^. Seventy-First Year -.. - EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 'Where Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Truth Will Preval' STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. s, Phone NO 2-3241 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. THURSDAY, AUGUST 3, 1961 NIGHT EDITOR: JUDITH OPPENHEIM UNIVERSITY PLAYERS. 'Rashomon' Illuminates Truth Cost-Study Group Wastes Time, Money, Effort LAST CONCERT: T FIRST GLANCE, the new study of col- lege costs initiated by a legislative com- mittee Tuesday appears to be a neglectful waste of public money. A second look confirms this suspicion. Sen. Frank Beadle's joint interim committee on higher education has hired the A. C. Lamb Associates to survey cost per student credit hour at Michigan State, Wayne State and Western Michigan universities. Lamb is sup- posed to deliver his results by the time the Legislature reconvenes in January. For the average Michigan citizen, already tightly pinching his pockets, the committee's move has all the earmarks of those consulta- tions with tax "experts" which always cost much more than is actually saved. FIRST OF ALL there is great doubt whether, Lamb can finish his study by January. If he doesn't, projected surveys of the other six state-supported colleges and universities will be put off indefinitely. Any action based on the findings might be held up, possibly until past appropriations time next spring. And there are those who question the qual- ity of Lamb's office. The Detroit firm has been mainly concerned with advising people on maintenance costs: how to put a physical plant to the best possible use, when to schedule jani- tors hours and the like. This, of course, does not preclude the pos- sibility that Lamb will do an adequate and ob- jective job. Since there are few institutions set up outside the colleges which have much in- terest or experience in conducting the study Sen. Beadle wants, one could excuse the com- mittee for hiring the group it did. One could, that is, if he didn't examine the situation more closely and discover that studies precisely like the one the legislators want have already been done or are now in progress. These studies, moreover, have been financed and ordered by the legislators. And they are handled by men who know education best - the educators themselves. FEW YEARS AGO the state Legislature authorized John Dale Russell to conduct an exhaustative review of higher education, ask- ing him to outline practices, spot excesses, and recommend necessary changes. The multi- volume report - which cost citizens more than $60,000 - has been largely ignored by our representatives in Lansing. They haul it out occasionally to remind a university that Rus- sell says his school can save half a million dollars a year. The university expresses" its willingness to make the economic paring, but asks the legislator to remember that Russell also recommends an additional $5 million for the school. The report is quickly withdrawn from sight. Today, the Council of State College Presi- dents and its newly appointed executive secre- tary Prof. M. Merritt Chambers are bringing into concrete figures a June decision to adopt uniform methods of reporting instructional loads and enrollment as well as uniform ac- counting procedures. r F THE LAMB GROUP works with Chambers and the council, efforts to "standardize" the credit hour could be accelerated. If, however, the Legislature blocks co-operation on the grounds that the educators would ruin the "objectivity" of the study, only needless repeti- tion of work will result. This duplication of time and effort merits an added grimace since the citizen pays both bills. For the council's money comes from the budgets of the colleges, budgets derived in large part from legislative appropriations. Some of the state universities have already conducted such cost studies for themselves. The University began serious continuing studies of costs nearly 40 years ago. Wayne and MSU have both done extensive research in this area. They present their analyses of cost per credit hour to the Legislature each spring and these, again, are mainly ignored. THE FEAR (not totally unfounded) exists that the Lamb study will also be shelved in a dim corner and forgotten unless it demon- strates that large areas of economic reform exist and that the colleges are wasting too many dollars. A budget for higher education cannot be based on average costs per student credit hour. To try means facing the administrative somer- saults and hoop-jumping necessary to fit such diverse costs as library catalogers, lecture com- mittees, and lawn cutting into this rigid pat- tern. One then falls into the dangerous error of neglecting variance within the average. Quality is not considered nor is the university's obligation to offer highly costly instruction in areas of little enrollment which are essential to an institution devoted to the development of man and his society: Space navigation, south- east Asian languages or Egyptian papyri. THE LAMB STUDIES at best can be a guide; at worst, a weapon hurled with strength and ignorance. To obtain the former the Legis- lators can rely on the colleges themselves: they know the situation well, have the figures ready, and are already being paid to do it. To avoid the latter. the Legislature needs the experience and knowledge of the educators to interpret the data and give it proper significance. -MICHAEL OLINICK "RASHOMON" is an experiment in Truth-and last night it was a successful one. As the fourth production in the Summer Playbill, "Rashomon" made tentative explorations into the souls of four people: a samurai warrior, his wife, a notorious ban- dit, and a peasant woodcutter. Based on stories by Ryunosuke Akatagawa, and adapted for the stage by Faye and Michael Kanin, it still comes out as a simple par- able with the moral: truth is not an absolute. THE PLOT is rudimentary. Its development is skillfully accom- plished through use of flashback and fadeout techniques: a samurai warrior and his wife are traveling through the woods, the samurai is killed and his wife raped, a bandit is arrested and accused, and each tells his version of the incident. First to explain the sequence of events is Tajomuru, the bandit. Carlton Berry, in this first version of the "truth," was full of bravado and contempt for recognized au- thority. The next witness was the wife, tearfully played by Virginia Teare and assisted in the telling by her mother, Barbara Sittig, a woman deluded by grandeur into telling "insignificant" lies. * * * THE SAMURAI, too, is allowed to tell all, through the intercession of a medium; his story is as dif- ferent from the two preceding versions as they were from each other. In each of the scenes, the trio re-enacts the sequence of the ac- tion according to the narrator's version; therefore, in each scene, each actor assumes a completely different character. Each scene also adds another layer to the audience's conception of what the "truth" really is, and it takes a fourth version, that of an eye- witness (who , is presumably dis- interested in the personality con- flicts among the trio) to reveal the sequence of events as they actu- ally occurred. * * * THE SEQUENCE of flashbacks is interspersed with a series of scenes involving the woodcutter -Daily-Larry Jacobs Beethoven, Bartok Great; Quartet Disappointing THE MUSIC WAS GREAT. Had the performance been equal to the music, the Stanley Quartet would have received the applause a group of four excellent musicians deserves for presenting the music. Last night's program began with the Haydn quartet in B-flat major, Op. 76, No. 4. While not particularly amazing music, the classically constructed quartet was pleasant. A playful cat-and-mouse chaseA around a violin motif gave a lively ending- to the finale. But the first indication of trouble came in the adagio, where sev- eral entrances were not made together. The distraction of a woman Y (the fourth witness), a monk, and an incorrigible vulgarian of a wig- maker, who plays a sort of Japan- ese Falstaffian counterpoint to the desperate dialogue of the other two. The last act, in contrast with the first, is comic relief; yet the jarring note of truth is still there at the end of the play. The costumes (for all we, know) seemed quite authentic-the sa- murai looked like a bold olden warrior, jaw jutting out fiercely; his wife had just the right amount of rice powder to give her that genteel geisha look, though she was as tall as he; and Bandit Berry managed to look tough and grubby, The music was a little too loud and jarring at times, and the setting could have ventured a little more into the realm of the ab- stract, but these are picayune points: "Rashomon" is well worth seeing. -Selma Sawaya conspicuously copying out musicr front row, right in front of the Quartet and the audience, ought, however, to be charged to the Quartet's credit. BEETHOVEN'S F major quar- tet, Op. 135, finished the first half of the program. The remarkable fact that a Beethoven quartet was fitted on the same half of a pro- gram with another full quartet is an indication of the extreme con- densation of the Beethoven. His last completed work (finished a few months before his death) the quartet is laconic in texture and incredibly sparing in musical ma- terials. The entire first movement is built essentially on one theme. In the scherzo which follows, Bee- thoven constructs an exciting, energetic movement on no more than permutations of the first three notes of "Three Blind Mice." The beautiful simplicity of the lento movement stems from its staying entirely in one key, al- though there is a variation in modality in the middle. In the forced good humor of the finale, there is again a harmonic lean- ness. GRANTED that the Beethoven was technically very difficult, there were still unfortunate sections where notes were out of tune. Sudden, unexpected changes of tempo accompanied the entrance of some members of the quartet. But, in comparison with its first performance this summer, the Quartet seemed much more co- ordinated. Mr. Jelinek's careful watching of the other members of the Quartet during the per- formance helped. Bartok's firat quartet concluded the program. The first movement was built around a fugue and a syncopated rhythmic pattern. The second movement followed without interruption, introducing more thematic material which reap- peared in the final Allegro vivace. The Masterful structuring of the last movement, with an indepen- dent, difficult line for each mem- ber of the Quartet, was again marred by bad intonation on some of the high notes. -Joel Cohen Nether World 'THE PREPARATION (for to- talitarian government) has succeeded when people have lost contact with their fellow men as well as the reality around them; for together with these contacts, men lose the capacity of both ex- perience and thought. "The ideal subject of totalitar- ian rule is not the convinced Nazi or the convinced Communist, but people for whom the distinction between fact and fiction (i.e., the reality of experience) and the dis- tinction between true and false (i.e., the standards of thought) no longer exist." -Hannah Arendt manuscript in the middle of the CAMPUS: 'Dreams' Unfulfilled " REAMS" is Bergman's most intricate and yet most care- fully balanced film. It studies love and 'loneliness through the eyes of a young woman unwilling to accept her boyfriend and an older woman too much in love with a married businessman. The young one, a model, accom- panies the older, the photographer who pays her, on a trip to a near- by city. While the photographer begs for an interview with her lover, the young girl goes off like a marzipan piggy, to be discov- ered by a mysterious elderly gen- tleman. The stranger buys her a dress, a necklace and even some pastry. And while the piggy studiously licks clean her cake fork, her es- cort studies her as if she were an experiment. SHE IS SO HAPPY at being in the company of one who doesn't demand kisses and attentions from her (like the boyfriend she has broken with), that she doesn't realize this. The stranger, by deny- ing all but fantastical motives for himself, hopes for the pleasure of her company without the respon- sibility for her welfare. Neither he nor the young girl wish to be lonely; and yet, being both unready for responsibility to- ward others, they try a "non- functional" fantasy game to get benefits without liabilities. But the game, which the old man is playing consciously, falls for him, and he falls, cutting his hand so that the girl will have to bind it. And on the perverted mothering she can offer him he seizes fast, anxious to end the game the girl still plays, MEANWHILE, the "interview" the photographer had been ask- ing ceases quickly to be of the last good-bye variety, and turns suf- ficiently torrid to appease the ex- pectations the lady brought with her. But the lover can't be pried from his family-not because he loves his wife too strongly, but be- cause he is too tired to start all over. So the photographer accepts loneliness, and when the husband offers to renew the affair his cowardice is too obvious to make the offer a temptation.. The marzipan piggy goes back to the boyfriend, and the photog- rapher takes her pictures-pic- tures that appear in magazines, and, though themselves of only shadow utility, keep the economy functioning for everybody else -Peter Steinberger I INTERPRETING THE NEWS: Vision of the Future 40 Million Frenchmen... ONCE UPON A TIME there was a slogan that "40 million Frenchmen can't be wrong.' It was used to sell ice-cream and perfume. Now Britain and the United States are fall- ing for it and buying a "gradualist" French position on Bizerte, a "calm" appraisal on whether or not to define Algeria as Arab so long as it doesn't have oil, and similar queer postures on all sorts of matters. What secret power does de Gaulle possess? The answer is simple: his allies fear that if Frenchmen feel humiliated by being forced to withdraw from Bizerte, de Gaulle will be over- thrown. France would then be ruled by a right-wing military dictatorship that has been predicted in countless dire mutterings among army per- sonnel. ITS MEMBERS would reinstitute a large-scale drive to wipe out the Algerian rebels, and would probably toughen up its prison camps and torture procedure in Algeria until all Africa would hate the West most cordially. Also, these right-wing militarists who actual- ly stand an excellent chance of some day get- ting into power would be proud owners of atom bombs, and full members of NATO, com- plete with United States blessings and a share of the voting stock. Nevertheless, no one in the Alliance suggests to de Gaulle that he spend less time killing Tunisians and more time considering the Ar- my's personnel problems. That would be med- dling. BRITAIN has even decided that closer bonds are needed with these lunatics, so-if it's at all possible-it will join a Common Market which aims, eventually, at a United States of Europe. (Like, Mr. Macmillan doubtless knows what he's doing( but I wouldn't let my Subjects run around with a bunch of hoodlums like that.) Even if the other NATO powers don't care if they are hated by the rest of the world, they should force de Gaulle to end the threat of a right-wing coup, and should help him do this -with troops, if necessary. This isn't high strategy any more. It's self defense. -PETER STEINBERGER By J. M. ROBERTS Associated Press News Analyst THEBRITISH DECISION to join the European Commom Market, if she can without too greatly disrupting the Common- wealthheconomic system, repre- sents the passage of a milepost on a course which history has been takingthroughout this cen- tury. The eventual end of national- istic trade barriers throughout the non-Communist world is now clearly discernible. So is the prospect that the United States will ultimately join the Europeans and make their Common Market a common North Atlantic market. There may be a tendency in the United States at first to defend itself, through trade regulations, against the organized competition of the great new trade unit abroad which soon willencompass the production of 216 million people in Europe. IN ADDITION, through special arrangements which are expected, there will be a connection between the European Common Market and the nearly 500 million people of the British Commonwealth and other African connections and 42 million in French-connected Afri- ca. Many American business men see a prospect that improved busi- ness in the areas affected by the Common Market, while furnish- ing some competition, will also mean a vastly enlarged and im- proved ability to buy American products. The power of discrimination, however, is inherent, and there can be little doubt that it will be used if economic trouble comes to Europe, as it has been used at times in the past and as it is be- ing used to some extent even now. * * * JUST SUCH TROUBLE has forced Britain to revamp her tra- ditional policy of aloofness from the continent, and one day the United States will very probably find herself in the same position. There is not much dread of it here. For 30 years the United States has been moving toward freer international trade prac- tices, and she has officially en- couraged this European, develop- ment throughout two Democratic and one Republican administra- tions. The British decision to join, provided expectable accommoda- tions are offered by Europe for her special insular economy and her relations with the Common- wealth, marks great change in the world order, just as the now fore- seeable European political union will mark the completion of a revolution BRITAIN'S commercial legions which once marched across the face of the whole earth have now been pushed back nearer to cen- ter, and ever since World War I it has appeared that her economy will not forever support even the 52 million people which now in- habit the island. Her time of change is by no means over, nor is America's. PowUner Deranged "A MASS cannot govern. The , people, as Jefferson said, are not 'qualified to exercise them- selves the Executive Department; but they are qualified to name the person who shall exercise it ... They are not qualified to leg- islate with us;gtherefore they only choose the legislators.' "Where mass opinion domin- ates the government, there is a morbid derangement of the true functions of power The derange- ment brings about the enfeeble- ment, Verging on paralysis, of the capacity to govern. This break- down in the constitutional order is the cause of the precipitate and catastrophic decline of western society. It may, if it cannot be arrested and reversed, bring about the fall of the West." -Walter Lippmann RHETORIC: U.S. Lacks Philosophy 'THE GREAT RANGE and va- riety of life in America does not include a great range and variety of political statement, much less of political alternative. "Although only the liberals are captured by it; all of them use the liberal rhetoric. The stereo- type of America as a progressive and even a radical country finds its anchorage only in its techno- logical sphere, and in strange ways, in the fashions of its en- tertainment and amusement in- dustries. "THESE have been so 'dynam- ic' and 'radical' that they have led to the characteristic American trait of animated distraction. These two surface areas of life have often been misinterpreted, at home and abroad, as America the dynamic and progressive, in- stead of what is'the fact: Amer- ica is a conservative country with- out any conservative ideology. -C. Wright Mills "Hold It-- Wrong Sacrifice" Newburgh Raises Furor A GREAT DEAL of needless controversy has arisen over the little city of Newburgh, N.Y. and its tightening of welfare regulations. The blind approval and disapproval that has risen among both conservatives and liberals over the provision pertaining to illegitimate children does not take full account of the facts and full consequences of the change. First, the new rules provide that a mother who has born illegitimate children will be cut off from welfare support if she bears another while on welfare. And second, the new rules also state that if the home environment is found unsatisfactory, children will be taken from that home and placed in foster care, in another home or an institution, rather than continuing on Aid to Dependent Children pay- ments. Conservatives became quickly convinced that this would curb illegitimacy. There is some FURTHER, such a move destroys any finan- cial savings this city is trying to effect in order to live within its means. An article in, Atlantic Monthly last year pointed out (in ref- erence to Detroit's welfare problems) that it costs at least as much to place a child in foster care as it does to shell out ADC payments. Also, conservatives ought to note that by cutting off support to the mothers, they are encouraging them to enter into crime as well as to find an honest job. If these women are really the free loaders that the conservatives so glumly picture, there is no reason why they will be suddenly reformed by the end of their free support BUT LIBERALS too have been sounding off on the subject. Many, ignoring the provision for caring for the illegitimate children, have DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN The Daily Official Bulletin is an official publication of The Univer- sity of Michigan for which The Michigan Daily assumes no editorial responsibility. Notices should be sent -in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3519 Administration Building before 2 p.m., two days preceding publication. THURSDAY, AUGUST 3, 1962 Gpefpr(I Notices Friday, August 4. Additional tickets for guests are available at $1.60 each. Events Thursday Baratin, the informal conversation group of the French Club, will meet Thurs., Aug. 3, from 2 to 4 p.m. 'in the Romance Languages Dept. Lounge, 3050 Frieze Bldg. All those interested in speaking French are cordially invited to stop in. Student Recital: Elaine Warner, or- -. - ..u