5 n ! Y I II i11 1 Y lrr rlrM r 111iYY IY RIe Si ILJU Baily Seventy-Third Year ETED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICWHGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATMONS WhereOpinionsAreFreeSTUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG., ANN ARBOR, MICH., PHONE NO 2-3241 Truth Will Prevail" Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. 'UESDAY, AUGUST 11, 1964 NIGHT EDITOR: ROBERT HIPPLER FEIFFER -r@ACHINCC ME: BUTF IT PI PNT ;r, MACKE IE TO MF: ANDP .' SAI TS At-- VERY S[MPUL, -OE:Y C-A-T" SPEC-L5 ~CAT AND Z SAID WHY? WVHYAND, I 5AIc WHO MADE IT S DID 600 MAKE CAN'T X-Y-Z S51-L.CAT?' j(t! ir+ " i , AND 95 5A1 D ECAUSE IT MO~T TNAT5 WHY AND lSAID LW)W' UOE:5N'T IT IF J WANf r «I OAN HES I W06CAU$E RC N~AVE w 10? E RUV6 - AN CS 15A1 DPUT WHAT IF THE RULE:S ARE DUM13 AND C-A-T 5pE:LLIN6 FA$H1ONE:D AND XYZ SPE:LLING CAT 15 NW - ANP BE:TER AND 5NE SAILD DON'T TR~Y ANP MAWS~ THE:WORLD LIVE:R TaivOR i&)U- What Really Happened in The Gulf of Tonkin? DNE DOES NOT HAVE to see a Commu- nist lurking behind every door to spec- tlate that there is a great deal about the ietnamese incidents of last week that is ot being told. And one does not have o envision a power elite hiding under very bed to postulate a more sinister ex- lpnation of recent events around the iulf of Tonkin than that offered by the administration. According to President Johnson and 5ecretary of Defense McNamara, the North Vietnamese launched PT boat at- acks against the United States destroyer Maddox on two separate occasions, firing umerous torpedoes and other weapons ut failing to inflict any damage at all tpon the vessel. The Maddox, on the oth- r hand, severely damaged a number of rietnamese boats both times. The United States had warned the dorth Vietnamese of the danger of pro- ocative acts and it had reemphasized he warning following the first attack. hen the North Vietnamese attacked or the second time, the administration elt compelled to demonstrate it meant what it said. It therefore bombed a num- er of North Vietnamese naval supply snd harbor facilities. 'AT SUCH AN EXPLANATION is not a full and/or honest one seems likely then the following points are considered: -Why would North Viet Nam want to o anything intended particularly to pro- oke the United States? The present guer- lla war is going well for the North and would want to take actions that would iinimize the chances of increased United tates' involvemnt, not maximize it. -If the idea of the attacks was just to ee how far the United States would go r Viet Nam, why wouldn't the North ioose a more militarily profitable 'tar- et than a destroyer? An attack on an rport in the South would have been lore likely to succeed and would have een much more worthwhile militarily. -If the idea was to try to provoke the nited States into doing something for >me reason or other, why wasn't North let Nam-and Red China, if she were eally the one behind the attacks-far tore prepared than she apparently was 3r aUnited States response? Certainly massive air attack on the North and an ivasion by South Vietnamese and U.S. 'oops could not be ruled out, and yet iere is no indication that North Viet- Proof LNY GOOD, red-blooded, God-fearing, whole-wheat American knows that the wviet Union is leading a vile, monolithic ad superhuman Conspiracy aimed at en- aving the world. Never before has this been so clear, for over before has the Conspiracy been cite as subtle. Never before have the nssians actually passed up an opportu- .ty to grab up new territory for the Wees of darkness. But now, offered gold- i opportunities to intervene in both Cy- 'us and Viet Nam, the cunning and in- dious tyrants of the Kremlin have re- Lsed! What a brilliant and cunning strategic aneuver! Clearly, the Reds will stop at nothing their fanatic drive for power. The only )pe is for all Americans to remain con- antly aware that the International Con- iracy exists and always will, for a Coin- unist can do no good. And, in case ents in Cyprus or Viet Nam threaten to lake your hold on this truth, the rest of find that it helps to cover your eyes' id ears and stick your head in the sand. -K. WINTER Editorial Stafff 3NNETH WINTER ...................... Co-Editor. WARD HERSTEIN .................... Oo-Ecditor ARY LOU BUTCHER............Associate Editor ARLES TOWLE................... Sports Editor FFREY GOODMAN .................... Night Editor BERT HIPPLER........ .......... Night Editor URENCE KIRSHBAUM ................ Night Editor namese or Chinese forces were massed for a response. -If the attacks were staged by some reckless North Vietnamese officer, why was he allowed to launch the second one? Surely Hanoi knew the risk involved in such an attack, and surely it would have stopped and severely reprimanded any- one who had violated orders to try an attack-and would have done so before that person had a chance to attack again a couple of days later. -Finally, why did North Viet Nam neither confirm nor deny the first attack but term the second one "a sheer fabri- cation?" Had it been responsible for both, one would think they would treat both the same way. TO DENY the 'government explanation of the incidents leaves a responsibility to come up with a better one. Some theor- ies have been put forward suggesting that the attacks on the U.S. destroyer were a case of mistaken identity or that the destroyer was part of some South Viet- namese raiding action on the North. Another possibility is that at least the second attack was launched by South Vietnamese Premier Nguyen Khanh. His motive would be 'to commit the .United States further in Viet Nam. At present the war is going badly and his regime is In danger of collapsing. (The New York Times reported the day of the second at- tack that rumors of a coup were cir- culating increasingly rapidly through Sai- gon.) I IT IS REASONABLE to think that Khanh would try such a move. He risk- ed seeing his country go down the drain when he staged the coup that brought him into power. Since he kept the man he deposed, Duong Van Minh, in a govern- ment post and recently (according to the Times) even offered him the premiership back to keep his government from com- pletely collapsing, Khanh couldn't have thought Minh such a bad manfor the country; he must have just wanted to rule himself. To stay in office he would have been willing to try most anything. After the first attack, probably mount- ed by the North either by mistake, by a reckless officer, or because the Maddox was in territorial waters or aiding in a South Vietnamese raid, Khanh set the stage by saying that the United States would be thought of as a "paper tiger" in Southeast Asia unless it responded to such assaults. He had been pushing the United States for months to intensify the war in Viet Nam, and now he was trying even harder. HEN THE U.S. failed to do anything Wabout the first attack, Khanh launch- ed the second one. The U.S. Navy said the night of the second attack was dark and stormy; the PT boats Khanh used could have been made to resemble those of the North closely enough so that the sailors 'on the Maddox could not tell they were not those of North Viet Nam. It is possible that President Johnson knew that Khanh was responsible for the attack, but he had little alternative in what he did. To acknowledge publicly that Khanh was responsible would be dis- astrous both at home and in Saigon. Re- publicans might well ask how we could support someone who tried so to manipu- late us and even put our men in danger in the process. And, if Khanh did not get deposed of his own accord, U.S. ef- forts to depose him would probably bring such chaos that the South would go un- der. SUCH A THEORY would explain why there was a second attack when the North was aware of both the possible consequences of it in terms of U.S. re- sponse and of its foolhardinss. After all, the first attack had done no damage but had gotten some of the. attacking PT boats banged up and possibly injured or killed sailors on them. For the sake of morale alone, to launch a second attack would have been a very bad move. Such a theory would also explain the specific and vociferous denial by the North of the second attack and the un- DreDaredness of both North Viet Nam AND I SAID WHYAR.6ow RUC F,5AUWA'(5 R6 4 WHYW CAN'T NW R ULES cc. E:VR OE: R1HT AND S5HE: SAID I HAVCBEE PAT5NT ONG E UOU)&H WJITH YOU, YOUNG MAN, NOWk SPEtL CAT THE Rk5FIT WAAY OR IT5 B'ELL WITHOUT Tit AND0 I 5AID, WWO R-!I6(2TV AND SUE? SAID VNT 06 FR5,YOUj NE:ED TV AND 12 AID CANT .J V' TAL (4ETtO PI AI PWPLEAROUND IERe, AND SHE 5A10 Y{:)U OICKUP U P TUGS (3FVNNY IDEAS r WI H Th:r e6- (T56DW TwOU Tr i FOR A MONTH 7 AND CAT. w~ a NO MATTER NOWR MUCH T1' YTRY' TO MAKE: ME 1L.L 'SAVE OFFeERNT: f k A-B-'-D 5 fW$L~ '00 51 GP LETTERS TO THE EDITOR U -I. Criticizes H arr ih 'Go ldwater Case To the Editor: J WISH TO COMPLAIN concern- 'ing' the editorial "Refuting 'The Case Against Goldwater," by Mi- chael Harrah, published July 23. I do not disagree with Mr. Har- rah's apparent prejudices in favor of Goldwater who is in my opinion a man of his convictions and a strong contender for the presi- dency. However, I. am, highly dis- appointed in the substance and quality of Mr. Harrah's editorial. I feel that he does not "refute" anything; he does not show the other side of the coin presented "by some 'reporters"; he merely adds more to the "Case Against Goldwater." Let me explain :and verify the above conclusions. I have no quar- rel with Mr. Harrah's stand; I would like to find the 'rationale which would permittme to con- clude that the nation has the op- portunity to be lead by a truly great man. However, immediately after the second quotation from the New York Times, Mr. Harrah had made five statementscall of which are matters of dialectic, none of which he supports with facts, examples, .etc. Thus, the first argument in this editorial amounts to the quotation, and Mr. Harrah's rebuttal, ' Oh, Yeah!" I would ;like Mr. Harrah to enumerate some of the good re- actionarles (ones who have man- aged to greatly benefit their coun- trymen), and some of those who have 'at least not been necessarily bad. I would also like Mr. Harrah to deny that tde "Goldwater Ma- chine" Lwent to work early to place strongly pro - Goldwater people as delegates, thereby de- ceiving many Republicans into believing that they were represent- ed at the Republican convention, when actually only Goldwater and his supporters were represented. I would like Mr. Harrah to prove, disprove, or clarify the reasons why or why not Goldwater is in such sharp disagreement with so many Republicans if he is both in step with the times, and the repe- sentative and acknowledged leader of the majority of them. Below the next quote Mr. Har- rah applauds Mr. Goldwater's stand that the Federal government should perform only those func- tions which the Constitution in- structs it to perform. He does not refute the Times' argument; he confirms it. Apparently both Mr. Harrah and Mr. Goldwater think that the Fed- eral government overstepped in initiating Social Security, Federal food and drug laws and agencies, aid to medical and military re- search, etc. Perhaps we could sell Social Security to some insurance company;, the Post Office to a trucking line, TVA to private in- dustry, let the doctors take care of medical research, and trust the manufacturers and food processors to maintain high standards (as they did before enough cheated, poisoned, and angry citizens de- manded Federal action). * * * IN THE NEXT ARGUMENT, Mr. Harrah does become more con- crete and less dialectic. However, Theodore Roosevelt was president before either the U. S. or the USSR had the atom bomb, and further, Teddy Roosevelt stood for many things which Goldwater strongly opposes (e.g., Federal in- tervention in labor-management disputes). It is also a matter of opinion as to whether Dulles was more of a brinkman than Ken- nedy (remember the day he day he blockaded Cuba?) or Dean Rusk (who recently called for and got sanction against Cuba). In the fifth argument in the editorial, Mr. Harrah has reverted people. I attempt to put these men into office because I believe that they know what is good or bad for the people and will act according- ly. In case, Mr. Harrah, you do not know it, you support Goldwater for the same reason. You believe that he knows what is good and bad for us, and that he will act accordingly. You want him to be- come president because it' is the president's job to perceive what is good and bad for his people and to do something about it. * * * TO COUNT UP several more items of illogical thinking, I have seen Mr. Goldwater say one thing one day, and revise it the next. I do not believe that Mr. Goldwater and his supporterssare right, and that everyone who is against Gold- water stands for is crazy or mean. I assume that the Republican party has made consistent progress over the past twenty years, but ap- parently they have just been marking time, as Goldwater has scrapped the complete works of the same during that time period, and the "up-to-date" GOP prin- ciples completely repudiate every- thing achieved in the 1960 plat- form. Perhaps Mr. Harrah 'can tell me why Goldwater voted against clo- ture. OK, he voted against the billt itself, but why against cloture? Did he think more discussion would help his cause; was he un- aware that filibustering makes senators look like little boys; or was he just stalling? Last but not least is the fact that since Gold-' water voted against any nation- wide action to prevent the separ- ate states from legislating separ- ate-but-equal-policies, and laws requiring Orientals to use white washrooms and motels, but colored facilities in lunchrooms and on buses, why should he not go all the way a iad vote against the economic. compJeament to the civil rights. bill (the Poverty Program) and. there0y attempt to prevent any natia mwide attempt to give the unde rprivileged and stepped-on a degroe of self-respect? Cepr tainly there is a great deal morel in the way of senseless dia- lecti( and plain evasion of issues and questions in Mr. Harrah's editurial. I realize from reading Mr. 'Harrah's past editorials that, he ijs what many people believe Goldwater is-a reactionary, in- cohe rent, vascillating, old-fash- ioneed:, etc. That is to say, Mr. Harr 'ah does not think before he spera ks (or writes). He merely "rea cts." Very often, he revises his points trying to "clarify" a foo'ish statement without remov- ing the foolishness. Even if Mr. Go'iwater does not have this char- actx*ristic; there is verys much to feaiu from his supporters. * * * 4S A LAST NOTE may I say tha t I have written this letter belieiving that someone ought to say something. I believe that any- on who has information to give, per-ception to contribute ought to be read. However, Mr. Harrah's edi torial contains only the infor- msation given in the Times' quotes, on'ly the amount of perception be- tv! Men Mr. Harrah's eyes and the enhd of his nose. It is sufficient to ali enate a few more people' from th e cause which it is supposed to support. It is a waste of space. -A. Shook Against CORE 'o the Editor: 1 HAD BEEN, until Sunday morn- ing, a supporter of the Congress of Racial Equality. I am not now, and do not see that I can ever be again. I write this letter not to explain the change, but in hopes of preventing others from making the same mistake i giving the, support that I did, and strength- ening, perhaps, what opposition CORE does have. I attended what was a semi- official CORE party with which I can find no fault until the (na-, tural enough) singing of "We Shall Overcome" was peremptorily interrupted: ."Oh, no, no. You can't sing this song unless you mean it," he said. "And if you mean it, stand up and belt it out." I left. , NOW IT HAPPENS I do mean it, and I have stood to sing it on occasion; but I will not be told how to worship God, nor how to honor my country, nor how to sing my beliefs. It is Terror itself alive, when men must serve as told, and not as they would. For- give me if I extrapolate too far, but I must bear my witness. There is no way to stop tyranny by giv- ing it allegiance. And it is not only tyranny. Our little Authority sees the song as a battle-cry and a glory-I can- not but see it as sad that I must do battle with my neighbors. That CORE is militant, I am glad, but, they do not weep at the cost of their victories, and I am sorry. Andl more. Of those there, I' know at least two who do not believe in the tribute they paid: they gave * allegiance to raw Authority. Fear is already in the air, and it is exactly now that one must not give in. * * *, - I HAVE CONTRIBUTED to CORE; I wish that I had not. I must be inalterably opposed brotherhood which lives in of doing what is not approve and which takes its joy in c coming, rather than in doing i I had not known that CORE such. -Robert Farrell, Gr Irish STORY DISPENSERS Deabri' esManaging, To the Editor: FORTUNATELY or unfortunate- ly Jay Smith is not the only one who has been concerned about the discrepancies between my re- view of the Irish Hill's production of Richard III and George White's subsequent reviews; this has been bothering me as well. Mr. Smith's letter to The Daily, however, prompted me to make a return visit to the Irish Hills to settle for myself my judgement of their production. This time, by compari- son to Richard III I saw Comedy of Errors. Mr. White is entitled to his opinion as I am to mine- this is still tlrd-rate theatre. If the only prerequisite to being called a "professional" theatre is to pay the actors, even a minimal sum, then I guess this group can qualify for the title; however, if "'professional" indicates anything of tht caliber of the production then, in my estimation this is not a professional company. There were some notable dif- ferences between opening night and this past Saturday-for one thing, it was 'some 25 degrees cooler; for another, the audience on Saturday consisted of about four times as many people as had the opening night house (however, the theatre was still less than half full). This production did play faster than the four-hour Richard III; evertheless director Larry N. Burns seems incapable ofttun- ing himself to Shakespeare's rhythm. Speed in the plaflng of a production does not give comedy any more than does slowness of pace give tragedy, for speed alone is not rhythm. In this current endeavor, both humor and the audience's understanding were sacrificed to speed. THE POETRY of Shakespeare was never spoken. Mr. Victor Raider-Wexler spits out his lines as Antipholus of Syracuse with the same intensity he spat out Richard (although with a little less pouting). Again I felt no real characterization or character de- velopment on the part of the ac- tresses in the production, but merely mechanical performances. I am still singularly impressed by George Wright's Dromio of Syra- cuse. as I had been with his Duke .- of Buckingham. Mr. Wright is the only one in the company who has some command and control over and feeling for Shakespeare's language. Since this production has a smaller cast than Richard fewer of the highschool apprentc appeared in it, and subsequently the caliber improved at least a little.cWhile Mrs. Burns did a com- petent job costuming Richard, her Comedy was very poorly done in pseudo-Elizabethan style which was, at best, distracting. The gimmick of the two "straight-men" attempting to tell the actors (and audience) how this play relates to Boys from Syr- acuse and in which direction the various cities lie, just doesn't come off. I doubt that more than a By ROBERT SELWA Daily Correspondent DEARBORN - The news man- agers in Washington have nothing on the administration of Mayor' Orville L. Hubbard, for 23 years the controversial chief exec- utive of Dearborn. Hubbard has enviable tools to work with: a city of 112,000 peo- ple, a city most of whose taxes' are paid by industry, and a con- stituency that is strongly in fa- vor of him. The result: an almost unbeliev- able $16 million city budget that is several times as hefty as the average budget for a city of Dear- born's size. Of that $16 million, some $41,000 is invested in a Research and Information depart- ment whose work in part consists of building up the image of Hub- bard and his administration. The situation wouldn't be so bad if the local newspapers weren't so cooperative, but this in turn results from the effectiveness of the R and I department. A com- bination of factors results in a most successful attempt at gov- ernmental news management and in nearly complete lack of knowl- edge among the citizenry about how its news is served up. * * * THIS IS the process: The R and I department, which has four employes in the office, writes up stories about the city baby-sitting service and the oth- er city services that the Hubbard administration provides. City pho- tographers take pictures to sup- The stories and pictures are de- I ivered personally to th local news- papers by the head of the R and X department, Alex Pilch, or one 4of his assistants. Most of the stor- fes are published by the papers, almost verbatim as the R and I tdepartment wrote them. This can be attributed in great ;part to the journalistic skills of 'Pilch, former news editor of The Dearborn Guide, and his assist- .ants, and also in part to the staffs ;of the local papers. For the staffs are small and have much work to -do. A well written story furnished them ready to go saves them work. * * * THE R AND I stories are de- fensible in the sense that they are news. If the R and I depart- .ment did not exist, the papers probably would write up much of what R and I writes up for them. But if the papers did not have the cooperation and assistance of the R and I department, they wouldn't run so much about the Hubbard administration's services as they do now. And undoubtedly the stories would be written with a more critical eye. The Dearborn situation com- pares with the situation in the national and state governments in this way: the other governments try to do the same thing, but are less successful than Dearborn's government. The President's pub- lic relations department gives out news releases to reporters, and the reporters take some informa- tion and relect other information This is not direct news manage- ment by the R and I department of what appears in the local pa- pers, but is a definite, indirect and subtle type of news man- agement. Pilch takes the position that the newspaper editor is the, news manager, and in the strict sense, this is true. But through Pilch's services, valued at $12,800 in salary, and the services of his department, valued at $41,000 in expenditures by the administra- tion, the city plays a significant part in the news reporting process of Dearborn.t Pilch's role in this is greater than merely preparing and deliv- ering news stories (or a favorable letter to Hubbard for use as a let- ter-to-the-editor). He is a friend- ly, good-humored individual whc maintains good terms with news- paper folk. He does not tell the papers what to run. But by his department's services and through his conversations with journalists he subtly and effectively influ-- ences what th papers do run. And what the papers do not run., * * * FOR INSTANCE, an effort was made to run, as part of a re- porter's column, a neutral expla- nation of the R and I depart- ment's news preparation role. But Pilch's conversations with the re- porter's editor, and the editor's thoughts about his dependence on R and I, stopped up the report. Thus, there is not only influence on the content of the news that is reported, but also influence on the reporting of the fact that there is influence.