and Michi- fan. He had the big names: David' Lawrence, Edmund G. (Pat) Brown, Richard Daley, Robert. Wagner, 0. Mennen Williams, and maybe even Stuart Symington and Adlai Stevenson. He was BANKS, MAYS, CRANDALL HOMER: Slugging Nationals Take All-Star Game KANSAS CITY (AP)-Willie Mays, Ernie Banks and Del Crandall led the power-packed National League team to a 5-3 victory over the American League yesterday in the blistering 100-degree heat of Kan- sas City's first All-Star game. Mays, the San Francisco Giants' spectacular center fielder, con- tributed a triple, double and single and just missed a home run. Chi- cago's Banks and Milwaukee's Crandall each hit home runs be- fore the sellout crowd of 30,619 paying a net $183,892. Only Cleveland's Gary Bell and Kansas City's Bud Daley escaped without allowing a hit as the Na- tionals narrowed the American's series lead to 16-12. The 29th game will be played tomorrow afternoon in Yankee Stadium. Breaks Through Shut out for five innings by final two runs off Buhl in the eighth. Bill Monbouquette, the American League starter and loser, ran into rough going from the very start. Mays greeted the Boston right- hander with a triple to the right field corner on his second pitch. When Bob Skinner of Pittsburgh singled on the next pitch, the Nationals were ahead to stay. Slugs Pitch Banks, the National League home run and RBI leader, slugged a Monbouquette pitch over the left field fence scoring Skinner and it was 3-0 before the crowd was able to down its first lemon- ade. The Nationals kept right after Monbouquette in the second when Crandall hit his first pitch over that handy left field wall. After manager Al Lopez of the got back in the ball game by chasing McCormick in the sixth and teeing off on Buhl in the eighth. Mays, going fol' the cycle after his triple, double and single, sent a screaming fly ball to deep right in the sixth. Kuenn went deep near the wall and pulled it down. After that effort Alston gave Mays the remainder of the day off and let Cincinnati's Vada Pinson finish up in center. Incidentally, Willie turned an ordinary single into a double in the fourth with his speed and daring. The hard-hit ball skidded through Boston's Pete Runnels into short center. Mays never stopped at first but slammed into second base ahead of Mickey Mantle's throw from short center. Friend deservedly was the win- ner for his brilliant one-hit job over the first three innings. The The United States has "no way of telling whether Castro is a front for international communist," he pointed out. Legitimate Grievance "I take the provision that the Cuban people have a legitimate grievance against the United States, he explained, and we are losing sight of their point of view and becoming fascinated by Cas- tro's unusual behavior." In the past United States rela- tions with Cuba, the United States has given our support to former premier Fulgencio Batista. Michi- gan representative Alvin Bentley's remark that supporters of the Castro regime in the sugar dis- putes tend to be "soft on Com- munism" is curious as it comes from a Republican whose party tolerated Batista. He mentioned that objective, conservative commentaries - for instance, the London "Econo- mist's" - recognized the United States has exploited the Cuban resources. New Approach "The United States and Cuba are drifting into a situation they aren't going to be able to get out I .tw