THE MICHIGAN DAILY

;roes Press for Full CivilRights in Nation, C

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ing closely on the heels,
admittance of two Negro
Vivian Malone and
food, to the University of
at Tuscaloosa, President
Kennedy sent a five point
its program to Congress.
rogram called for the eli-
1 of segregation in pri-
wvned public facilities, such
s, restaurants and sports
Kennedy asked for an in-
: $400 million to the bud-
nlarge programs aimed at
al training and expanding
me nt opportunities for,
d part of the presidential
asked that the attorney
be empowered to initiate
court suits when students
m denied the equal pro-
f the laws through segre-
f schools and colleges.
Federal Agency
o asked for the establish-
a federal community re-
ervice which would work'
er-racial civic groups in
apt to ease tensions and
relations between the two.!
Y, the bill calls for a law,
clear that the federal
ent is not required to ...
any kind of financial as-
. . . to any program or
in which racial discrimi-
ccurs." I
ill joins another now pres-
fore Congress calling for
of literacy tests and six
elementary education as!
literacy.
Balked Action
eting the racial problem
ral government has been
a the past by Southern op-
-in Congress, especially in
bate. However, many ob-
believe that if Southern
attempt a filibuster to
current proposals, the
vill invoke the cloture pro-
f its rules to force an end
n the face of such action
opponents lead by Sen.
B. Russell (D-Ga) are
strategy to defeat the ad-
tion's program. Russell
,t he was "very bitterly
to legislation that would
impinge on the right of
ptoperty in this country."
me 11 radio and television
Kennedy said that the
tates was committed' to a
le battle "to protect all,
to wish to be free."

not ask for whites only," he said.
Although the United States Su-
preme Court handed down its
famous school desegregation.- de-
cision In 1954, limited-usually
token-integration has resulted.
With ever increasing action on
the part of the Negro to achieve
the rights that he has heretofore
been denied, racial conflict be-
comes more and more intense.
Hence, the 22,000 federal troops in
Oxford, the necessity for army
units outside o fracially split Bir-
mingham and the need to nation-
alize the National Guard to re-
move an obstinate governor from
"the schoolhouse door" at the Uni-
versity of Alabama.
Demand Change
In addition to their fight in the
South, Negroes are demanding
changes in many Northern states.
Therefore, Negro students have
been conducting sit-ins in Engle-
wood, New Jersey in an attempt
to force the New Jersey school
system to integrate. New York
and New Jersey schools have been
ordered to end racial "imbalance."
In New York, Negroes struck the
construction of a hospital being
built in Harlem because of Job
discrimination concerned with the
project.
Negroes are now striving for
equality and full-fledged citizen-
ship that they feel belongs to them.
Good Money, Good Service
Since their money is good
enough to buy goods in Southern
stores they desire to eat at the
lunch counters in these establish-
ments.
However, integrated lunch coun-
ters and the right to vote will not
solve the conflict now. Equal job
and educational opportunities are
being demanded as the Negro seeks
t oassume a greater place in so-
ciety;;
The federal government is seek-
ing to aid this task up to a point.
But after that the individual com-
munities are cleft to iron out the
racial difficulties confronting
them. However, many o the
Southern communities have shown
an unwillingness to discuss the
problem. Violence has forced white
leaders in Birmingham to seriously'
sit down and discuss the problem
with Negro leaders. More violence
is likely before conditions change.
In fact, the situation is again
getting tense in Albany, Georgia
where Negro leaders are charging
the police with excessive"brutality.
A number of demonstrators were
severely beaten while being taken
into custody.

Eclipse

The major events concerning the
passage of a fair housing ordinance
have been the continued urging
for a' strong housing ordinance by
the Democrats, the proposed form-
ing of a "grass roots" citizens com-
mitte e appointed by council and

, . - the rejection of the idea of a
housing ordinance by the Ann Ar-
bor Board of Realtors.
The local Democratic party has
Scontinuedpressuring for a strong
k fair housing ordinance. Robert W.
- Carr, vice-president for city issues
and policy, has demanded that the
ordinance cover the great majority
of housing in the city. Carr also
stated that, "We are agreed that
realtors and brokers clearly ought
to be covered under an ordinance
...he continued.
t Cripple Ordinance
"To omit those who make their
living in the business of selling and
- .rrenting housing would cripple the
',N 4ordinance to the point where we
in the committee could not sup-
port it, and would actively oppose
f git." In other actions taken by the
Democratic party there has been a
-- resolution endorsing President
John F. Kennedy's recent mes-
sage. The resolution called for
continued action against local
prejudice in housing, schools, and
job opportunities.
A 50-memberscitizens commit-
f". w'."+ P' tee has been proposed to obtain a
"grass roots" understanding and
discussion of the city's proposed
anti-bias housing ordinance. It
REAL ESTaedrTE:
Sheehan Defends Broker Role

was proposed by the council hous-
ing legislation committee.
Fourth Ward Republican Coun-
cilman Wendell Hulcher said that
his proposal "will not interfere in
any way with the timing of the
committee or council action on
legislation. He also stated, "The
eradication of the citizen fear
that is fed by misinformation
about an ordinance is a prime ob-
jective."
All Segments
The 50-member citywide non-
partisan citizen committee would
be appointed. All geographic and
all social-economic groups would
be represented. The goal would be
to organize neighborhood discus-
sion groups to present the pub-
lic with facts the city deems off i-
cial.
The Ann Arbor Board of Real-
tors in a statement June 20, said
that a fair housing ordinance
would "tend to defeat the rights
of the property owners" and "con-
fuse and confound a situation that
is truly a moral problem." It urged
the council to drop the idea of
passing such an ordinance.
The board cited a 10-point "bill
of rights for property owners" is-
sued by the National Association
of Real Estate Boards. The state-
ment defends the property owner's
'right" to buy and sell property as
he sees fit and his "right" to de-
termine his surroundings.
The board said the civil rights
section of the new constitution
adequately covers this problem.
Carr lashed back at the board

statement, calling it "utter non
sense."
He said the statement was the
formal expression of what long
had been informal policies an
practices of discrimination.
Carr also blasted the 50-man
"grass roots" ccommittee propos
ed by Hulcher saying that number
ous public hearings and statement
make it clear that a fair housing
ordinance has a large degree o
public support.
NAACP Reaction
The local chapter of the Na
tional Association for the Advance
ment of Colored People said it was
"neither surprised nor shocked" by
the realtors' statement.
It declared that the group ha
been attempting for 10 years to
inform the community that the
realtors have capitalized on ignor
ance and false fears limit Negro
home purchases, gain exhorbitan
profits from whites fleeing Into
segregated subdivisions and pre
vent the building of decen
low-cost homes for Negroes.
Meanwhile, the new city hall has
been picketed every Monday nigh
for the last month by the Ann Ar
bor Fair iousing Association-Con
gress on Racial Equality group in
an effort to speed the passage o
the ordinance.,
'Condone' Bias
At its last working session the
council refused to set a deadline
for a second reading of the pro
posed fair housing ordinance an
the AAFHA-CORE group has call-
ed this delay "condoning discrimi
nation."

- Lamar Miller, head of the group
declared that while the counc
e proceeds at its "leisure," Ann Ar
g bor Negroes are suffering injus
d tices that could be corrected b
council. He warned that neithe
ni the group, nor Ann Arbor's Ne
- groes will take the "inaction o
- council lying down."
s Also criticizing council actic
g is the newly-formed Interfaith In
f terracial Council of local rehgiou
leaders. In its two sessions, tU
group has urged the passage of
- fair housing ordinance. It crit
- cized the real estate board ft
s compromising the same mora
y principles it upheld in its state
ment. .
s Mayor Cecil O. Creal declare
o that Ann Arbor "should be th
e last city in the world where w
- should have picketing on cii
o rights."
t 'Fine Job'
0 Creal said that the Human Re
t lations Committee has "done a fin
job" and that the passage of ti
s ordinance is a "matter of deliber
t ation."
- He added that the ordinanc
n must be "fair to all the people."
f Republican c i t y committi
chairman Raymond J. Smit note
that "emotionalism" will not a:
e the cause of the ordinance. H
e noted that the Republican pos
- tion has not changed since the la
d platform as adopted. The part
- called for an ordinance that woub
- protect both civil and properi
rights.


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By PHILIP SUTIN
Co-Editor
Stressing the right of property
owners to sell their property as
they see fit, Daniel F. Sheehan,
Sr., president of the National As-
sociation of Real Estate Boards,
said last Thursday that realators
had the obligation to sell land ac-
cording to the ishwes of the own-
er.
Acknowledging during a visit
to Ann Arbor the principle of
equal opportunity for all citizens
in housing, Sheehan declared,
however, that "I do not believe
forced housing laws that compel
people are effective." Non-dis-
crimination, he added, "comes
from education in the home and
church."
Sheehan said that in selling on
the basis of race, the real estate'

"Whites Only"
mericans are sent
r West Berlin, we

to
do

Religious Leaders Form Council,'
Action ToFgtDsrmnin

broker is only carrying out the at-
titude of the property owner. "The
broker is a middle man. This ac-
counts for 99 per cent of his
business," he explained.
Remove Mention
He noted that the mention of
race had been removed 14-15 years
ago and that a.subsequent inter-
pretation of the NAREB's code of
ethics made it permissible for a
broker to sell to a non-white in
a white area if the seller agreed.
However, race is a permissible
basis for sales. But, Sheehan add-
ed it is unethical for a broker to
inject racial fears to stimulate
sales.
"If fear is not injected into an
area, property values do not
change when a non-white buys a
home," he said.'
Protect Owner
While not thoroughly studying
President John F. Kennedy's pro-
posed civil rights legislation, Shee-
han indicated that he would sup-
port the program as long as "the
property owner-white or non-
white is guaranteed to own and
dispose property to whomever they
see fit. If this right is taken from
the whites, it is also taken from
the non-whites."
NAREB recently issued a policy
declaration and a 10-point "bill
of rights" for property owners. It
stressed the right to make sales
without outside limitations, but
condemned "block busting" and
urged the selling to all groups if
there are no restrictions imposed
by the seller.
The 10-point "bill of rights"
said that property owners of all
races or religions have:
"1) the right of privacy;
"2) the right to choose his own
friends;
Enjoy Property
"3) the right to own and enjoy
property according to his own
dictates;
"4) the right to occupy and dis-
pose of property without govern-
mental interference in accordance
with the dictates of his own con-
science;
"5) the right of all equally to
enjoy property without interfer-

ence by. laws giving special privi-
lege to any group or groups;
Congenial Surroundings
"6) the right to maintain what,
in his opinion, are congenial sur-
roundings for tenants;
"7) the right to contract with
a real estate broker or other rep-
resentative of his choice and to
authorize him to act for him ac-
cording to his, instructions;
"8) the right to determine the
acceptability and desirability of
any prospective buyer or tenant
of his property;
Choose Neighbors
" "9) the right of every American
to choose who in his opinion are
congenial tenants in any property
he owns-to maintain the stability
and security of his income; and
"10) the right to enjoy the free-
dom to accept, reject, negotiate or
not negotiate with others."

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1:

religious leaders, af-
,lks demanding strong
t local discrimination,
st month's two-day
ashtenaw Conference
,nd Race into the In-
rracial Council and
nti-bias actions.
I was formed May 25
ne 21 to urge the
a fair housing or-'
nn Arbor and oppose
Ann Arbor Board of
nst the ordinance.
feeling of the con-
the statement"-say-
nance would defeat
property owners and
i1 issues-"is in con-
very moral principles
e board appealed as
the religious tenets
of us profess," the
IC Session
will also send a rep-
> the .July 2 meeting
n Relations Commis-
it rights groups.
1 May 25 urged:

1) the adoption of a strong fair
housing ordinaice without delay;
2) governmental action to end
discrimination in the county;
3) meetings between the Ann
Arbor and Ypsilanti Human Rela-
tions Commissions and civil rights
and religious groups to discuss
human rights;
Clerical Leadership
4) civil rights leadership by the
clergy; and
5) the establishment of social
action committees within the
churches.
The council also noted develop-
ing de facto segregation at Ann
Arbor's Mack and Jones Elemen-
tary Schools and the need to ex-
tend equal opportunity hiring
practices, review textbooks to
place minorities in their proper
perspective and undertake further'
studies.
"Social Justice"
Prof. Albert Wheeler of the
medical school, a former president
of the local chapter of the Na-
tional Association for the Advance-
ment of Colored People, called on

churches to initiate programs for
"social Justice."
He rapped the churches for hav-
ing "closed their eyes to the facts
of discrimination around them"
pointing to job discrimination in
particular.-
"Let me ask you to recall when
and where you have seen Negroes
in the following capacities: pastor
or assistant or secretary of your
church; more than one or two as
teachers in your school; more
than policeman or fireman or
clerk in City Hall; salesclerk or
cashier in local retail businesses
or supermarkets; or a factory
worker at a local plant; or even
as a carry out boy in the super-
markets," Prof. Wheeler challeng-
ed his audience.
Walter R. Green, chief of the
Equal Employment Opportunity
Office for the Detroit and Cleve-
land Army Procurement Districts,
cited a chain of discrimination
running from the high school
counselor who steers Negroes from
certain fields to unions and em-
ployers who restrict job openings.

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