INEFFECTUAL CONSERVATISM See Page 2 Y Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom 4 4I CLOUDY, SHOWERS Nigh-86 Low--64 Thundershowers this morning, Sunday fair. kLXXNo.2 8 aivAR AIWRd MTfR1f AM ArTTR-b ky? v n7 .IA - W 6 36AM6$ ,. IWOK7 £I°AILY VALSJM1r VLAUJUXARIN, ATI JLJDb , .J UL~X .3, 1060U FJIE fCENTS' lVdVT M " A A- I~ a a' iy .my wlY- 1. -.. . - --VO FUR Pa 1 'A I'~ ar MT L b Af 1 /"T 7_a!1 -Jr Yrin f'f" 'A T 1 Congo Problem Gea FEOPOLVILLE (JP-The United ions has the sickest nation it r ever nursed on its hands:: t a month old, the Congo is g a crisis which, without pt remedial action, could e it permanently or even out the remaining signs of Born with proper prenatal care and abandoned by its sponsors after great provocation, it can only survive and prosper through a massive effort by the UN or indi- vidual countries. The crisis will be reached in August. The Congo was a Belgian colony + which lived richly on cheap Afri-' can labor, Belgian brains and money, vast mineral resources and: reat coffee, palm oil and rubber plantations. The Belgian know-how has now largely disappeared because of the panic that followed the crude at-: tempts of the Congolese to assert their new authority. More than 60 per cent of the country's revenue came from the copper mining province of Katan- Fxp losio Sets Back Spacemen! CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. ()- America's astronauts suffered a Jolting setback in the man-in- space race with Russia yesterday when a giant Atlas missile ex- ploded 65 seconds after blastoff during a crucial heat re-entry test of the project Mercury capsule. The seven astronauts, watching from an underground bunker near the launching pad, saw the 80- foot Atlas take off in a driving rainstorm and head down the At- lantic missile range in what seemed like a successful liftoff. Lose Contact Little more than a minute later, radio contact with the huge rocket was lost. Almost simultaneously, residents a few miles south of the Cape heard a great roar in the skies as the missile disinte- grated. The explosion, which oc- curred at an altitude of about 25 miles, was obscured from the ground by low-hanging clouds. Navy search ships immediately began scouring the fog-cloaked waters over an area 4 to 12 miles south of the launching pad in the hope of recovering remnants of the multi - million - dollar Atlas booster and possibly the capsule. Officials of the National Aero- nautics and Space Administration Rhee Foe In Bloody BOLIVIA CRITICIZES CASTRO OAS Plans Meeting on Cuba Wins I Korea c WASHINGTON W ) -Bolivia expressed ' regret yesterday for burning United States flags by followers of Fidel Castro in La Paz-and thus became the 19th of 20 Latin American countries to rap the Cuban leader in one way or another. This underscoring of Castro's troubles among his neighbors came as the organization of American States (OAS) set for Aug. 16. A meeting of foreign ministers to consider hemispher- ic problems, including the rela- tions between Cuba and the So- viet Union. Word that the foreign minist- ers would consider strengthening of hemispheric solidarity "against threats of extra-continental in- tervention" brought a bitter blast from Cuba. Cuban Retort Carlos Lechruga, Cuban ambas- -ador to the OAS, told the 21-na- tion, group that Cuba, not the 1 -A Wirephoto MASSACHUSETTS, MEETING-Sen. John Kennedy will meet with his Democratic running mate, Texas Senator Lyndon Johnson today at Kennedy's Hyannis Port, Mass., home. Here he talks with National Chairman Sen. Henry Jackson of Wash- ington. NIx n for Security, Ag a t CHICAGO (,)-Vice-President Richard M. Nixon threw into his presidential campaign yesterday a declaration against tax boosts, hedged by a firm pronouncement that national security "must and will come first." Nixon tossed in a strictly unqualified statement on religion as an issue in a campaign in which he is prepared to play the underdog role to the hilt. "I shall never talk about it," he said, "and I shall start right no., At his first news conference in the role of the Republican presi- dential nominee, Nixon said religion will be brought into the campaign only to the extent the candidates<' (NASA) said they believed the Soviet Union, is the real target. capsule itself was still intact when He coupled this claim with a it plunged into the sea, although slashing attack on the United the Atlas booster was blown to States. bits. About 32 minutes of signals! Lechuga said the OAS charter were received back from the space has been "infringed, profaned and cabin, indicating it floated for a broken" by the United States. And brief period before sinking. he, charged the ministers' meet- ing was engineered by the United Cause Unknown States to isolate Cuba economical- PATRICE LUMUMBA ...sees Belgian withdrawal ga, which now wants to be inde- pendent or at least reduce the cut of the central government on its profits. This year's budget for the Con-' go amounted to 290 million dol- lars. Of this amount the Katanga was to provide 170 million dollars. Under the Belgians, the Katanga met its expenses out of the huge tax revenues from the mining companies principally the Great Union Miniere combine and turned the surplus over to the central government. Moise Tshombe, Premier of Ka- tanga Province after being re- jected by the United Nations on his demand for independence, now almost certainly will try to win a larger share of the rich mining revenues of Katanga. This would put the central gov- ernment in immense difficulties, particularly with the flight of some Belgian capital and the un- derstandable reluctance of other' foreign investors to sink money into such a questionable new state. Minerals normally provide 57 per cent of the Congo's export reve- nue. Agricultural products 43 per, cent. Unless the Katanga crisis is re- solved quickly a financial collapse is almost certain, in the view of economists here. The transfers from Katanga were made monthly in the past and there is no sign yet of any payment. The only hope is that some workable relationship with Bel- gium can be reestablished soon and the two countries can work out a formula for settlement of the Katanga question.. bring it in. Thus he was saying in effect that if the issue is injected, it will be done by his Democratic rival, Sen. John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts. Nixon Is a Quaker. Kennedy is a Roman Catholic - the second' man of his faith to be nominated for the White House in the history of the nation. The first one, Dem- ocrat Al Smith, lost in 1928. Standing before several hundred newsmen, Nixon was asked what sacrifices might be required of the American people, as he suggested in his speech Thursday night ac- cepting the GOP nomination. No Tax Raise "I do not see at this time," Nixon replied, "any programs that would make it necessary to raise taxes." But he went on to say that if Russia raises increased threats or world circumstances change sub- stantially, the next President might have to ask for higher spending and higher taxes. Again he repeated that he sees no need for such increases at the moment. "But I want to make it clear," he said, "that national security considerations must and will come first in the next administration if I have anything to do with it." The Vice-President is saying over and over that he is going to put on the hardest campaign the country ever has seen, carrying it into every state. ]De mocratic Candidates To Confer HYANNIS PORT. Mass. 4 -' Sen. Lyndon B. Johnson beset by bad weather, arrived on Cape Cod by plane last night for a cam- paign strategy conference with Sen. John F. Kennedy, the demo- cratic presidential nominee. A chartered plane bringing the Texas candidate for Vice-Presi- dent set down at Otis Air Force Base near Falmouth, Mass., after a profusion of reports about where it would land. The plane originally was scheduled to land at Hyannis, then was re-routed to Otis, then to Boston and finally back to Otis. Kennedy had intended to drive out to Hyannis Airport to meet Johnson, but dropped that plan as the hours of indecision went by as to where Johnson would land. The meeting between Kennedy and Johnson was their first since they were nominated at Los An- geles two weeks ago. Johnson flew to Cape Cod with a party of about 40, including his wife, Lady Bird, staff members and newsmen. The Senate Majority Leader stopped off at Kansas City en route from Texas to visit former President Harry S. Truman. Prior to his arrival, Johnson was given accolades by both Ken- nedy and Frank D. Reeves, a Negro, who is Democratic Na- tional Committeeman from Washington, D. C. To a news conference question whether Johnson would hurt the Democratic ticket in Negro areas of the North, Reeves said: "Johnson won't hurt the ticket; he will strengthen the ticket." He said that it was under John- son's leadership that Congress The cause of the mishap, which may delay the Mercury program for weeks, was unknown hours after the launching. Air Force Col. Paul Wignall, it top project officer, told newsmen: "Something catastrophic - per- haps an explosion or structural. disintegration - occurred which terminated the test." It was learned later there had been an explosion. The shot, using the first pro- duction-line Mercury capsule, was designed to subject the man-in- space vehicle to severe heating conditions, more intense than ' would occur in an actual return, from orbiting the earth. If the test had been successful, and the one-ton capsule had been recovered unscathed after passing through the heat barrier, it would have moved the astronaut's D- Day considerably ahead. NASA JPlans Space Trip WASHINGTON W)-The Space Agency disclosed plans to launch three-man project Apollo space crews by 1966 into Earth-orbit journeys lasting from two weeks to two months. Even more ambitiously, a lighter weight version of the same Apollo spacecraft somewhat later may be sent on a week-long assignment around the moon and back. But there's no plan for a man-N on-the-moon project before 1970. The National Aeroanutics and Space Administration also plans to land a truck-mounted robot lab- oratory gently on the face of the moon, and move it by remote con- trol about a 50-mile radius lunar circle, taking the moon samples.a It will be aptly named Project Prospector. ly and politically. Nasser Raps Iran's Stand CAIRO, Egypt (1) - President Gamal Abdel Nasser has demanded that the Arab states stand up and be counted on their attitude to- ward Iran in the light of that Moslem nation's continued recog- nition of Israel. Last week Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlevi said Iran's recogni- tion of Israel still stands. En- raged, Nasser responded with a personal campaign against the Shah. He is pressing other Arab states to follow suit, but so far none has done so. The Arab nations still consider themselves at war with Israel. Iran, a Moslem but not an Arab nation, does not. It recognized Israel 10 years ago but has not had a representative in Tel Aviv since 1957. Iranian officials said the Shah's statement represented no change whatsoever in their country's policy toward Israel. They said they were mystified at Nasser's anger. The National Assembly of Nas- ser's United Aran Republic has adopted a resolution urging other Arab states to follow Cairo's lead in breaking diplomatic, economic and cultural relations with Iran. Moslem preachers in Cairo mos- ques denounced the Shah as a traitor to Islam at sabbath prayers yesterday. Worshippers were asked to raise their hands to heaven and chant slogans against the Shah. The UAR has also asked other member nations of the Arab League to withdraw their support of Iran for UN posts, particularly the food and agriculture organiza- tion. Before taking up the question of Soviet threats to intervene if the United States should attack Cuba, the foreign ministers will consider Venezuelan charges that the Dominican Republic has been plotting against Venezuela and even sponsored an attempt to assassinate President Romulo Bet- ancourt. The Aug. 16 meeting is set for San Jose, Costa Rica. In expressing its official regret, Bolivia called the July 26 flag- burning art outrage and not rep- resentative of the feeling of the Bolivian people. New Secretary In Denver, a new assistant sec- retary of state for Latin American affairs was chosen yesterday by President Dwight D. Eisenhower. OFFER PROOF: Exp los ive Seen Cause Olf Crash WASHINGTON (ai-inal proof that a bamb blasted heavily-in- sured Julian A. Prank and 33 fel- low airline passengers to death was reported yesterday to the Civil Aeronautics Board. But the mystery of the explosion In the sky remained unsolved- with nearly a million dollars at stake. The CAB's summation of its six-months inquiry into the Jan. 6 crash of a National Airlines plane near Bolivia, N.C., made no attempt to fix responsibility for the explosion. Progress Unknown And the FBI, which has been handed the Job of trying to find out who triggered the dynamite bomb that knocked the DC6 air- liner from the skies refused to say how its investigation is going. Four of the insurance compan- ies with whom Pranks took out policies totaling $907,500 have contended the 32-year-old New York attorney committed suicide -at the price of 33 other lives. They've asked the courts to rule that they don't have to pay the insurance. I But Prank's young widow, blonde model Janet Wagner rank says she's positive her wealthy husband was either the innocent victim of the explosion or the tar- get of a monstrous, mysterious murder plot. Place Bomb The CAB reports places the bomb explosion in the immediate vicinity of Prank's seat on the New York-Miami airliner and says he was close to the ripping blast that tore the plane apart. Frank's body was found along the North Carolina. seashore 16 miles from the maJor crash area and the bodies of the other vic- tims. It was riddled with tiny metal fragments and showed in-1 Juries that medical experts associ- ate with explosive blasts. He also reaffirmed United States policy of repelling any outside in- tervention in the Western Hemis- phere. Eisenhower picked career diplo- mat Thomas C. Mann to replace Roy R. Rubottom, also a career man in the foreign service, as chief of the State Department's Latin American division. Mann now is assistant secretary for eco- nomic affairs. Rubottom, as had been fore- cast, becomes Ambassador to Ar- gentina. In announucing the shift, White House Press Secretary James C. Hagerty said Eisenhower wanted it known that it reflects no United States change in policy towad south-of-the-boarder nations. Castro Worries Against this background of mounting worries for Castro, Lat- in American experts ticked off this partial nation-by-nation list of recent incidents: Brazil-Declared unwelcome a Cuban embassy official on the charge he tried to stir up trouble in Brazil through agitation among Communists. Chile-Detained a Cuban air- craft and seized Communist and anti- Chilean propaganda for- warded from Havana with earth- quake relief packages. Rockefeller Looks Ahead1 CHICAGO ({)-His own politi- cal future is uncertain, Gov. Nel- son A. Rockefeller said yesterday, but he would not rule out the possibility he might run for re- election as Governor of New York. Neither would he foreclose the possibility he might accept a cabi- net post if Vice-President Richard M. Nixon is elected President in November. Asked about the cabinet job,: Rockefeller said only that he did not believe a presidential candi- date should run "encumbered by political deals." Rockefeller said his most im- mediate concern is carrying New York state for the Republican Party in the November elections. The Governor, looking tired, commented at a convention-review news conference before heading back to New York. He postponed his departure three hours to attend a luncheon that Nixon gave for Republican governors. When asked about his own poli- tical plans, Rockefeller said "I don't like to cross bridges before I come to them." His present term expires in December 1962. The Governor looked back on his role in the GOP National Con- vention, which ended last night after nominating Nixon and UN Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge as its presidential and vice-pregi- dential candidates. Rockefeller had a strong voice in shaping the party platform. He provided suspense by withholding an endorsement of Nixon until the day before the balloting. ection. Voting 'Chang Party .'-ae 1 Takes 17 House Seats Ex-Vice-President Leads Democrats To Solid Victory SEOUL, South Korea (M)-John M. Chang's Democratic Party, long the underdog foe of ousted former President Syngman Rhee, won 'South Korea's post -revolutionary election in returns yesterday. Fighting, ballot box burning and kidnaping marred the counting in Thursday's voting as incomplete but conclusive returns gave the moderately inclined Democrats a ' solid victory which they claimed would turn into a landslide. The returns from 166 districts showed the Democrats had won at least 120 seats In the new House of Representatives - topping the 117 needed for a majority in the 133-seat chamber. Chang, leader of the Democrats and a former vice-president, easily won his own seat from a Seoul district. The Democrats took .15 and possibly 16 contests in the capital. New Makeup The election determines the makeup of a national assembly that is to choose a new president and Premier. At stake were 233 seats of the dominant lower house and the 58 seats of the upper house, which was brought into be- ing during Rhee's rule. Just as the Communist-threat- ened nation was rejoicing at the unprecedented calm and freedom in which about 92 million people voted Thursday, at least five at- tacks were staged by students and others angry either at the conduct of the voting or early results. Ballot boxes were burned, sores of ballots torn up, more than 40 policemen injured and homes of two candidates attacked. The in- cidents erupted in the Pusan- Masan area, 300 miles south of Seoul, at Kimchon near Taegu, and at Yungyang, 140 miles south- east of Seoul. Dispatches said backers of los- ing candidates at Kimchon de- stroyed ballots, beat police and stoned the home of the apparent winner. It was long after midnight when they dispersed. Ballots Burned A number of ballot boxes were reported burned by scores of un- identified youths who broke into the Yungyang counting station. Counting was suspended tempo- rarily at Milyang, 30 miles north of Pusan, when 20 youths entered the counting station and burned four ballot boxes to protest al- leged fraud by a Democrat leading in the race. Angry mobs seized and burned ballot boxes and attacked a candi date's home in two fiareups in t* Pusan-Masan area, 300 miles south of Seoul. Police quelled one of the dis- turbances at Pusan and located a missing candidate, who earlier had been feared kidnaped. Tension continued at Sam Chon Po, 30 miles west of Masan, where 40 police were injured in rioting and ballot burning which erupted when a candidate labeled by crowds as pro-Thhee took an early lead. The expected Democratic. vic- tory foreshadowed adjustment of the financial and military ar- rangements long existing between the United States and the Rhee regime in holding the line against Communism. They Democrats' key campaign promise was a gradual cut of up to one-third of South Korea's 600,000-man armed forces. J.S. Offers Who Wins in Windy Tilt on Water? id to Congo VASHINGTON W)--The United tes promised economic aid for Congo yesterday but adopted lands-off attitude toward Pre- r Patrice Lumumba's fight to p mineral-rich Katanga Prov- e from seceding. eering a cautious middle course, State Department mixed kind ds for the visiting Congolese ler with applause for the Bel- l government he has denounced an aggressor against his riot- . .~rr t s:i r Rest on Sunday He did say that he won't be campaigning on Sundays. This is the schedule immediately ahead: An all-day conference here to- day with party leaders of farm states. Nixon said that: "In the farm belt we have suffered great erosion." The GOP, he said, has "a fighting chance" to recapture control of the House -- not the Senate - but will have to make vains in frm states. Tndav's .ss- Things can be difficult if the ex-commadore Fred Rotz dails to right this jet 14.1 The question now is whether to stand on the centerboard or re- member the old rule of one hand for the boat and one hand for thej sailor.I Air or no wind at all, these sail- ors are out on Baseline lake im- bibing the wind and water in a unique combination, that of work- ing with the natural opponent. Fred is one of the "engineers that made good" in that he learned to sail at the sailing club and ended Koreans Sink Patrol Shi SEOULT South Korea f - i s sail at th sailing lub and eded 1 -s'