SMITH ACT SHOULD BE REVOKED Seventy-One Years of Editorial Freedom w Iat CLEARING High-o Low--50 Clearing slowly, sunny and warmer this afternoon See Page 2 VOL. LXXII, No. 35-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, AUGUST 1, 1962 SEVEN CENTS FOUR PAGES Astronauts British, U.S. Experts Note Close Approach Observers Speculate on Possibility Of Descent in Single Spacecraft MOSCOW (P)-Russia's two newest astronauts slept peacefully in space early yesterday while their twin ships raced around the Earth constantly setting new mileage and orbital records, Tass reported. Unconfirmed reports said "The Falcon" or "The Golden Eagle," or-both, might land during the day. A Soviet informant said something interesting would happen in the afternoon (Moscow time is 8 hours ahead of Eastern Standard Time), but he refused to elaborate. About that time, both astro- Continue Orbiting; /ay Land Soon L !l I * * * * * * * * * * * * Presidential Statement Predicts No Income Tax Cuts This Year fi Vote Down Amendment WASHINGTON ('-The Senate defeated yesterday the first at- tempt by opponents to rewrite the administration's Communications Satellite Bill. It rejected, 56 to 19, an amend- ment by Sen. Albert Gore (D- Tenn) to require the State De- partment to conduct or supervise all negotiations with foreign coun- tries and approve all agreements involving the proposed global sat- ellite communications system. The bill would set up a private- ly owned, government-regulated corporation to operate the United States part of the system and al- low it to conduct business negotia- tions with foreign countries and agencies with the State Depart- ment advising on foreign policy. Vote Today The big issue will be decided to- day when the Senate votes on a bipartisan leadership proposal to invoke debate-limiting cloture and end a filibuster that has blocked final action on the measure. The Senate, in a snowstorm of parliamentary maneuvering, ad- journed last night, heading off a threatened night-long speech by Sen. Wayne M o r s e (D - Ore) against the administration bill. Sen. Everett M. Dirksen (R-Ill), the Senate GOP leader, and oth- ers teamed up in the moves which forced a 15-6 roll call vote to ad- journ the session at 10:34 p.m. un- til noon today. Offer Changes Opponents of the bill, battling for government ownership of the proposed communications corpora- tion, have offered dozens of amendments. and these could re- quire days to dispose of even if cloture is adopted. Sen. Robert S. Kerr (D-Okla), in a lengthy argument against the Gore amendment, said it would "destroy the corporation to put shackles about it so that it couldn't do anything except when the State Department permits it."i Protesters Get Stiff Penalties In Albany Jail ALBANY WP)-Five integration- ists drew stiff sentences yester-I day as the result of an attempt to4 desegregate a motel restaurant in this racial trouble spot. Fines of $200 or jail terms of 60 days were meted out by Recorder- A. N. Durden Sr., to three Negroes and two white persons who were arrested Saturday at the Holiday Inn dining room. Convicted under a city ordinance against idling or loitering in places of business were John Robert Zell- ner, 21, of Atlanta and Penelope Patch, 19, of Englewood, N.J., both white; The Rev. Robert M. Kin- loch of New York, and The Rev. Samuel B. Wells and Ruby Doris Smith, both of Albany. They were arrested in the mo- tel dining room after refusing to leave when ordered out by the manager. The city ordinance un- der which they were convicted was amended recently to provide for arrests when persons refuse to leave a business place after being told to do so, Zellner, who had been staying at the motel, said he invited his companions into the dining room. He said he had been served there " nauts might be in position to descend. Note Approach Sir Bernard Lovell, director of Britain's Jodrell Bank radio tele- scope, told reporters "I would not be surprised if both men came down in one craft and left the oth- er in orbit ... we believe eitherthe spacemen now are both together or are extremely close to each oth- er." Later last night, an official of the Sohio Research Center, which has been tracking the vehicles, said the two space ships could have touched one another during their orbits. Dr. A. L. Jones, supervisor of basic research at the center, said plottings indicated the two crafts began to separate just before 1:26 p.m. (EST) Sunday. He said the first actual measurement of dis- tance between the ships indicated they were 75 miles apart and the. next measurement showed they were even farther apart. Lists Time But, he said, the curve shows that before the first measure- ment yesterday the ships had reached zero separation. That would have been shortly before 1:26 p.m. He said the progressive widen- ing of distance between the two craft led him at first to believe they had failed to come together, but the plottings showed they should have met. "All the data we have supports the contention the ships met," he said. "This includes the fact we never have received any voice com- munications from Vostok IV." Dr. Jones said one of the cosmo- nauts could have transferred from his own. ship to the other at zero separation, but emphasized this was merely speculation. Report Mileage "The Falcon," Maj. Andrian Ni- kolayev, 32, made his 40th orbit at 10 p.m. Moscow time (2 p.m. EST), the Tass news agency re- ported. That would be about 1,- 040,000 miles piled up since his Vostok III blasted off Saturday morning. "The Golden Eagle," code name for Lt. Col. Pavel Popovich, 31, at about the same time completed his 24th trip around the planet, mak- ing about 264,000 miles covered since his Vostok IV was launched Sunday. He was believed to be still somewhere in the vicinity of Vos- tok III. Both had far outstripped the best previous Soviet space effort and had covered distances beyond that to the Moon. The distance to the Moon ranges from 221,463 to 252,710 miles. The space men had their eve-' ning meal and radioed the control center they felt fine. 'Ar gen tine Executive Crumbles BUENOS AIRES (A') - T h e shaky government of Argentine President Jose Maria Guido-buf- feted by Peron-hating army chiefs and by an inflaction-ridden econ- omy-was seized with a cabinet crisis last night. Two ministers submitted their resignations and others were re- ported ready to follow. Interior Minister Carlos A. Ad- rogue, under fire from Argentina's 60 political parties for his part in a recent decree forbidding Peron- ists, Communists and other ex- tremists to run for office, twice put in his resignation. Guido twice refused to accept it. Second Minister S h o r t 1 y afterward, Defense Minister Jose Luis Cantilo, critized for his handling of the army crisis, offered his resignation for the second time in three days. Guido said he had not decided whether to accept it. Cantilo offered to resign Satur- day at the height of the dispute between Guido and the military over choice of a new war minister. This crisis apparently had been smoothed over when a compromise choice was made. Other cabinet ministers believed ready to resign included Foreign Minister Boniifacio Del Carril and Economic Minister Alvaro Alsoga- ray. Rebel army leaders said the United States had warned them against trying to set up a military dictatorship. The United States embassy de- clined official comment on the statement by the rebels but said unofficially: "Everyone knows our worldwide policy is not to recog- nize military governments that take power by force." Past Actions President John F. Kennedy sus- pended diplomatic relations with Peru and ordered economic aid cut off after a military junta over- threw President Manuel Prado last month and took over the govern- ment. The rebels called off a march on the capital after the President agreed to name as War Secretary Brig. Gen. Cornejo Saravia, 53, who once helped jail former dic- tator Juan D. Peron. Gen. Sar- avia quickly shook up the army commands and shelved generals who supported Guido during the four-day crisis that brought the nation to the brink of civil war. Asks Cut by January. To Expand Economy Kennedy Notes Current Upswing; Reserves Quick-Relief for Crises WASHINGTON (2 -- President John F. Kennedy turned thumbs down last night on a quick tax cut and reaffirmed his goal of a multi-billion-dollar reduction to become effective next Jan. 1. But he pledged to call Qongress into special session and ask for immediate action if an economic crisis should develop later this year. There is no sign now of any such crisis, the President told the people via television and radio from the White House. Kennedy said there is an "absence of a clear and present dan- ger" to the economy and thus,; -AP Wirephoto OVER THE WALL-A battle of tear gas and water cannon was touched off yesterday between East and West German police during the demonstrations marking the first birthday of the Berlin Wall. Riots Mark Wall Anni'versary e Y BERLIN (A') -- West Berliners' pent-up hatred of the year-old Communist wall poured out last night in a series of violent pro- test demonstrations including at- tacks against Soviet vehicles and the barricade itself. Berlin Tension Remains High WASHINGTON OP) - Secretary of State Dean Rusk and Soviet Ambassador Anatoly F. Dobrynin talked yesterday about Berlin on the first anniversary of the wall dividing the city. The result as reported by the State Department. "No significant change in the situation." The Russians had asked for the interview on Sunday. He did not bring any written message from his government, nor did he submit any new proposals or mention the, anniversary at all, officials re- ported afterwards. Neither the State Department nor Dobrynin explained why Mos- cow sent its envoy to see Rusk on this day, when world attention was focused on Berlin anyway. But it strongly indicated that the Rus- sian came to bring up a minor point as a follow-up of the recent Geneva conversations. What West Berlin officials hop- ed would be a quiet observance of the first anniversary of the Red wall turned into near chaos that lasted until late evening. Screaming, cursing crowds of West Berliners, blocked by West police from approaching the wall. found other outlets for their anger. Smash Windows Hurling stones and beer bottles, they smashed the windows of a Russian bus returning soldiers from duty at the Soviet war me- morial in West Berlin. Other West Berlin crowds used the wall for target practice, scar- ring with hundreds of paving blocks. In the afternoon a protest pa- rade of West Berlin youths touch- ed off a battle of tear gas and water cannon between East and West police across the barricade. There were no reports of serious injuries. Attack Cars The car-stoning incidents oc- curred near Checkpoint Charlie, where Soviet vehicles cross into East Berlin. West Berlin police finally suc- ceeded in breaking up the crowds as' they banged on the Soviet cars and shouted insults at the soldiers inside. Brig. Gen. Frederick O. Hartel, United States troop commander in Berlin. went to Checkpoint Char- lie for a personal investigation of the attacks on the Soviet cars. He talked there with Erich Duensing, West Berlin police commissioner. Stone Police Duensing told reporters he was most concerned about the demon- strations in the Bernauerstrasse area. There, he said, about 2.000 West Berlin demonstrators had at- tacked his men with stones. Reporters on the spot said the stones appeared to be aimed by the demonstrators at the East Ber- lin police beyond the wall. West Berlin police cars were linedsup between the demonstra- tors and the wall and got some of the stones too. Nehru Offers To Hold Talks With Chinese NEW DELHI t/P)-Prime Minis- ter Nehru offered yesterday to talk with the Communists about eas- ing tensions along the India-China border, but sharply denied he is leaning toward appeasing Peiping. He told Parliament he is pre- pared to enter into discussions with the Chinese on withdrawal of forces of both countries from the disputed Ladakh area "to create an appropriate climate for further discussions." Demands Withdrawal But he emphasized that India would not enter into any direct negotiations on settlement of the border dispute until the Chinese forces withdraw from territory, they claim in Ladakh. The Communists have taken over control of 12,000 square miles of the disputed area, and vowed "no force on earth could oblige us" to pull back. India controls the other 39,000 miles of the disputed waste- lands along the Himalayan fron- tier. Nehru said his government's po- sition had been misunderstood in laying down terms for preliminary talks and declared: Will Defend "We will protect the honor of India and the defense of India to the utmost of our capacity." He warned "the situation on the frontier remains as serious as it has been in the past and is likely to continue to be in the future." a quickie tax cut "could neith- er be justified nor enacted." He recited economic data, and pointed to charts, to show that the economy is moving up-that "there is every reason for confi- dence by the American people in the American system." He renewed his pledge to ask Congress next year for a massive reform of the American tax sys- tem with substantial income tax rate reductions as part of the over- haul. Equal Plan This plan, including all-bracket cuts in individual and corporate rates and "rooting out of inequi- ties" would, he said, place billions of dollars in the hands of con- sumers and businessmen. And this, in turn, would create new jobs and expand the American economy, he reasonei The present bite on the Ameri- can people, he said, is too severe, hampering, economic growth. But, he said, immediate tax reduction is a weapon that should be "fired only in clear emergency." To pro- pose one at this time would need- lessy undercut confidence at home and abroad. As for the permanent reform measure he proposes for next year, he said leaders of the Senate and House, pius Rep. Wilbur Mills (D- Ark), chairman of the tax writing House Ways and Means Commit- tee, have assured him of speedy action in 1963. Ignores Byrd He made no mention of the at- titude of Sen. Harry F. Byrd (D- Va), powerful chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, who has opposed most of Kennedy tax reform ideas this year. Kennedy displayed charts to the TV audience to show that the country has bounced back a long way from the recession he said was in progress when he took of- fice in January 1961. His figures included gross na- tional product (total of goods and services), up 10 per cent; indus- trial production, up 16 per cent, wages and salaries, up 10 per cent, corporate profits up 26 per cent, and unemployment rate down 23 per cent. But in comparison with some other countries, Kennedy said, the United States has been standing still in economic development for five years. Among his specific measures, Kennedy asked for financial help to colleges and universities. Twice as many young people will be try- ing to enter college in 1970 as in 1960, he said. AFL-CIO asks 35-HDour Week CHICAGO ( '-Big labor made the 35-hour work week-withput a reduction in take-home pay-its hiox alin vsrti.v in a. rive Talky Viewed By Senators, WASHINGTON (MP - President John F. Kennedy's decision not to ask an immediate tax cut drew considerable congressional support last night but his call for a heavy reduction next year stirred skepti- cism. Several Republican legislators stressed a favorite party theme- that a tax cut at any time must be accompanied by a parallel re- duction in federal spending. Rep. Wilbur D. Mills (D-Ark), House Ways and Means Committee chairman, said he endorses fully the President's decision not to ask for a temporary tax cut at this time. Sound Program .'I am convinced," Mills said, "that a sound program of tax re- form by improving incentives, by increasing profits and consump- tion and in making possible tnod- ernization and expansion of pro- ductive facilities, can result in the most desirable long-range eco- nom ic consequences." Sen. Harry F. Byrd (D-Va), chairman of the Senate Finance Committee and a frequent oppon- ent of Kennedy tax recommend a- tions, said: 'There is only one reason for high federal taxes. That reason is high federal expenditures. "The President said he will sub- mit a tax bill in January. He will also submit his budget for the next fiscal year at the same time. Must Balance "When these are submitted, he will have an opportunity to indi- cate whether he plans to reduce expenditures or pay for a tax cut with borrowed money." Rep. Leslie Arends, the Repub- lican assistant leader from Illinois, said Kennedy "offered everything for everybody and he never men- tions who is going to pay for it the 1962 campaign has start- ed." Sen. Mike Mansfield (D-Mont), the Senate majority leader, said the President had given "an ex- cellent message that laid the facts. before the people." Set Early Date For Decision CHICAGO (A' - The United States Circuit Court of Appeals cleared the way yesterday for an early showdown on plans of the nation's railroads to eliminate thousands of jobs they consider unnecessary. The court acceded to a request by the railroads for fast, eter- gency consideration of their mo- tion to dismiss a lower court tem- porary injunction restraining them from- n,,ttinria, .in-sl~acshiria sched1 ON THE ROAD: Koto Player. Widens Range By MARK SLOBIN Daily Correspondent NEW YORK-Kimio Eto is a man with a mission, and a man well equipped to fulfill that mission. As an outstanding performer on the koto, the ancient Japanese string instrument, his plan to make his instrument into a vital, con- temporary medium of expression has led him to highly successful per- formances at Town Hall and Carnegie Hall, and promises to take him I yet further. Gains Recognition At 35, Eto, whose stature as a performer is made even more im- pressive by the fact of his 30-year blindness, can look back on train- ing under Japan's finest koto player, Michio Miyagi, acclaim within his own country, and almost 10 years of life in America, with growing recognition here for his instrument and his talent. This fall he will perform at the new Philharmonic Hall at Lin- coln Center, and hopes to be able to play his new concerto for koto and orchestra with the Philharmonic. ............. ":Yl: ...... ...... : :4:}::