Seventy-First Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN here Opinions Are FreUNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Truth Will Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MIcH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. DAY, JUNE 27, 1961 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL OLINICK "If They Go for This, How Much Shall We Make 'Em Pay Next Time?" ii - -y .I e t 5 - - - \ 11 -- / , / ,; (:lws COtE i ,-, AT THE CAMPUS: Stockwell Unconvincing As Son and Lover IF IT WEREN'T for Dean Stockwell, "Sons and Lovers" might an excellent film. The movie version of the D. H. Lawrence novel centers aroun theme of personal freedom vs. belonging. The idea, expressed Stockwell, is that if you belong to another person, you can ne be free to be yourself or to make your fullest contribution to lifc Stockwell realizes this truth at the end of the movie after death of his mother, who had dominated his mind and work his life. He discovers that even though he loved and admired 1 he had never been free while under her influence. He wants Racial Census at WSU: Discrimination in Reverse; THE UNITED STATES is facing two great problems-or so our political commentators tell us. The threat from abroad is the grim menace of international Communism; the crisis from within is our inability to guaran- tee equal rights to all the nation's citizens. Manifestations of both .appear in the sum- mary of any given day's news items. Nowherea have they occurred with more bitterness and public debate than at Wayne State Univer- sity. The fear of Communist infiltration and prop- aganda drove nearly 70,000 Michigan residents to protest the lifting of a ban prohibiting Communist lecturers on tho WSU campus. The Detroit university's firmness in backing up its decision (its one instance of wavering led to a very unsuccessful court fight for WSU) en- ranged at least one state senator-and WSU was the only major state supported university to receive a reduced appropriation. TODAY WSU is in the midst of a controversy over racial discrimination. The firing of a Negro mimeograph operator has led the state Fair Employment Practices Commission to de- mand a "racial census" of the university's non- academic employes. The FEPC wants to know if WSU uses racial criteria in determining who should get what job. The FEPC demand, now under study by the state attorney general, is neither constructive nor consistent with the philosophy the com- mission is pledged to follow. Supporters of the census claim it will re- veal discrimination if it is practiced (contrary to WSU policy). If there are concentrations of one racial group at one level of responsibility or in one area of work, they argue, discrimina- tion charges may be upheld. Now this is a fair belief--if all men have the same ability and training and differ only in color of skin and if the laws of probability and random distribution insure a uniform distribu- oin the Club President Joaquin Balaguer of the Dominican Republic has ordered a reorganization of his country's secret police, who will now bear the "CIA" initials so familiar to Americans. This is an excellent idea. The Dominican CIA will be headed by a new man, while its old chief goes to the embassy in Tokyo. If this innovation proves a success, Balaguer may rename tommy guns, hand grenades and other governmental apparatus that have ac- quired old-fashioned connotations. Not only that, but President Kennedy may learn that it is possible to fire a CIA chief, with god-knows-what unforeseen result. With fore- sight we may yet stay even with the Dominicans in our two-man race for prestige among our neighbors. -P. STEINBERGER tion of people. Unfortunately neither of these are true. EVEN IF ALL the WSU personnel were hired and placed strictly randomly (an anarch- istic nightmare), it is possible that there would be an uneven distribution of races at one par- ticular level or in one specific job classifica- tion. The only way WSU could guarantee "fair" distribution would be to select employes with the deliberate intent of maintaining a certain percentage of whites and non-whites in every job classification. This would necessitate using race as a criterion for job selection, an action surely reprehensible in the eyes of the FEPC, even though it might benefit minority groups. As for the other condition, one must real- istically note that not all of the Detroit labor force has had a uniform educational, social or economic background. Certain disparities in job distribution are boufid to occur. All these negative factors aside, let us grant that the census may fill a constructive pur- pose. Even so, the FEPC will be violating its principles, the principles of a just man in a free society, if it requests the census. THE FAIR Employment Practices Act, which the commission enforces,/specifically for- bids Michigan employers from asking job ap- plicants for their race or keeping employe rec- ords which include such designations. Although the applicant's race may be known by his initial interviewer and his religion guessed at (by those who maintain they can "spot" theological leanings in the hook of a nose or manner of dress), the law aids workers against these discriminations by future admin- istrators. When the personnel officer is con- sidering the promotion of a mimeograph oper- ator he has never seen, he has only the man's work record before him. Wayne officials have assured the FEPC that the employe in question was dismissed for lack of competency, not because of racial discrimi- nation. The FEPC may have a right-legal and moral-to ask the university what standards of performance it requires at different job levels and require WSU to demonstrate in what way a particular employe was deficient and others are not. If the FEPC is able to demonstrate that the university does indeed discriminate, to demonstrate it by actual cases and not by a meaningless census, some good may be affected. THE FEPC is demanding that WSU do some- thing which the commission itself is pledged to prevent. The senselessness of the commis- sion's position-its angry, unknowing attempt to destroy itself--could be the object of come- dy's laughs.or the tears of tragedy. But the deep degree to which the problem of arbitrary discrimination afflicts us and the es- sential nature of the problem' as a basic one of man living with man rule out any suggestion of a smile over the WSU controversy. --MICHAEL OLINICK FEDERAL AID TO EDUCATION: more of such entangling alliances and goes off to London with his lonely greatness. * * - OTHER PEOPLE, notably the women in Stockwell's life, concede the need of independence for full self-expression, but admit they are too weak to try going it alone. Heather Sears, who doesn't seem to have learned much from her sad affair in "Room at the Top," would like to marry Stock- well to save him from himself. Mary Uire, a suffragette who advocates free thought, free speech, free religion and free love, has a brief affair with him and then decides to return to her es- tranged husband because he needs her and she needs to belong to someone. Stockwell's mother, who disap- proves of Sears because she is after her son's "very soul," de- mands a part in every idea and action.1 In the end, Stockwell is left free as he wanted to be, with the. rueful blessings of Miss Ure and Miss Sears who know they can never possess him and are grate- ful for having been a part of his life. * * * IT WOULD all be terribly mov- ing if only the audiencecould be convinced Stockwell were worth all the sacrifice. The character he portrays might indeed have be- come a great man. Stockwell, how- ever, is nothing but a cold, self- ish and rather immature boy who takes all and gives nothing in re- turn. He is almost too good looking, combining a handsomely boyish face with a childish petulance and stlyized, unnatural diction. Unless. you are to believe he will outgrow his selfishness as soon as you walk out of the theatre, you won- der what all the fuss is about and conclude that the women are well rid of him. Brightening up the main feature (it's black and white with quick fadeouts from all the promising- looking love scenes) is a cartoon about a Gremlin who loves people and proves that good spirits ;make, good neighbors., * * * THERE 13 ALSO a technicolor junket around the world via jet' on a "Ten Pin Tour". 'his short is very encouraging to anyone wor- ried about, the ore ent world situ- ation since it proves tcyond a doubt that the United States, since it has AMF pinspotters will be the salvation of Western cul - ture-unless of course. the Rus- sians get a better system of pin spotters perfected. All in all, if you missed "Room at the Top" you'd probably enjoy "Sons and Lovers". Unless of course, you'd prefer to go bowling. -Judith Oppenheim Steer Politics Block Bill's Progress AT THE MICHIGAN: A 13urn Israeli Justice and U.S. Morality AS EICHMANN'S trial draws to a close, it is becoming obvious that the Israelis have failed in what was to them a major goal of the prosecution. They wanted to show the world the details of the Nazi extermination policy, and thus cause a general and public rejection of anti- semitism. Also, and somewhat contradictorily, they wanted to warn their Arab neighbors and assorted others that it doesn't pay to kill Jews. Thus, while they appeal to our decency in hoping the Nazi horrors will revolt us, they also admit that to some, at least, only scares and reprisals will have any effect. But in both of these goals they have failed-- failed in frightening the "bad guys" because they haven't won over their supposed friends. AND EICHMANN, in defending himself before the judges in Jerusalem, has asked the question that makes it impossible for us or any one else to support his prosecution. His question has been, how can the Israelis punish a man who was just following 'his orders, regardless of what those orders were; hoy can they single out one man among many for punishment? We do not like to hear of a man punished only for doing his duty, for doing a good job. We can approve any punishment for a per- sonal fault-for lust, or greed, or perverted ambition. But Eichmann, as has become only too clear, is the sufferer of none of these diseases. As the trial progressed he turned out to be an almost proto-typical German petty bureaucrat. His love for efficiency, plus an entirely normal ambition, turned out to be the forces driving MICHAEL BURNS ..................... Co-Editor SUSAN FARRELL................Co-Editor DAVE KIMBALL... ...... ........ sports Editor RUTH EVENHUIS................Night Editor MICHAEL OLINICK ................. Night Editor him. And this is a truth we can't understand, and one we don't dare try to. THIS ISN'T TO SAY that Americans love Eichmann, or that they don't want to see him punished. They do. Until now they have seen him as some sort of ogre, some strange, unnatural freak who liked to torture people and drink their blood. But these incredibly arrogant Jews are vic- tims of no such illusion; they do not see Eich- mann through Hollywood horror glasses. They see him in his true-that is, his human-aspect. And if they kill him they will kill a human being for breaking their own moral law which they say holds true for everybody. It is this stand that has made the world angry with them. We cannot pose with the moral arrogance of the Israelis and for better or worse we are embarrassed at our own lack of absolute morality., We can cover up this lack by equating break- ing laws with doing evil, but obviously this sort of convenience falls down when the lawmakers themselves are judged. The Israelis, in. kidnapping Eichmann, em- phasized what nobody wanted pointed out- that international law exists, not because supra- national justice does, but because it doesn't. And in kidnapping for what they called abso- lute justice the Israelis made this too plain. NOW THAT WE KNOW that Eichmann is not really an ogre, we can't approve of punishing him. If Eichmann was not really a monster but merely an efficient organizer, there is no difference in kind between him and the other officers who knew what he was doing, and fought to uphold it and defend it. And in our simplistic morality this is what we demand: a difference in kind. To punish someone for being an extreme case is a fright- ening thought because then even we are guilty to some degree. That we didn't take in Jewish refugees before the Germans killed them is a mark against us. And having only a little guilt still makes it theoretically possible that some day we might hb mnre iltv This tnn is a very tedious RARELY has any legislation run such a hazardous gauntlet as the $2.4 billion aid to education bill. The action of advocates of aid for parochial schools in blocking con- sideration of it by the House of Representatives is only the latest of its vicissitudes, and plainly not the last. The idea that limited federal aid should be supplied to encourage states to greater efforts to im- prove their schools had wide ap- peal. But proposals to this effect immediately encountered political toll gates. One was the demand that it should be made to appear that even the richer states (al- though actually contributing more than they would receive) would draw some federal (?) money. A SECOND OBSTACLE was the segregation controversy. The threat to bar funds from any segregated school faded because most of those favoring desegrega- tion also favored the bill and were unwilling to play the dog in the manger. But some of them felt a high price was being paid. For not only would segregated schools get help; some Southerners in Congress forced a provision for extra allotments to their states on the basis of need. A further hazard was the de- mand for parochial aid. This year the Roman Catholic bishops took the position that it must be in- cluded or their influence would be thrown against any public school aid. They may not have hoped to obtain across-the-board direct grants, for the constitu- tional barriers were plain and the President was committed against such aid. Instead they were of- fered a considerable measure of gain by way of a major expan- sion of the National Defense Ed- ucation Act. IN ITS PRESENT FORM this bill does not provide grants. But it does offer some real aid to paro- chial schools-and has been pre- pared frankly to satisfy that de- mand. It is also openly designed to answer the search for a vehicle which might slip around or over the constitutional wall separating church and state. Members of Congress who support the bishops' position are seeking to make this revised NDEA bill their price for any public school aid. This purpose was plainly dis- closed in the vote last Tuesday in the House Rules Committee fur- ther holding up the general aid Warning "Laws forbidding dissent do not prevent subversive activities; they merely drive them into more se- cret and more dangerous chan- nels . . Once a government is committed to the principle of silencing the voice of opposition, it has only one way to go and that is down the path of increasingly repressive measures, until it be- comes a source of terror to all its citizens and creates a country where everyone lives in fear. We must, therefore, be on our guard SCHOOL BOARD: Partisan Elections By RUTH EVENHUIS Daily Staff Writer PARTISAN politics were involved in the city school board elec- tions for the first time this year. The city and county Republican committees backed three candi- dates for the traditionally non- partisan offices. Republican Coun- ty Chairman Wendell W. Hobbs said that since only 10-15 per cent of the registered voters take part in the elections, the party's ma- jor objective was to promote a larger turn-out. A secondary ob- jective, he said, is to put people of Republican philosophy on the school board. (Major tenets of Re- publican philosophy as they affect the board are local control of the schools and a balanced budget, according to Hobbs.) Hobbs said that because school board positions are in their con- ception non-partisan, there would be no attempt by the committee to influence the decisions of par- ty-backed members. However, he noted that the individual's deci- sions are inevitably related to his political beliefs and that, for this reason, the party is backing can- didates. The decision to do so was part of the county platform. * * * THE RESULTS of the recent election indicate that the new policy had little success in attain- ing its objectives. Although there was a fairly substantial increase over last year's turnout-656 vot- ters more than in 1960-the in- crease is not large in relation to. recent years. In 1957, for example, 4,314 persons went to the polls as opposed to 4,250 this year. In a strongly Republican area, the election results in this and past elections have not been what could be expected. Past elections have given Democrats a majority on the board. This year's results repeated the pattern. Three Republican candi- dates received party backing for the three positions open. Of these, one-Prof. George Lowrey of the medical school-was elected. Thus, the new policy cannot be said to' have had notable success in achieving its second objective - that of placing persons of Repub- lican philosophy on the board. * * * ITS SUCCESS in this endeavor is further diminished by the at- titude of the only Republican can- didate elected who said he had not seen the platform "until after the endorsement. I do not feel I would follow Republican policy for school boards." Viewed pragmatically, then, par- shift the emphasis from personal qualifications to party affilia- tions. In effect, then, board members are .determined eventually by those members of the committee who select the candidates for backing. The electorate's direct influence over the school board is considerably diminished. Arthur E. Carpenter, vice-chair- man of the city Democratic Party, said that the Michigan school system "contemplates local control of the schools through non-parti- san elections of the best qualified people in the community. "Voters in Ann Arbor school elections are interested in schools and they, with rather unerring judgment, have seen fit to continue their policy of voting on quality and not party. The results of the recent election have rather con- clusively demonstrated the falla- cies of their (the Republicans') arguments." * * * SECOND, there is the question of the extent to which the com- mittee would influence the mem- bers elected with its support. Al- though Hobbs says there would be no political persuasion leveled upon any such members, political considerations are almost inevi- table. The party is unlikely to endorse a candidate twice who has opposed Republican policy during his term. There is also the danger, derived from this pressure on a member who intends to seek re-election, that politics may tend to obscure issues, or that the board, encumb- ered by political entanglements, might make - decisions based on political considerations. Political backing, by its nature, places can- didates in a position which cir- cumscribes their decision-making latitude. Involving the school board in partisan politics is a high price for inducing a greater percentage of voters to go to the polls. The qual- ity of board members and their freedom of action should not be sacrificed to a higher voting tally. Perhaps a smaller number of in- formed voters casting their ballots for individuals of their choosing is preferable to a larger number of voters relying on the judgment of their political party. Example "Now, when this country is try- ing to spread the high ideals of bill (which was reported a month ago) until concurrent considera- tion can be obtained for the paro- chial school bill. Its advocates will then be in a position to make one dependent on the other-effec- tively thwarting the President's plea to deal with the two questions separately. Tactically, opponents of any AT THE STATE Thicker Plot, Less Song, But Elvis Is Elvis ELVIS PRESLEY runs "Wild in the Country" in his latest cinema effort, tasting the fruits of forbidden loves. Supported by not one, not two, but three female co-stars the greasy-haired rock 'n roll idol finally learns that although truth may be found in one's own backyard, knowledge must be obtained in the halls of ivy. Presley is cast as Glenn Tyler, a poor misunderstood country youth who is mistreated by his father and drunken brother. He is school aid have been in the driv- er's seat. For they have been forc- ing proponents to pay tribute to one group after another in order. to obtain support. But as the price continues to mount it becomes too high for other groups. Where the voting balance falls is very much in doubt. -Christian Science Monitor " HE Pleasure of His Company" is the story of a father who tries to wreck his daughter's im- pending marriage on the grounds that the bridegroom is an oaf. Fred Astaire is the father; the oaf is Tab Hunter. And the girl in the middle is Debbie Reynolds. Tab raises angus steers, and, in fact, looks forward happily to be- coming "the biggest breeder in California." Debbie, too, seems happy about sharing this prospect -until the father (divorced from the mother who raised her) comes back with a plea for love. * * * A SENSUALIST who seeks daii ger and fun, father has spent his life the way Errol Flynn would if he were Hemingway in disguise. And to Lillie Palmer (the bride's mother) he is just a valuable memory and an embarrassing man to introduce to her new husband. But while the scenes between Astaire and Miss Palmer are amusing and well written, the father-daughter scenes leave a little to be desired. When first they meet (he haven't seen her for years and years) the tears rush into all four eyes: She: You're here. He: Yes. She: I wasn't sure you'd come. He: You could have been. She: I'm so glad. Hello father! He: Hell6 daughter. (They em- brace.) * * * SOON THE BATTLE LINES are drawn: it's dad offering Debbie a year touring the Mediterranean, and Tab offering her a good simple and productive life. Which will she choose? The daughter's decision is not so simple as it might be because her father is a complicated man. While deeg philosophy is played down to make room for the crisp dialogue, dad's problems are of real interest, even to the audience. He is devoid of social respon- sibilities,eand=has cultivated no- thing except his appetites. But he is charming, and tears (of ad- mittedly uncertain origin) do come to his eyes when the ladies smile at him. He constantly lets his sweethearts peep through a "stoic" curtain, so they will see the world-suffering beneath. And faced with this romatic peep- show, the ladies usually fall. Meanwhile, Tab moos in the background. -Peter Steinberger framed into several scrapes with the law and is placed on proba- tion. Torn between two juvenile loves -of Millie Perkins (her father thinks Elvis is trash like his fam- ily) and Tuesday Weld (her fath- er wants Elvis to sleep with her so they have to get married)-El- vis turns to the understanding of an older woman, a young widow portrayed by Hope Lange. * * * WHEN ELVIS becomes roman- tically entangled with the older woman, a town scandal is created. The action reaches its climax when he is accused of intention- ally killing a son of one of the Mississippi town's richest citi- zens. The film's greatest drawback is that it attempts to appeal to everyone. Teenage female stars cast opposite Presley are certain to create box-office landslides. Millie Perkins and Tuesday Weld (who looks like a younger- Brigitte Bardot) turn in credit- able performances as Good Clean Girl and Misguided Once-Fallen Girl respectively. Miss Lange's portrayal is also adequate. PRESLEY'S acting is as usual unconvincing. His lines are either LETTERS to the EDITOR .. To the Editor. My attention has been called to an editorial in The Daily of May 4, signed by.Michael Olinick, charging the Civil Service Com- mission with operating on a prin- ciple of guilt by association, be- cause of questions asked on "Op- tional Form 49," an -inquiry form sent to an applicant's former em- ployers, professors, associates, etc. While the writer concedes that the Supreme Court has sustained the right to ask questions about personal associations, he seems to be confused about the use made of the information. Personal as- sociations are just one of many things taken into consideration in arriving at a judgment about the loyalty to the United States of an applicant for a Federal posi- tion. The fact that an applicant's associations a e brought into ques- tion is not in itself disqualifying; it is merely a starting point for ,.