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VOL. LXXII, No. 22-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, THURSDAY, JULY 26, 1962 SEVEN CENTS
SIX PAGES
Kennedy Views
Test-Ban Terms
Administration Aides To Explore
Modification of U.S. Nuclear Policy
WASHINGTON P)-President John F. Kennedy will meet with
top advisers Friday to consider whether to relax United States terms
for an atomic weapons test-ban treaty with Russia.
Press Secretary Pierre Salinger said yesterday about 10 to 12 key
advisers, including defense and diplomatic officials, will attend the
Friday gathering. He described the meeting as one of a series of
inside-the-government discussions on how the United States position
on a test-ban treaty might be modified.
A prior Cabinet-level meeting of agency chiefs concerned with
the nuclear-test situation is scheduled for today. Salinger said he
Seldes Cites
TV's Worth
In America
By MICHAEL SATTINGER
People whose only contact with
the arts is through the mass media
such as television cannot be ex-
cluded from their source, Prof.
Gilbert Seldes, of the communica-
tions school at the University of
Pennsylvania, said yesterday in
his American youth series lecture
on the popular arts.
Prof. Seldes, author of "The
Seven Lively Arts," said that to-
day's "is the first generation that
can live because everything has
come so naturally to them."
This generation is neither afraid
of the popular arts nor snobbish
about them. Since television is no
longer considered a novelty, chil-
dren have not been brought up to
despise what is popular, he said.
TV Worry
Prof. Seldes said that the worry
shown by people over the effect
of television on this generation is
analogous to the worry over the
effect of second-rate movies on
the past generation. However, to-
day there is a new kind of person
who chooses between the popular
arts.
He asked what the present gen-
eration will do to determine the
direction of the arts. It is possible
to do nothing, he said. The gen-
4 eration could enjoy portions of
entertainment offered, i g n o r e
others, and allow the arts to
evolve on their own.
Beyond Pleasure
"It is no longer possible to take
a pure pleasure in many of the
popular arts," he said. "We have
begun to worry about the effects
on us. If crime and violence are
a bad influence, we can no longer
take pure aesthetic pleasure."
Prof. Seldes said that the radio
was the great revolutionary in-
strument. For the first time in
history, a large amount of pleas-
ure was accessible to all the
people, all the time.
Radio Enters
"In the past, entertainment was
a sometime thing. It was rare," he
said. The radio came into the
housedand became intimately con-
nected with daily life.
Prof. Seldes pointed out that
only a limited number of televi-
sion and radio stations can oper-
ate, and so must be run in the
"public interest."
It would be most destructive to
present only high-brow entertain-
ment. People's taste will not be
improved by a quick change in
quality, he said.
Marin Pushes
For Plebiscite
hIPuerto Rico
SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico RP) -
Gov. Luis Munoz Marin told Puer-
to Ricans last night he will take
first steps within one week for a
plebiscite on the island's future.
Munoz addressed a constitution
day celebration after President
John F. Kennedy agreed in a let-
ter to the governor's viewpoint that
Puerto Rico should vote for closer
commonwealth ties with the Unit-
ed States, for statehood or for
independence.
Leaders of opposition parties
were divided in their reaction to
the proposal.
Munoz Marin's popular Demo-
cratic Party wants to make Puer-
to Rico's commonwealth status
permanent, but in closer associa-
tion with the United States.
Puerto Rico's Republican Par-
did not know whether a final
decision would be reached by the
end of this week.
The White House announcement
was accompanied by these develop-
ments
1) United States disarmament
chief Wiliam C. Foster discussed
atomic test-ban safeguards at a
closed session of the Senate dis-
armament subcommittee. T h e
chairman, Sen. Hubert H. Hum-
phrey (D-Minn) reported Foster
said the United States has not yet
decided whether to modify the
safeguard proposals and still be-
lieves on-the-spot inspections are
needed to prevent cheating.
2) Foreign Secretary Lord Home
told the British Parliament that
the United States and Britain may
now propose easier terms for a
nuclear test-ban accord, but said
on-site inspections will still be
needed. British officials forecast a
revised United States-British plan
would be presented to the Geneva
disarmament conference within a
fortnight.
3) The United States govern-
ment kept a secrecy curtain
around a United States coast and
geodetic survey report on the May
1 French atomic explosion in the
Sahara desert.
The question of reducing in-
spection demands has been tossed
to Washington's decision-makers
as a result of project Vela, a
United States program aimed at
improving methods of detecting
below-ground atomic shots. Re-
cently announced results indicated
nuclear explosions underground
can be spotted at a greater dis-
tance than previously supposed.
Seek Terms
For ,Strike
WASHINGTON (AP)- The Gov-
ernment yesterday settled a long-
standing dispute between Pan
American World Airways and its
flight engineers while pushing
to solve a 33-day Eastern Air Lines
strike on similar terms.
Secretary of Labor Arthur J.
Goldberg said Eastern's president,
Malcolm MacIntyre, will attend a
meeting here this afternoon with
representatives of the engineers
and pilots unions in an effort to
button up an Eastern agreement.
If Eastern falls in line Goldberg
hoped to get American Airlines,
facing essentially the same prob-
lems, to initial a similar agree-
ment to solve the pilots-engineers
controversy over manning jet
planes.
The transport workers union,
affiliated with the AFL-CIO as'
are the pilots and engineers,'
meanwhile announced that ground
personnel of Pan American and
Northeast Airlines had voted to
authorize a strike.
For the moment the spotlight
is on Eastern, whose president,
MacIntyre, has twice rejected a7
settlement p 1 a n advanced by1
Goldberg similar to one acceptedI
by Pan American and, before that,
by Trans World Airlines.
Benh
Army Holds
Main Portion
Of Country
Ben Khedda Warns
Civil War Threatens
ALGIERS (P)-Algerian troops
rallying to Deputy Premier Ahmed
Ben Bella controlled three-fourths
of Algeria yesterday and moved
menacingly toward this capital
city.
Ben Bella claimed his forces have
achieved power over the country.
They have won battles for the big
cities with ease outside Algiers it-
self.
Premier Ben Youssef Ben Khed-
da, defended by soldiers still loyal
to his shaky government, warned
the new nation that civil war
threatened.
Attempt Block
His troops set up machine gun
defenses around the capital in an-
ticipation of a final assault on the
road to complete power for Ben
Bella.
A few ministers of the Ben
Khedda government fled to the
Kabylie Mountains to join with
some 8,000 guerrillas in a stand
against Ben Bella. From there they
called on the population and sol-
diers who fought for independence
from France to organize resistance
"in every town, village and ham-
let."
Ben Bella's followers seized the
East Algerian city of Constantine,
with some bloodshed. The Medi-
terranean seaport of Bone fell
without struggle and Ben Bella
controlled most of the major cities
but for the capital. Troop convoys
pulling Czech and Soviet cannon
rolled slowly eastward toward Al-
giers, roaring Ben Bella's name.
Raps French
Ben Khedda also charged last
night that the French planned to
intervene. Convoys of French
troops were on the highways in the
vicinity of Algiers, but it was im-
possible to determine their aim or
destination.
Ben Khedda was left alone in
the capital. Members of his gov-
ernment either left to join Ben
Bell's camp or planned a last-
ditch stand in the Kabylie Moun-
tains.
At a big outdoor meeting in
Tiaret, Ben Bella said his first ob-
jective would be agrarian reform.
Apportionment
In Wisconsin
Deemed Legal
MADISON (R)-A special master
held yesterday that Wisconsin's
present voting district alignment
does not violate the United States
Constitution and that a Federal
court suit to force reapportion-
ment should be dismissed.
The recommendation, from for-
mer state Supreme Court Justice
Emmert Wingert, temporarily sil-
enced a politically snarled session
of the state Legislature and ap-
peared to spell an end to plans
for reapportioning congressional
and legislative districts before the
election this fall.
"Existing apportionment . . .1
does not presently deny to plain-
tiffs any rights guaranteed to them
by the Constitution of the United
States," Wingert said in a prelim-
inary report to a panel of three
Federal judges.
Sella
4 *
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Swainson Asks
.Determined b
Districting
Population
Troops Aroach Algiers
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^ --^i
Advisor Unit
To Evaluate
Seat Schenme
Governor's Group
To Begin Studies
By PHILIP SUTIN
Governor John B. Swainson's
advisory committee on reappor-
tionlment will meet today to con-
sider the constitutionality of the
constitutional convention appor-
tionment plan and to lay ther
groundwork for studies of other
reapportionment schemes, Prof.
Samuel Eldersveld of the political
science department, a member of
the committee, said.i
The six-member committee had
been given the Con-Con scheme
apportioning districts on an 80 per
cent population and 20 per cent
area for a 38 seat Senate by the
governor at its first meeting Mon-
day, he said.
Prof. Eldersveld explained that
Swainson told the committee to
evaluate the various plans propos-
ed in. the Legislature and not to
devise an apportionment plan it-
self.
To Advise
"The committee's job is really,
very simple. It is to advise the
governor on the constitutionality,
soundness and feasibility of plans,"
he noted.
Prof. Eldersveld said that the
governor had not laid out any
specific guidelines, but that the
supreme court decision and the
1908 Constitution were fairly spe-
cific criteria to follow.
That constitution, he added, re-
quired that the Senate have 32
districts, conforming to county
lines which were apportioned "by
number of inhabitants."
Interpret Stand
The recent court decision inter-
preted this provision to mean that
there shall be no district two times
as great as any other district, Prof.
Eldersveld said.
Further, the decision laid heavy
emphasis on its opposition to arbi-
trary, irrationally conceived and
"invidiously discriminatory" reap-
portionment plans, he continued.
"There has been so little case
history in this area that the com-
mittee will have to feel its way
long beyond the 1908 Constitu-
tion," Prof. Eldersveld declared.
Officials Confer
On Congo Division
UNITED NATIONS (P) - The
United States, committed to re-
unification of the Congo by "all
possible measures" short of force,
sent three high officials here yes-
terday to talk with UN Acting Sec-
retary-General U Thant. Details
were not announced.
-AP Wirephoto
NEWS CONFERENCE-Martin Luther King declares a "Day of Penance" for a rock-throwing
incident after a marching demonstration of Negroes in Georgia. At the right is Wyatt T. Walker,
one of the leaders of the Albany movement.
Negroes Pass Day of Penance
ALBANY (AP)-Negroes signed
pledges last night to go to jail
as a mass marching demonstration
apparently was planned for to-
morrow after a "day of penance"
because of a flareup of violence.
"At 12:05 today the hour of
penance will be over and we must
take our stand," said integration
NATO Picks
Lemnitzer
PARIS P) - Gen. Lyman L.
Lemnitzer was approved unanim-
ously by the Atlantic Alliance yes-
terday to succeed Gen. Lauris
Norstad as Supreme Allied Com-
mander in Europe.
The name of the former chair-
man of the United States Joint
Chiefs of Staff was placed in nom-
ination by President John F. Ken-
nedy and indorsed at a special
meeting of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization's Permanent
Council.
Norstad resigned Saturday as
the European Chief of the 15-na-
tion alliance, effective about
Nov. 1.
There was no opposition to
Lemnitzer, but his selectionnmay
have been slightly delayed by
France. The French cabinet only
yesterday approved the nomina-
tion.
President De Gaulle has been
represented as annoyed at the
haste with which he thought
Washington was trying to put
through the appointment.
leader Rev. Ralph D. Abernathy.
Negroes were handed commit-
ment cards at a church rally after
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. told
them, "we can't stop now and we
won't stop now."
Declare Penance
King, who spent the day in
taverns, pool rooms and on street
corners urging Negroes to embrace
his nonviolent doctrine, declared a
24-hour period of penance be-
ginning at noon yesterday. He
asked his followers to pray for
some Negroes, among a crowd of
about 2,000, who last night tossed
rocks and bottles at police officers
after a marching demonstration.
The Albany Movement, begun
about three years ago, moved last
night into a highly organized phase
of its determined attack on segre-
gation in this southwest Georgia
city.
King urged the Negroes to in-
crease their voting strength by
rebistering, to follow a "selective
buying campaign" and stay non-
violent.
Other Marches
Abernathy indicated the possi-
bility of simultaneous marches in
other parts of the country in sup-
port of the Albany effort.
"We've heard from the state
house," said Abernathy, referring
to Gov. Ernest Vandiver's threat
to call out national guardsmen if
necessary for the preservation of
law and order here. "Now we want
to hear from the White House."
King said he and other adher-
ents to the passive resistance doc-
trine "abhor violence so much
that when it occurs in the ranks
of the Negro community, we as-
sume part of the responsibility
for it."
Gives Five
'Tests' Plans
Must Meet
Cautions Attemnpts
By Senate To Evade
High Court Decision
By MIICHAEL HARRAH
City Editor
Special To The Daily
LANSING-Gov. John B. Swain-
son made his position on reappor-
tionment of the state Senate crys-
tal-clear to the Legislature yester-
day: redistrict on the basis of
strict population or else.
In an address before a joint ses-
sion of the Legislature, the gov-
ernor pledged to approve any plans
meeting five basic tests:
1) There shall be 32 senatorial
districts.
2) These districts shall be com-
pact and contiguous.
3) They shall not breach county
lines.
4) The language creating the
new districts must be clear and
uncomplicated.
5) The population size of each
district must be within the limits
prescribed by the Supreme Court.
Opposes Primary
"Failure to redistrict according
to the court's mandate will mean
election of the Senate in a state-
wide primary, and I say to you
now: I am opposed to that,"
Swainson said.
The governor tried to impress
upon the Legislature "the import-
ance of reforging the mechanics
of democracy," and he virtually
demanded that each of the dis-
tricts be equal in population,
thpugh the state Supreme Court
order did not call for that.
He warned against trying to cir-
cumvent the court's d e c ision
"through inconceived proposals
that will only serve to compound
such artificial confusion," and he
called such a move "a great dis-
service to our people."
Cites Attempts
He was obviously referring to
Republican attempts to create dis-
tricts with unequal population,
which none the less comply with
the court decision.
The chief executive also de-
nounced the critics of the Supreme
Court in no uncertain terms. He
said that to disagree with the jus-
tices was one thing, but to de-
nounce them was quite another.
"These attacks are subversive to
good order and respect to the law.
To those who say that this deci-
sion was dictated by partisan con-
siderations, let us note that the
court has the same political com-
plexion as two years ago, when it
rejected the same suit."
Not Unique
He noted that "this is not a
problem unique to Michigan," and
he called upon the Legislature to
act sensibly as other states are
doing.
Reaction to the speech was var-
ied. In behalf of his party, Speaker
of the House Don R. Pears (R-
Buchanan) denounced the whole
thing as "a desperate attempt to
impose the will of a small faction
upon the people of Michigan."
The speaker pointed out that the
governor's words "fly in the very
teeth of the same court he defends.
He calls for a strict population ap-
portionment, but the court asks no
such thing. This is nothing but a
maneuver to give the control of
the state of Michigan over to the
city of Detroit, and that I do not
believe was the intent of the
court."
Democrats generally agreed with
the governor, but they were by no.
VRC Discharges Patients
In First Step of Shutdown
By GERALD STORCH
Patients are being discharged as rapidly as possible from the
Veterans Readjustment Center, its director said last night.
As of yesterday morning, there were only 17 in-patients, in
comparison to the average of 33 handled by the VRC before it was
ordered last month by the state Legislature to close down by Sept. 1,
Prof. M. M. Frohlich reported.
The number of out-patients-about 70-remains the same how-
ever.
It is still unclear as to where patients whose psychiatric treat-
ment will not be completed will transfer, he said. The Legislature
switched the center's traditional
appropriation and function to a
soldiers home in Grand Rapids
due to what Prof. Frohlich called
"rumors that we serve few patients
at excessive expense."
POTS, PAINTINGS, PHOTOS:
Art Fair Sets Up Shop on Sou
tit& v~
Facility LimitedI
He said that the Grand Rapids
By KATHLEEN MOORE facility at present is unable to
take care of psychiatric cases, al-
"It's just like Greenwich Village," one merchant said last night, though there is a slight possibility
gazing at what by now is a complex of "galleries" filling two blocks the home can install a psychiatric
of. South University.
For weeks the area's businessmen have been building the;
structure-physical and organizational-for the third annual "Street
Art Fair."
Display Works
Only slowly have the artists come out of hiding, bringing with
them completed works and the tools to make more in front of the
public. Slowly pots, paintings and photos-some with price tags-
crop up in South University shop windows. And today the collection
ward.
In-patients will be transferred to
whatever facilities are available.
Some of the out-patients also will
be transferred to other institu-
tions, some to state hospitals.
Prof. Frohlich said the current
VRC staff would take care of the
rest on the physicians' own time
and expense in order to save the
. ..........