THE MICHIGAN DAILY

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Wr age Sees Speech Role CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
u'ra a Ses ecv -Role'


Radio-Astronomy Progresses


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In vessimistic society

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By JEAN TENANDER
In a lecture about speech Prof.
Ernest J. Wrage of Northwestern
University and head of the Speech
Association of America yesterday
addressed the annual Summer
Conference on Speech at the Uni-
versity.
Beginning his discussion with
an analysis of the pessimistic po-
sition society finds itself in, Prof.
Wrage said he believed people to-
day "feel strangely diminished by
the opportunities and the acquisi-
tions now available to them."
He quoted Stephen Spender as
saying that the prevailing modern
attitude is a fatalistic one and
added that he himself saw this
feeling resulting from the immen-
sity of present day knowledge
which in turn leads to the feel-
ing of individual helplessness and
an "abandonment of personal re-
sponsibility.
"But,"' he said, "I have not yet
become so;blase that I am not im-
pressed with the moment of his-
tory we are now in."
He asked those who did not be-
lieve or who remained uncon-
vonced that there has been a great
shift in the public mood within
the past decade to return to the
era of the "omnicompetence of
the common man" during the
Jackson era where society had un-
limited faith in the perfectibility
and progress of the human being.
He termed the "malaise of our

Austin Traces Language History

age" the fact that today's society
cannot return to the past and yet
cannot escape history, cannot
avoid, the future and yet seek to
escape the "Orwellian nightmare."
The antidote to this malaise is
an education that confers rele-
vance to the life of the individual
in the context of society's com-
plexity. To get this kind means
"extracting from every eligible
discipline whatever contributes
significantly in aiding human
freedom," he said.
"And whatever contributes sig-
nificantly to human freedom is a,
humane study."
Prof. Wrage brought this up to
point out that although people
favor correcting the imbalance in
today's education by strengthen-
ing the humanities, they never in-
clude speech within the context of
the humanities. "This is despite
the wide lack of coherent com-
munication between individuals
and nations," he said.
He claimed that there can be
classrooms where anonymity is
banished even in the midst of the
most massive classes in all of mass
education if the kind of commun-
ication that was capable of reach-
ing the student and thus banish-
ing apathy was created. "The
omission of speech from the
humanities is symptomatic of the
malaise I have been speaking
about," he commented.
Part of the unwillingness to in-
clude speech in the humanities
probably stems from the "verbal
bluff and pathos of today's lan-
guage," he explained. Part of it
stems from an indifference and
unawareness of the relation be-
tween speech and social conscious-
ness.
Teaching students to assemble
data gives them an insight and
a sensitivity which cannot be
gleaned from merely drilling pre-
pared facts into their heads,.
"Speech provides students with
an orientation and a kind of
competence they genuinely need
to relate their roles to human
events. To ignore this kind of
training is to take a cavalier at-
titude toward the fundamental
processes of a free society."
Unit Provides
Insuirance
Liability insurance has been pro-
vided for all students at the Uni-
versity Medical School in what is
believed to be a unique program
in medical education.
In announcing provision of the
insurance, Dr. William N. Hub-
bard, Ji;, dean of the Medical.
School, said the protection is pro-
vided by a single group policy and
no individual insurance certifi-.
cates are issued.
The medical student liability in-
surance is applicable only where
is a part of the r'equired course of
study in the Medical School. A
student is not covered by this poli-
cy when the takes employment on
his own initiative in clinical ac-
tivities which are not a part of the
regular curriculum.

11 ,..

By STANLEY SOFFIN
The United States receives
enough rain in a normal year to
cover the entire country with 30
inches of water, the Senate Com-
mittee on National Resources re-
ports.
Why then is the country now
facing the critical problem of an
inadequate water supply?
According to Prof. David C.
Chandler, director of the Univer-
sity of Michigan Great Lakes Re-
search Division, the water prob-
lem involved many interrelated
phenomena and circumstances.
Three important ones shared by
the country as a whole are:
1) Management-making avail-
able the proper quantity and qual-
ity of water at a given time and
place for man's use.
2) Conflict of interest among
water users.
3) Lack of public awareness of
the importance of water in the
national economy, and the need
for long term planning.
Uneven Distribution
The management problem is
created because the nation's water
is not evenly distributed geo-
graphically. Also, the amount of
rainfall varies from region to re-
gion and is not uniform through-
out the year, Prof. Chandler ex-
plained.

that pollution already is
alarming effects in parts
Great Lakes."

having
of the

yy part of the elec- unagainst his master to ask for is the one who uses all of the
radiatian emitted by Three types of communication something, kinesics when he raises forms of communication well.
es. Radio wavesi an- leading to the development of his tail angrily, and paralanguage In our society, men use haptics
f this radiation, are language were described by Wil- when he meows. He also can un- when they first meet by shaking
radio astronomers to liam M..Austin of the Illinois In- derstand language, as when his hands. They look at each other
of the universe that stitute of Technology recently, master speaks; but of course he when they talk, using kinesics.
e optical astronom- Speaking on "The New Ap- cannot use language himself. His They grunt during a long con-
adio waves originate proach to the Origin of Lan- master can also use haptics, kine- versation to keep it going; and
c and electronic ac. guage," Austin defined haptics, tics and paralanguage to com- they use language itself, so that
celestial bodies. kinesics and paralanguage as municate with him; but they will they are using all four kinds of
the radio astronomer communication used by both man not be the same, communication.
Sabout the comipo- and the lower animals. Communi- "Homo sapiens can be defined Communication by smell is
rature and velocity of cation is the conscious triggering as the use of language," Austin something of a taboo subject in
he cannot tell their to respond by one organism to said. A successful communicator America, Austin said. Whereas
n earth," the report another. Arabs must smell each other when
Haptics is communication by meeting; Americans become em-
must rely on the touch. Animals may bump or oreign Center barrassed at the mere mention of
s the optical astron- touch each other to communicate smell. "Research on this topic will
to make for nearly something. Kinesics is visual. com- To Host Discussion have to be done by someone other
measurements. munication, as a movement in a than an American," he said.
rsity radio telescope certain direction or a pointing; A panel of students representing Describing earlier theories about
iggest in the world, and paralanguage is a sound of Europe, Africa, Asia, South Amer- the origin of language, Austin de-
among the best in the vocal tract which is non- ica and the United States will scribed the theory that words
ling power, or the articulated, such as "uh-huh" or discuss Student activities in their originally had a natural sound
e fine detail," t4 e "meow." countries at 8 p.m. today at the which primitive man knew but
7s pointed out. A cat uses haptics when he rubs International Center. modern man has forgotten.
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)fficiai Bulletin is an Work Institute on thfe Admin. of Med- I"The 196i-1962 Mich. Constitutional 'ministrative Assistant-Located in B-
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Eisestei a Potekin' tw vinageof time with research & dev. lab.
MAY JULY 12 Chrl e Chapli coedeen i A Aro o n Jul 20 at 80ae Invesigaor A ys. ful-tim
Ca-cndar Seesaw" Ldia Mendelssohn Theatre. be the lst test for persons wh oe cedito inveitio .n or wok min aw-
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x and applicants must determine in ad- ments, 3200 SAB, Ext. 3544.
vance which exam they prefer to take. -
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of Appointments, 3200 SAB.
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Team from the U.S. NayRecruiting OR A Z TO
NavyY
from the N l Ar Satio, Gros le NOTICES
~~~ ~~Mich., will be at Angell Hall from 9:00 ____________________
a.m. untiil 4:00 p.m. daily from July ~
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POSITION OPENINGS: U. of l . Friends of SNCC, Perform-
Management Consultants in Mass.b ance of Elks Negro Drill Team, July
Spn Client firm has following opening: Ad- 12, 7 p.m., Diagonal.

This uneven distribution of
water creates the situation where
demand exceeds supply in one
part of a region, although a sur-
plus might exist in another area
of the same region.
Prof. Chandler points out that
management of water involves
proper storage, flood control,
drainage, uniform stream flow and'
diversion. Each of these is a sep-
arate problem which exemplifies
the great complexity of the water
supply question.
The conflict of interests prob-
lem stems from such uses of water
as navigation, hydroelectric power,
waste disposal, recreation and ir-
rigation. But Prof. Chandler be-
lieved the greatest conflict arises
from pollution. He regards this
as the "central problem of water
resource development."
Instead of dumping our wastes
in water, Prof. Chandler suggested
the waste be treated. before it
gets into the, water. This method
involves the removal of solids by
standard procedures, and then, by
a chemical and biological process,
removing the remaining dissolved
substances.
He pointed out that the chemi-
Drill Formation
To Demonstrate
"The Continentals," "El Toros"
and "The French Dukes," Ann
Arbor's nationally-known cham-
pionship drill teams and a part of
the Junior Herd of Elk's Pratt
Lodge No. 322, will give a public
demonstration of their award-
winning marches at 7 p.m. today
on the Diag. The free performance
is being sponsored by the Univer-
sity Friends of SNCC.

cal treatment is the same used to
remove salt from sea water. But
because this process is expensive,
it isn't done. Prof. Chandler warn-
ed that in the long run, polluted
water will be far more costly.
"What the public fails to realize,"
he said, "is the value of water in
terms of dollars and cents."
Pollution is also a threat to
the Great Lakes. In this region,
Prof Chandler said, attempts are
now being made to flush the pol-
luted streams with Great Lakes
water. Because all discharge of
wastes from streams in this area
enters the Great Lakes, the larg-
est body of fresh water may reach
its "maximum capacity" to hold
waste in dissolved form "sooner
than we realize."
He added, "There is evidence

Lack of Awareness -
The pollution situation exem-
plifies a third main part of the
water problem-lack of public
awareness.
As he explained, "Public con-
cern for a natural resource does
not occur until that resource is in
danger of depletion or destruc-
tion." For example, people in the
Great Lakes region feel secure be-
cause they are surrounded by the
largest mass of fresh water on
the earth's surface. But, as the
pollution problem proves, this is
a "false security."
The public is also unaware of
the valuable research contributed.
by industry to solve the pollution
difficulty. Factory waste does aug-
ment the problem, Prof. Chandler
asserted, and for it industry is too
heavily criticized.
Education is one important as-
pect in solving the water prob-
lem. According to Prof. Chandler,
we must educate the public as to
the status of the water problem.
In adition, he said it's necessary
that the latest information on

water resources be used by the
official groups in charge of this
area. This will avoid "desperate
and poorly conceived action" in
place of long term planning.
The Great Lakes Research Di-
vision under Prof. Chandler's lead-
ership has been accumulating the
basic data for more effective and
efficient use of water resources.
Survey Puts'
'I
'U' Fourth
A survey by the Institute of
International Education in New
York revealed. that the University
of Michigan ranked fourth among
the nation's universities in the
number of foreign students enroll-
ed during the 1962-63 academic
year and fifth in the number of
foreign faculty members.
The Institute reported that the
University had 1,325 students from
foreign countries, or 4.6 per cent
of the total enrollment. The Uni-
versity of California, with 3,108,
was first, followed by New York
University with 1,925, and the
University of Illinois with 1,396.
The University had 155 faculty
members and scholars from for-
eign universities who were in res-
idence as teachers or researchers
under academic assignment dur-
ing the past year, according to
the report. '
The University of California
with 509, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology with 317, Harvard
University with 302, and the Uni-
versity of Minnesota with 167
ranked ahead of the University
in this category.
The University also ranked third
behind Michigan State University
and University of California, by
having 88 faculty members on
assignments abroad during the
year.

4

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Sunday, July 14 at 5:30 p.m.
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also recreation facilities
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TONIGHT, TOMORROW 8 P.M.
William Gibson's
THE SEESAW
$1.75, $1.25
NEXT WEEK 8 P.M. WED.-SAT. (TICKETS NOW)
George Bernard Shaw's
AND
THE LION

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