PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY THURSDAY, JULY 2, 1964 PAGE TWO THE MICHIGAN DAILY THURSDAY. JULY 2. 19~4 ..,.. v..,. ... ~.,.. . A., .- MEETING GROUND Cites Philosophy. Linguistics Bond The philosopher may think in terms of the language of the com- puter in order to determine the validity of certain ideas, Prof. Ar- thur W. Burks of the philosophy department said yesterday. Speaking at a lecture of the Linguistics Forum lecture series,. Prof. Burks discussed several areas in which philosophers and linguists have a common meet- ing ground, The traditional "if-then" argu- ment used in logic may or may not be valid, he explained, de- pending on whether the premises are connected by a law of logic or by accident. Break Down, Analyze The philosopher-linguist is con- cerned with modeling arguments so as to preserve their validity, Prof. Burks noted. One way of doing this is to break down and analyze what information is need- ed in the argument, much as the input into a computer is broken down and analyzed. Another function of philosophy! in linguistics is to make a dis- tinction between statements of fact. and statements which are part of an act for which the actor as-1 sumes responsibility, he explained.1 For example, the marriage vow, when taken in the context of the1 ceremony, is not a statement ofE the way things are, but is part of the doing of an action.; No Responsibility In contrast to human use of language in this sense is the "lan- guage" of bees which is used by them to communicate the location{ of sources of food. Questioning whether this is an appropriate use of the word language, Prof. Burks pointed out that no notion] of responsibility is involved. A third concern of philosophers7 with respect to linguistics is what] a "sign" may mean. Prof. Burks; named three kinds of meanings: -Icons symbolize objects by being similar to them.; -Indices are words which sig-I PROF. ARTHUR W. BURKS nify time, place or other locating characteristics of a concept. The philosopher's interest in the meaning of words in different kinds of situations can be related to similar problems in linguistics, Prof. Burks concluded. His inter- est provides an arena for fruitful interaction between philosophers and linguists. 'Pakistanis Win 'Best'.Award The University's chapter of the Pakistan Students Association of America was named the "best local chapter," Badar Kadri, '64L, president of the local club, an- nounced recently. The award, presented at the As- sociation's convention in New Jer- sey, is given for excellence in general activities. New Courses In Zoology Successful' By KAREN WHITBECK The two unique five-week inter- session zoology courses, Zoology 101-general zoology-and 252- vertebrate anatomy and develop- ment-finished successfully June 19, according to Prof. Dugald E. Brown, chairman of the depart- ment. The two courses were offered in the time before the regular sum- mer session to alleviate some of the backlog of students desiring the courses. Shortage of laboratory space during the regular semes- ters has beant that many of these students could not take these and similar courses. Two sections of approximately 20 students each registered for each of the four-credit courses. Class met six hours a day, four days a week, Brown said. Spring Semester Classes began May 18, the first Monday after spring semester finals. Prof. Lawrence Stuart lec- tured for 101 and Prof. J. Graham taught 252. Due to the limited amount of time, the approach to both courses was somewhat different than that during a fifteen week semester, Brown explained. The emphasis was upon synthe- sis of the material and under- standing whole units. A great deal of memorization was still required, but much of the strain and repe- tition was eliminated by the in- tensity of the study, he said. He feels that this procedure brought out the essential relationships and saved learning unrelated details. Fast-Moving, Intensive Brown pointed out that this fast-moving, intensive coverage would not work for many sub- jects, but that it was particularly' good for certain natural sciences because intensive study clarifies relationships that are otherwise easily overlooked or laboriously memorized, This clarification makes possible seasonal field work. According to a student in 252, most students enjoyed the course, did not become bored, even though this was the only course they had, because so much new material was introduced. Brownsaid that because of the success of these two courses the department would continue to of- fer them in six-week sessions in the summer, even after the be- ginning of tri-term. That Haircut SRC To Make Special Voter Behavior Studies PROF. GEORGE A. PEEK Peek Accepts Arizona Post Prof. George A. Peek of the political science department has announced that he is leaving the University, effective Sept. 1, to accept a similar post at Arizona State University. He commented that he did not want to miss a "good opportunity at a new and growing institution." Peek has been a speaker for many groups around campus in his stay at the University and is well known in the campus com- munity. He came to the University in 1948 and had reached the rank of full professor by 1957. Candidates and voters are not the only parties who will be close- ly observing the coming elections. The University's Institute for Social Research has received $165,000 grant from the Carnegie Corporation of New York to study the 1964 elections. Special attention will be given to studying the participation of Negroes as voters and to other in- fluences of the conflict over civil rights, Prof. Angus Campbell, di- rector of the ISR's Survey Re- search Center, which will make the study, has explained. Thewsurvey will be based on in- terviews with a national sample of the electorate, to be interviewed in October and re-interviewed in November, immediately after the election. The year's study will continue a long-range program of analyzing the American electorate which the Center began in 1948. Pointing out that the main pur- pose of the study is to analyze the factors that determine voter choice, rather than predict the outcome of the election, Prof. Campbell noted the possible ef- fects of foreign affairs, such as the Korean War in the 1952 elec- tion, as well as domestic issues. television, as potential carriers of information to many people, may influence opinion as well as sup- ply information, Prof. Campbell said. Another factor that can sway elections, past election studies have shown, is the shifting of un- committed and neutral voters. Prof. Campbell has found in ear- lier studies that these uncommit- ted voters tend to shift in a group to one side or the other. A series of indirect questions dealing with many areas that could be relevant to voter choice will be used in the survey. Prof. Campbell noted that this tech- nique provides more information than would blunt questions about how the respondent plans to vote. Hospital Sets $19.9 Million '64-'65 Budget The University Hospital has de- cided on a record-breaking budg- et of $19.9 million for 1964-65, marking an increase of $1.2 mil- lion over last year. Seventy per cent of the cost goes into salaries for the hospital's 3200 regular employes. Associate Direc- tor Ernest Laetz says salaries were raised an average of 4.5 per cent as of July 1. The hospital is paying more em- ployes and more highly skilled employes than ever before. Two out of every five have a "pro- fessional" specialty, Laetz said. On the average, seven new posi- tions per month were added to the organization during the past year while the payroll rose to one mil- lion dollars per month. More than 400 of the University Medical Center's 650 doctors re- ceive salaries from the hospital. Laetz estimated that it costs more than $2000 per hour to oper- ate the 1000-bed hospital - 24 hours per day-365 days per year. By CHRISTINE LINDER The vision of hell in modern literature is drawn from human experience-in death camps, wars and separation from other men's sympathy, David W. K. Sumner of the English department told a book discussion group recently. The noon luncheon session was sponsored by the Office of Reli- gious Affairs. Unlike older conceptions of hell. which are based on an afterlife, the modern versions portray a sit- uation which is of man's own mak- ing and with which he must cope alone, Sumner explained. Lawrence, Eliot, Fitzgerald The modern industrial land- scape, as in D. H. Lawrence's "Sons and Lovers," T. S. Eliot's "The Wasteland"'and F. Scott Fitzger- ald's "The Great Gatsby," pro- vides the oppressive environment in which modern versions of hell are enacted, he noted. Another aspect of modern dis- cussions of hell is found in the' emphasis on the breakdown of interpersonal relationships, as in Jean Paul Sartre's "No Exit." Sartre describes the despera- tions of some people-unable to know themselves except as they are mirrored in others-when oth- ers refuse to reflect an image of the person. Sumner pointed out that hell has come to be portray- ed, in this instance, as a style of life. Separation from God The theme of the separation of man from man has replaced that of separation of man from God, Sumner said in noting another difference between older and modern literature. The separation is one in which there is a feeling of no hope. However, some traditional im- ages of hell still influence the new imagery, Sumner pointed out. Yet these older images are main- ly metaphorical and symbolic. The conceptions of hell depicted by men such as Calvin, Shakespeare and Milton have under gone many changes. Commenting on the large amount of modern literature being devoted to the subject, Sumner suggested that thinkers may be disturbed by the breakdown of any consistent explanation of the presence of hell. Man's condition is now conceived as his own respon- sibility, a situation which is more disturbing than being able to pro- ject that condition upon a God. In considering whether there is any heaven, Sumner pointed to William Golding's portrayal of Ralph in "Lord of the Flies," who stood for the continuance of the community, and to J. D. Salinger's "Franny and Zooey," in which Zooey helps his sister by descend- ing into her hell with her and pulling her out of it. UGLI Offers Film Previews The University's Audio-Visual Education Center is currently pre- viewing educational films in the Undergraduate Library for the benefit of teachers who desire to use such films as classroom tools. The previews are held daily in the UGLI Multipurpose Rm. at 1:30 p.m. Scheduled for today is "The Hound that Thought He was a Racoon." "Peter and the Wolf" and "Lapland" will be shown at the same time Friday. DEATH CAMPS, SEPARATION Sumner Discusses Origins Of Modern 'Hell' Concept One studied media. of the influences to be is the effect of the mass Newspapers, radio and ANNUAL CONFERENCE Automation Hardest on Aged, NEA Spokesman Maintains An automation expert told the Conference on Aging at the Uni- versity Tuesday that "the disrup- tive effect of automation has been the greatest on the aged-those least able to cope with change." George E. Arnstein, associate director of a National Education Association project on automation, spoke at the closing session of the 17th annual conference. Citing increased productivity, leisure time and knowledge result- from automation, Arnstein said that "Communications between members of a multigeneration familyare becoming strained be- cause the aged are unable to un- derstand many of the changes." "The aged, who see their fami- lies with frequency, have lower morale and more symptoms of depression than those who see their families with lesser fre- quency," Dr. Jack Weinberg, clini- cal director of the Illinois State Psychiatric Institute, said. DIAL 8-6416 (,mmLil'L'l STARTING TODAY ..:?...:fl-%. ... r f r......... ..' .S,: ... "r : ":":::::.. DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN .2'......v..v~......~. . . . . . . . . . . . Esaagmeeat4..m S .'.'.E.::V:S.mm##E'..''.m 2#E metSWmaMMms~sm'gsmtm WINNER OF 3 ACADEMY AWARDS The Daily Official Bulletin is an qtficial publication of the Univer- sity of Michigan for which The Michigan Daily assumes no editorial responsibility. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3564 Administration Building before 2 p.m. of the day preceding publica- tion, and by 2 p.m. Friday for Satur- day and Sunday. THURSDAY, JULY 2 Day Calendar High School Journalism Workshop-- Journalism Department, 10 a.m. I ARCADE BARBERS 6 Nickels Arcade ent a TV this Summer NEW 19" G.E. PORTABLES only $10.00 per month FREE DELIVERY & SERVICE TV set on display at Follett's Bookstore Ca/I NEJAC TV eenta phone: NO 2-5671 "Mums -wI. Department of Linguistics Forum Lec- ture-Einar Haugen, "Diglossia in Mod- ern Norway": Rackham Amphitheatre, 7:30 p.m. Summer Concert Series Piano Recital -Gyogry Sandor: Rackham Aud., 8:30 p.m. Aduio-Visual Education Center Sum- mer Session Film Previews: "Peter and the Wolf," today: 1:30 p.m., Under- grad Library Multipurpose Room. General Notices The International Center is sponsor- ing a speaker on the topic, "The American Democratic System of Gov- ernment." Prof. Walter Burnham, Pro- fessor of Government at Haverford College, will speak at 7:30 p.m., July 3, in the, Recreation Room of the In- ternational Center. Refreshments will be served. All are welcome. Placement PLACEMENT INTERVIEWS, Bureau of Appointments-Seniors & grad students. please call Ext. 3544 for appointments with the following: THURS., JULY 2 (TODAY)- Central Intelligence Agency, Washing- ton, D.C.-Men & Women. John For- rester will be interviewing all day at the Bureau of Appts. Seeking degrees in Econ. only. BA & MA level. Posi- tions: Economists. THUR S., JULY 8- General Foods Corp., White Plains, N.Y.-Seeking MEN, May & Aug. grads (p.m. only). BA or MA or BBA. Psych., Ind. Rels. or anyone interested in Personnel work. Positions: Personnel Admin. Trainee Program. ANNOUNCEMENTS: Peace Corps-Will visit the U. of M. July 6-11. They will have information centers in the Lower Lobby of the Mich. Union and on the Diagonal. Make appointments with representa- tives for placement test. Youth Opportunity Centers-As a part of the war against poverty, Youth Op- portunity Centers will soon be estab. At these centers, youth will be inter- viewed. counseled, tested, placed in jobs or referred. 2000 staff trainees are geing recruited. Seeking young grads with outstanding personal traits, pref. with some bkgd. in soc., psych., soc. work, educ., counseling or related fields. Candidates who qualify to be- come Counselor Aides' will train for 8-10 weeks at one of 15 universities, be- ginning July 15. More info. at Bureau of Appointments, 3200 SAB. 2000 W. Stadium Blvd. I1 UNIVERSITY PLAYERS (Department of Speech) TENNESSEE WILLIAMS' powerful drama SUMMER and SMOK~rE Next Week, Wed.-Sat., July 8-11 8:00 P.M., LYDIA MENDELSSOHN THEATRE t A ............... _ .. .._.. f Y r s . Box office open daily after 12:30 p.m. Closed Sat., July 4th Coming Next-July 15-18 Sam Spewack's $1.50, $1.00- Wed. & Thurs. $1.75, $1.25- Fri. & Sat The t r joy-fiIled, story of Americas oven Sget-up-and-go v gaL..all the Ci !j UNDER THE SYCAMORE TREE ay . 4 - _ _ Please Note Schedule SHOWS AT 2-5 and 8 O'CLOCK r /cion ir.Modern (3ooiiizg , . Ending TONIGHT A towering triumph of ad- venture and excitement! The Winner of 27 Inter- national Awards... 7 Academy Awards! v way frm ragamuffin p, to th STARR :; t..> RN8noAa~qPG~lL FOLK DANCE Thurs., July 2 8:00 50c Basement of Hillel EVERYONE WELCOME TRIUMPH Sales and Service Herb Estes AUTOMART I Ul 11 - Z e,' i -,. , ' ! 0 .f ' s f. ( ,it o a ,. ;, - ;. a Be Refreshed this Summer! Read The Daily -Cool Editorials -Calm Sports Coverage -Crisp Coverage of news. entertainment events MUMAMMMWI AM GOLDEN AIIC |UINNESS JACK HAWKINS a FR1DAY@ OWH TO'AY 319 West Huron 665-3688 11'i 4 ;__ :-' : L; GOLF DRIVING RANGE MINIATURE GOLF GOLF LESSONS I U U 1 I 1 W " 1 I U 1 MAIL THIS FORM in Today or call NO 2-3241 1-3 P.M. U I Delivered five mornings a week for the entire summer semester 'a I