HARD LIE ON CSTRO Sege Page 2 Y L Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom ~ait PARTLY CLOUDY high--84 Lt W-68 Scattered thunder showers. LXX No. 258 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, JULY 23, 1960 FIVE CENTS FOUR PAG )ust Russia Aide FOres ori w vase .w. R fA1Y t Fires Sweep Western Stae 1/0, L M F el . Name Idaho Embassy Secretary Ezhov Obtained AsDi Aerial Defense Base Photographs sDisaster WASHINGTON (R-The United States yesterday expelled anther A id R egion Soviet diplomat--the 12th in 10 years-on grounds he arranged for aerial photographs of American cities and defense installations. The State Department ordered the immediate departure of Petr Two Planes Fall Y. Ezhov, Soviet Embassy Third Secretary because he "flagrantly Into Blaze, Four Die abused his diplomatic status by engaging in espionage activity." This development came on the first day in several that has not By The Assocated Press brought strongly-worded United States protests against Soviet cold President Dwight D. Eisenhower war maneuvers. yesterday proclaimed as a major Ezhov, a smooth-talking press aide, arranged for an unidentified disaster area the sections of Idaho pilot to photograph selected sites from a private plane. While under swept by fires. close FBI surveillance, Ezhow paid The Summer White House has more than $1,000, the department received reports that lightning has said, to the pilot for the systemati- caused 92 fires that are blazing L odg 11i al eria surey.over 12,700 acres of woods and The Department would not idea- fields in the worst forest fires in Dtify t e fyigparmentwouo de n 30 years for nine western states. Soviet liesy he ying orPresidential Press Secretary said name or nationality or say what he assumed there would be some action, if any, is planned against allocation of money. The normal O n Sh otin himprocedure is for the federal gov- SAuthoritative informants said ement to assess the aid needed most of the aerial photographs and then to appropriate funds for UNITED NATIONS (A-United were taken along the East Coast- relief. States Ambassador Henry Cabot some of them about the time Four Perish Lodge yesterday accused the Soviet Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrush- Four airmen perished in two Union of fabricating espionage chev was in this country on a blazing plane crashes while help- charges in connection with the goodwill visit last September. ing thousands of ground fighters ight of a United States recon- Photographs Forbidden control the inferno. naissance plane shot down by Soviet diplomats are forbidden Tragedy befell two converted Soviet fighters on July 1. to acquire such aerial photographs. 5 bombers-among many pour- He denounced the charges as Regulations forbidding this actlv- ing fire-retarding borate solution "an unconvincing though sinister ity went into effect five years ago just ahead of roaring flames. One provocation." to retaliate for similar restrictions crashed in Eastern Oregon, the! At a session of the UN Security against American diplomats in other in Southern California. Council made dramatic by the Moscow. Highly trained United States presence of the wives of two Air Forest Service experts sped by Force men aboard the plane beign Ezhov apparently carried on op- plane from the eastern, southern held as spies, Lodge made a per- erations of another Soviet diplo- and lake regions of the United sonal appeal to Soviet Deputy For- mat, Vladimir F. Glnsky, an as- States to help direct weary ground eign Minister Vasily V. Kuznetsov sistant embassy . naval attache, crews, some on the lines for a for their prompt release. who organized the project several week. Kuznetsov asked the Council to years ago. "These men are not just fire approve a resolution condemning Glinsky left for Moscow, in- fighters but trained supervisory the United States as an aggressor formants said, before his role in personnel, equivalent perhaps to nation risking World War III by the espionage work was detected. platoon, company and division in-j spy plane flights. But Ezhov, as his successor, was fantry officers," explained Bert Asks Flight Ban carefully watched by FBI agents E. Holtby, Fire Chief of the For- The resolution proposed also for months before enough evidence est Service's Eastern region at Up- that the United States be directed was collected to crack down on per Darby, Pa. to take immediate measures to him. Arson Possibility end "provocative and aggressive Buys Lessons Spreading fires, many lighning- flights" of its air force. He paid for flying lessons for a set, blackened some 200,000 acres Lodge said he would reply in photographer involved in the work In California, Washington, Oregon, detail to the Soviet charges when and hinted the Soviets would buy Montana, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, he speaks before the Council at him his own plane so he could Wyoming and Arizona. In Idaho, its next session on Monday. carry out further aerial recon- the FBI investigated the possi- He said the Soviet Union was naissance. bility of arson. guilty of a "criminal and piratical Photographs taken included More than 300 fires were battled action" in shooting down the shots of United States Navy in- by 300 men in British Columbia. RB47. He said the plane was at no stallations and what the depart- The worst was a 13,000-acre fire time closer to Soviet territory than ment described as "other intelli- along Spius Creek. 30 miles. gence targets." Damage was in uncounted mil- Then, in reference to Lts. Free- The department said it did not lions of dollars-more than 10 man B. Olmstead of Elmira, N.Y. anticipate that the Soviets would million dollars in Southern Cali- and John R. McKone of Tongan- retailate for the expulsion by or- fornia alone. oxie, Kan., being held on spy dering an American diplomat in 1,00 Routed charges, he added: Moscow to leave. Seven United 1,000 Rout "I again appeal to the Soviet States diplomats in the Soviet In Los Angeles County, Calif.s Union to release these men capital have been expelled on spy fires routed some 1,000 persons promptly. Until captured by the charges in the past 10 years. the flames have destroyed two Soviet Union they had not entered Second Case score houses and cabins. the territory of the Soviet Union Ezhov's case marks the second One of the converted B25 bomb- or Soviet territorial waters." reported espionage operation car- ers carried two crewmen to their Wives Present Tied on while Khrushchev was death today while helping fight a Mrs. McKone, Mrs. Olmstead, touring coast-to-coast as Presi- four-day-old blaze o n M a g i c and other relatives of the six air- dent Dwight D. Eisenhower's hon- Mountain 25 miles north of Los men who were aboard the RB47 ored guest. Angeles. were in the front two rows of the spectators' gallery. Mrs. Henry Cabot Lodge, wife of the-delegate was with them. Rock fieer Chances Dim "American airmen are being sacrificed to the aggressive policyFJo (of the United States) one after F or GOP VP Nomination another," he said, "and when the sponsors dothe teyflights tmtare i-caught reds-handed fh a re caught CHICAGO ( )-Republicans bent on bestowing their presidential play pharisaical concern for the nomination on Richard M. Nixon watched a titantic tussle over the fate of these airmen, shedding GOP platform dim yesterday the chances of getting Nelson A. Rocke- crocodile tears in that process." feller on the ticket with him. Most diplomats felt that the The New York Governor blasted at long range at projected; Soviet resolution would be de- platform planks on national defense, foreign policy and civil rights feated. This has been the fate of as "still seriously lacking in strength and specifics." Nixon's press * * * * To * Seek * * U.S., Canadian Economi Aic <9 rime mw $70 MILLION AGREEMENT: Cuba, Red China Near Trade Pact RED CARPET--Raul Castro, in the dark uniform, visited Moscow ' earlier this year when Cuba signed a trade agreement with Russia. The Red China-Cuba pact is the second such agreement with Communist countries. ANSWER RED INSULTS: Kennedy, Harriman Meet On National Defenses HYANNIS PORT, Mass. (W)-Sen. John F. Kennedy and Averell Harriman, a top adviser, yesterday discussed a huge new defense spending program as a "jarring" foreign policy answer to the insults of Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev. Harriman, former ambassador to Russia and one-time governor of New York, told reporters about it at a news conference after he conferred with the Democratic presidential nominee for nearly two thours. A newsman said there has * HAVANA OAP --Cuba and Red China appeared near agreement yesterday on terms of a trade pact binding this island's economy more firmly to the Communist bloc. Moscow Radio was quoted by a Tokyo news agency as saying Prime Minister Fidel Castro's government willsoon sign a $70 million agreement to supply Communist China with sugar, nickel, and copper in exchange for industrial products, agricultural machinery, textiles and rice. No Press Mention Government controlled newspapers here made no mention of any progress on talks now going on between Chinese Vice-Minister of Commerce Lu Shu Chang and s MaJ. Ernesto Guevara, leftist pres- ident of Cuba's National Bank. But signing of the agreement ritain H it could come at any time. In recent trade deals the Castro B M i government has adopted the M inister Kremlin policy of maintaining complete secrecy until the pacts R esignation were signed. R~ gain Experts said Cuba's main con- tribution to the exchange of goods would be a half-million tons of L O N D O N JP)-The surprise sugar. Sale of this amount has resignation of a second minister been projected for months. from the British government yes- Plans Unclear terday guaranteed the biggest How Cuba plans to fill nickel cabinet reshuffle since Prime Min- orders was not as clear. ister Harold Macmillan took over The only sources of any appreci- from Sir Anthony Eden in 1957. able amounts of nickel in Cuba Health Minister Derek Walker- are believed to be two American- Smith quit because, some associ- owned plants. One, the Moa Bay ates reported, he failed to win Company installation, whose op- promotion to a senior post. Walk- erations require specialized refin- er-Smith, 50, has long been re-. ing of its products outside Cuba, garded as one of the ablest of the was shut down several months ago. conservative ministers and a fa- The other is the Nicaro plant. owned by the United States gov- ement. Negotiations to purchase they Nicaro plant from the United States collapsed earlier this month when the Cuban government re- portedly offered only token pay- ment for the huge installation. Inj order to export nickel to Red ': f5 China, Cuba would have to take s over or purchase one or both of these plants. Continue Seizures Meanwhile, the Castro govern- ment continued its takeover of American property with the an- nouncement that three mills of the Cuban American Sugar Millf Co. had been seized, along with the company's Havana headquar- ters. An intervention order signed by Castro said the action was taken "for the protection of work- ers and the national industry." PRIME MINISTER MACMILLAN The government also seized the . . . hit by resignation Cuban-owend mill of the North American Sugar Co. to "improve vorite of party rank and filers. operations." His resignation takes effect Mon- The pro-Castro press continued day its anti-American campaign with Shake-Up Forced an attack on United States Sec- The cabinet shake-up--expected retary of State Christian A. Her- next week--has been forced on ter. Macmillan by a decision of one Revolucion said Herter lied of his senior colleagues to resign. when he said he does not believe He is Chancellor of the Exchequer the Cuban government is happy Derek Heathcoat Amory, who said with Russia's pledges of military he has had enough of the bigtime help. public service. Plans lour In Search Of Capita! Premier Abandons Russian Threat; Wants Friends LEOPOLDVL2E ()-Premier Patrice Lumumba turned yester- day from his flirtation with the Soviet Union and took'off for the United States and Canada in search of capital for the' Congo's crippled. economy. He said he wants to be friends with everybody. Lumumba abandoned his threat to call in Russian soldiers to force out Belgian troops. He told a news conference in this UN-guarded capital there is no longer any need for Soviet military intervention. UN Secretary General Dag Ham- marskjold said in New York that he would delay his plans to fly to the troubled Congo to have talks on the situation 'with Lumumba this weekend. The lanky, 34-year-old Congo- lese leader, who only a few days ago was calling Western nations Imperialist and issuing ultimatums to the United Nations, signed one agreement with an American financier for development of min- eral and power resources of the former colony Belgium freed June 30. Credits Belgians At the same time, Lumumba held out a hand to the Belgians. He gave the Belgians credit for helping to build the Congo and said he considers them "ou'r friends." He insisted only that Belgian troops evacuate the Congo, includ- ing the treaty bases of Kamina and Kitona, and that the Belgian Ambassador Baron Jean Van Den- bosche leave the country immedi- ately. Lumumba said the ambassa- dor, because of the reports he sent back to Brussels. and Gen. Emile Janssens, former commander of the Congolese army, were the two Belgians who damaged the Congo most. "We have political independence and now we need economic inde-- pendence," Lumumba said. We need bread and happiness for our people. No Charity "We want the assistance of all the world, but we do not want charity. We offer, to all those who want to help us exploit the coun- try, equitable remuneration en their investment and all necessary guarantees." He expressed profound thanks to the United Nations for its quick action in the Congo, although the Security Council set no deadline in renewing Thursday night Its call for the withdrawal of Belgian troops. He had been threatein to call in the Russians and soldiers of the African-Asian bloc nations if the Belgian units did not leave immediately. Congo Force, Belgians Clash ELIZABETHVILLE, Katanga (P -Air-borne Belgian troops and Congolese mutineers fought A pitched battle near a Katanga, mining center yesterday. A Belgian spokesman said about: 16 Congolese were killed and many wounded. The Belgian army gave its casualties as two dead and six wounded, but an army doctor said Fanfani Set As Premier ROME OP-) - Amintore Sanfani was named Premier-designate last night to head an all Christian Democrat government which has the pledged support of three smaller center parties. Fanfani, of the Christian Dem- ocratic left wing, will replace Premier Lernando Tambroni, who held a stopgap government to- gether for four months with un- solicited and embarassing Fascist support. Tambroni resigned last Tues- day after two weeks of riots. been reports that Kennedy would ask for a "two billion dollar sup- plemental appropriation" when Congress reconvenes Aug. 8, then asked Harriman whether he and Kennedy had discussed anything along that line. "Yes, but you'll have to get that from him," Harriman replied. "I think it is one of the answers to Khrushchev, who is insulting us at every turn as a result of the present administration's weak- ness," he added. "The appropriation would be for specific things that need to be done," Harriman said. Harriman said President Dwight D. Eisenhower now is taking a firm stand on foreign policy, but he said "he waited until we were on the ropes." similar Soviet resolutions presented to other Council sessions dealing with United States plane flights, Nepal Lama Blasts China KATAMANDA, Nepal (A')-A ref- ugee lama charged yesterday Red Chinese have starved more than 1,000 lamas to death in a concen- tration camp as an object lesson in their campaign to quell all re- sistance in Tibet. Lamas are Buddhist monks held in special regard in the mountain kingdom because of their wisdom and saintliness. Thundus Tembush, head lama at Nyasyang Monastery, said the star- vation occurred last winter at a Chinese-run camp 60 miles north- west of Lhasa, the capital. Tembush gave newsmen this ac- secretary said his chief believes he can carry such Northern states as New York and at the same time break into the South, running on Celesti~al a platform with an "honest" civil rights plank. The Nixon aide, Herbert Klein, declined at a news conference to go into any details regarding the platform planks being put on paper by subcommittees for the Republican National Convention opening Monday or to go into -y what Nixon himself has recom- mended. Also at long range, Nixon still E' hy was trying to mold the platform toEach man, Rockefeller from New York, Nixon from Washington, was keeping a constant check on how the writing of the platform is getting along behind locked doors. Any prospects of persuading Rockefeller to accept a call to i - - Measurements Explained By ANDREW HAWLEY As man has moved farther out into the universe in his study of it, he has had to discard the old methods of measuring distances and develop new ones, as Prof. Kenneth M. Yoss, visiting lecturer from the astronomy department of Mt. Holyoke College, explained last night. Prof. Yoss spoke at the visitor's night offered once a week during the summer session by the astronomy department in Angell Hall. "Two people standing on widely separate points on the earth simultaneously observing the moon or the sun can theoretically figure its distance from the difference between its apparent directions from them," he said. "But the stars other than the sun are too far away for the corresponding difference to be significant." "However, using the diameter of the earth's ellipse, rather than that of the earth itself, as a base line, we can calculate distances as far as 25 trillion miles away." Beyond that distance most indirect methods of measurement must he emnnvr Amory's departure carries in- ternational implications because it is known that Selwyn Lloyd, who has been foreign secretary since 1955, has been asked by Macmillan to take over control of the treasury, Eyes Top Post The ambitious Lloyd evidently feels a term in charge of the na- tion's finances will do no 'harm to his chances ultimately of becom- ing prime minister. Latest candidate mentioned for the Job of foreign secretary is the Earl of Home, a cousin of Eden and now commonwealth relations secretary. Macmillan must be well aware, however, that such an appoint- ment would raise a parliamentary storm becase, as a peer, Lord. Home could not answer for Brit- ish foreign policy in the House of Commons. Home Questioned rn~ pa,, .1