0 Alrthigan Bail Seventieth Year .- m EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSIrY OF MICHIGAN Wihen Opinions Are Frei UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Truth Will Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. "But I Gave Him His Independence, Didn't I?" :..+rr' -. DREW PEARSON: Democrats Gather A n-Nion mmn ion CHICAGO-On the eve of the Republican convention it's important to report the ammunition which the Democrats have gathered against the front-running GOP candidate, Richard M. Nixon. Here is some of it: Intervention in Cuba-With Cuba now in the headlines, the Demo- crats have unearthed the interesting fact that Nixon wrote a letter to the American ambassador in Havana .asking his intervention on be- half of Dana Smith of Los Angeles, who had incurred a $4,200 gambling debt at the Sans Souci Casino and welched on it. Smith made out a Y, JULY 27, 1960 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL BURNS Diversity in Classroom Poses Problem for Teachers IT WAS' FASCINATING to observe Robert Freier teach his demonstration class in high school English Monday, and realize he was using the same general methods each Univer- sity student experienced while in high schoolsi a few years back. The effect of feeling somehow kin to the high school seniors-only a few years younger, after all-and yet seeing the class procede as a carefully planned and guided series of steps designed to stimulate interest in and facilitate awareness of literary techniques, was in itself educational, In high school one tends to evaluate teach- ers according to criteria stemming from atti- tudes peculiar to people of that particular age group-hard or easy, boring or interesting, fair or unfair. Later on, as the feeling of identification with fellow students decreases and appreciation of the instructor's standpoint improves, such judgements accordingly change, to the extent that the observer learns about the teacher's craft. Whether the two evalua- tions-the teacher's and the student's-signifi- cantly coincide, or should, is a question worth asking, SEVERAL PROBLEMS and alternatives that face the high school teacher were apparent in Monday's session, the central one being "What should be the purpose the teacher keeps ir mind?" He has an almost frightening num- ber of choices, from "life adjustment" to em- phasis on mastery of bare facts and techniques. Frier's list of what a teacher may "expect to accomplish through the teaching of a short story" limits itself to neither of these extremes. It includes development of literary background, social understanding, pyschological insights, provision of pleasure, and relation of the selec- tion to the student's own life. He seemed to consider the first of these also to be first in importance, and the others re- lated or subordinate to it. With this it is easy to agree. However, at what point should this technique of coaxing students' enthusiasm be limited, lest it distort the scholarly aspects of the schoolroom program? "IF WE GET THE STUDENT to read trash, that is better than his not reading at all," Freier said. This seems to be a rather extreme expression of the pragmatic attitude, and per- haps a pessimistic one. But one must remem- ber that in many communities the English teacher is lucky if two-thirds of his class read even trash. One must start somewhere. The problem of the public school teacher is, as Freier pointed out, many times worse in this respect than that of the college professor, who usually assumes a fairly high level of intelli- gence and interest among his students is the rule rather than the exception. The high school teacher must work much harder for class at- tention, which is requisite to any sort of learning. HIS TASK OFTEN must be impossible. There are always the children who will not and cannot wrestle with something for which their background has neither prepared nor moti- vated them. English is even worse off than other subjects; the attraction of status and income inherent in more practical subjects, such as science and mathematics, is virtually absent. Europeans realize this, for the most part, and, rather than neglect the intellectuals or bore the others, they realistically separate the. two groups quite early in the training process. In this way academically inclined children re- ceive the benefits of individual attention and the tradesmen and craftsmen are diverted to channels of employment or more practical training. THE UNITED STATES at the present time is seeking to offset the influence of "demo- cratic" educational philosophy, with its uni- versal emphasis on "life adjustment" in the classroom. The really difficult problem is how to retain the many advantages such a system has for the average citizen, while restoring the streamlined, scholarly program needed by the few, and at the same time combining certain corollaries of both. Until such a time as this extremely difficult step is taken, competent teachers like Freier will be hampered by the sometimes contra- dicting needs represented in their classrooms. -ANDREW HAWLEY check to Norman Rothman, owner stopped payment on{ the check. Rothman sued to collect. Nixon wrote a letter to Ambas- sador Willard Peaulac asking his help regarding somethiig no American ambassador should con- Vern himself with-a gambling debt. SIGNIFICANTLY, Dana Smith is the man who collected the $18,- 000 personal expense fund for Nixon. Democrats will point out that Nixon has always stated he never did any favors for those who contributed to his fund. They will also argue that if the Ameri- can ambassador had concentrated on watching Cuban political trends instead of being asked to bother with Nixon's friend's gambling debts, we might not be in our present mess in Cuba. Civil rights-One of the most important issues in the coming 'campaign will be civil rights. Nix- on has posed as the great cham- pion of the Negro and of civil rights. Yet Democrats have dug up the fact that while Nixon was in the Senate, he was one of only three senators who voted to keep the civil rights bill bottled up in the labor committee. Votes on anti - Communism - Nixon's votes on combatting the power of Soviet Communism are interesting. The record shows that as a congressman, he voted against the first aid-to-Korea bill aimed to strengthen that country shortly before the Communist at- tack; also voted to cut the 1949 military aid to western Europe in half at a very crucial time in the European battle against Commu- nism. Nixon's votes were the same as those of pro-Communist Con- gressman Marcantonio. Yet in Nixon's 1950 Senate campaign against Mrs. Helen Gahagan Douglas he circulated a "pink sheet" branding Mrs. Douglas as a pink by linking her with Mar- cantonlo. Ex-bootlegger passenger-Dem- ocrats have unearthed the fact that Nixon took with him on his special government plane to Mos- cow last year an ex-bootlegger, Frank Vitale, now one of the beer barons of Southern California. of the Sans Souci, for $4,200, then DAILY OFFICIAl BULLETIN The Daily Official Bulletin is an official publication of The Univer- sity of Michigan for which The Michigan Daily assumes no edi- torial responsibility: Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3519 Administration Build- ing, before 2 p.m. two days preced- ing publication. WEDNESDAY, JULY 27, 1960 VOL. LXX, NO. 265 General Notices Applications for The University of Michigan Sponsored Research Fellow- ships to be awarded for the fall semes- ter, 1960-61, are now being accepted in the office of the Graduate School. The stipend is $1,125 plus tuition per se- mester. Application forms are available from the Graduate School. Only ap- plicants who have been employed on sponsored research for at least one year on at least a half time basis are eligible and preference will be given to ap- plicants who have completed the equiv- alent of at least one full semester ,of graduate work at the time of applica- tion. Applications and supporting mna- terial are due in the office of the Gradu- a'te School not later than 4:00 p.m., Fri., Aug. 19. The' Masters )breakfast will be held at 9:00 a.m. Sun., July 31, in the Mieh- igan Union Ballroom. Candidates who wish to attend and who have not picked up their tickets should do so before 4:00 p.m., Fri., July 29. Room 4507 Admin. Bldg. Attention Korean Veterans: Students drawing benefits under Public Laws 550 and 634 and enrolled in 6-week courses only, may signsthe monthly certification (IBM card) on Thurs., or Fri., July 28, 29, in the Office of Vet- erans' Affairs, 142 Admin. Bldg. Stu- dents leaving Ann Arbor are urged to sign before departure. Tonight, 8:00 Lydia Mendelssohn The- atre: William Inge's "Picnic." Box of- fice open from 10 a.m. Tickets also available at the box office for "Don Giocanni," to be presented Wednesday through Saturday next week, and Mon- day, Aug. 8. Tickets for Wed., Thurs., and Mon. performances $1.75 and 1.25; for Friday and Satulday performances 2.00 and 1.50. For further information call box office at NO 8-6300. (Telephone reservations not accepted.)." Student Recital Cancelled: william Eif rig, organist, has cancelled his re- cital for Wed., July 27, at 8:30 p.m. in Hill Aud. (Continued on Page 3) TRIUMPHANT RETURN: Chicago Welcomes Ike MAX LERNER F ! The Third-Party Man WAS THERE EVER a man so exasperating? He won't cooperate with the ruling Repub- licans and he won't go over to the hungry Democrats. He won't compromise on his views for the Republican platform, but opce his party and its Presidential candidate adopt them he won't run for Vice-President as the party stal- warts now wish. He won't make a race for the Presidency, but he won't withdraw his name. He is a millionaire whom labor and the poor want to see in the White House, an aristocrat whom the lowly Negroes want, a Republican whom the liberals want, a man of action whom the intellectuals want, a man who asks for an increase in the arms program yet whom the peace internationalists want. He doesn't play the political game according to any of the rules that have been known to work. Although from New York he is more of a maverick than any Texan unbranded steer. He has had a glittering personal triumph in Nix- on's acceptance of his platform, but he must know he is isolated in his own party Yet, curiously, he has discovered the truth of what a Norwegian playwright said in the clos- ing line of a play-that he is strongest in the world who stands most alone. Ibsen put the line into the mouth of a man who was called "An Enemy of the People" after he had been stoned for daring to speak a truth which the vested interests in the town thought dangerous. Rockefeller has been a loner, stoned by the Republican stalwarts, even called a "traitor" and a "coward" by some of his eager-beaver party comrades anxious to show their loyalty to Nixon and the ruling powers. Some of these same men are now praising and courting him, hoping that he will consent to take second place on the ticket. And Richard Nixon? Consider the spectacle of the man who is presumably the choice of 75 x3er cent of the Republicans, who has the Presidential nomina- tion sewed up, who is surrounded by the co- horts of his supporters and sycophants ready to place on his head the glittering crown of the nomination-consider, I say, the spectacle of this proud man, often cast into spells of melan- choly, coming to New York in what must have been a humiliating surrender to the man no Republican delegates wanted. THIS IS WHAT I like about history and how it breaks. Not that I ever expected the mir- acle of Rockefeller's nomination to the Presi- dency any more than I expected the miracle of Stevenson's nomination at Los Angeles. Yet much of Kennedy's chance of being elected now depends on his wooing of Stevenson and his ability to bring back the Stevenson supporters in November. And much of Nixon's chance of being elected depends on his wooing of Rocke- feller and his ability to bring back the Rocke- feller supporters in November. There is one big difference, however, be- tween Stevenson and Rockefeller. Stevenson is through, while Rockefeller still has some sort of appointment with destiny ahead of him. Stevenson's support was mainly among the Democrats. Rockefeller's is drawn from both parties, but mainly from people who are not committed to either. Curiously, Rockefeller forms a kind of third party in and by himself. He is a symbol of the great revolt of independ- ents in American politics. That is why he is being wooed so desperately by Nixon. At first Nixon wanted to seduce him into the Vice-Presidency. When that didn't work, he made the journey to Canossa, with ashes in his hair, swallowing the Rockefeller platform as a penance. His mission was clear. He wanted Rockefeller to bail out the sinking Republican ship carrying Nixon and his politi- cal fortunes. WILL IT WORK? Will Nixon, who has much of Machiavelli's fox in him if not very much of his lion, be able to turn the tables and-- after two years of lethal enmity to Rockefeller --succeed in getting whis whole-hearted sup- port? Will the Rockefeller supporters be manip- ulated into believing that the writing of his views into the platform constitutes a conver- sion of Nixon to his views? I think not. If we needed any proof of Nixon's opportunist quality, which he has shown again and again, it is now furnished by this episode of the eight-hour platform dinner when Nixon ate not only the food offered to him but the plat- form as well. Here is evidence of the use of the platform as a tool of political bargaining. If Nixon had felt it necessary to win over Barry Goldwater and not Nelson Rockefeller, he would have eaten a Goldwater platform as easily as the Rockefeller brand. Rockefeller must know this, and his follow- ers, too. Rockefeller has all along believed that By ARTHUR EDSON Associated Press Correspondent CHICAGO-The old champ, who soon will retire unbeaten, came back to the scene of his most memorable political triumph yes- terday for a wild and rousing wel- come. Dwight D. Eisenhower rode CONVENTION: GOP Split Hidden By JOHN WEIIER wily Gest Writer CHICAGO -- The Republican Party is in the midst of a big- ger fight than the Democrats had at Los Angeles, but it will never come to the surface. The party has united on its candidate and its platform, and the chances of a floor fight of any kind, or a minority report of any kind, are very slim in today's session. Yet, underneath it all, a strug- gle is being waged which is per- sonified by the three Republican figures of Vice-President Richard Nixon, Gov. Nelson Rockefeller of New York and Sen. Barry Gold- water of Arizona. * * * THERE WAS NO question after yesterday that Vice-President Nix- on would not receive the nomina- tion by acclamation without, in all probability, the formality of a ballot. Gov. Rockefeller took him- self out of all further considera- tion and Sen. Goldwater, who Monday night stated that he would run if Rockefeller ran, is ex- pected this morning to announce that he will not permit his name to be placed in nomination. Goldwater is still toying with the idea of attempting to muster a show of conservative strength, buthtoo many of his conservative supporters are already committed to Nixon by primary balloting and convention rulings. * * * A BIGGER surprise yesterday was the suggestion by state chair- man Wirt Yerger of Mississippi that the South will not attempt to wage anykind of a floor fight against the strong civil rights plank which is coming out of the platform committee. Mississippi has been one of the focal points of conservative Re- publican resistance to the Nixon- Rockefeller 14-point accord of last weekend. Y e r g e r's statement seemed to indicate that all other Southern delegations would fol- low suit with the most possible ex- ception of South Carolina. So, tonight, all will be harmony on. the surface of the Republican convention, barring a last-min- ute change of heart by either Goldwater or Rockefeller. How- ever, underneath all the conven- tion's smothness and clockwork, the battle is going on between the forces of Gov. Rockefeller and Sen Goldaoter for contolo nf th through streets so crowded his motorcade has trouble forcing its way through.. Confetti poured down upon him. The crowds-police said' a mil- lian were out-waved and cheered. And Eisenhower loved it. * * * CHICAGO must have a special spot in the heart of Dwight Eisen- hower. For it was here eight years ago that he came to another warm welcome-and stayed on to win a dramatic victory over Sen. Robert A. Taft of Ohio for the Repbllan nomination as President of the United States. Yesterday's greetings were not so wild as in 1952, but they seemed more affectionate. All along the route there were signs saying, "Thank You Ike," and "We Like Ike." It was raining yesterday morn- ing, and Eisenhower had to delay his flight from the summer White House in Newport, R.I. l But once again Eisenhower's luck held out. It has become a tradition that the weather clears when Eisenhower arrives, and it did. HE LIT IN BRILLIANT sunshine at O'Hare Airport. He and Mrs. Eisenhower then flew by helicopter to Meigs Field on the lakefront. But he was delayed long past the noon hour--politicians love to parade then since it means work- ers trying to get to lunch are trapped and become part of a captive audience-and the start of his parade was disappointing. At one point the crowds were so small that three boys on bi- cycles had a fine time pedalling along with the Presidential car, getting a splendid view of the President and his wife, who were in separate autos. But once Eisenhower headed west for the return trip downtown, the crowds picked up. * * * SO MANY NURSES turned out at the Chicago Wesley Memorial Hospital that this must have been a bad day to have been a patient there. Steadily the crowds increased. And as the crowds grew larger, so did the enthusiasm. As on all occasions like this, the rival camp got in a few punches. "We're 4 Kennedy," said one sign, held by an enthusiastic young lady admirer of Sen. John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts. And another merely asked, "Golf Anyone?" One sign was funny without meaning to be. "Thank You Ike," it said, and beneath was this: "Clearance Sale." AS YOU RODE AROUND-the press here rides in yellow school buses-you couldn't help but think back to 1952, when all this began. On July 5, 1952, Eisenhower came by special train into the North Western railway station here. And all was bedlam. Bands blared. Campaign slogans were flying everywhere. His backers squawked so loud, "We Want Ike," that when Eisen- hower finally said a few words nobody could make heads or tails of it. Well, he went on to win it all, and possibly the most surprising thing as his two terms in office are almost finished is that he con- tinues to retain his immense per- sonal popularity. * * * BUT IT'S THE small thing that sticks in one's mind. Yesterday, for example, most signs bore the unmistakable touch of a professional paint. But at one spot three children were lined up in a row, each hold- ing his or her own sign. There was "We." There was "Like." And there was "Ike." It was a nice small touch to a nice big welcome. GOP Cabinet.*. To the Editor: IF I MAY BE presumptuous, I would like to add a suggestion to the thought of a Goldwater- Lodge Republican ticket. To com- plete this uniquely capable team, I would like to make some nomi- nations for the Cabinet positions: Secretary of State: Dr. Thomas Dooley, a young, energetic man who knows the foreign scene well and has made many friends for America in the lands abroad. Attorney General: Thomas Dew- ey, a graduate of our own Uni- versity, who is thusly a well-train- ed lawyer. A profound thinker and experienced administrator, dov. Dewey has served his country and his party well for many years. Secretary of Commerce: Her- bert Hoover, a man who has oc- cupied the most powerful seat in our country. Although many thought he was a failure, people have forgotten his actions and revere him as wise administrator and advisor. Secretary of Labor: Richard Nixon, a young man tough enough To The&Edior to deal with those pug-nosed mob- ster unionists. His success in solv- ing the steel strike single handedly reveals his ability. Secretaryof Agriculture: John Steinbeck. -Henry Brewster, '63 Nixon-Goldwater To the Editor: ALTHOUGH a Goldwater-Lodge ticket would best serve the country's needs, political reality will probpbly prevent such a stronghold of Americanism from reaching the voting public. One must turn then to a more possible political combination Nixon-Gold- water. Such a ticket would give voters the chance to bring about the continuation of peace and prosperity afforded by the Eisen- hower administration. Mr. Nixon's intimate connection with the present administration and its effective policies cause him to be viewed through the' world as the symbol for peace, as is President Eisenhower. His elec- tion would continue our process of increasing international pres- tige. On domestic issues Senator Goldwater can assure the- nation of a conservative approach to' the problems of national economy and social questions. Certainly it is no time for rash legislation in either area. Mr. Nixon's prestige and experi- ence and Senator Goldwater's de- termination to halt unrealistic social legislation would certainly serve to stabilize the nation in the critical years. --Name Withheld by Request Unscenic Posters.... To the Editor: IN A RECENT trip around Michi- gan I was appalled at the man- ner in which political candidates used public and private roadside property to nail and paste up po- litical propaganda. These selfish opportunists are ruining Michigan as a clean and beautiful vacation recreation area. We have fines for littering our highways with debris thrown from cars, Why not an equally stiff law for egotistical office seekers, whose WHEN CONGRESS RECONVENES: Civil Rights Battle Imminent By WILLIAM T. PEACOCK Associated Press News Analyst CHICAGO - It is usual for the Democrats to have a row over a civil rights plank every four years. But the subject 'seldom is spotlighted at a Republican con- vention to the extent it has been in this party conclave. Is there anything of signifi- cance, not plain to the eye, in the way attention is being riveted to civil rights here? Don't forget that Congress will be back in session next month. * * * WHATEVER the presidential candidates may say as to formal opening of their campaigns, the practical fact is that the cam- paigns are already under way. Democrat John F. Kennedy and Rnenlnblian Richard M_ Nixonn are ,NIXON AS VICE-PRESIDENT presides over the Senate. Two of its leading members are Kennedy and his Vice-Presidential running mate, Sen. Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas, the Democratic Senate leader. In the n ature of things, their every action in the reconvened session of Congress is going to be interpreted in political terms. What matters will be dealt with in the session? Some routine, others highly controversial-aid to education, minimum wage, health care for elderly citizens. And civil rights? The Democratic platform adopted in Los Angeles goes far in its promises in this field. * * * and backed by a strong and im- aginative Democratic President, prove inadequate, further powers will be sought. "We will support whatever ac- tion is necessary to eliminate literacy tests and the payment of poll taxes as requirements for voting. "A new Democratic administra- tion will also use its full powers -legal and moral-to ensure the beginnings of good faith com- pliance with the constitutional re- quirement that racial discrimina- tion be ended in public educa- tion. . ,- - IN THE RECONVENED session of Congress, the Republicans may challenge the Democrats to do something now about civil rights, spotlighted by the attention in ,c ir1 i n tttl