OMBE DECISION UNSOUND See Page 2 C, r Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom ~aii FAIR COOL High-78, Low-58 Partly cloudy and cool tonight; fair and cooler tomorrow "A No. 35S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, AUGUST 9, 1960 FIVE CENTS FOUR IIECET FOUR icket Group Attempts Entry .t Beach; Refused Admittance UN Approves InI Favor of Resolution Evacuatioi By ANDREW HAWLEY group of about 30 Negroes and es, mostly University students, refused admittance to a local ;h Sunday, and "stood-in" 1 after the owner had ap- ed to close his establishment. he group, a carry-over from one that early in April began eting local business estab- nents s a i d to practice dis- .ination either in Ann Arbor or at Southern branches, was con- ducting the second stage of a stand-in experiment at the New- port Beach on Portage Lake, Previously Admitted. July 31 about 40 persons, in- cluding nine Negroes, were ad- mitted to the beach. The group had previously conducted- several 'test cases', and felt the policy of the beach was contrary to the Diggs Act, a Michigan- law for- 5PECIAL MESSAGE: Ike Challenges Congress To onsider Proposals WASHINGTON (P)-President Eisenhower challenged Congress 'sterday to act on a lengthy legislative program. He was promptly accused by Democrats of trying to steal their party platform's political thunder. Taking a leaf from Harry S. Truman's election year book, Cisenhower tossed back at the lawmakers in a special message 21 ,roposals he recommended last May but which were not actel on in he session recessed for the two national conventions. Proposals Listed He told the members of Congress to "stay on the job until it is one," adding: "Certainly we cannot adjourn the public interest." C Included were proposals ranging from an increase in foreign aid Co +1 11an er funds, civil rights, a farm bill and Commander medical help for the aged. To them Eisenhower added requests for: « jSS1. An increase of 100 million s usses dollars in special funds "to keep America posted for sudden de- Nee rase velopments such as those in the ongo .Latin American Aid WASHINGTON M-)-The Ger- 2. An authorization for a 609- ian general who commands all of million-dollar Latin American aid 4ATO's land forces in Central program. urope said yesterday the new 3. Approval of a food-for-peace (ATO strategy reaches beyond a program. to be laid before the Jere static defense along the United Nations in September. UhIne to operations deep into the Eisenhower accompanied these furthermost eastern reaches" of with an outline of actions he has Ientral Europe. taken and proposes to take to Gen. Hans Speidel, who fought strengthen the nation's military Med forces in World War II as power which he said is "second to hief of the general staff of Ger- none and will be kept that way." -an Army Corps and - Group, He said if additional defense sine to Washington yesterday as outlays are necessary "I shall major speaker at the Associa- promptly request the necessary [on of the United States Army funds." But he added that he ex- AUSA). pects to carry out his stepped-up Ten years ago, said Speidel, de- program with money Congress al- mse of Western Europe rested ready has provided. rimarily on the strategic air Falls Short orces, with the ground or "shield" This obviously fell short of the roups responsible for defending demand of Sen. John F. Kennedy ital bases and holding back of Massachusetts, the Democratic ommunist forces until their presidential nominee, for a three- eight was broken by air attack. billion-dollar increase in the level Because the shield or ground of defense 'spending. >rces lacked adequate strength, Whether it satisfied Vice-Presi- aid the general, "one could not dent Richard M. Nixon, the Re- scape the fact that the decisive publican presidential nominee, attle In Central Europe could was not immediately clear. nly begin on the Rhine and one Kennedy, in a two paragraph oped that the war could be end- statement, commented: : by the action of the strategic "The President has outlined once ir arm." Then Speidel continued: again some of the general areas "Since those early days of NATO in which executive and legislative he pict re has changed dramtic- action has been badly needed. If Ily. Our enemy now has a stra- he can now assure us that a re- gic air arm. Further, his long sponsible program to meet those age missile force equals our needs will start receiving the sup- wn. We seem to have reached a port of at least one-half the Re- alemate in this category. Be- publican members of Congress, wse of this dgngerous situation Sen. Johnson and I can assure ien we must recognize that our him that those needs will be met hield forces must be sufficiently in every possible way that time rong and ready to counter his permits. maining elements of strength." "A presidential message calling for action on bills previously ve- toed, and complaining about iatanga Elects spending after a broad series of demands, if not unexpected in an lead of State leo year-but if it can be backed up with Republican co- operation and leadership, this will ELISABETHVILLE, Katanga (MP be a productive and constructive -The Katanga assembly yesterday session." , ected Premier Moise Tshombe Sen. Lyndon B. Johnson of .ad of state. Texas is the Democratic floor Formal election of the 42-year- leader. bidding discrimination in various publicly used establishments, in- cluding beaches operated on a non-member basis. Last Sunday noon the group re- turned to the b e a c h, where Michael Crisovan, the owner, said he would not admit its members. The group waited puietly at the entrance to- the beach about three hours, with very little distrub- ance except for some heckling on the part of a crowd of high school aged b oy s whose numbers in- creased as the afternoon passed. Retains Camera Paul Palmer, a member of the group, carried a small camera, which Crisovan tried to take from him at one point. Later, Robert E. Meader, an Ann Arbor lawyer representing Crisovan, spoke with Jack Ladinsky, Grad, coordinator for the group, and asked him if he would turn over the film in Palmer's camera. Neither Palmer uior Ladinsky relinquished the film or camera. Washtenaw county, Dexter, and state policy arrived during the three-hour period; by 3:15 when the group left, there were five police vehiclesrat the scene. Crisovan repeatedly said, ac- cording to members of the group, that he wanted no trouble, but he promised to close his beach rather than admit the group. Ob- servers said he began closing at about two p.m., and also appeared to discharge some of his em- ployees. He put up a sign which read "Closed to the Public." Police Neutral Ladinsky and others had several conversations w i t h attendant policemen, in which, he said, the police made it clear they were only there to prevent any trouble from starting. Ladinsky said he told one of them the group would leave when there was no pointin staying any longer. About three o'clock Ladinsky said, police advised that the crowd of teenagers, some of whom were heckling members of the group, was "getting hot out there," and that it might be best for the group to leave. The departure took place without incident, under police escort. A few people who are not mem- bers of the picketing group went to the beach later Sunday and reported that it was still closed. Merchants Desegregate NEWPORT NEWS, Va. WP)-All major Newport News stores with lunch counters have begun serving Negroes in sections previously re-r served for white people, it was learned yesterday. A spokesman for one of the, stores confirmed that desegrega- tion of eating facilities quietly was put into effect last Saturday by agreement of the managements of the various firms. Principal stores affected by the new policy are Nachman's, Wool-, worth's, Kresge's and Murphy's department stores; Sears, Roebuck & Co., and the restaurant at the Greyhound Bus terminal here. All these firms have been the" scenes of Negro sit-in demonstra- tions this year.1 The action here followed similar desegration of lunch counters at Woolworth and Grant variety, stores in Norfolk and Fredericks-. burg and the Greyhound terminal in Richmond. Until Saturday, all1 white lunch counters in this port1 city had closed when sit-ins were held and Negroes were denied service.E Republicans Want Senate Rights Vote WASHINGTON (P)-Republicans disclosed yesterday they hope to force a quick test vote in the Senate on the politically explosive civil rights issue-and thereby em- barrass the Democrats. The planned first step is the early introduction of a bill to carry out civil rights recommendations President Eisenhower made yester- day in his message to Congress. Then the Republicans would seek to place a bill on the Senate calendar without referral to com- mittee. Motion Debatable Such a motion would be debat- able, opening the way for a fili- buster against it by Southern foes of civil rights legislation. But it is anticipated that a motion will be made to table and thus kill the motion to bypass committee con- sideration. A tabling motion is not debat- able and thus a test vote could be forced that Republicans feel would dramatize the split between north- ern and southern Democrats over civil rights legislation. Republican leader Everett M. Dirksen of Illinois told avreporter he expects to offer the bill today. "If not, I certainly will the next day." he said. Plans Offering He said also he plans to offer the motions designed to keep the blil out of the hands of the Senate Judiciary Committee, headed by Sen. James O. Eastland (D-Miss). This committee long has been a graveyard for civil rights meas- ures. Sen. Richard B. Russell (D-Ga), chief strategist of the southern forces, left no doubt he will use every available resource to block action. Eisenhower, in his message said that in passing the 1960 civil rights act, Congress deleted two major provisions he had recom- mended. Asks Restoration He asked their restoration "in keeping with the bipartisan sup- port evidenced for these items last month"-an allusion to two new party platforms. One of these provisions would have authorized Federal financial and technical assistance for school districts that voluntarily seek to comply with the Supreme Court's 1954 school desegregation decision. This also would have given Con- gressional sanction to the court's ruling. The other provision would have set up a 15-member commission to seek elimination of racial dis- crimination in the hiring of work- ers by federal contractors and em- ployers generally. Bill Introduced A bill to carry out the Demo-, cratic platform's far more sweep-1 ing civil rights program was intro-, duced earlier yesterday by two Republican senators, Kenneth B.I Keating (NY) and Hugh Scott (Pa). It is given no chance of action at the abbreviated session. NOTE TO MINISTRY: U.S. Protests Nationalization Of American Property in Cuba (Members HAVANA W-)-The United States yesterday formally protested the Castro regime's nationalization of more. than 700 million dollars worth of American property in Cuba. A United States embassy offi- cer delivered the protest note to the Cuban Foreign Ministry. Its contents were not disclosed. An embassy spokesman said, Q however, that aside from protest- ing the nationalization order, the, note reiterated a United States complaint against a July 6 Cuban cabinet decree authorizing Prime Minister Fidel Castro to expro- priate -all American-owned prop-, erty "when convenient to the na-j tional interests." In a July 16 note, the United OAS Asks Consideration Of Subversion in Americas WASHINGTON (M)-The Organization of American States appar- ently stiffening its attitude toward Cuba, yesterday voted 20-1 to have its foreign ministers review subversive activities within the hemisphere. The action came as the United States denounced as a "calculated plan" Cuba's seizures of remnants of what once amounted to nearly a billion dollars in United States investments in Cuba. Cuba Objects Only Cuba raised substantial objections as the 21-nation OAS council approved a four-point agenda for the ministerial conference which will open Aug. 16 in San Jose, Costa Rica. Similarly, the Council rejected by the 20-1 margin an alternative agenda proposed by Cuba. The Cuban plan asked the ministers to plan a joint defense against United States military and economic ag- gression. The view of the United States as an aggressor, U.S. Ambassador John C. Dreier said, is a "carica- ture . . . no connection with re- ality." Adopts Agenda The four-point agenda the Council adopted asks the foreign ministers to consider "threats of extra - continental intervention," "existing international tensions in the Caribbean," and measures to promote higher living standards. A fourth point-in a provisional agenda sent to member govern- ments in late July-called for a joint defense of democratic insti- tutions against "activities of any system incompatible with such in- stitutions." Asks Review But the OAS Council, acting on a committee recommendation, toughened this up and asked the ministers to review inter-American cooperation "for the defense of the democratic American institutions against the subversive activities of any organization, government or their agents." This new wording was perhaps significant. It was adopted follow- ing the welcome extended last Sat- urday by Raul Castro, Cuban revo- lutionary leader, to offers of Rus- sian military aid, and the an- nounced seizure of remaining U.S. property in Cuba. No Reference Nowhere in the agenda, how- ever, is there any direct reference to U.S.-Cuban differences, or to the Russian aid offers. Cuban ambassador Carlos Le- chuga argued, however, that the Russian offers guarantee that U.S. military and economic superiority will not be used against Latin America. NATO Cuts Considered BRUSSELS, Belgium (JP)-Bel- gium is considering reducing its contributions to the North Atlan- tic Treaty Organization (NATO), sources close to the government reported. The Belgian government is still somewhat upset by the little sup- port it got from NATO partners during the Congo crisis. Only France gave open support. The French government was believed backing Belgium in return for Belgian support in its own Al- gerian policy. Furthermore, Premier Gaston Eyskens said recently a program of austerity and economy will be launched soon. Belgium has spent millions in setting up two important military bases in the Congo-Kamina and Kitona. These must be abandoned soon with no compensation and this would account for an attempt to compensate for the loss by cutting the defense budget. States termed the decree discrim- inatory, arbitrary and confisca- tory." The Castro government yester- day hailed its confiscation of the larger part of the. billion dollar American investment in Cuba as a ratification of national sover- eignty. Armed militiamen were posted at the doors and around premises of American properties through- out the nation. Government 'ap- pointed administrators took over their operation. Jubiliation Limited But official jubiliation appeared not to carry to all quarters. In some sections of the government and in diplomatic circles the at- mosphere seemed charged with an air of expectancy. An often repeated question was: what will the United States do now? Another was: What will the Castro government do about the Cuban Roman Catholic Church's expression of preoccupation about Communism's advance in Cuba? Health Overshadowed These weekend developments had the effect of overshadowing a closely related factor: the state of Fidel Castro's health. The angry prime minister, though not in perfect voice as he pronounced the nationalization decree Saturday night, did not look at all like the desperately ill man depicted in a rash of rumors last week. Correspondents agreed, however, Castro did not look well. The cloak of official silence on his health and his whereabouts dropped over him again yester- day. No Takeover Seen There was no sign of an official takeover of the reins of the revo- lution by the prime minister's younger brother, Maj. Raul Cas- tro, who in a TV appearance last week admitted Fidel needed "mi- nor repairs." Meantime, the dwindling ranks of American businessmen here totted up losses under the new confiscatory decree. The semiofficial newspaper Rev- olucion estimated the decree makes Cuba richer by $829 million worth of American property. The businessmen said the prop- erty involved is closer to $700 mil- lion. But this figure, they quickly added, is investment value and not replacement value, "which would be two or three times that." Prompted By Warning Russians Propose Immediate Force UNITED NATIONS (P)-The UN Security Council early today: approved a Tunisian - Ceylonese resolution to strengthen Secretary General Dag Hammarskjold's de- mand for quick Belgian evacua- tion of the entire Congo, " A majority of the council mem- bers, spurred by Hammarskjold's warning that world war would erupt unless the Congo crisis it" solved, lined up behind the reso- lution calling for withdrawal of Belgian forces from Katanga pro- vince. Resolution Proposed The Soviet Union proposed a resolution calling for UN forces to enter Katanga within three days "without hesitating to use any means to that end." But some diplomatic sources said the Soviet delegation and Poland, only Com- munist members of the council; might even go along with the ma- jority on the Tunisia-Ceylon res- olution. Hammarskj old intervened late yesterday afternoon to reject the Soviet demand that UN troops shoot their way into secessionist Katanga province if necessary, "I do not believe personally we would help the Congolese people by actions in which Africans kill Africans or Congolese kill Congo- lese," he declared. "That will be my guiding prin- ciple in the future." Desires Reflected Hammarskjold's desires were re- flected in a Tunisian-Ceylonese resolution that called on Belgian troops to withdraw its forces from Katanga. It contained assurances that the UN forces had no inten- tion to interfere in the Congo's internal affairs The Soviet resolution gave Hammarskjold only three days to act and report back to the coun- cil. Kuznetsov introduced the reso- lution in the council at the end of a bristling speech in which he accused Belgian and its supporters of trying to strangle the newborn Congo Republic. Cites Resolutions Kuznetsov said previous council resolutions gave UN forces the right to use arms forces in moving against any obstacle to preserve order. He said if UN troops won't shoot their way into Katanga province, they should be replaced by troops that will. His resolution, however, said only that the Secretary-General should take "decisive measures, not stopping from the use of all necessary means of enforcement." Gives Support The United States gave Immed- late support to the Secretary- General's call for withdrawal of Belgian troops. Henry Cabot Lodge, chief U.S. delegate, said the time has come "for Belgian withdrawal at the earliest moment under arrange- ments to be worked out by the Secretary - General for preserva- tion of law and order." Loadge said local authorities in Katanga province would have no grounds for objection to entry of UN troops, as demanded by Ham- marskjold, once the council has given assurance that the UN troops are there only to preserve law and order. Immediate Response Tunisia and Ceylon responded immediately, with a resolution to carry out the main points of his demands. Diplomatic sources said the So- viet Union and -African nations agreed to go along. Belgium's foreign minister Pierre Wigny told the council his coun- try's forces would be ready to quit Katanga as soon as there was assurance 20,000 Belgian nationals there would have protection and safety. Engle To Oppose Action In Senate on Antarctica WASHINGTON (P)-Sen. Clair Engle (D-Calif.) said last night he will try to block Senate action on the 12-nation Antarctic treaty until next years., Then, he told the Senate, a new president and new secretaries of state and defense can review the document "in the light of the best interests of the United States," The Californian assailed the treaty, in a speech to a virtually deserted Senate chamber, as posing what he called a Soviet threat to the security of the United States ' "70 -M 4- C 1 and'other free world nations. ader was by unanimous vote, e absence of 21 members of pposition Cartel party, which )oycotted the Assembly. ombe's election as head of is significant in that it prob- clears the way for his right man, Godefroid Munongo, ter of the interior, to become er of this rich, secessionist ice. Tshombe now holds posts. s not yet known what added! a he gets as head of state. ombe told a news confer- he has cabled Dag Hammar- that Premier Patrice Lu- a of the Congo is ruling ut parliamentary support. rimba recessed the Congo ,ment two weeks ago, before sit to the United States. ombe said his cable to the cretary general also claimed Ln inaAarcin f+rppnf th+e- Workshop Offers Journalism P A U " IT gu111&C By MICHAEL BURNS Over 100 high school students have been testing their "noses for news" at the high school jour- nalism workshop this summer, The workshop offers courses in both yearbook and newspaper production which include writing, photography, layout and business management and is sponsored by the Journalism department. The purpose of the workshop is "to provide a background of journalism fundamentals which the student can apply to school journalism work." Prof .T Jnh n 'courses and felt the workshop pro- vided additional practice and new ideas on publication organization. Others,. who had not t a k e n courses, felt the program provided them with some of the necessary basics. "I found out my paper was doing things all wrong," many a workshopper sighed, as the stu- dents learned new I d e a s and journalistic principles. The summer faculty of the jour- nalism department assists with lectures on phases of publica- tions. John McNamara of Osborn Mah RPann3 narn ha - - product has betn excellent," refer- ring to the student program. Workshop newspapers and mini- ature yearbooks have been printed in some years, but Prof. Field believes the amount of time spent on these projects is not compen- surate with its value. Three news- papers will be published this year. There will be no yearbook. Yearbook sections are designed to help participants plan their own pages for fall. Newspaper staffers, who outnumber yearbook editors by 2-1, get practice in writing lectures and interviews and composing editorials. Asks Ratification President Eisenhower, in asking, Senate ratification of the- docu- ment, called it "a significant ad- vance toward the goal of a peace- ful world with justice." Sen. Mike Mansfield (D-Mont.), the assistant majority leader, said the treaty would be 'a positive contribution to peace--a genuine step forward" and voiced confi- dence of the necessary two-thirds majority for ratification. But with Sens. Richard B. Rus- sell (D-Ga.), chairman of the Sen- ate Armed Services Committee, Thomas J. Dodd (D-Conn.) and Ernest Gruening (D-Alaska) ex- pected to be heard in opposition, .: r .' '".: :. G { 4. }F..:mss:{,t .SX.f:::.} .. ....:. ...... :..: :;r;?:?.{*,":. ri"S' i ' .