TO BETTER EDUCATION: ABOLISH GRADUATION See Editorial Page Y Seventy-Three Years of Editorial Freedom Z71 aii4 FAIR, COOL High-77 Low-58 Light southwesterly winds, no chance of rain VOL. LXXIV, No. 2-S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 24, 1964 SEVEN CENTS FOUR PAGES Church to Study Birth Prevention First Pronouncement Promises Broad, Profound' Study of Issue VATICAN (R)-Pope Paul VI announced yesterday a new Roman Catholic study of birth control developments-presumably meaning contraceptive pills-but barred immediate changes in Church rules. In a major speech a year after he became Roman Catholic ruler, the Pope made his first pronouncement in a growing debate among AskDulles To Locate! Students By The Associated Press PHILADELPHIA, Miss.-Presi- dent Lyndon B. Johnson last night ordered former CIA Chief Allen Dulles to Mississippi after FBI agents found a charred station wagon used by three missing civil. rights workers. Taylor To Replace Lodge As Viet Nam Ambassador POPE PAUL VI AMATURITY' Wise Asks Nyew Pupil Relations By/ROBERT HIPPLER "Very often today we are treat- ing the relationship between stu- dent and college as a "family affair"-an approach that ceased to be reality 50 years ago. This, along with undue emphasis on the strictly academic, must change if we expect the student to make any noticeable contributions to the intellectual life of his univer- sity: ' With these comments, Prof. Joseph Wise keynoted his talk on the nature of college-student re- lationships before a meeting of the Institute on College and Uni- versity Administration yesterday. "The old concept-the one that visualized the college as taking the place of the parents-is almost meaningless today," he continued. This in loco parentis theory has been eclipsed for several reasons. More Experienced "The high schools are now the place for many of the social ex- periences that used to commence in the colleges. Today's college student is more experienced and can act in a more mature manner than his predecessors. Thus he has less need of a family-like col- lege environment. "There is what I like to call the 'triumph of the academic.' To- day's college professors have high- er social status than those of 30 years ago-witness, for example, the influx of professors into Washington." As a result, professors today become dedicated to their now in- trinsically fruitful academic pur- suits, often to the extent of slight- ing or excluding the average stu- dent from close relationships, Wise explained. Mockery Thus, good or bad, the student is put out on his own in today's colleges, making a mockery of hopes for any family-like college- student relationship, he said. A third factor that puts students on their own is the sheer size of today's universities. "To think of a campus like the University of California at Berkeley, or even one, like Kent State, as a family-like affair is to be sadly deluded. ";A main offshoot of all this is, that in his relations with students. the professor tends always to equate good grades with intellec- tual achievement," Wise went on. Any student that does not fit into a course is then left in the cold. Too Mature "In addition, many students are too mature for their freshman college courses. Many become bored, lose contact with teachers' and are thus excluded, because of academic alienation, from the in- tellectual life of the universities." Another result of this is a "crisis of potency," Wise said. Students' frustrated in the classroom devote feverish energies to causes such as civil rights, student movements and the Peace Corps, partially as a u n viheitt fnr-nlaetalo Pvner-.. some Roman Catholics about the The burned-out station wagon use of new birth control methods. was discovered in a swamp spot The pontiff said the birth con- northeast of this East-Central trol question was "under study, Mississippi town. State police last as broadly and profoundly as pos- night staged a house-to-house sible" in the light of "both theo- search in the territory, called in retic and practical developments." Mississippi "Bloody Neshoba" for 'Illustrious Experts' its past history of gunfire in set- tling feuds. He said the study was being made "with the collaboration of This was the first clue in a many illustrious experts" and that massive hunt by state and federal he hoped to be able to make the agents for the one Negro and two conclusions public soon. white youths. The trio disappeared "But let us say frankly that we Sunday night after paying a $20 have not yet sufficient reasons to fine for speeding. consider overcome, and therefore Confer with Governor not obligatory, the rules given by The White House announced Pope Pius XII in this connection," Dulles, who headed the Central Pope Paul said. "They be consid- Intelligence Agency for many ered valid, at least for so long as years, would leave Washington to- we do not feel in conscience day. He will confer with Missis- obliged to modify themi" sippi Gov. Paul Johnson, other top Pope Pius XII in 1951 reaffirm- state officials and the FBI on the ed Roman Catholic opposition to stateofthe invdsthgFBIon h contraceptives. In 1958 he spoke progress of the stigationFBI of pills, saying a woman might use Th WitHossadnFB them to check uterine ailments if check of the charred vehicle of- not done with the intent to pre- fered "no definite information" on vent conception, even if that may what has happened to the three. be a temporary result. Also yesterday, 2000 delegates to Illicit Sterilization a convention of the National As- "But," Pope Pius added, "one sociation for the Advancement of provokes a direct and therefore Colored People voted to demon- illicit sterilization when one stops strate at the Justice Department ovulation for the purpose of pre- today as a protest against the serving the uterus and the organ- trio's disappearance. ism from the consequences of a Ask President pregnancy which it is not able to A unanimous resolution called support." . upon President Johnson to extend This statement is still a basis federal protection to Negroes seek- for Catholic thinking on pills. ing to register to vote in Missis- Some moralists have suggested spi that pills might be used to regu- sipPi. late the menstrual cycle and allow The demonstration plan was the rhythm method to be used sparked by two NAACP officials w it h greater precision. The from Mississippi-Aaron Henry, Church permits t h e rhythm state president, and Charles Evers, system. executive secretary. Envoy Quits To Give Aid To Scranton Followers of Both Hail Resignation; Barry Cites 'Motives' By The Associated Press Murphy Notes 'U' .Programs To Aid Negroes University Regent Irene B. Mur- phy told the Commission on Com- munity Relations Monday that the University wishes "immediately to lift its ratio of Negro students from one per cent to three per cent" but that "we won't see the results of that for 10 years or more." The University has sought out qualified minority students whose economic sttuation bars higher education. A group of 77 - among them 66 Negroes-will enter the University in the fall. But Mrs. Murphy stressed that "for every three of these econom- ically disadvantaged students ad- mitted we have anticipated the potential failure of two." "Despite their high grades in high school, these young people have been exiled for so long that they are expected to have diffi- culties in communication. They have developed a written and spoken language that is almost a dialect. "We will treat them almost as foreign students, offering a special three-week orientation and special communication courses so they can compete on an equal basis in the classroom," she said. They argued at the convention that a lawless condition exists in Mississippi. St. Augustine In St. Augustine, Fla., Negroes and whites clashed on the beach and streets as civil rights demon- strators maintained their assault on segregation in the nation's old- est city. It was the third straight day of violence on the Atlantic beach. Prince Edward Opens- Schools FARMVILLE, Va. (R) - Super- visors in Prince Edward County, Va., bowed to a federal court's directive yesterday and approved local funds to reopen the county's closed public schools this fall. It was the first time since 1959 that the supervisors, waging a battle to avoid public school de- segregation, voted school funds. Thus, the only locality in the nation to shut schools to escape the United States Supreme Court's school desegregation order laid the groundwork to get the schools go- ing again. The supervisors approved the appropriation of $189,000 in local school funds. There was no immediate esti- mate on how much in state funds this would generate, but prior to the school's closing in 1959, the state had provided generally more than half of school funds. K.> Henry Cabot Lodge, the 1960 Republican Vice-Presidential nom- inee, resigned his post as ambas- sador to South Viet Nam yester- day because "I believe it is my duty to do everything I can to help Pennsylvania Gov. (William) Scranton win the Presidential nomination." Scranton and his followers hail- ed this as a big boost for the gov- ernor in his uphill battle to pre- vent Sen. Barry Goldwater (R- Ariz) from winning the party nomination at next month's con- vention in San Francisco. Goldwater, who hasmore than enough convention votes to win the prize if he can hold his dele- gates, suggested that Lodge quit because of disagreement with President Lyndon B. Johnson's program in Viet Nam. This view was not shared by most Repub- licans who commented. Indecision "Ambassador Lodge is to be con- gratulated for bearing up this long under such adverse conditions," Goldwater said in a statement. "The Johnson-McNamara pro- gram of indecision and vacillation has made it impossible for him to. carry out his ambassadorial func- tions properly and undoubtedly motivated his resignation. "I am sure all Americans un- derstand and appreciate his deci- sion and pray for return to an affirmative and decisive policy be- fore all Southeast Asia falls to our enemies." Scranton told reporters in Ne- wark, N.J., where he was cam- paigning for delegate support, that he is delighted with the de- velopment. Asked if he believes this will mean a big step forward in his drive, he replied, "I think it will." Increased Likelihood Michigan Gov. George Romney, a Scranton booster, said he thinks Lodge's return will help the Penn- sylvanian and that it "increases the likelihood of the Republican convention meeting the needs of the nation on the basis of the Re- publican heritage." Lodge, who won the March New Hampshire primary as a write-in, is credited in the Associated Press survey of delegates with 45 pub- licly-committed convention votes. Scranton has 130 and Goldwater stands at 694, or 39 more than the 655 needed for nomination. Chairman J. W. Fulbright (D- Ark) of the Senate Foreign Rela- tions Committee, said he knows of no policy differences between Lodge and the Johnson adminis- tration. The President has made a point of saying several times that Lodge was being given a free hand on policy matters and was being furnished with his own chosen personnel in the post. BUJUMBURA, BURUNDI (A") - Widening revolts trouble the Con- go while the last troops of the UN army that helped to restore order between upheavals of the past four years pack for depar- ture next Tuesday. Rebels from the Baluba tribe, North Katanga's largest, and mu- tinous troops who last weekend took over Albertville, the North Katanga capital, were reported considering a move on Baudouin- ville, 70 miles down the west shore of-Lake-Tanganyika. A Belgian ham operator in Al- bertville radioed that the rebels asked the Congolese army garri- son in Baudouinville to join them. He said the garrison replied that it would not resist an attack. Series of Crises Since Belgium freed the Con- go four years ago, a continuing series of crises--mutiny, secession, rebellion, massacre and rape-has dotted the new nation's records. A reign of terror by mutinous Con- golese troops brought in the UN in the summer of 1960; the peace- keeping army at one time num- bered 20,000 men. Now all but about 3000 are gone. Farther to the South, hundreds of armed men who once served in the Katanga army of secession- ist Moise Tshombe hold out in the bush and hope for the re- turn of their leader. Now in Ma- drid, Tshombe has said he plans to go back tot he Congo soon. While old tribal rivalries stir up the Katangans, rebels led by Communist - trained Congolese roam through the Eastern prov- ince of Kivu and in Kwilu in the Southwest and have been ac- cused of sabotage bombings in Leopoldville, the capital. Baluba Tribesmen The Albertville uprising was at- tributed to Baluba foes of Pro- vincial President Jason Sendwe. Communist-backed Gaston Sou- mialot heads the rebellion in Kivu province, where pygmoid warriors armed largely with spears and bows and arrows have at times routed Congolese troops equipped with machine guns and other modern weapons. The Kwilu province rebels, who opened their campaign last Jan- uary with attacks on missionary stations, are led by Pierre Mulele, a Peking-trained guerrilla-fighter who was education minister in the Congo's first independent govern- ment. The Albertville rebels seem to have declared their allegiance to Mulele. Curfew on 1.2 Million Bombing attacks have led Pre- mier Cyrille Adoula's government to impose a curfew on the 1.2 mil- lion people of Leopoldville. The at- tacks are blamed on Communist- MOISE TSHOMBE oriented exiles living in Brazza- ville, the capital of the former French Congo, across the Congo River from Leopoldville. Despite it all, Albertville was reported quiet yesterday. Yet only 70 white, persons re- main in the town. About 150 oth- ersescaped by lake steamer last Friday. White technicians were re- THE RESIGNATION yesterday of Henry Cabot Lodge, left, as ambassador to South Viet Nam set off a chain of appointments by President Johnson. Gen. Maxwell Taylor, second from left, now the nation's top military chief, replaces Lodge. U. Alexis Johnson, second from right, assistant secretary of state, becomes deputy ambassador creating a military-diplomatic tea min the war-torn area. Gen. Earle G. Wheeler, right, present army chief of staff, replaces Taylor as chairman of the joint chiefs of staff. Newl& CrisesThreaten Congo ported forbidden to leave, since rebel leaders demanded that they stay on and keep essential serv- ices running, although electric power has been cut off for sev- eral days. Peace Corps Prepares 9 7 For Teaching By JEFFREY GOODMAN Ninety-seven Peace Corps trainees from all over the country are currently undergoing an in- tensive 11-week training program at the University which includes over 25 hours a week of Persian language study. All are preparing to go to Iran at the end of the summer to teach English for two years, Layne Long- fellow, associate director of the project, said. The trainees, four of whom are from the University, are on the go from 7:30 in the morning until 10 at night. Besides Persian, they are required to study the teaching of English in a foreign language for 15 hours a week, physical fit- ness or health for 5, various topics relating to Iran for 9 hours and American studies, world affairs and Communism for 5 hours. The trainees are living in a University dormitory - Michigan House in West Quadrangle-and being taught by University fac- ulty. The entire cost of the pro- gram is paid by the federal gov- ernment. The government is currently paying the trainees a $2.30 per day living allowance. At the term- ination of their two years in Iran the Peace Corpsmen will receive the equivalent of $75 a month in "readjustment allowance" to help them resume activities in this country. Once admitted to the Peace Corps with satisfactory scores on various examinations and good references, the 97 then had to !wait until a specific project suit- ing their individual skills and in- terests came along. Only failure to pass physical or academic ex- aminations during the training period can disqualify them for go- ing overseas when the summer period is completed. "Some trainees are occasionally ruled out for psychological rea- sons, but such a move is rare since it takes the unanimous decision of an entire board of psychiatrists, psychologists and other Peace Corps personnel," Longfellow said. See StepmUp Of Fighting Against Reds Wheeler To Assume Joint Chiefs Post; Capitol Opinion Mixed By The Associated Press WASHINGTON - Henry Cabot Lodge resigned yesterday as am- bassador to South Viet Nam to take a role in Pennsylvania Gov. William W. Scranton's bid for the GOP presidential nomination. President Lyndon B. Johnson accepted the resignation and ap- pointed Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Maxwell B. Tay- lor to succeed Lodge. The President said that he is dispatching to the beleaguered Southeast Asian nation a power- house combination of military and diplomatic talent to turn the tide of battle against Communist guer- rillas from North Viet Nam. Gen. Earle G. Wheeler, Army chief of staff, was named to suc- ceed Taylor as Joint Chiefs chair- man. Undersecretary Johnson will name a care r diplomat, Deputy Undersecretary of State U. Alexis Johnson, to a new post as deputy ambassador at Saigon to assist Taylor. Warnings have been coming from Washington officials and U.S authorities in Viet Nam for weeks, and top administration spokes- men have declared thK new measures were under eonsidera- tion. They have not denied that these included possible direct at- tacks on North Viet Nam and possible introduction of U.S. troops through Thailand into Laos. In keeping with these possi- bilities, Secretary of Defense Rob- ert S. McNamara said "we are prepared for any eventuality in Southeast Asia." Most Important He praised the choice of Gen. Taylor to replace Lodge. "There is no more important position in the government today than that of ambassador to South Viet Nam," McNamara said. Some senators who attended a neeting with him saw the appoint- ment of Taylor as confirming their belief the administration has decided to risk war with Red China to avoid a Communist take- over of South Viet Nam. "It means we're determined to win that's for sure," said Sen. Russell B. Long (D-La). "This can only mean the administration plans to go all the way." Chairman J. William Fulbright (D-Ark) of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee called the choice "excellent" and saw no in- dications it would mean escala- tion of the struggle with Com- munist forces in Southeast Asia. 'Calimitous' Sen. Wayne Morse (D-Ore), al- so a member of the committee, called it "a calamitous mistake" and said he would fight Taylor's confirmation. He said administra- tion policies and Taylor's selection would lead "to a major war in Asia." "Our government's policy is to assure the freedom and independ- ence of South Viet Nam," Taylor said. "I am going to carry this policy out." But Taylor said "for three years, I have been convinced that South Viet Nam is far from being a straight-forward military problem. It is very largely a political, eco- nomical and psychological prob- lem" Red Terrorism Johnson told newsmen that he believes Red China and Commu- nist North Viet Nam, whom he ac- cused of directing the Red terror- ism to the South, "are aware of our attitude, and they have no doubt. about our policy" to resist Communist aggression there. The President said that the U.S. "intends no rashness and seeks no , I AND A COCKNEY CHORUS 'My Fair Lady' to Set 'U' Players Pace <"% By MICHAEL HARRAH Tonight in Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre the most successful mus- ical comedy in Broadway history takes the stage as the lead-off production in the University Players' Summer Playbill Series. "My Fair Lady," the fabled ad- aption of George Bernard Shaw's "Pygmalion," will open for a five- performance run ending Satur- day. The show is completely sold out. Under the direction of Prof. Also in the cast are Gary Schaub, Grad, as Alfred Doolittle, Eliza's rowdy father; William Tay- lor, Spec, as Col. Pickering, Hig- gins' man Friday; Ellen Tyler, '64, as Mrs. Pearce, Higgins' em- battled housekeeper; Evie Max as Mrs. Higgins (Henry's mother) and Joyce Edgar as the snobbish Mrs. Eynsford-Hill. Rounding out the cast is Warren W.Jarowsky, '64SM, as Eliza's fruitless suitor, Freddy Eynsford-Hill. The production of "My Fair Lady" marks one of the first-times that the show has been produced1 and settings, and the University Players' production will be no ex- ception. Numerous costumes, de- signed by Prof. Zelma H. Weisfeld of the speech department and pro- duced by Margaret McKerrow of the speech department, will keep the cast busy changing their attire. In addition, the ten sepa- rate and distance sets designed by Prof. Calvin K. Quayle of the speech department will keep the stage crew working throughout lHouse the performance* Votes The Players will feature four RRT Boost Imore nlavs this summer_ From i : :r u