AY, JULY 10, 1963

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

PAGE '

AY, JULY 10, 1963 THE MICHIGAN DAILY

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TR EAMLINING ATTEMPTS SLOW:
Soviet BureaucracyStill Vast

WASHINGTON (IP) - Despite
strenuous efforts to streamline it
since Stalin's death, the Russian
bureaucracy under Premier Nikita
S. Khrushchev remains over-sized,
over-staffed and over-age, a con-
gressional research report said re-
cently.
But the Soviet staffing system
has brought shrewd, tough-mind-
ed and able men to leadership,
the study said, and Khrushchev
listens to them-when he chooses
to.
The eight-day Cuban crisis of
last October was cited as evidence
that Khrushchev remains a one-
man boss, by-passing the ruling
Communist Presidium frequently
in decision of national security
policy.
Crisis Sessions
"The extreme gravity of the sit-
uation . . . would seemingly have
necessitated a virtually continuous
session of the entire presidium,"
said the report.
"But nothing of the sort took
place," it went on, for Khrushchev
did not summon members who
were outside Moscow and appar-
ently did not call in even all of
those who were in the capital.
"Instead, when faced with a
clear and present danger for the
first time in his administration,
he fell back on those leaders who,
with a single exception, had served
with him in high office during
Stalin's last years.
"Khrushchev made the deci-
sion to withdraw Soviet offensive
weapons from Cuba in consulta-
Test Ability
Of Children
A final report is nearing com-
pletion, on the results of tests
comparing the reading, spelling
and handwriting ability of Eng-
lish and Scottish children as op-
posed to their American counter-,
parts.
Prof. Irving H. Anderson of the
school of education, received two
grants from the Co-operative Re-
search Branch of the U. S. Office
of Education for the study. Read-
ing, spelling and handwriting tests
were given, to groups of English
and Scottish children, and the
same tests were then given to
groups ,of American children of
the same age and ability.
No conclusions can be drawn yet
from the tests, Anderson reported.
He did sy that English and Scot-
tish exaniples showed these chil-
dren "usually excel American
children in the early years, but.
American children tend to catch
up with the English later on."
This is one tendency which will
probably show up when the final
results are compiled, he predicted.

tion with (Anastas 1.) Mikoyan
(until his departure on the mis-
sion to Havana), (Alexei) Kosy-
gin, (Mikhail) Suslov), (Leonid)
Brezhnev, and the heir apparent
(Frol R.) Kozlov."
The study on Soviet staffing
was issued by Sen. Henry M. Jack-
son (D-Wash)', as head of the
Senate subcommittee on national
security operations. It was prepar-
ed by the subcommittee staff with
cooperation of the executive
branch.
It said Russia "confronts some
serious staffing problems" even
though the system has "geen gen-
erally successful in developing and
raising competent, often superior,
individuals to positions of leader-
ship."
Prove Worth
"Each man on his way to the
top has had to prove his worth in
the crucible of deadly competition
and is under continuing challenge
to perform at peak capacity," the
study said.
"The price of 'failure' is no
longer death or imprisonment, but
in a society where private employ-
ment is almost non-existent loss
of high position with its prequisites
and privileges would appear to be,
a high enough price."
System's Flaw
Some of the apparent flaws in
Russian staffing were identified
as:
-The Soviets are "saddled with
proportionately one of the largest
bureaucracies in the world," even
though it is smaller than in Stal-
in's day, when one of every seven
Soviet workers and employes was
administering or managing some-
one else. The ratio now is one in
10.
-In some fields, including the
military, the route to advancement
is blocked' by entrenched senior
officials. "The Soviet high com-
mand, for example, is over-age by
United States standards," the re-
port said. The age average is 61.
"As a group, the Soviet marshals
tend to take conservative positions
on the question of new types of
warfare and other problems in
military doctrine, the report said.
Split Authority
-Russian diplomacy is burden-
ed by split authority in Soviet
overseas missions. Staffs are big,
partly because of "the Soviet
penchant for bureaucratic double-
checking" and partly because each
Russian agency has its own repre-
sentatives in each embassy. "The
ambassador has little or no au-
thority over any except the per-
sonnel of his own ministry."
-Soviet science is handicapped
by diffused-authority, by the sen-
iority problem, and by a practice
of multiple job-holding under
which one expert holds several
assignments. Last year 103 aca-
demicians held 1,037 jobs.
-Despite the state's ability to

feed the supply of potential lead-
ers by subsidizing a controlled
flow of college students, the So-
viet "still lacks eiough generally
capable individuals for staffing the
middle and lower echelons of the
administrative apparatus."
Policy Similarities
Findings of the Jackson com-
mittee oln the policy-making ma-
chinery of the United States gov-
ernment have influenced several'
reforms by the Kennedy adminis-
tration. The latest study found
some similarity between Khrush-
chev's use, of a sort of "inner cab-
inet" in the Cuban crisis and Pres
ident John F. Kennedy's use of
the reorganized national security
council to advise on defense policy.
An introductory note comment-
ed, "'Except for a few minor jobs
(in Russia), all positions - from
minister to party clerk; from re-
search scientist to streetsweeper;
from party secretary to lathe oper-
ator-are parts of a single mam-
moth staff at the service of the
Soviet rulers.
"Thus, the men wio bear ulti-
mate responsibility for the secur-
ity of the Soviet Union have the
full manpower resources of the
country at their disposal."
Adequate for Effect
In a concluding appraisal, the
report noted that the dense secre-
cy still surrounding Soviet de-
fense and foreign policy institu-
tions makes judgments on their
effectivenessdifficult, but added,
"The strength of the Soviet chal-
lenge in the world today, when the
complexities of national and in-
ternational life are greater than
ever before, is in itself a measure
of the effectiveness of Soviet
staffing.
"The top leaders in Khrush-
chev's regime are a shrewd, tough-
minded bunch, experienced over
a wide range of subjects and cap-
able of handling complex prob-
lems of national policy with rea-
sonable foresight and dispatch."
Marckwardt Sets
Dictionary Talk
Prof. Albert H. Marckwardt of
the English department will speak
on "Webster's International Dic-
tionary," 8 p.m. today in Rm. 3003
North University Bldg.

Set Hartweg
To Preside
Over Group
Prof. Norman Hartweg of the
zoology department has been
elected President of the Organiza-
tion for Tropical Studies.
The organization, recently set
up cooperatively by a number of
American universities, plans to set
up a Center for Tropical Studies
in San Jose, Costa Rica. It will
offer a diverse program of edu-
cation and research in tropical
biology and related fields to
scholars throughout the Western
Hemisphere.
Citing "compelling economic,
and social reasons" for undertak-
ing the creation of the new cen-
ter, Prof. Hartweg noted that "the
speed-up of exploitation and man's
population ;expansion in tropical
regions of the world have created
many problems of biological or-
igin.
Need Understanding
"The solutions to these prob-
lems are dependent upon an un-
derstanding of the tropical en-
vironment. Students and scientists
trained in temperate parts of the
globe are poorly equipped either
to understand or to deal with
such problems. A satisfactory role
for tropical studies demands bet-
ter training, a new and more
sustained effort and _a fuller par-
ticipation in tropical research
than exists at present."
Hartweg noted that the organ-
ization was not interested in du-
plicating\ activities that could be
handled by existing research in-
stitutions. Rather it will work on
those projects that can best be
handled by a group of major uni-
versities with their reservoir of
scholars.
Member Institutions
In addition to the University
member institutions of the organ-.
ization include the universities of:
Costa Rica, Florida, Harvard,
Kansas, Miami, Southern Cali-
fornia and Washington. In addi-
tion the Associated Colleges of the
Midwest (10 midwestern liberal
arts schools) and the University
of California are also interested.
Many of the above schools have
had wide experience in the area
of tropical studies. The University
has been developing plans for a
center for tropical biology since
1957.

HOW MUCH INFORMATION?:
Vietnamese Conflict Difficult To Report

By WILLIAM L. RYAN
Associated Press Special Correspondent
WASHINGTON-The flames of
a sacrificial suicide have illumin-
ated a nightmarish situation for
United States news correspondents
trying to inform Americans about
Communism's hit - and - run war
over South Viet Nam.
That incident was one of a ser-
ies which brought into sharp focus
the question of how much and
what kind of information should
the United States public get about
a shadowy war in which $2 billion
have been invested and to which
about 12,000 G.I.'s have been com-
mitted to advise and support the
government of President Ngo Dinh
Diem.
This issue has brought to the
desk of President John F. Kennedy
a complaint from four American
newsmen in Saigon that they were
roughed up by a score of Viet Nam
government plainclothesmen as
they tried to cover a Buddist
demonstration.
Long Term
The story of American news-
men's troubles in South Viet Nam
goes back many months. The cli-
max came a month ago, with the
public suicide of a monk who
set fire to himself in a Saigon
square. A dramatic picture of the
suicide was distributed by the
Associated Press.
That suicide symbolized resist-
ance of the Buddhists-represent-
ing perhaps 80 per cent of South
Vietnamese-to the nation's Ro-
man Catholic president. It had
added meaning for correspondents
on the scene. It bespoke despera-
tion of the Buddhists to get their
complaints before a world aud-
ience. The national Vietnamese
press is rigidly controlled by the
government.
The Buddhists had let it be
known in advance of the suicide
that something important and
dramatic was about to happen.
They informed reporters in ad-
vance of subsequent demonstra-
tions.
World Must Know
"The world must know," shout-
ed Buddhists in English, cheering
at the sight of an American cor-
respondent covering one of their,
recent demonstrations.
This conflict is one of the many
confusions in South Viet Nam, a
nation menaced by a Communist

conspiracy directed from the out-
side, tortured by bloody guerrilla
warfare and tormented by its Cold
War geography: it is a strategic
piece of real estate in southeast
Asia.
Buddhist resistance is inter-
preted as popular hostility to the
Diem government.
An ascetic Roman Catholic,
Diem rules with an iron hand and
his opponents call him a dictator.
Endless War
The United States supports
Diem in his endless jungle war
against Communist guerrillas try-
ing to seize the nation for Red-
ruled North Viet Nam.
United States officials in Viet
Nam are in an understandably
delicate position. For two years,
United States ambassador Fred-
erick Nolting Jr., has been trying
to soothe Diem and make him
trust Americans. United States
sources on the scene say the Viet-
namese president seems to have
haunting suspicions about United
States intentions toward him.
Some Americans in Saigon say
they have the impression that
United States officials feel there
is no choice for Washington but
to support anti-Communist Diem.
Reporters in Saigon have, on oc-
casion, been asked to "get on the
team," to give the Diem govern-
ment the benefit of the doubt in
their dispatches.
Play Down
Some reporters have been accus-
ed of deliberately playing up the
shortcomings of the Diem govern-
ment. The correspondents deny
they are doing anything other
than their jobs: gathering infor-
mation on a highly confused and
extremely difficult situation.
As long ago as April 1962, the
Diem government tried to expel
Francois Sully, a French citizen
who represented the United States
magazine Newsweek, and Homer
Bigart, correspondent of the New
York Times. Diplomatic pressure
and strong objections from the
foreign press corps brought can-
cellation of the order. But Sully
was expelled in September on
charges of having sent "systemat-
ically hostile" dispatches.
In November, Nolting tried to
arrange an improvement in rela-
tions between the Diem govern-
ment and the United States press,

asking both sides to "refrain from
idle criticism."
Secret Memorandum
Then, in May, the Kennedy ad-
ministration acknowledged the
existence of a memorandum, ob-
tained by a House subcommittee,
reportedly sent by Secretary of
State Dean Rusk to the embassy
in Saigon a year before. Informed
sources said it laid down guide-
lines for restricting the United
States 'correspondents in Viet,
Nam, urging that they be kept
away from areas where United
States troops were doing all or all
most all of the fighting, and
should be kept away from areas
which might disclose the extent
of Diem's failure to command
complete loyalty of the South
Vietnamese. A White H o u s e
spokesman said there was a mem-
ordum, but its purpose was to
promote coverage rather than
curb it.
In June came reports of a writ-
ten directive prepared in the
United States for G.I.'s in South
Viet Nam. It urged them to give
United States reporters a positive
picture of events and avoid criti-
cism. The United States military
obviously was concerned about of-
fending the Diem regime, with
which it had to work in the effort
to stem the Communist tide.
Mosele y To Talk
On Communism
Prof. Philip E. Mosely, director
of the European Institute of
Columbia University will deliver a
lecture on "The Challenge of
Communism: Co-existence and
Conflict" 4:10 p.m. today in Aud.
A. The lecture will be the third
in a summer series on "Where We
Stand: A Review of the American
Position on Critical Issues."

And in June came the suicide
in flames of the Buddhist monk,
the peak moment of a crisis spark-
ed by Buddhist complaints of
abuse and terrorism from Diem
regime authorities. The incident
seemed to shake the Diem gov-
ernment and increase sentiment
in some areas that the ,war was
going badly because of Diem and
the politicians surrounding him.
Doubts were heard that the gov-
ernment would ever win against
the Communists, even with United
States support.
Buddhist Problem
The government has been claim-
ing that its Buddhist problem is
solved, but resistance and demon-
strations have continued. Bud-
dhists challenging the authoritar-
ian rule acknowledge that West-
ern correspondents represent their
only hope of reaching the outside
world with their complaints.
On Sunday came a fresh dem-
onstration at a Saigon pagoda.
Several Western correspondents
were roughed up by secret police.
The correspondents contended this
was a deliberate government ges-
ture to indicate a tougher line
against the foreign press. They
demanded a formal embassy pro-
test and embassy facilities for fil-
ing copy which the government
might hold up.
A correspondent's protest went
to Washington. Kennedy called in
Nolting for consultation. Nolting
has admitted worry about the
Buddhist-Diem dispute. His talks
with Kennedy were expected to
cover a recent strain in relations
threatening to impede cooperation
in the war against the Commun-
ists.
The White House said the news-
men's protests were being stiudied.
The state department said the'
Diem government promised there
would be no delay in transmission
of press dispatches from Saigon.


VIEUX CARRE.

Enjoy eating in the
old-world charm of
New Orleans

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DAILY ,OFFICIAL BULLETIN
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, Lunch
0 Afternoon Snacks
s Dinner
OPEN 11 A.M. to 8 P.M.

Q...2.

11

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DIAL 2-6264

now,

ENDS TODAY
CLIFF ROBERTSON
"PT 109"

*STARTING THURSDAY
OW MBIA FICIURS f axE
A OHMARtYp
y, t
iIAPDLAC. [1(3 N Y cws. r

The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no editorial
responsibility. Notices should be,
sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3564 Administration Building
before 2 p.m. two days preceding
publication.
WEDNESDAY, JULY 10
Day Calendar
9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.-School of Pub-
lic Health and School of Social Work
Institute on the Admin. of Medical Care
for the Needy-School of Public Health.
2:00 ,rp.m.-Audlo-Visual Education
Center Film Preview="W.hy We Explore
Space," "Unheard Melodies," and "The
Community': Multipurpose Room, Un-
dergrad Lib. -k
4:10 p.m.-1963 Summer Session Spe-
cial Lecture Series, "Where We Stand:
A Review of the American Position on
Critical Issues"-Philip E. Mosely, direc-
tor, The European Institute of Colum-
bia University, "The Challenge of Com-
munism: Co-existence and Conflict":
Aud. A, Angell Hall.
8:00 p.m.-Research Club in Language
Learning Lecture-Dr. Albert H. Marck-
wardt, Director of English Language
Institute and Prof. of English, "Web-

ster's International Dictionary; ''hird
Edition": 3003 North Univ. Bldg.
8:30 pm.-School of Music Concert
-Stanley Quartet; Gilbert Ross, violin;
Gustave Rosseels, violin; Robert Cotirte,
viola; and Jerome Jelinek, cello: Hill
Aud.
Tonight: 8:00 in the air-conditioned
Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre, the U-M
Players present Wm. Gibson's "Two for
the Seesaw." Box office open 12:30-8:00
daily. Tickets from $1.00 Wed,.& Thurs.,
from $1.25 Fri. & Sat.
Doctoral Examination for Truman
Owens, Education; thesis: "A Study of
the Role of the Elementary Principal
as Perceived by Parents," today, 3206
UHS, at 2:00 p.m. Chairman, H. S.
Bretsch.
Foreign Visitors
Following are the foreign visitors pro-
grammed through the International
Center who will be on campus this week
on the dates indicated. Program ar-
rangeients are being made by Mrs.
Clifford R. Miller, Ext. 3358, Interna-
tional Center.
Hiroaki Matsuzawa (accompanied by
Ichi o Ishimura), Prof. of Japanese In-
tellectual History, Hokkaido Univ., Sap-
poro, Japan, July 7-10.
D. E. Deshpande, S. R. Jhaveri, E.
Pereira, R. Rangachari, Miss D. Bhoj-

DIAL 5-6290

wani, Miss Khan, iiss V. Mathtani,
Mrs. R. Muthanna, Students of Jour-
nalism, India, July 9-21.
Raymond John Odea, Executive Of-
ficer, Association of Professional Engi-
neers, Victoria, Australia, Australia, July
10.
44 Medical Students, Univ. of Got-
tenburg, Sweden, July 15-17.
Placement
ANNOUNCEMENTS:
Peace Corps Placement Test will be
given in Ann Arbor on July 20 at 8:30
a.m. in the Civil Service Rm. of the
Post Office downtown station. This will
be the last test for persons who hope
to begin training for assignments in
Sept. or Oct. Seeking persons with Lib-
eral Arts or general education bkgds.
Also seeking persons with many other
skills. Volunteers need not have a col-
lege degree. Minimum age limit is 18.
There is no maximum age limit. Ap-
plications are available at the Bureau
of Appointments, 3200 SAB.
The Applications for the Foreign
Service Exams for both the State Dept.
& the USIA must be in Washington by
July 22 for the exams on Sept. 7. These
exams are given on the same day &
applicants must determine in advance
which exam they prefer to take. Appli-
cations are available at the Bureau of
Appointments; 3200 SAB.
POSITION OPENINGS:
Carrol Sunham Smith Pharmacal Co.,
New Brunswick, N.J.-Immed. opening
in Pharmacology Dept. Applicant should
have PhD in Pharmacology, Physiology,
Zoology or Endocrinology. May have re-
ceived Doctorate this June, or have
2-3 yrs. academic or industrial exper.
Washington State Civil Service -
Psychiatric Social Worker I-MA in So-
cial Work. For higher level positions,
experience is required.
State of Conn.-Clinical Psychologist
III-PhD in Clinical Psych. & comple-
tion of not less than 1 yr. as an intern
or post-doctoral fellow plus 5 yrs. ex-
per. Residence waived. Apply by July
31.
Management Consultants in Mass. -
Client firm as following opening:
Northeast Divisional Sales Manager-
Boston or N.Y. hdqts. Age 30-early 40's.
Successful proven exper. working
through food brokers & good brokers'
men & with bkgd. calling on chain
headquarters & packaged products
wholesalers. Territory-New England,
N.Y.C., Syracuse & Albany.
State of Ohio, Dept. of Health-Seek-
ing head of Unit Research Sect, under
the title of Research Consultant. PhD
with educational emphasis in Sociology
or Social Psych. 3 yrs. exper. in re-
search aspects of alcoholism or exper.
in the research & control of behavioral
disorders. Candidate should be over 25
& in good physical condition.
State of Mich. - Institution Youth
Worker A-Completion of 2 yrs. of col-
lege trng. Apply by July 22.

U.S. Army, Biological Labs, Fort De-
trick, Frederick, Md.-Various openings
including: Supv. Medical Officer (path-
ology); Supv. Veterinarian (path.);
Medical Officer; Research Bacteriol-
ogists; Res. Entomologist; Librarian
(administration); Mech. Engnr.; Re-
search Mathematicians, etc.
Dept. of Navy, Bureau of Naval Weap-
ons-Various opportunities including
Engineers (all types); Illustrator (tech.
equipment); Physicists; Mathematical
Statistician; Metallurgist; Accountant;
Technical Publications Editor (physical
science & engrg.); etc. Various loca-
tions.
For further information, please con-
tact General Div., Bureau of Appoint-
ments, 3200 SAB, Ext. 3544.
Part-Time
Employmen t
The following part-time jobs are
available. Applications for these jobs
can be made in the Part-time Place-
ment Office, 2200 Student Activities
Bldg. during the following hours: Mon.
thru Fri., 8 a.m. til 12 noon and 1:30
til 5 p.m.
Employers desirous of hiring students
for part-time or full-time temporary
work, should contact Bob Cope, Part-
time Interviewer at NO 3-1511, ext. 3553.
Students desiring miscellaneous odd
jobs should consult the bulletin board
in Room 2200, daily.
- MALE
-Several Psychological subjects need-
ed.
1-Ambulance attendant to work for
room plus $10.00 per week.
1-Meat-cutter. Must have experience.
20 hours per week, including Sat.
evenings and, Sundays. Pay rate is
between $1.25 and 1.50 per hour de-
pending on experience.
FEMALE
-Several Psychological subjects need-
ed.
1-To take care of a 16 month old child
in your own home. Must live on or
near campus. Hours: 9 to 11 a.m.,
Tues. thru Fri.
ORGANIZATION
NOTICES
Gamma Delta, Lutheran Org., Con-
cordia Lutheran Jr. Col. campus for
picnic supper & tour, July 13, 5:30 p.m.,
meet at 1511 Washtenaw.
* * *
University Lutheran Chapel, Book Re-
view, "Proclaiming the Parables," Vi-
car Pragram in charge, July 10, 9 p.m.,
1511 Washtenaw. Midweek Devotion at
10 p.m. with Holy Communion.

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"A Work of Genius"-LIFE Magazine
"One of the Screen's Most Exciting
Experiences''-LOOK Magazine
J. ARTHUR RANK presents
LAURENCE OLIVIER
AS
"HAMLET
BY WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

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