r' Seventy-Second Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY oP MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OP BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS "Where OpinIos Are 2mSTUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN A"'oR, MIcH. Phone NO 2-3 241 Truth Will Prevail'" LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: Asks A liternative Solution To Arab-Israel Dispute THE MIDDLE EAST still remains that part of the world least under- stood by your editors. If "the governments of Israel and Jordan have established a joint border committee" it no more means that the door has been opened to -future cooperation between the two countries than the signing of a border protocol between East and West Germany means that the door of mutual cooperation has been opened before them. Indeed, spokesmen -from the two governments have been sitting together on the mixed-armistice commissions for years with no impli- torials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This mnust be noted in all reprints. Stratfordian Gondoliers' DAY, JULY 20, 1962 NIGHT EDITOR: PHILIP SUTIN The Supreme Court's Apportionment Decision' Justified'.*. YESTERDAY the state Supreme Court pulled off a coup. Unlike the military takeover in Ieru several hours earlier, this action was de- Ysigned to further democracy and eliminate an injustice in the state's government. In its decision on Scholle vs. Hare, the court voided an unrepresentative body - the state Senate-which had been obstructing the wishes of the majority of the state's residents and had by negative action unfairly ruled the state by veto. THE COURT eliminated this inequity yester- day, but at the same time gave the Senate a chance until Aug. 20 to apportion itself fairly. If the Senate failed to meet the court's deci- sion, then all senators would have to run at large. However, the court in its zeal to eliminate legislative inequity created needless chaos and confusion. It did not give the Legislature enpugh timne to reapportion,, nor did it give the secretary of state's office oi the county, township or city. clerks' enbugh time to con- duct an election efficiently and still meet legal requirements. The Legislaturd must weigh carefully the im- plications, of the six opinions written by the Supreme Court justices. Then it must devise a fair scheme of apportionment that will in- sure continued equity and not freeze new mal- adjustments into the Senate. 'rfHITY-TWO days will not be enough time for thorough and careful consideration of the issues nor will it be sufficient time for ~:l eqtion officials to' carry out the filing and balloting procedures of the election laws. So far the Republican party has taken a blind, mypic view of the court's decision, ig- noring the possibility that a population based Senate may still keep them in power, although it may change its base from safe, conservative. districW to the less stale, moderate districts or suburban Detroit. If 240,000 is considered the median size for districts, then fast-growing Oakland County with 690,000 constituents would get three dis tricts which 'would likely fall to the GOP if current ,trends continue. The Democrats would lose two districts in the Upper Peninsula under this scheme as the underpopulated seats would be 'cosolidated and the UP's emerging Repub- lican majority would take the new district. HUS'the Republicans only have to fear the fresh breeze of change that reapportion- mnent may bring to the Senate. They may lose some rural areas through consolidation of dis- tricts, but suburban Detroit support should re- tain them in powei by a slim margin., However, the crux of reapportionment will not be the number of' representatives, but their quality. If the new districting brings more partisan hacks to the Senate, then its cause was lost in fulfillment. If it brings new, capable and intelligent legislators, then reap- portionment will be doubly rewarding. It is now up to the parties to use the opportunity of reapportionment, not for partisan squabbling that seems inevitable, but for diligent search- ing to improve the quality of the Senate. -PHILIP SUTIN v r Shortsightedness T HE SENATE'S decision to permit President Kennedy to spend foreign aid funds on Communist countries will give the President a-' lot of needed leeway, in his (very necessary) efforts to keep Yugoslavia and even Poland less dependent on the Soviet Union. From the win-the-cold-war point of view, the action was wise. It's a shame, though, that the Senate is threatening to cut the amount of "regular" foreign aid funds requested for this year. , Foreign aid isn't for discrediting Commun- ism or spreading democracy - that is the job of propaganda or, more hopefully, education. It should be for lowering the world's poverty, not because our "pitch" must be materialistic, but because a freedom from. hunger is a pre- requisite for the kind of world favorable to our institutions and ideas of individual liberty. So it would be encouraging if the Senate would recognize later this week that foreign aid as a political weapon should be kept in the background, and made a subplot and not the basic tenet in the foreign ,aid program. -P. STEINBERGER Unjustified. I T IS REALLY frightening to observe how quickly the Big Labor-Democrat coalition will strangle traditional American liberty when it doesn't suit them. Last Wednesday they com- pelled their four stooges on the state Supreme Court to upset a perfectly fair and constitu- tional election of state Senate members, sched- uled for Aug. 7. The court decided, along party lines, that the apportionment of the GOP controlled state Senate was unconstitutional, even though the constitution clearly sets forth that only the House of Representatives shall be subject to periodic apportionment. The districts of the senate were frozen by the people of Michigan in 1952 through a statewide referendum. At that time, the people approved the present ap- portionment, and only they can change it. But the little matter of constitutional law, or the fact that nearly 'every state since its en- trance in the union has had apportionment similar to Michigan's - none of this precedent swayed the pro-Labor majority on the high court. SO NOW the Legislature must reapportion the Senate by Aug. 20, which means that the scheduled primary for Senate seats is called off. The result is that the state will be put to the expense of a special primary just to fill the Senate seats. It's perfectly ridiculous, and the cost, to Michigan which is mired in debt, should be prohibitive to any butthe Big Labor spenders. In addition, the situation has so confused the average voter, who was perfectly satisfied and quite ready to vote on Aug. 7, that it will hurt the entire election turnout in August. The question becomes: What is the hurry? And the answer: Big Labor is scared - scared that the Republicans will win - win big - in November, just as they did in the constitu- tional convention elections. This decision is Big Labor's last desperate attempt to preserve, by any fraud possible, the shaky foundation of their crumbling empire. BUT IT won't wrk. The' decision that the high court has handed down is clearly with- out its power. It has no right to call off the scheduled primary, now less than two weeks away. And it has no right to violate the ap- portionment, of the state Senate, which can only be alter ed by a vote of the people. The course for Michigan's citizenry should be clear. Such irresponsibility must not be tol- erated on the high court. Justices must not be allowed to concur with AFL-CIO President August Scholle, who brought this suit in the first place only to satisfy a personal vendetta against the Senate. The voters of Michigan must rise to the oc- casion and recall all four justices who voted in favor of this fiasco; a constitutional amend- ment must be submitted to referendum, clearly prohibiting the courts to interfere in the appor- tionment of the Senate; the Legislature, at its session next week, must direct the county clerks and the state board of canvassers to ignore this Supreme Court decision and proceed with the primary as planned. pI E PRESENT apportionment of the Senate must be allowed to continue for two more years, and during that time a referendum must be submitted to the people to discover whether or not they wish this apportionment retained. But according to Michigan's constitution, it is up to them and not the pro-Labor high court. This maneuver is clearly a power grab by Big Labor. They already control two branches of the state government - executive and ju- dicial, and they are bent on controlling the; third - the legislative. But the people will not stand for this greed and lust for power. So they' must be given a chance to make their objec- tions heard. Only by taking the time to settle this matter properly will justice truly be served. The hurry-job the high court has ordered is neither fair to the voters nor good fpr the state. It can only lead to confusion - confusion Big Labor hopes to use to its own advantage. Hopefully the Legislature will fight this de- cision, and hopefully the people will have the good sense to ignore it, just as one ignores the temper tantrums of a spoiled child. This is the beginning of the end for Big Labor's control of Michigan and this decision only signifies they will die hard. It has no more significance than that. --MICHAEL HARRAH City Editor cation that the Arab parties rec- ognized Israel's legitimacy. What were the indications that' "in the past . .. some of the Arab states..(were) willing to break the Israel boycott . . . (but for) pressure from Egypt through the Arab League?" Initially Egypt was the least concerned with Israel. Lebanon, where Israel is the least emotional problem, feels that it has profited the most from boy-, cott of a potential economic rival. Jordan, statistically, has shown the greatest concern over Israel's presence. BORDER incidents have not been "increasingly frequent in the last few years!" If Israel has the gall to com- plain about difficulty of access to Mt. Scopus, if she considers this bit of property so }precious, then I suggest that she swap guarantees to its access from the Arabs in re- turn for the property and land seized from the near-million Arab refugees who fled in the 1947 wary! Does Iraq appear today to be under Communist influence, or is it that Kassem is still successfully playing them off against the Na- tionalists? * * * THE ONLY statement of insight I could discover in the editorial, was the sorry plight of the Arab League. But again, I must point out that this is nothing new, that there is no new reason why the Arabs in or out of the League' should be more disposed to deal with Israel today, than they were yesterday. Only by recognizing the acute and persevering severity of the Arab-Israeli dispute can we base our hopes on realistic grounds and our suggestions on a practical level. We Arabs want a lasting peace in our area just as much as the world citizen wants it between the Great Powers; but like everybody else we want negotiation from strength, and on a base that we feel will protect our interests. The Arabs will negotiate with Israel only when strength and prosperity denudes us of our inferiority com- plexes.; -Anthony Shebaya, Grad... Democacy OTH houses of a state legis- Blature can be based on popula- tion without surrendering the pos- itive values of a bicameral system with its checks and balances. These virtues can be preserved by making one house more numerous and the other less; by electing men to one house from smaller, perhaps more homogeneous dis- tricts, while electing men to the other house from large, more het- erogeneous districts, by electing one house for two years and the other for six years, with a full turn-over periodically in one and a partial turn-over in the other. 'Our legislatures can be bicameral without being bimoral. -Gus Tyler The New Republic AT RACKHAM:' .'Ad Mirable' Concert LAST NIGHT at Rackham Lee- ture Hall, a small string or- chestra, consisting of the Stanley Quartet plus eleven, presented a concert of music from two cen- turies. There were seven violinists, two viols, two 'cellos, and two double bass in the orchestra. There was also a harpsichord and timpani. It was presented as part of the music school's creative string teaching conference, which will end today. Of the 18th-century works, the performers displayed an appro- priate clarity in dynamics which heightened the enjoyment of Han- del's Concerto Grosso in B minor considerably. The Stanley Quartet was effective as the concertino (the solo group which contrasts with the larger ensemble). (The second movement, "Lar- ghetto e piano," turned out to be a piece available to organists in transcription, and highly prefer- able to the usual "Here Comes the Bride" for wedding processionals.) * * * MOZART composed his diverti- ment as "music not to be listened to" at social gatherings of his time -- an 18th-century "Muzak." He failed, however, in a sense, be- cause he could not help producing masterpieces, to be listened to. The performance' ofhis Diverti- mento in F major proved it. 1ozart's "Serenata Notturna" in D ,major showed his humorous side. It also had a concertino, but with double bass substituting for the cello. A surprising (in this case, slightly out-of-tune) tim- pani provided punctuation. 20th-century works began after intermission with "Elegy" by El- liott Carter, of Yale. It is the tra- dition of Barber's popular "Adagio for Strings," more advanced in idiom, and just as attractive. * * * ERNST KRENEK, now a "ser- ial" composer, was represented by "Sieben leichte 'Stuecke" ("Stueke" on the program), a work which displayed 19th-cen- tury roots. Even though the orchestra left out its first movement, Stravin- sky's Concerto in D, written in 1946, showed the composer's in- debtedness to the 18th century in harmony and form,' as well as Prokofiev-like key changes in the second movement. This reviewer feels remorse that the concert wasn't better attended. Guest conductor Roland Johnson was largely responsible for its suc- cess. He revealed firm control, an admirable economy of motion, and a sure sense of style. -Bunker Clark Special To The Daily STRATFORD-ON-AVON, On- tario-The Gondoliers, the third of the Gilbert and Sulli- van operettas to be presented at the Stratford Festival, con- tinued a line of successful pro- ductions. The improbable plot -typical of Gilbert and Sulli- van - with hidden identities and baby switching, allows am- ple opportunity for satire and wit. The two gondoliers, though republican and egalitarian in their professed convictions, are nevertheless intensely involved in a mystery concerning which one of them is the heir to the throne of Barataria. Mean- while, they jointly decree that everyone in the kingdom is equal - the lord high cook, the lord high servants, and the lord high chamber maids. In the end, of course, neither of the gondoliers turns out to be the actual king - it is the drummer boy, the secret lover of the lovely heroine, that is the rightful king. Typical of G & S romantic heroes, he is colorless, slightly dull, and his arias are saccharine. * * * ALSO typical of G & S oper- ettas, the heroine is a blushing beautiful damsel; though will- ing to marry a stranger accord- ing to her parents' machina- tions, she knows, with unerring certainty, that true love will eventually prevail. Ilona Kombrink as Casilda, the heroine, is without doubt the ideal choice for the part. She is extraordinarily beautiful and radiates innocent beauty and warmth. Fortunately her beauty is equalled by her tal- ent as a singer. Although her role is not a major one, she is the one who stars in the pro- duction. When she is on stage, she commands attention from all, and her singing excels any- one else's in the cast. 'THE GONDOLIERS' - Jack Creley (left) as the Duke of Plaza-Toro, Ann Casson (center) as the Duchess of Plaza-Toro and Ilona Kombrink as Casilda star in the Stratford production of this delightful Gilbert and Sullivan operetta. This is not to say, however, that other performances were in any way inadequate. Perhaps most notable were the charac- ter leads, the Duke and Duch- ess of Plaza-Toro. The duchess, a fragile looking grand lady of the impoverished aristocracy, is a fitting companion of her hus- band in his con game of turn- ing the aristocratic septiments and pretensions of others to his own business profit. The Duke, played by Jack Creley is ami- ably unscrupulous in his efforts to bring about the marriage of his daughter to the. unknown king of Barataria. The role of the Duke typifies the G & S "villain"; a charming charac- ter on whom the authors lavish choicest tidbits of satire and the greatest opportunity for scene-stealing. r ANOTHER notable perform- ance was that of Douglas Campbell as Don Alhambra del Bolero, the Inquisitor. Dressed in black and appearing to exude clerical censure, he turns out to be an opportunistic Jesuit with an eye-winking tolerance and ability to adjust to the shifting sands of the improb- able plot. The success of the production does not rest solely with the leading players. The colorful sets, the lively chorus and the exuberant dancing scenes in the palace all materially contribute to a very absorbing and delight- ful performance. The enthusi- asm of the performers easily communicates to the audience. the sheer fun it must be to par- ticipate in such a superb pro- duction of Gilbert and Sullivan. --Charlotte Davis -Stanislav Kasl E' i TODAY AND TOMORROW: °Optional' Reforms Bypassed By WALTER LIPPMANN, THE DEFEAT of medical care,. which has come as the climax of a series of defeats, is bound to cause the President to reap- praise his relations with Congress. What can he and what can't he induce Congress to do? If we study the record, the an- swer is, I think, that in the kind of Congress we now have it is not possible to get reform and innova- tion just because they appear to be desirable and in the public in- terest. They will be blocked, chewed up in committee, or re- jected by majorities which are easily swayed by an' organized op- position. The fatal weakness of reform and innovation is that there is no compulsion behind them. They. nay be very desirable, but they are not absolutely necessary. Even if the country would be better off with them, it can rock along with- out them. ON THE other hand, this same Congress has followed the Presi- dent in the field of defense and foreign policy. There has been no trouble about the enlarged ap- propriations for the armed forces. The Congress has voted for the radical trade expansion bill. With, only a few eccentric quirks it has voted for the foreign aid bill. This bears directly on the de- cision which the President must soon make about tax reduction on the one hand and on the other tax reform to close loopholes. In view of the stagnant condition of the economy and the prospect of re- cession, tax reduction has become a necessity. The facts of the sit- uation, not something dreamed up within the Administration, are pushing for a quick and very sub- stantial tax cut. It is not merely something which would beddesir-, able and pleasant. Tax reduction is something which we must have if we are to avoid very serious con- sequences not only to business and employment and to our standard of life but also to our position in the world. Tax reform to close up the loop-f holes and reduce the inequities is in principle highly desirable. But look at what a hash Sen. Byrd's committee is making of the cur- rent tax reform bill. The fact is that no matter how desirable the key committees, those of Rep. Mills and Sen.: Byrd, will almost certainly take a year to agree on, any kind of tax reform bill. They are under no compulsion to hurry. But tax reduction cannot wait a year. * , * THE MORAL, it seems to me,, is that the President should not wait any longer before calling up-- on Congress to move against the oncoming recession in the hope of getting tax reform next. year. In the kind of Congress he is dealing with the prospects of his getting a good tax reform bill next year are very poor. In any event, whether Congress is or is not now capable of writing a good tax bill, it is certainly in- capable- of writing any tax bill. quickly. Tax reform, like medical care, aid to education, a farm bill, is in the category of those things which are desirable but not indis- pensable. To act now and ade- quately against recession is in the category of the indispensable. If the decision is taken to ask for a tax cut now, it is of the ut- most importance that it be an adequate tax cut. It will be worse than useless to propose a reduc- tion which is so small that it will not do the job. That will merely discredit the medicine without preventing the disease. If Dr. Salk says that a child should have three polio shots, it is a foolish mother who thinks that one polio shot will do. In the present state of the U. S. economy tax reduction will, not refiate and revivify unless it is big enough to close the gap- the gap between what, the econ- omy can produce and what indi- viduals and business firms and public authority are able and will- ing to buy. AMONG economists today the conservative, estimate is that the cut should be at least $10 billion. There are some, who should be heard, who think that the right amount would even be $15 billion. The $10 billion reduction could be had by reducing personal and corporate income taxes by four percentage points. (On personal income each percentage point is two billion; on corporate income tax each percentage point is half a billion.) Why a reduction of $10 billion? Speaking very broadly, and with due regard for the refinements of the professional economists, it is reasonable for the layman to as- sume that under present circum- stances for each dollar released by tax reduction the effect on spending for consumption, inven- tory, and fixed capital is multi- plied about two-and-a-half times, The $10 billion reduction would thus have the. multiplied effect on demand for goods of $25 billion. The gap today between capacity and actual production is about $30 -billion. That is why a $10 billion tax reduction would be just barely adequate. If we act promptly to prevent the decline, it is certain that some of the revenue lost by tax reduc- tion will be recaptured from the rise in incomes and profits. There will be a fair chance that by the middle of 1963 the defiicit after a $10 billion tax reduction would not be greater than Eisenhower's defi- cit without tax reduction. This, we should realize, would not mean much. But 'it would look better. But what really matters is to pre- vent the oncoming recession. (C) 1962, New York Herald Tribune, Inc. "Throw Him Some More Flowers, Honey -- Let's See How Long He'll Keep Playing" y -Y jy ". ~>~""v 4f~ 406 Friend or Foe? UNPALATABLE: '.chocolate Soldiery THE CAMPUS Theatre's once-a-week operetta film series opened last night with "The Chocolate Soldier." If it were playing again tonight I should caution you not to go. The film has only loose connections with the Oscar Straus operetta, a tuneful comedy of the same name based on George Bernard Shaw's "Arms and the Man." Nelson Eddy and Rise Stevens are a singing couple appearing in a production of the Straus "Chocolate Soldier." The plot revolves around Eddy's off-stage efforts to test his wife's faithfulness. He dis- guises himself as a Russian basso and woos his wife in a set of false REMIER of Iran Ali Amini resigned Wednes- day from his post, blaming the United Ates for slashing aid to Iran - "America's Ti~i .~ only sincere friend in the world." Amini re- signed in a futile attempt to balance his coun- try's budget, now in debt to $50 million. The government of Iran is quite dependent upon U. S. foreign aid to restore financial se-