"I Said I Had Hiu Trained - Notice How He Sits Up?" Grhw £idhgan failg Seventieth Year -- __ EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Rhen Opinions Are PIes UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Tuth Will Prevail- STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. RSDAY, JUNE -30, 1960 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL BURNS POLISH EXHIBITION: Nonobjective Art Hints Change of Attitude By W. G. ROGERS Associated Press Arts Editor NEW YORK-Is nonobjective art creeping back under the Iron Cur- tain? Are Communist countries becoming less hostile to this popular Western creative activity as they have already relaxed their aloof attitudes on other cultural concerns? A welcome sign of change-whatever it may mean in the long run-was the recent exhibition here for the first time of 25 com- pletely non-naturalistic paintings by a Polish artist. Shown at French & Co. galleries, these sizable, freshly imagined and .exciting works are by 40-year-old Aleksander Kobzdej. He doesn't U.S. Should Begin MoveToward Recognition RED CHINA chides its parent state, the USSR, with weakness in dealing with the West. British Field Marshal Montgomery, returning from a trip to China, bubbles with praise for Mao Tse-tung and reports hatred for every- thing American there. United States embarrassment over Eisen- hower's unsuccessful Far Eastern visit is height- ened by Red shelling of the island of Quemoy only 150 miles from the President's ship. In short, Red China is now a bustling nation with enough strength to insult both the United- States and Russia. It is a power to be reckoned with, not ignored. In this world of many powers and shifting blocs, the United States no longer commands respect or attention for a policy that is not fully supported by other nations. Thus our ostrich policy of economic and political non- recognition of Red China is ineffectual be- cause it is not backed by the entire free world. BUT THE situation cannot be calmed at this late date by the magic word "recognition" for two reasons. First, although many Ameri- cans do not agree, the United States has in- curred obligations to the Taiwan government which call for continued support of Chiang Kai-shek. An important function of our over- all policy of containment of Communism is to maintain the island of Formosa as a free state in the face of its overpowering Communist neighbor. Second, and even more important in view of our present unstable position in the world's political scene, is the great possibility of refu- sal. If the United States were to announce now that it had decided to confer diplomatic recog- nition on the Peiping government, Mao's an- swer would probably be a triumphant "No, thank you." Perhaps there wouldn't even be a thank you. Yet Mao's government is one of the most solidly entrenched in the world. His nation con- tains a mammoth population and consequently a mammoth army; and his economic progress is the most fantastic the world has ever seen. Red China's accomplishments command Unit- ed States acknowledgement in some form. To continue to insist that the government of Mao Tse-tung does not exist is sheer fantasy, SINCE POLITICAL recognition would prob- ably result in further embarrassment to the United States, the answer may lie in a pro- gressive recognition plan beginning in the area of commerce. Several other nations, in- cluding Great Britain, permit trade with Red China. The United States might move toward a more realistic China policy by granting per- mission for trade there. The next step would be to permit travel on a limited scale. Later, when economic and so- cial ties were established, we would recognize the de facto Chinese government. AT THIS RATE, it would be a long time be- fore our relationship with the Taiwan gov- ernment would be seriously compromised. By that time all parties involved might be more willing to accept the Two Chinas policy of dual recognition. A look at the map will show that this is the most realistic goal, since, after all, there are two Chinas. The world gets smaller every day, and the clumsy thumb we've placed over China is sure to get burned if we don't remove it soon. --PAT GOLDEN WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND: Sweeping It Under the Rug By DREW PEARSON particularly like the word "ab- stract," but they are abstractions -evocations of man's thought in shapes not identifiable. * ** A COUPLE of them even have areas of collage, mainly swatches of burlap applied to the surface of the canvas. The subjects are "Cruelty," "Blown Out," "Mother Earth," "Conflict," "Forgotten Pastures," "Crushed," "The government's attitude to- ward this kind of painting is neu- tral," Kobzdej declared. "And at the moment just this sort of thing"-glancing around at his display-"is being done by a considerable group of young Polish painters." * * * EVEN UNDER the czars, the Russians never turned out paint- ings that stood comparison with the great works of the Western world. Their novels, operas and choreography were superb, the paint brush stymied them. But in the first two decades of this century, partly on their own and partly spiked by experimenta- tion in France and' Italy, they developed some creative workers who in turn influenced the West importantly. The Russian Wassily Kandinsky, living in Germany, did the first wholly non-naturalistic painting. The Polish-Russian Kazimir Mal- evich founder Suprematism. THE RUSSIANS, absorbed by revolution, ignored art in our sense, and mistrusted it. Their leaders, like those in Fascist Ger- many, though it was not so true in Mussolini's Italy, opposed av- ant-garde work as too individual, too disruptive of the group, the commune, the state. Here again, however, are ab- stractions, officially accepted by Poland, and like those shown, in- cidentally, in a Polish pavilion at a Russian fair a cou eof years ago. Kobzdej, explicitly dissociating art and politics, began his career as a representational painter; photographs of his early essays indicate he was an able, but seem- ingly not an innovating, artist in the field of representationalism; he could paint recognizable por- traits, and trees, hills and streets. * * * - SINCE 1948, the dates on his works show, he has changed his style and his approach. His abstractions owe little to American abstract expressionism; their sources are European, but they are individualist; their color is subdued but the design is al- ways challenging. The extent to which this kind of picture is accepted is seen in the fact that this particular exponent of it is the dean of the official Warsaw Academy of Beaux Arts. "Art of this sort doesn't make its way easily in Poland," Kobzdej admitted. "It nevre did anywhere else. But mine has been shipped to European centers with the gov- ernment paying the costs. "And this is the kind of picture I prefer to paint and intend to keep on painting." AT THE CAMPUS: Evening, Of Cool Fun FOR FOUR and half hours of air-conditioned humor on a hot summer night "Hole in the Head" and "Some Like It Hot" can't miss. "Hole in the Head" is a family- type funny-no plot but an all- star cast. Frank Sinatra as usual plays himself-a no. good, likeable bum. Thelma Ritter and Edward J. Robinson make a surprisingly good comedy team, while Eleanor Parker manages to be both dowdy and beautiful as the eligible widow. Keenen Wynn is the big operator and there is, o course, Frankle's loyal, manly little son.' If you like over-sweet little hams, this boy is for you. As topping, there is beautiful Miami in color, dog racing, moon- light beaches, big parties, bacuti- ful girls. Who needs a "message" in a summer movie? "SOME LIKE IT HOT" is much more original and a much better production. The acting is excel- lent. Marilyn Monroe shows again that light comedy is .her field-. and Joe E. Brown is the personi- fication of the lecherous old mil- lionaire. Tony Curtis, for a change, is not playing a Bible hero or a petty boy, doing much better than could be expected as a fugitive saxaphone player in an all-girl band. And Jack Lemon is Jack Lemon, one of the few masters of farce, situation comedy and the appropriate facial contortion around today. * * * THE REAL MASTER is pro- ducer Billy Wilder who first dreams up an original andpo- tentially touchy plot and then stages, paces and photographs it with great finesse. The movie opens with a chase scene un- equaled since the Keystone cops and ends with a most incredible punch line. The story line-two unem- ployed musicians (Lemon and Curtis) inadvertantly witness a reorganization of the bootleggers' syndicate in a Chicago garage and are forced to disguise themselves and join an all-girl band to es- cape the gangsters searching for them. All the predictable compli- cations and quite a few unpre- dictable ones, too, follow. - There is a "hen" party includ- ing the boys and thirteen lovely women jammed in an upper berth. There is a raid on a speak- easy whose front is a funeral parlor. There is Lemon's "engage- ment" to a wealthy yachtsman This is one of Hollywood's best, and worth seeing. -Sarah Rowley TODAY AND TOMORROW Th Corning Rea rppraisal By WALTER LIPPMANN N THE SHORT TIME remaining to'him there is still one great work which the President is uniquely qualified to do. This is to promote and preside over the unavoidable reappraisal, which must in many ways-to use the words of John Foster Dulles-be agonizing. The uprising in Tokyo, which went far beyond mere rioting, and the highly significant demonstration in Okinawa, are unmistakable signs that we must reappraise one of the main conceptions which has shaped our strategy. This is the theory that in order to contain the power of the Soviet Union and of Red China the United States must establish forward bases on the frontiers of the Communist orbit. The strategical policy of encircling Com- munism with military bases on the periphery was conceived immediately after the second World War, in the late '40s, when the United States still had a monopoly of the atom bomb and was not -only invulnerable itself but ir- resistible on the offensive. In 1949 the Soviet Union broke the monopoly, and in the years that followed acquired a nuclear stockpile and the airplanes and missiles to carry nuclear bombs. Then the strategical policy of periph- eral containment was bound to become in- creasingly unworkable. This meant that the time had Nome for a reappraisal of the stra- tegical policy which rested on our lost mono- poly. THE REAPPRAISAL was not made, and ac- cordingly, the State Department and the Pentagon addressed themselves to the task of persuading and cajoling the peripheral coun- tries to eschew neutralism in the cold war, to line up with us and against Russia and China, and to grant us military bases. A few coun- tries, notably India, refused to participate. But all around the rim of Asia, encircling the Russian and the Chinese heartland, we made alliances and established bases. To our surprise we found that as we estab- lished ourselves on this dangerous periphery, we became increasingly unpopular, and the more arms and money and personnel we pump- ed in, the more the masses of the people and the intellectuals to whom they listened be- came neutralist and anti-American and fellow- traveling, It was stupid of us to be surprised, and very stupid to allow ourselves to think that these ungrateful people would be loving and loyal if it were not for the Communist agitators from Moscow and Peiping. We refused to look at the stark and dominating fact that once the Soviet Union had become a nuclear power, the peripheral countries were defenseless. They could not be defended by "massive retaliation" because neither our European allies in NATO nor Canada and ourselves in North America were in a position to defend them against So- viet counter-retaliation. We may not like to say it out loud, or even to see it at all, but there is a profound weak- ness in a strategical policy which rests on bases that are indefensible. However much we may choose to ignore this brutal fact, the peo- ple of Japan are very much aware of it. So are the people of Okinawa, who could be knocked out with one hydrogen bomb. A policy which puts allies in such a position has to be reap- praised. For bases are no good in a country which is terrified and in rebellion because of the danger they create. DOES A REAPPRAISAL of the obsolete stra- tegical policy mean a retreat before the expansion of Communism, and abandonment of our allies, and the withdrawal of American military power as a deterrent force inside Rus- sia and China? The answer is that it need not mean any of these things, and it should not mean them if the reappraisal is penetrating and thorough, if the action that follows is bold and is wise. Let us leave aside Europe where the situa- tion is radically different because of the politi- cal and economic maturity and the inherent strength of the old nations. In Asia, in the presence of the two Communist giants, the normal and natural policy of a non-Commu- nist country is to be unaligned in the cold war. As long as there exists a balance of power among the giants, this is the best defense of the small and the weak against conquest and against intimidation. Neutralism, with American approval, makes also for good will and influence. India and Burma, and I think Egypt also, show that if we do nottry to force these countries to be- come our military satellites, they will welcome our help and advice in their internal develop- ment and their resistance to Communism. PARALLEL WITH the evolution of our policy away from peripheral military containment, it is the task of the Pentagon to find substitutes for the obsolete and essentially indefensible peripheral bases. There is no real doubt that this can be done, and according to Mr. Louis. Kraar of the "Wall Streetr Journal" who has been at Quantico for the recent meeting the military planners are working on the problem. Rome, as the saying goes, was not built in a day, and our outdated Asian strategy will not be revised in a day. The rebellion in Asia against our peripheral strategy is undoubtedly mount- ing. To give. the State Department time to re- appraise and revise and readjust its relations, and to give the Pentagon time to implement a new strategy, the most effective thing to do would be for the President to put himself at the head of the reappraising. This alone offers some hope of reducing the virulence of the re- bellion, a virulence which has its roots in the terror of being the victim of a more horrible Hiroshima. FOR OBVIOUS REASONS, the President is uniquely able to take the lead, and to make the reappraisal and revision his validictory service to the nation. It would be an act of WASHINGTON-It was signifi- cant that the Senate foreign relations committee carefully re- frained from a single word of criticism of President Eisenhower regarding the summit failure though vigorously criticizing the moves of his administration which led to that failure. It was also significant that Gov. Nelson Rockefeller in issuing his unprecedented criticism of our defense and foreign policies, care- fully omitted any criticism of the man responsible for those policies. Furthermore, during the past seven years, the Democratic lead- ership of Congress, expressly Sen. Lyndon Johnson and Speaker Sam Rayburn, have treated the Presi- dent with kid gloves while simul- taneously lampooning his policies, his execution of those policies, and almost everything he does. IN PAST ADMINISTRATIONS this was never the case. In the past, Harry Truman, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Herbert Hoover, Wood- row Wilson were held responsible for their policies, and neither the press nor the politicians ever dealt lightly with them. This custom of holding the President of the Unit- ed States responsible has been generally true of our entire his- tory, from George Washington down-with the notable exception of Eisenhower. As far as criticism is concerned he has led an almost charmed life. This is due in part to the extra- ordinary genius of Jim Hagerty and the Madison Avenue tech- niques he has used to set the President apart from his policies; in part to the watchful eye of the B. B. D. and 0. advertising agen-' cy which has been retained for seven years to glorify Ike: in part to the overwhelming financial- and political-contribution of the TV network executives to Eisen- hower. The effect on our eroded for- eign policy has been that when there occurred a serious error, the error was hailed as a victory. And the administration's propaganda INTERPRETING THE NEWS: Russians, Red Chinese Reach Compromise By J. M. ROBERTS Associated Press News Analyst -THE CHINESE and Russian Communists appear to have decided that they are both right-that war is not inevitable, but that it may come in handy for promoting the world revolution. Nikita Khrushchev has been preaching that war in its modern guises must be avoided; that Communist ascendancy can be achieved through economic superiority in a period of coexistence. Peiping has contended that the DAILY revolution cannot wait, that the capitalist nations will fight rather OFFICIAL than see Communist success, and that thoughts of nonpeaceful rev- BULLETIN olution must not be put on the shelf. techniques have been so skillful that until recently the American public generally believed that each defeat was a victory. * * * IT IS ONLY NOW when a lot of sick chickens have been coming home to roost that the public is beginning to realize that black clouds on the foreign-affairs hori- zon were really black after all, not the rosy sunrises White House statements made them out to be. Only recently has it been pos- sible to criticize the President without being denounced as un- patriotic and un-American. Even last month, Adlai Stevenson and Sen. Stuart Symington materially hurt their chances of being nomi- nated for the Presidency by pin- ning the blame for the summit failure on President Eisenhower. The real fact is, however, that the proposed summit conference and the proposed visit to Japan were sweeping-under-the-rug op- erations. They would have passed on to Ike's successor a lot of dif- ficult problems. They would not have solved anything. And the unfortunate fact is that the Ei- senhowernforeign policy has been chiefly one of sweeping difficult problems under the rug. * * * NOW THAT THE RUG has been pulled back by Khrushchev and the U-2 incident and by Jap- anese riots in Tokyo, a lot of these problems have been found that the American public didn't know were there. The sweeping-under-the-rug op- eration began with the Korean truce six months after Ike took office. Everyone in the White House and the state department knew that the Korean truce didn't solve anything. Korea was still divided. The North Korean Com- munists were fully armed and belligerent on the opposite side of the 38th parallel. They are still there. The United Nations truce teams still patrol back and forth, still palaver to each other, still haggle across the line. And when the President was in South Korea two weeks ago,itwas evident that more trouble could break out any minute. THE PRESIDENT, campaigning for election in 1952 on a platform of "Communism, Corruption, and Korea," had promised to go to Korea and settle the war, He did go-for a few hours only. Then he came back and refused to let the truce talks really worry him. Certainly it did not interfere with his golf. On one spring day in 1953, the President was summoned from the Burning Tree golf course by a phone call that an important de- cision had to be made in the Ko- rea.n truce talks. He finished the 9th hole, drove back to his office. On hearing the proposal he slammed a book across the room, exclaimed: "This-Korean war has been with us two years. It's going to be with us for a long time. I don't want to be bothered ... . . . .. .; 'A {:, UNDER THE verbiage of the international Communist state- ment following the Romanian party meeting, there is an accept- ance of any and all measures which, under given circumstances, may advance the party cause. Immediately following this, on his return to Moscow, Khrushchev made a speech calling for con- tinued beefing up of Soviet mili- tary strength. He now admits that reductions in military manpower are being made-just as they have been made in Britain and the United States--without reductions in over-all strength. This is not of major importance, of course, in a situation where Red China maintains and in- creases her massive conventional forces while the Soviet Union pro- vides nuclear power. PEIPING CAN now use force without seeming to undercut Mos- cow's political position, and vice vpTa1'rfho re n n an....nn.ora at u in The Daily Official Bulletin is an official publication of The Univer- sity of Michigan for which The Mic higan Daily assumes no edl- torial responsibility. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3519 Administration Build- ing, before 2 p.m. two days preced- ing publication. THURSDAY, JUNE 30, 1960 VOL. LXX, NO S General Notices The French Comedy, "Mr. Hulot's Holiday," will be shown Thurs., June 30 at 7 p.m. in the Multipurpose Room, Undergraduate Library. The film is in French with English sub-titles. Graduate Social Hour and Mixer on Fri., July 1 at the VFW Club, 314 E. Liberty. The Social Hour will be from 5 to 7 pm. and the Mixer from 9 p.m. to midnight with music by the Men of Note. Recital Postponed: The recital by Roy Johnson, originally scheduled for Thur. June 30, has been postponed to Fri., July 15. Linguistic Forum Lecture: Dr. Charles A. Ferguson, Director, Center for Ap- plied Linguistics, will speak on "Gram- matical and Semantic Categories of Viihorin rnh 'InnTh rn tim ' AGREEMENT UNLIKELY: Diplomats Consider UN Charter Revisions By MAX HARRELSON Associated Press News Analyst UNITED NATIONS (RP)-Fifteen years after the signing of the United Nations charter, diplomats are taking a long and careful look at some of its provisions, The document was signed in San Francisco 15 years ago Monday after weeks of debate. Its authors recognized that changes undoubtedly would be needed following a shakedown, but few foresaw the almost insurmountable difficulties for even simple alterations. Structural defects of the United Nations have been magnified and complicated by the cold war and especially by Soviet use of the veto. And the center of balance has been shifted by United Nations growth., Newly independent Asian and African nations have attained a posi- tion of power and influence. These factors are partly responsible for the tendency of the big powers to bypass the United Nations and take problems to such special meetings as a summit conference or a conference of foreign ministers. "Quiet diplomacy" within the United Nations itself, as a corollary to the conventional public debate, is another trend. * * ONE TENDENCY HAS BEEN to depend less and less on the Se- curity Council and to take more issues to the General Assembly, where there is no veto. Some diplomats think the collapse of the summit conference and a revival of the cold war may give new importance to the United Nations both to the General Assembly and to "quiet diplomacy." That is why they are giving special study to the possibility of overhauling the charter and United Nations procedures. United Nations Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold has cited sentiment for an international nolice force y g