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Vol. LXX X, No. 88
Ann Arbor, Michigan-Wednesday, January 15, 1969
Ten Cents
Twelve Pages
t
Pass-fail:
By RON LANDSMAN Entitled "Pas
In the two years since its in- Some Implicatic
auguration by the literary college, Meaningful Coml
the pass-fail grading option has port outlines the:
met with mixed reaction. the literary colle
One expert, Charles Pascal of tion, analyzingi
the Center for Research on Learn- how it has affec
ing and Teaching, believes "some of students andi
adjustments are in order if the The report wa
pass-fall project is to adequately cal's own empiric
serve its participants." other report wr
In a recently completed report, Miller of Rutgei
Pascal charges that "the phrase titled, "Measure
liberal education' is" a dormant Weight: A Polemi
one" in the literary college. And the College Grad
he suggests the college be renamed In support of
"the College of Literature or Pascal cites the(
Science or the Arts" to reflect the current program
specialization which he says is -The structure
fostered by the present grading project here su
system. practice, "pass-f
As a solution, Pascal suggests for the same old
that pass-fail grading be extended grubbing";.
to all courses outside the student's -Although stud
major subject. what was hoped,
Specialization
or
a
ss-Fail Grading:
ons for a More
promise," the re-
major features of
ege's pass-fail op-
its operation and
cted the behavior
instructors.
as based on Pas-
cal study and an-
ritten by Stuart
rs University, en-
e, Number, and
nical Statement of
ding Problem."
his conclusions
e features of the
t:
of the pass-fail
iggests that, "in
ail is a new title
game" of "grade-
dents are doing
"venturing" into
areas they otherwise would not
have tried, the courses have not
been appropriately re-structured.
failing to provide the students
with "more meaningful experi-
ences in these courses."
The way pass-fail is now organ-
ized, Pascal notes, students are
actually encouraged to try and
get C's. Currently, the only dif-
ference between taking a course
for a grade or on pass-fail is what
appears on the transcript. A, B
and C grade become passes. D and
F grades become fails.
Thus, most students sought C's,
though largely without too much
success. There was a rough linear
correlation between s t u d e n t s'
grade point averages and the
grades they got under pass-fail,
even though they tried conscious-
ly to only get C's.
"The author had underestimated
the effects of about eight or more
years of academic conditioning,"
Pascal writes. They couldn't give
up studying for the grade, he says.
Pascal cites Miller on this effect
of the pass-fail system. "It does
not relieve the student of the bur-
den of competition, anxiety, and
the rest, nor does it change the
teaching situation. It does not go
very far in response to the faults
of the grading system," Miller
concludes.
Pascal also considers one par-
ticular feature of the motivation
for pass-fail at the University, the
objective of urging more students
to take courses outside their area
of specialization.
Students responded to the pass-
fail option by taking courses they
otherwise wouldn't have, but the
results were not too favorable
courses for majors.
"The main criticism of the pres-
ent pass-fail option is that the
needs of these studentsa
fom being satisfied," Pasc
cludes on that point.
He argues that studen
experiment in a course far
their interest may want sor
far different than the s
who normally take it.
Many of these coursesa
ented toward the concentr
that field, Pascal notes.
He cites the" example<
math majors who took a
of art course on pass-fail.
"The course was geared g
ly for a humanities 'audien
more specifically for history
majors. Certainly the nee
expectations of this audier
quite different from the tw
ly' math students, who se
eral and parsimonious c
rather than essential deta
To solve this, he advoca
scheduling of pass-fails
liberal
are far where there are enough students
al con- and making the instructor formal
ly aware of what students are on
ts who pass-fail,
outside And in expanding the pass-fai
nething option to all non-major courses
tudents all non-concentrators would b
placed in these sections, Pasca
are ori- says.
ator in He would also expand pass-fai
for underclassmen especially t
of two encourage wider selection of ele
history mentary courses.
"Pass-fail in introductory cour-
eneral- ses would enable these students t
ce' and make more intrinsically valuabl
y of art choices for majors, rather tha
ds and be influenced by the grades the:
nce are receive which may or may no
o 'lone- represent a reflection of thei
ek gen- needs and abilities," he writes.
oncepts Pascal counters the common
ils." argument, that grading is needed
tes the as the basis of selection for grad
sections uate school admissions by noting
degree
, that their major concern is with
- major area of study. He comprom-
n ises his desire to get away from
the grading system by allowing
[1 it in just that area.
,. Pascal's final point is the pos-
e sible effect of pass-fail on teach-
11 ing. "A pass-fail teacher will not
be allowed to use grades in order
l to place the burden of learning
o solely on the setudents," he writes.
- If a course fails to achieve its ob-
jectives, it may be the teacher who
- must revise the course, not nec-
o assarily the student who must
e change his ways he notes.
n "With this type of teaching,.
Y pass-fail' should become pass-
t incomplete,' as in graduate school
r seminars" he concludes. "n any
event, if the objectives are not
n achieved, then remedial exercise
d should be performed by either the
- teacher or by the students or by
g both parties."
Johnson,Nixon IHA asks
support surtax
freshman
Drivile tes
By The Associated Press .
Calling inflation the nation's 'number one economic
challenge" President Johnson last night recommended the By GEORGE MILLER
continuation of the 10 per cent income tax surcharge in his In a reversal of its former posi-
final State of the Union address. tion, Inter-House Assembly rec-
ommended last night that the
President-elect Richard Nixon said yesterday he support- freshman dormitory resiflence re-
ed Johnson's suggestion and will retain the surcharge as long quirement be eliminated.
as the Vietnam war, the budget and economic conditions The proposal, rejected last fall
warrant it. by IHA and the Board of Gov-
In a formal and sentimental farewell to the Congress and ernors of the Residence Halls, is
on the agenda of tomorrow's board
to the nation, Johnson outlined what he thought were the meeting. And IHA's recommenda-
eaccomplishments 'f his ad- tion may have a significant in-
ministration and the continu- fluence on the final decision.
ing problems which face any In addition, the Regents will
president, hold an open hearing tomorrow
concerning dormitory require-
Johnson said regretfully that it ments for freshman students, as
has not been possible to restore well as sophomore women, and
0peace in Vietnam but that "the may vote on the issues Friday.
prospects for peace are better to- e rdeci of he a rd of
day than at any time since North goI pr ol ea motn
'Vietnam began its invasion" more factor in the Regental delibera-
se e i i.than four years ago. tion.
OSA committee
asks'U to aid
tenants' union
By DAN SHARE
The operating committee to the Office of Student Affairs
reached agreement yesterday that the University should
comply with the requests of the rent strike steering commit-
tee for assistance in so far as it can.
The operating committee is an advisory board to Acting
Vice President for Student Affairs Barbara Newell composed
of students.
The rent strike formally requested the Bureau of Off-
-Daly -Ja)C tas dt
What role poi- the(a sistan~t prfe~Csor?
Apprentice or equal, what role for the assistant professor? This was one of the major questions
discussed by a panel at the American Association of University Professors (AAC'P) meeting las
night. The professors who took part were, from left, William Cressey, Romance languages; Arthur
By ROBERT KRAFTOWITZ
It was the first time in 169
years that an outgoing president;
ihaZfaia o haQ ,,o- h TT... ,
Sophomore women were granted
apartment permission by the board
UnvestyAtiir s a a te M e o the Un- last year, pending final approval Schwartz, math; Roger Lind, social
terday announced a modification message person by the Regents. This approval is and Julian Gendel, chemistry.
of the procedure for selecting sen- Concerning the economic prob- expected to be granted at Friday's
for officers in thkeor of charges lem, Johnson said, "It is impera- meeting.
br the Black Student Union of tive that we do all we rf- Prof. Donald Eschman of the rLI' TON IS WORSE
"potential discrimination," sponsibly can to resist inflation geology department, a board mem-
The planned changes, howevr, while maintaining our prosperity." ber, told The Daily last night that.
Johnson said that the increased to his knowledge, the four faculty
posal prospects for peace in Vietnam are members on the board hold to the
In October, representatives of based on the fact that the U.S. board's decision that the freshman
BSU charged that the present pro- military situation there has im- live-in requirement be retained.
cedure of appointing officers al- proved and a structure for nego- He said he expected the four
lows for the possibility of bias. tiations has been laid down in student members, elected to the By CHARLES SILKOWITZ dis
They proposed that senior officers Paris board by IHA, would make a case Ann Arbor SDS voted last night I '.
be selected by internal elections. "The free nations of Asia know tomorrow for abolishing the rule. to protest what they believe to be Isai
All UAC members with a minimum now what they were not sure of The IHA recommendation to the today's appearance on campus of for
tenure of two or three months at the time of the North Viet- board includes an effective date a recruiter from Litton Industries. 1
would be allowed to vote, under namese invasion - that America , of next fall. The standard stipu- °Members of SDS also plan to talk no
the BSU proposal. cares about their freedom, and its lation that students under 21 to the recruiter about their can
own vital interests in Asia and the
Under the present system, the Pacifi." Jnsn si must have parental permission to charges against Litton. Gil
applicants are Teviewed by a Joint Pacific," Johnson said. live outside of the residence halls The group plans to leaflet and of
Conference Committee of the Johnson said the quest for a is maintained. to produce a guerrilla theatre pro- wil
Union and the League (JCC) stable peace in the Middle East is H duction but apparently will not Ja
eaue. ongoninmnycaitl H sidiIHA members agreed that liter- j _ ___... .
This committee arrives at) a sla te going on in many capitals. He said ature concerning dorm living, as
of officers after considering rec- "there must be a settlement of the w ar the tight off-campus hous-
ommendations by the outgoing armed hostility that exists in the well as A g
UAC senior offices. These eco - region today. It is a threat not ing market should be relayed to r !
mendatons are of key importance only to Israel and the Arab states, entering freshmen.
work school, the moderator; Chester Leach, engineering college
rdcketecruite
rupt the recruiting. "We have
plans for blocking the doors,"
d Paul Bernstein, a spokesman
SDS.
However, Litton apparently has
plans to send a recruiter onto
mpus today. According to Dave
llette, assistant to the director
placement, the Litton recruiter
1 not appear on campus until
n. 20.
Discuss:
proposed<
followedt
meeting o
Daily. Th
bers obje
fearing a
dom of d
Followin
sent Bern
give an a
protest.
' + n }
LtUt s
according
1 urged plaltation
ples" and
and have usually been accepted in
the past.
The blacks have contended thatI
under this system, any officer can
block an applicant fron4 senior
office.
Ron Harris, a BSU representa-
tive declined to comment on UAC's
decision. He said he had not been
informed in writing of the final
plans for this year. However, he
indicated he was pleased with!
the progress being made.
"We feel that UAC has made
great strides to change their
See UAC, Page 8
but to the entire world.'
The President said he is submit-'
ting to Congress today a budget
which will provide a $3.4 billion
surplus for the fiscal year begin-I
ning next July if the surtax is
continued. He gave no specific
figures on the spending total, but
it was generally expected to be
around $195 billion.
Striking a note of continued
commitment to the nation's ma-
jor problems, Johnson outlined a
series of proposals on which the
budget director's office will send
to Congress drafts of legislation.
severai questions raised by the in Califo
members point up the problems ;ichannellin
involved in extending freedom of V 'eaflIC1nI t-s eS dents ri
choice to freshmen. Bernstein
The abolition of the requirement Job Corp
would significantly increase the By JILL CRABTREE from the 57 cooperatives, fraterni- excessive
ability of students to control their Two members of student coop- ties and sororities which the FBA pared its
lives but might also increase the erative houses and a non-student supplies with food. tration ca
difficulty freshmen have coping who was formerly in a cooperative ' Two new non-student members Unlike
with the new environment, are running for the board of di- will be chosen by the present Litton "is
Office of University Housing of- rectors of the Fraternity Buyer's board at a future date. bad, butI
ficials expect only a small loss Association in an attempt to re- Th didat f SDS's p
of freshmen from dorms and thus form FBA buying practices. tive houses charge the FBA is buy- tive and
no real shortage of occupants, Six students will be chosen for ing meat and produce from whole- Bernstein
but apartments may be unable to the FBA board tonight at the an- salers who demand "exploitive A fact
accommodate all of them. nual meeting of representatives prices." In addition, they charge mation on
the FBA with apathy and an un- has been]
willingness to experiment with tributed o
alternative methods and suppliers. illa the
hn,3 d t,
ion and the vote ont
activities against Litt
the expulsion from t
of a reporter f'om T
e majority of SDS me
cted to press covera
violation of their "fr
ebate."
ng the meeting, S
nstein to The Daily
account of the propo
alleged abuses inclu
to Bernstein, the "E
of the third world p(
a Job Corps operat
rnia which "acts as
ng agent for black s
ght into the Arm
also charged that 1
s camp "is run unc
discipline." He co
operation to a conce
amp.
Dow, Bernstein sa
not so obvious. Dow
Litton is worse."
rotest actions are ten
"subject to chang
said.
sheet containing infi
n Litton's alleged abu
prepared and will be d
n the campus. The gu
atre script or scena
been written by t
Campus Housing to inform all students seeking housing in-
formation about the r e n t
strike by distributing a fact
sheet and asked Mrs. Newell
to help provide the committee
with information "which is
s relevant for the protection of
t tenants in Ann Arbor." I
r Steve Schwartz, Grad, a mem-
ber of the operating committee,
indicated the committee felt there 18i'rllpt1o11
- would be no problem distributing,
the information requested and
that this need not reflect any By HAROLD ROSENTHAL
policy position on the part of the The Radical Caucus last nigh
University. recommended that a disruptive
"The second request," Schwartz I sit-in be held in the office of lit
said, "is up in the air as far as erary college Dean William Hay
where the information niight be to demand the end of languagt
and if it is public. If we have it and distribution requirements.
and it is public information there The group made plans for
the is no reason not to give it to the mass meeting Jan. 27 to discus;
thrent strike." further action on course require
7he Mrs. Newell said last night the ments. The proposal foi a disrup
m University is "considering intern- tive sit-in will be presented for
ge, ally" the rent strike's requests. consideration at the meeting.
ee- She declined to say whether she Radical Caucus members sai
would instruct the Bureau of Off- they expect Student Governmen
DS Campus Housing to provide the Council to support the mass meet
to requested information. She did ing.
sed say, however, that she would At that meeting the Caucus wil
reach a decision "very soon." recommend that a disruptive sit
ide, Schwartz said the committee in take place in Dean Hays' of
ex- reached no decision on whether or fice demanding that the executive
eo- not the University should take a committee of the literary colleg
ion stand on the principles involved immediately vote unanimously to
a in the strike. He said there were recommend the end of the re
tu- questions of the University's liabi- quirements.
y." lity which would have to be re- The sit-in would run contin
the solved before the operating com- uously until this demand is met
der mittee could decide It would probably begin s o o n af
m- ,In addition to requesting the ter the mass meeting.
en- distribution of a fact sheet, the Bruce Levine, '71, said the sit
rent strike asked for such infor- in should demand that the execu
id, mation as "a list of all registered tive committee meet immediately
is landlords, the addresses of their and that the participants not ac
holdings, the number of units at cept a promise at a later time
ta- each address, the mortgage hold- Eric Chester, Grad, said thata
e," ers of those properties and any in- promise by the executive commit
formation which is relevant for tee to end requirements would ef
or- the protection of tenants in Ann fectively end the requirements.
ses Arbor." . The Caucus plans to continu
is- It is unclear at this time wheth- speaking to groups that have In
er- er the University possesses all the vited them and will launch a mas
rio requested information but the sive leafletting campaign 'to build
his rent strike steering committee said up feelings on the issue.
there are two main sources with-
er- in the University which would be The leaflets will discuss the re
ost ost hlpful cent oe ifaculty meeting. and the pro-
do One is the Off-campus Housing RailCucshirnMr
is Bureau which the committee says Radical Caucus chairman Mlr
3ut has solicited some of the informa- , tin McLaughlin, "71, said the lit
in tion. erary college faculty should have
The other source is the registr a- acted on the issue Monday des-
be Tonaire filled out during registra- ,pite the presence of students a
he tion. There is an optional sectionuthe meeting. The faculty had ad
is which asks the name of a stu- ourned the meeting,
dent's landlord. j A new group on campus. t hc
Ne eortcColto xrs
,
t
r
by
t
1
I
re
li
C
-
E
G.
-e
-'
-
CIR CUS TI
adc 1oG
Protesters plan
By BILL LAVELY tion activities will be "non-vio
Over two hundred students lent and non-disiruptive."
inaugural gala
-
from Ann Arbor are expected to
leave 'for Washington D.C. this
weekend to stage a "counter in-
augural" on the eve of Richard
Nixon's inauguration.
Sponsors of the protest, in-
cluding National Mobilization
Committee, Southern Christian
Leadership Conference, and New
Party, are hoping that as many
Gordon explained that Ann
Arbor will serve as a general
staging area f6r protesters in
Michigan. Besides the 200 from
Ann Arbor, students from
Wayne State and Eastern Mich-
igan University will leave from
Ann Arbor for the nation's cap-
ital,
Instead of the traditional
staged along the parade route
in the opposite direction of the
inaugural parade route.
Later in the day marchers
will celebrate a "counter in-
augural ball" in a circus tent
pitched on the Mall, between the
Capitol and Lincoln Memorial.
On Inauguration Day a
"peaceful protest" will take
place along the parade route.
Gordon said that a parade
backlash of repression against
Washington's black population.
However, Gordon notes that the
SCLC is supporting the pro-
test.
"The SCLC is not going to
do anything that will cause more
repression against blacks, ' Gor-
don said. "There will be no civ-
il disobedience and no provo-
cation."
He added that he thought the
Theresa Civello, who is running I morning.
as a graduate student and stewardI The players will perform who
at Vail Cooperative House, said, ever they can attract the in
"The houses in FBA represent attention. "We will probably
$21/2 million in buying power. The something where the recruiter
FBA acts as if we should be grate- interviewing," Bernstein said. "B
ful to the wholesalers. who supply we will probably also perform
us. the fishbowl."
She said that Vail house, buy- Asked whether there would
ing. independently, had savings of a performance on the Diag.
} from 25-40 per cent on meat and commented: "The fishbowl
produce, and claimed wholesalers warmer.'
supplying the FBA charged up to When asked the purpose of p
1100 per cent mark-up on some sonally voicing their grievances
items. the recruiter. Bernstein repli
FBA directors, at a Monday "Expose is a better word."
meeting in which Miss Civello The 15 to seven vote to bar t
er-
to
ed,
the
See EEK Pae 8New Democratic Coalition expres-
See SE - P 8 sed interest in being one of the
sponsors of the 'mass meeting and
in supporting action that is taken.
),pen hearing They cannot make any decision on
thi until they hold a meeting a
(