NDEA STAND:s EQUIVOCAL? See Fag. 3 .. 4it 4f Seventieth Year of Editoriaal Freedom cti PARTIY CLOUDY High-76 Law--52, Partly cloudy, little change; possible lively scattered showers. VOL. LXX, No. 13S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 7, 1960 FIVE CENTS FOUR P Lumumba Quiets Congo Troop Riots African Soldiers Demonstrate Against White Belgian Officers LEOPOLDVYLER (R)-Premier Patrice Lumumba flew last night to the scene of a mutiny by Negro troops in Thysville after calming demonstrations by other troops against white Belgian officers in this capital,freffcrhedpioesbNgo Acting swiftly to meet the first crisis of this fledgling African nation, Lumumba sought to free officers held prisoners by Negro soldiers at Thysville, 75 miles southwest of Leopoldville. ' Tanks were reported on their way to Thysville, where the mutiny erupted Tuesday night, Few details of the situation there reached the capital. The situation in the capital was quiet but tense after a dem- onstration by 200 Negro troops in front of the Parliament building. - They demanded more pay and EiSenhower Passes Quota Cut Halts U.S.-Cuban Sugar Trad ANEURIN BEVAN . ... late politician Britain's Bevan Dies LONDON (A) - Aneurin Bevan, silver - tongued Welsh politician, died yesterday at 62 years old, his lifelong ambition to become Prime Minister unfulfilled. The fiery deputy leader of the British Labor Party and outstand- ing figure of the European socialist movement had been ill for six months. Friends said he had stom- ach cancer. Tributes to Bevan poured in from fellow socialists at home and abroad and - as is the British way - from his old political foes in the Conservative Party. Prime Minister Macmillan said: "He was a great and courageous fighter for what lKe believed to be right and was respected- by mem- bers of all parties.". As a youngster in the depressed Welsh coal mines, Bevan set his sights on the British premiership, for him the pinnacle of political power. His aim was a social revolution to end forever the injustice and poverty he saw around him in his youth. He was an influential union leader in his 20's, member of Par- liament at 30, an international name in politics before he was 40. Through most of his career Bev- an was the rebel spokesman of labor's left wing. His biting tongue and advocacy of leftist policies broughthhim into frequent con- fiet with his own party leadership. Bevan will be remembered as the architect of Britain's socialized health service. He proved himself an able ad- ministrator in four years at the Health Ministry. The health service, a model for many countries, was brought in over organized opposition of physi- cians. Later they accepted it and it remains virtually unchanged from Bevan's original plan. Communists Riot in Rome ROME (- - Wild fighting set off mainly by Communists swirled through the streets of Rome last night and rival Red and Fascist factions in Parliament charged each other in two pitched battles. The skirmishes in Parliament went on until well after midnight, ending only when the Chamber of Deputies adjourned. Four lawmak- ers required medical treatment. Six ushers were injured, two seri- ously. The violence outside centered in Rome's mile-long southern dis- their own Negro officers. Lumumba personally assured them their grievances would be met. The demonstrating troops roughed up their white command- ed, Gen. Emile Janssens, and an- other white official in a noisy demonstration of several hours. One report said the troops were promised that Janssens and his entire white officers' corps even- tually will be replaced. There are no Negro commissioned officers now in the army-known as the Force Publique-in this country which became independent of Belgian rule only July 1. Radio Says (The Belgian radio said in Brus- sels Lumumba agreed to fire Jans- sens immediately and to punish other white officers the Prime Minister blamed for the demon- strations.) The 25,000 troops of the Force Publique provide the only means Lumumba has for maintaining peace and order in the Congo. Trained by white officers, the Force Publique is one of the strongest military forces in Cen- tral Africa. It has been invalu- able to the Belgians in putting down intertribal fighting that has plagued the Congo for years. The demonstrators marched without arms from the Leopold II barracks to the Parliament build- ing. They tried to get inside but were stopped. En Route En route they met Janssens in his car. The car was halted and his pistol snatched away. The soldiers whacked him once or twice with their belts. In a speech at the barracks be- fore the march, Lumumba prom- ised the troops he would take steps to meet their grievances. The troops were told that all ranks were promoted as of July 1. That made the top Congolese ranking a warrant officer. Later promotions will be on merit. The mayor of Leopoldville ap- pealed for calm. Gatherings of more than five persons at stra- tegic points such as the airport were banned. NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV .. annoys Austrians Khrushchev Talk Irks A ustrians VIENNA IP) - Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev declared yes- terday use of rocket bases in Italy against Communist countries "would presuppose a violation of Austrian neutrality." He thus implied in a speech at Klagenfurt that Russia would feel free to send troops into this neu- tral country in event of war. He advised the Austrians to tell the Italians "not to play with fire." Since his arrival on a state visit last Thursday, Khrushchev has annoyed the Austrians by repeated attacks on President Dwight D. Eisenhower and West German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. In Salzburg on Monday he charged that elements in West Germany stillawant to incorporate Austria in a greater German Reich. He added that Russia "will not remain idle if Austrian neu- trality is violated." Khrushchev cut short the re- mainder of his tour of the scenic Austrian provinces and headed back for Vienna. This satisfied his Austrian hosts. They want to have adequate time for talks with Khrushchev on his one-sided ideas about Austrian neutrality. Austria is neutral in the military sense only, as are Switzerland and Sweden. She is pro-Western poli- tically and economically. Education To Face Cost Rise By ANDREW HAWLEY The problems higher education in the United States faces with the increasing size and diversity of the college population were con- sidered by a panel of experts last night in a public discussion of "The Future of American Higher Education." The panel, a part of the summer lecture and discussion series on the "Social Implications of Eco- nomic Change," included William W. Whitehouse, president of Al- bion College, Prof. David French, dean of the University Flint Col- lege, and Prof. E. Lowell Kelly, chairman of the University psy- chology department. Prof. French attributed the in- creasing percentage of college students in the college-age popu- lation to the higher standard of living, the population rise, and to the demands for higher technical training, among others. Shorter Week? Whitehouse added that, in con- nection with growing automation, a large segment of industry will probably soon have a four-day work week. The University, unlike certain industries, cannot transfer the increase in overhead involved in a shorter work week to the price of the product, he said. Prof. Kelly said studints and their families should be made aware of the significant differ- ences between the actual cost of education and what they pay; adding that such an awareness might result in a feeling of socie- tal responsibility among graduates. Suggests Added Change "Perhaps the institution should charge the actual cost of a stu- dent's education - about $1500- $2000-and give "open," rather than "hidden" scholarships in larger amounts to those unable to afford the expense," he sug- gested. Recommends Variety Whitehouse recommended that the variety of student interests be met by strengthening specified training schools such as technical institutes, citing the British ap- prenticeship system as a successful way of providing the proper op- portunity for the non-intellectual student to become proficient in some other area. He also stressed a need to en- courage residential colleges in order to keep student expenses down, unless the government is willing to underwrite living as well as scholarship. expenses. Prof, Kelly expressed a fear of "watering down" in the educa- tional value of degrees, brought about by the popularity of under- graduate and even graduate schooling. He foresaw a conceiv- able need for "super PhD's." -David Gnitrow DISCUSSES GIRAUDOUX-Jean Borne, visiting instructor in the University French department, comments critically on the style and works of Jean Giraudoux, his countryman and playwright of "Amphitryon 38," currently being produced by the speech depart- ment. lorie Cites Metaphor In Giraudoux 's works By JUDITH OPPENHEIM S. N. Behrman's English adaptation of Jean Giraudoux's com- edy "Amphitryon 38" deletes from the production several lengthy passages which, it was felt, would bore American audiences who like the action of a play to proceed unimpeeded by philosophical disser- tations by individual characters. Jean Borie, visiting member of the University French department, explained, however, that these particular passages are in fact ex- amples of the brilliant rhetoric Denounces Castro's Delib erate Hostility Ike Action Alters Restraint Policy, May Cost Growers $35-$85 Million WASHINGTON (a)-President Dwight D. Eisenhower yesteiday ordered an end to virtually all further United States buying of sugar from Cuba this year. He accused the Castro regime of deliberate hostility toward the United States. Eisenhower's action, a switch away from the unsuccessful United States policy of restraint toward Fidel Castro followed since the bearded anti-American revolutionary came to power one and a hal years ago, could cost Cuban sugar growers an estimated 35 to 88 million dollars. White House Press Secretary James C. Hagerty an- nounced the President at 3:25 p.m.' signed the new bill allowing a HAVANA: Cuban sugar cut. Immediately up- on signing the bill into law, Eisen- " - hower issued his order and also a public statement. Eisenhower chopped 700,000 tons from Cuba's 1960 sugar quota of 3,119,655 tons. Since Cuba has Eected already shipped most of her 1960 sugar to the United States, the HAVANA ')-Drastic retalia- Eisenhower order allows only 39,- tory action by Fidel Castro's gov- 752 tons mre to be brought in ernment was expected last night this year. or today as a result of Washing- Also, the bill signed into law ton's slash in Cuba's 1960 sugar erases a potential additional quota. amount of 156,000 tons which All American property In Cuba Cuba might have been able to is subect to expropriation under send in this year under the previ- a new "law of national defense" ous Sugar Act, sugar authorities approved early yesterday by said. This tonnage may be sup- Prime Minister Castro's cabinet, plied by mainland producers. The measure sent American United States sugar purchases businessmen flocking to the are a boon to foreign growers be- United States embassy here de- cause Uncle Sam pays far above nouncing the move to expropriate the world market price. On a total their property as blackmail and loss of 856,000 tons in sales to asking for help. the United States, Cuban growers Just where among the could suffer a possible $85 million American holdings here, Casni setback if they cannot dispose of might hit was a subect of c- their produce elsewhere. The jecture. Most likely targets in- United States subsidy alone on the to ldhave been elude the $300 million Cuban 700,000 tons wouldhaen Electric Co., which is half Ameri- worth some $35 million. cn.wead2 mrc% Eisenhower, in explaining his can-onedsu arn 2ills reecn action, noted that nearly one-third an investment of more than $100 of America's nine million tons i miion.m annual consumption of sugar mlin comes from Cuba, who sells half Hours after President Dwight her sugar output to the United D. Eisenhower's announcement in States. Washington of the quota cut there "Despite every effort on our was still no reaction in govern- part to maintain traditionally ment quarters here. There was no friendly relations, Eisenhower unusual activity around the presi- said, "the government of Cuba is dential palace. Castro's where- now following a course which abouts were not known. raises serious question as to wheth- There was no immediate sign er the United States can, in the that civilian militiamen had been3 long run, continue to rely upon alerted to move into American that country for such large quan- properties. This was done before tities of sugar. the recent government interven- "I believe that we would fail in tion of oil refineries. our obligation to our people if we did not take steps to reduce our upon a nation which has embarked B nSy e l upon a deliberate policy of hos-Ex ect tility toward the United States." Eisenhower declared that Cuba'sj big sugar-barter deals with Rus- Cuban Incident sia and other communist coun- tries make it even more uncertain DETROIT (P) - Rep. Alvin M that Cuba will be able to meet Bentley (R-Mich.) said yesterday United States needs in the future, the United States must be pre- "It has been with the most pared on "an hour to hour basis' genuine regret that this govern- for an incident in Cuba that could ment has been compelled to alter cause a national emergency. the heretofore mutually beneficial Bentley, a member of the House sugar trade between the United foreign affairs committee, said thi States and Cuba," h said. cuty"a oepc"ta"te Eisenhower noted that until now country "has to expect" that thE the Cuban people - especially tary oufFndaalCastro amight at those who work in cane fields and tn ouaa a e a Gum. mills -- have benefited from the tanamo Bay at any moment. United States market. He looked The Michigan Congressman, a forward to a better day when, as candidate for the Republica, he put it, the Cuban government nomination to the Senate in Mich.. will once agaii allow friendship igan's Aug. 2 primary election to prevail between the two coun- made the comments in a state- tries. ment' issued from his campaigi Eisenhower immediatelyordered headquarters. Secretary of Agriculture Ezra Taft Act First Benson and Acting Secretary of Bentley said if there is an emer- State Douglas Dillon to work out gency "we should act first in. oi details for applying the new order. own best interest and explaintC Under the new law United the world later." States domestic beet sugar grow- He said the United States could ers scheduled to get a sizeable go before the Organization of chunk of the 700,000 tons taken American States after any actior away from Cuba. it might find necessary to take Other beneficiaries are expected OAS consists of 21 Latin American to be the Philippines, Panama, countries. It was formed for pur- Costa Rica, Haiti, Taiwan, the poses of cooperation in the Carib. Netherlands, Mexico, Nicaragua, bean area. Peru, the 'Dominican Republic,, Bentley. did not elaborate on :his Canada, the United Kingdom, and .statement of a possible . Cubar perhaps others. army attack. Officials said the exact amounts attackn and countries involved were not Attacks Opposition yet definitely worked out. Bentley attacked the opposition MI- fl04%. M~omtnif n a nof somne Democrats.to the Con- DEMOCRAT LABOR RALLY: SwainsonRipsBagwell, Hare Defends Con-Con LANSING (M)-Lieutenant Governor John E. Swainson, seeking the Democratic nomination for Governor, said last night Republican Paul D. Bagwell "has exposed himself as unfit for leadership." Swainson, in a talk prepared for a Democratic labor rally, ripped the unopposed Republican governor candidate for remarks he said Bagwell made June 29 in Flint. The Democratic Lieutenant Governor said Bagwell described the state'st for which Giraudoux is famous. Borie explained that Giraudoux was educated in the classic tra- dition of the Ecole Normale in Paris, where he studied rhetoric, the art of skillful literary argu- ment. Sustains Themes The passages in his plays are not long because they contain ideas which require philosophical development, but because Girau- doux wants to carry out his themes by the use of carefully chosen figures of speech to con- vey subtleties of meaning. Borie added that Giraudoux's works have a certain fixity due to his repeated use of metaphor. Nevertheless, Borie said, fre- quent use of metaphor is really nothing more than an intellectual game. For this reason, the Sur- realistic School of writers during Giraudoux's time criticized his works. They objected to his use of rhe- torical speech as a tool. Fire New Missile WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE ("P)-An Army Redstone missile, recently brought back from Europe, was fired 112 miles into a target on this southern New Mexico missile range yester- day. Army headquarters in Wash- ington said the missile was fired from a point within the range. There had been earlier reports here that it was launched from outside. The Redstone is a ballistic mis- sile with a range of roughly 200 miles. It has been deployed over- seas since June 1958. Redstone was used as the first stage of the Jupiter C space vehicle which launched the first United States space satellite. economy as in a "state of collapse." "It doesn't matter what position Bagwell takes between campaigns. When he goes out to woo the votes he goes all out and neither the truth nor the wellbeing of the state stops him from attacking the Democratic leadership of our state," Swainson said. Ile said Bagwell has shed all pretenses to liberalism and labelled him a "candidate whose integrity cannot survive campaign slogans." In a talk prepared for the same meeting, Secretary of State James M. Hare, a second contender for the Democratic nomination, urged a Constitutional convention to solve legislative apportionment and other problems. Hare said it reflected "conserv- ative" thinking to oppose a com- plete overhaul of the Constitution on the ground that only limited gains would be made toward equal apportionment. ALBION PRESIDENT: Education Has Economic Importance By CONSTANCE^MAHONSKE College is a business enterprise as well as an educational insti- tution, President W. W. Whitehouse of Albion College said yesterday. Speaking on "Economic Change and Higher Education as the third lecture in a series on the Social Implications of Economic Change, Whitehouse emphasized that the University president must be concerned with public relations and economic factors. "We all have had dreams and projects which have lain dormant merely because of the lack of funds." To realize these prospects, the University president must master finance and administration, he said. Whitehouse predicted an increase in two-year terminal and community colleges. He cited Ferris Institute as an example of a "new kind of education" that will probably spread. He noted the mounting costs in education for equipment because of rapid technological growth, for scholarships, and for the needed, increase in salary for faculty. "We are spending three billion for education now; in 1970 we should be spending nine billion." Whitehouse discussed several favorable trends such as donations I'