LY9, 1963

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

Khrushchev Meets Spaak
As Red Session Continues

4>.

lavid Cites
f Parley
By VAUGHN WALKER

"The West may have increasing
difficulty in containing world
Communist expansion as a result
of the present Soviet-Chinese con-
ference now being held in Mos-
cow," Prof. Zdenek David of the
history department said yesterday.
Prof. David explained that in
the past the Soviet Union could
be held "accountable for expan-
sionary moves by all Communist
powers." It is now obvious that
the Soviets no longer are able to
exercise such control over the
Chinese Communists." Thus, the
Chinese may be able to make their
military moves in the Southeast
Asia area without effective control
from Moscow, he continued.
Lessen Beligerence
A second, but less likely alter-
native may come out of the con-
ference. "While the Soviets will
show less warmth towards such
ideas as peaceful co-existence and
nuclear disarmament, the Chinese
may be able to soften their some-
what belligerent former position,"
he said.
Prof. David predicted that,
"There will be little resolution of
the present conflict between the
two. powers. The Chinese will con-
tinue to place the Russians on the
defensive by attempting to ex-
pand their power in Asia."
He stressed the idea that "nei-
ther China nor Russia wants an
all out nuclear war. China is, how-
ever, willing to risk limited war
in some areas, while the Soviets
wish only to support internal Com-
munist rebellions in various na-
tions."
Little Notice
The present Moscow conference,
which has received little recogni-.
tion in the Soviet press, "tends to
present a weakened Communist
appearance to the world, especially
to Communist parties in the West-
ern democracies, such as France
and Italy." Prof. David noted that
"the Chinese are pushing for a
world-wide Communist meeting in
which they hope to gain support
for their position."
The Russians have in the past
tried to avoid such a meeting, he
added.
"The Communist party leaders
in Poland, Hungary, and Yugo-
slavia would probably support the
Russian position rather than the
more militant Chinese position at
an international meeting of Com-
muriists."
Prof. David commented that
previous to his "advent to power
in 1956, Premier Nikita S. Khrush-
chev maintained that nuclear war
would destroy only the capitalist
countries. After comink to power
he recognized that nuclear war
would destroy civilization,"

-Associated Press
CONFERENCE-Belgian Foreign Minister Paul-Henri Spaak (far
left) discussed the easing of East-West tensions in Kiev yester-
day with Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev (far right). This
conference was considered by many observers a slap of the anti-
coexistence Red Chinese.
MosCow Talks ay Alter
U.S. International Policy
By SPENCER DAVIS
Associated Press News Analyst
WASHINGTON-Top American diplomatic authorities see the
possibility of a far-reaching and fundamental impact on United
States foreign policy in the bitter policy dispute between Communist
China and the Soviet Union.
ut an air of caution mixed with expectancy prevails here. Of-
fic' s expect no quick or dramatic results to emerge from the secret

view Means
SReducing
Cold War
Kiev Conference Seen
As Slap to Chinese
MOSCOW (MP)-Premier Nikita
S. Khrushchev, absenting himself
from the Moscow locale of the So-
viet-Chinese showdown debates,
conferred in Kiev yesterday with
Belgium's Paul-Henri Spaak on
easing of cold war tensions.
Spaak, the Belgian foreign min-
ister and former president of the
United Nations General Assembly,
returned to Moscow saying he was
confident East-West relations will
improve.
The Soviet leader did not re-
turn with Spaak and there was
no indication when he will come
back to Moscow.
Fresh Slap
Khrushchev apparently handed
the Chinese a fresh slap by going
to Kiev, 500 miles away from the
critical ideological conference with
the Chinese now in progress in a
Lenin Hills villa here.
The Chinese have bitterly pro-
tested the peaceful coexistence
policy dramatized by Khrushchev's
meeting with Spaak.
No news leaked out of the Mos-
cow talks between top Soviet ide-
ological expert Mikhail Suslov and
his Chinese counterpart, Teng
Hsiao-ping.
No Mention
Moscow papers do not even men-
tion that the talks are in progress
although they are the top subject
of conversation in East-West
groups wherever they meet--even
at the current Soviet film festival.
But in the East, Chinese Com-
munist newspapers have kept up a
drumfire of attacks on the Soviet
Union and on Khrushchev per-
sonally.
The Hong Kong Chinese Com-
munist paper Wen Wei Po accused
Khrushchev of treating the United
States as a friend and China as an
enemy. It cited as evidence the
publication in Pravda of the short
text of President John F. Kenne-
dy's reply to Khrushchev's July 4
message.
Among Communist sources there
is almost as wide conjecture as in
the West as to the time the talks
may take. Most Westerners be-
lieve the talks will come to a
dead end within a week or so.
Some Communist sources have in-
dicated the talks may go on for a
month or more.

Announce
Antiias
Measures
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-The Post Of-
fice announced moves yesterday
designed to eliminate segregation
and upgrade Negroes working that
branch of the federal government.
Noting that the department has
a lot of catching up to do in the
civil rights field, a spokesman an-
nounced that:
1) A strict order has banned
promotions on the basis of race.
A half dozen postmasters who have
resisted have lost their promoting
authority;
2) Seventeen postal unions must
sign non-discrimination affidavits
when renewing their contracts;
Remove Discrimination
3) Those who lease post offices
are obliged to remove discrimina-
tion on related premises;
4) Contracts with those leasing
post office windows in drug stores
must contain a nbn-discrimina-
tion clause;
5) Negroes with college educa-
tions but in clerical jobs have been
referred to the civil service com-
mission for job upgrading else-
where in the federal government;
and
Anti-Bias Influence
6) Twenty-seven deep South
postmasters have met with Post-
master General J. Edward Day
and urged to use their influence
to end local segregation.
The weekend saw various pro-
tests, some peaceful, others not.
In Detroit about 400 persons
marched through the city's north-
west side Saturday in the latest
of a series of National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People protests against housing
segregation.
Troops Leave
Demonstrations resumed in
Cambridge, Md., an hour after the
national guard pulled out of the
strife-ridden town.
New York police kept a close
vigil at a diner in the Bronx after
violence flared in a clash Sunday.
Demonstration leaders in Balti-
more announced they will resume
protests at the Gwyn Oaks amuse-
ment park despite violence Sun-
day.
Pleads Innocent
In Jackson, Byron de La Beck-
with pleaded innocent to the
charge of murdering integration-
ist leader Medgar Evers.
A group of Greenwood, Miss.,
businessmen have announced the
formation of a legal defense fund
for Beckwith.
Kentucky Gov. Bert Combs said
there should be "no cause for
alarm" resulting from his execu-
tive order banning discrimination
in businesses and professions li-
censed by the state. He promised
there would be no action that
would infringe on the legal and
moral right of citizens.

LONDON (P-United States and
British envoys fly to Moscow next
weekend with authority to nego-
tiate on any subject now before
the 17-nation disarmament con-
ference in Geneva, diplomatic
sources said last night.

W. AVERELL HARRIMAN
... expanded authority

The informants said President
John F. Kennedy and Prime Min-
ister Harold Macmillan have made
Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev
aware they probably would settle
for a partial ban on nuclear weap-
on tests if it is impossible to agree
on an international inspection
system to control a complete test
ban.
These key understandings lie
behind the Kennedy-Macmillan-
Khrushchev agreement to make
another try for a nuclear testban
treaty, they said.
The agreement followed an ex-
change of letters between the
Western leaders and the Soviet
premier, several weeks ago.
The Moscow talks are to begin
July 15 with special Ambassador
W. Averell Harriman speaking for
the United States and Science
Minister Lord Hailsham for Brit-
ain. The Soviet delegate has yet
to be named.
Informants said another general
understanding which emerged
from the correspondence was that
if the Moscow talks produce basic
agreement, then a treaty could
be formalized at a summit con-
ference. In turn this could ease
the way toward negotiations on
other major East-West disputes.
The informants stressed that
Kennedy and Macmillan at all
times made it plain to Khrush-
chev their number one priority is
a complete ban on tests-in space
and air, under water and below
ground.
Kennedy and Macmillan were
said to have offered a wider agen-
da to meet what they consider to
be Khrushchev's suspected readi-
ness to reach more precise under-
standings with the West.
At a time of rising Soviet-Red
Chinese bittnerness, the Western
view seems to be that certain lim-
ited agreements with the Russians
could lead to wider understand-
ings and serve the common in-
terest. One such interest would
be to enhance Peking's isolation.
Harriman and Hailsham ac-
cordingly expect to discuss:
1) Khrushchev's own recent call
for a nonagression pact between
NATO and the Warsaw Alliance.
The British, at least, do not think
Khrushchev will make such a pact
a condition of a test ban. If an

Roundup

11

May Rebuff
Party Threat
To Gomuflka
WARSAW (IP9-Wladyslaw Go-
mulka apparently has rebuffed the
challenge of a hard line group
for more influence in Poland's
ruling Communist party.
That is how a number of in-
formed Polish and Western sources
yesterday view the outcome of the
13th central committee plenum
last weekend.
In some Polish eyes, Gomulka's
strong new declaration against co-
existence with Western ideology
was outweighed in importance by
the promotion of Arthur Stare-
wicz, long time party press chief
identified with a liberal line, to
the post of central committee sec-
retary.
It had the effect of putting
Starewicz at the same level as
Ryszard Strzelecki, hard line cen-
tral committee secretary in charge
of culture who is said to have
been increasing his role in the
field of press, radio and television.
Some independent-minded w'rit-
ers and intellectuals were hearten-
ed by the promotion of Starewicz.
He had appeared to be a prime
target for removal.
'

Sagreed declaration can be formu-
lated-carefully avoiding any im-
plication of recognizing Commun-
ist East Germany-Washington
and London may be prepared to
recommend the idea to their NATO
allies 'and
2) A treaty stopping the spread
of nuclear weapons to countries
that do not now possess them. All
three countries favor this. But the
Russians regard the United States
project for a NATO nuclear fleet
as a device for bringing West
Germany into the nuclear game.
The Americans say such a force
would contain any German nu-
clear ambitions.
World News]

DISARMAMENT:
Envoys Receive Wide Powers

-talks now taking place between
the Red Chinese and Soviet dele-
gations in a villa overlooking Mos-
cow.
A better line on current Moscow
thinking will emerge from under-
secretary of State Averell Harri-
man's high-level mission to Mos-
cow on the nuclear test-ban agree-
ment. Harriman is to leave Thurs-
day for London and preliminary
talks with Lord Hailsham before
the two start their negotiations
with the Soviets next week.
Import Issues
High United States officials con-
sider Soviet Premier Nikita S.
Khrushchev's personal position to
have been reinforced by the grav-
ity of his dispute with Communist
China, but officials here do not,
minimize the importance of the
issues.
The best available appraisal here
is that the policy dispute between
the two Communist partners has
gone far in splitting the Com-
munist world and in challenging
the leadership of the Soviet Union.
The relations between Russia and
her Asian ally have worn thin and
the whole dispute is threatening
to divide and therefore weaken
the world Communist movement
as a whole.
There are too many unknowns
in the present situation for any
accurate predictions about how
far the Soviet Union may move
toward the West as a result of the
Chinese dispute. On balance, of-
ficials point out that the United
States and the Soviet Union dis-
agree on innumerable questions
and agree on only a very few.
'Hot Line'
Overriding importance is not be-
ing attached here to the establish-
ment of the so-called "hot line"
between the Kremlin and the
Pentagon. It has not gone un-
noticed that Moscow has stopped
jamming Voice of America broad-
casts and Communist China has
also noted this relaxation while
Moscow discontinued the "China
Speaks" broadcasts it had habi-
tually run.
Indicative of the Chinese dis-
trust of Khrushchev is the anger
in the Chinese Communist press
over the prompt publication in
Moscow of President John F. Ken-
nedy's July 4 appeal to Khrush-
chev for a joint effort to solve
"those key problems which divide
us." This is linked with the ban
on publication of Communist
China's June 14 letter to the Cen-
tral Committee of the Soviet Com-
munist- party.

ANTI-RECESSION:
Requests
Tax Slash
WASHINGTON (A)-- A failure
to enact President John F. Kenne-
dy's tax program might "invite a
recession" Treasury Secretary
Douglas Dillon told Congress yes-
terday.
Much of the recent improve-
ment in the United States econo-
my is based on anticipation by
businessmen of the benefits of a
tax cut, he told the Senate-House
economic committee.
"Should it fail of enactment,"
he said, "the frustrations of these
expectations might well arrest the
progress and invite a recession."
Stressing "with all the convic-
tion I can summon the indispen-
sable importance of decisive ac-
tion" on the tax program this year,
Dillon said it should not be shov-
ed aside for the expected congres-
sional battle over the administra-
tion's civil rights program. In fact,
he said, the tax cut is directly link-
ed to the issue of racial discrimi-
nation.
"Discrimination is not likely to
be dissipated by pushing whites
out of jobs for Negroes, but rather
by creating adequate job opportu-
nities for both," he said.
The tax bill has "a direct bear-
ing on our prospects" for reducing
and eliminating the balance of
payments deficit, he added.
Dillon conceded that "progress
toward our goal of balance has
been disappointly slow and uneven
over the past 12 months."

GENEVA-The United Nations
plans an austerity program be-
cause of its financial pinch. Sec-
retary-General U Thant told a
meeting of United Nations em.
ployes in Geneva yesterday that
1964 would be a year of "austerity
and containment."
* * *
NEW YORK-Worrying over a
possible railroad strike the stock
market took a sharp loss yester-
day. The Dow-Jones 30 industrials
were down 5.79, the 20 railroads
down 2.68, the 15 utilities down .12
and the 65 stocks down 2.17.

s
a
t
Y
3
t
s
5
Z

By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON - Another sub-
stantial gain in national output,
lifting the annual rate to a record
level near $581 billion, was achiev-
ed in the April-June quarter, gov-
ernment sources estimated yester-
day.
LONDON-A British newsman
claims that United Arab Republic
troops have used poison gas
against remote Yemeni mountain
villages still loyal to Yemen's de-
posed Imam Mohammed al-Badr.
Richard Beeston wrote In the Lon-
don Daily Telegraph yesterday
that seven persons were killed and
25 others were stricken so seriously
that they faced a lingering death.
* * *


o. CHINESE PAINTINGS
AND PRINTS
July 9 through July 31, 1963
OPENING-7:30-10 P.M., TONIGHT
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Demonstration Changes Tone


WASHINGTON-A series of be-

hind the scenes
led to a change
planned August
demonstration in'
Washington Post
The Post said

second-thoughts
in focus of the
28 civil rights
Washington, the
reported.
that moderate

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Negro leaders' fears that a mass
civil disobedience demonstration
on Capitol Hill would backfire
caused a change in plans.
The change is indicated by state-
ments made July 2 by Negro lead-
ers that ther would be a march
"in" Washington rather than "on"
Washington.
Change Site
The demonstration will end with
a rally at the Lincoln Memorial
rather than Capitol Hill and a
broad spectrum of. non-Negro
groups will be invited to partici-
pate.
At the Congress of Racial
Equality Convention last week in
Dayton there was talk of mass
civil disobedience, culminating
with sit-ins on Congress during
the heat of the civil rights debate.
Also scheduled for this year was
Negro American Labor Council

President A. Philip Randolph's
Washington demonstration pro-
testing the high rate of unemploy-
ment among Negroes. Originally
planned for June, it is now sched-
uled for October.
Not Enthusiastic
Meanwhile, National Association
for the Advancement of Colored
People executive secretary Roy
Wilkins and National Urban
League director Whitney Young,
Jr. were not enthusiastic about
the demonstration.
The Rev. Martin Luther King,
Jr., head of the Southern Chris-
tian Leadership- Conference, also
announced demonstration plans
and one of his aides, the Rev.
George Lawrence, warned of mli-
tant national action if civil rights
legislation is stalled.
However, Wilkins-Young ap-
proach prevailed after last Tues-
day's meeting. Public opinion had
put a number of dampers on more
militant proposals.
President John F. Kennedy June
19 had cautioned against a mili-
tant demonstration that might
lead to violence.

King, the Post reported, was also
reconsidering. He was disturbed
by the potential for violence and
said that his organization would
only participate in a peaceful ac-
tion.
Wlkins and Young hammered
these points home, the Post said,
at the luncheon. They managed to
exclude several other more mili-
tant leaders and the final an-
nouncement stressed the "posi-
tive" broad approach of demon-
stration.


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