LATIN AMERICA FAILS SYSTEM See Editorial Page Y Sir~ia~ 471 A -qpl a t FAIR High--88 Low--65 Little change in temperature Seventy-Two Years of Editorial Freedom OL. LXXIII, No. 9-S5 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, JULY 6,.1963 SEVEN CENTS FOUR P Soviets, Chinese Start Conference To Consider Ideological Division; Western, Observers Expect Draw MOSCOW ()-The secret sessions of high Soviet and Chinese Communist delegations began yesterday in what was expected to be a show-down battle for control of world Communism. Main point of the struggle is the Chinese contention of Russian error in believing that Communism can be spread without war. The Russians, under Premier Nikiet Khrushchev's leadership, insist they can bury the West without violence. Chinese Communist chief Mao tze-Tung sent a high powered delegation headed by theorist Teng Hsiao-Ping to argue for a tougher , line. The outcome may affect the future of hundreds of millions of persons for years to come. West Expects Deadlock Western observers expected a draw, with both parties sticking to Stheir own views. {r The Chinese are expected to de- I'mand that a conference of all the ' world's Communist parties pick the ideological winner in a free vote. The Russians have indicated that they are in no mood for such a confrontation now. The Chinese were armed with instructions from Peking to stand firm on the basic issue of who should have the right to interpret the principles laid down by Vladi- MAO T$E-TUNG mir I. Lenin, founder of the MAOd TSEeTO Soviet Union. ... sends delegates Challenge Khrushchev The Chinese openly have chal- 'UNJUST': lenged Khcrushchev's leadership of the Communist world, and have o1 T1 even dared to go directly to the *1IJ S~C Soviet people with their argument. Their efforts to put across their * *hard ideological line-by distribut- iri g ing leaflets attacking Khrushchev -got three Chinese diplomats and two students expelled from the By MARILYN KORAL Soviet Union last week. James F. O'Neil, who replaced The Soviet Union fired a twin Chris Magnusson on the State government-Communist Party sal- Board of Education this week, vo Thursday accusing the Chinese claimed recently that the State of lying, meddling and aggravat- Board's firing of Eastern Michi- ing relations. gan University President Eugene Western diplomatic observers B. Elliott June 14 was "undemo- suspect the Chinese will brush cratic" and "unjust." aside most Soviet arguments about He will continue to press the "peaceful coexistence" with the State Board to "become more open West. and will come out of the and democratic in its future corn- conference with their renewed de- munications." mand for a world-wide conference Specifically, O'Neil said he hop of Communist Parties to settle the ed to get the State Board to agree issue. Wirtz Ask Answer On Proposal By Sunday Kennedy May Request Congress Solution WASHINGTON WP) - Secretary of Labor W. Willard Wirtz, warn- ing that failure to reach agreement would damage free collective bar- gaining, proposed yesterday a 2- year truce in the railroad work rules dispute. He called on both the railroads and five operating unions to give him an answer Sunday afternoon. Both sides declined to comment, pending further study of the pro- posal. If they refuse, President John F. Kennedy is expected to send legis- lation to Congress Monday, prob- ably calling for compulsory arbi-, tration of the dispute. The railroads have given notice that they will put new work rules into effect when the present bar- gaining deadline is reached at mid- night Wednesday. The unions re-; peated yesterday they will go on strike when the new rules are put1 into effect.- "Unless this situation changes, it leaves only two possibilities: either a nationwide shutdown of the railroads or legislation," Wirtz told the negotiators during a 30-3 minute meeting. "You appear to accept the in-' evitability of these possibilities. I' don't. Legislation would result in- evitably in weakening free collec- tive bargaining," Wirtz warned. Wirtz, in a news conference after' a 30-minute meeting with the ne- gotiators for the railroads and five operating unions, indicated1 that, if his proposal was rejected, the administration would seek leg- islation immediately. Class Totals Keep Risingf WASHINGTON-While federal aid proposals are stalled in Con-I gress, the classroom shortage and the enrollment boom go on. College enrollment jumped 8.1 per cent between 1961 and 1962,1 the Congressional Quarterly re- ported. A greater rise is expected as World War II "baby boom" children reach college age. Michigan college enrollment in the same period rose 7.7 per cent with 182,827 students attending1 Michigan institutions in 1962. Classroom Shortage Nationally, there was a class- room shortage in fall, 1962 of 121,-1 235 with 59,000 scheduled for com- pletion last year. The Office of Education estimates that manyI will be absorbed by the 1 million increase in enrollment and the re-, placement of dilapidated facilities. Michigan in thesame period had an 8,319 classroom shortage and was planning to build 2,640 class- rooms last year. There were a record 38.8 million students enrolled in public elemen- tary and secondary schools last fall-an increase of 3.7 per cent over the previous year. Michigan was close to the national figure with a 3.8 per cent increase. It hadj 1.8 million enrolled in public ele- mentary and high schools. West Grewl The West experienced the great- est growth rate. Michigan was 21st< among the states in that category. Seeks Two- Year Rail De * * * * * * * * * Gaulle Refuses To Modif y Policies NATO Arms, Market S S S :~:~.,:*~~:c*.................. C c f F c a + r. e NEA Beats Private Unit Aid Measure By The Associated Press DETROIT-The National Edu- cation Association beat back at- tempts yesterday to limit support for federal aid to the public schools. The delegates approved a reso- lution supporting federal aid to elementary and secondary schools as well as higher education, but defeated an amendment resolving that, "Federal grants for institu- tional uses in education be made exclusively to public elementary, secondary and higher education." Opponents of the amendment claimed that such action would put the NEA in opposition to fed- eral grants from the National Sci- ence Foundation, the National In- stitutes of Health and the Nation- al Aeronautics and Space Admin- istration, which go to private col- leges and universities. Hinder Lobbying This amendment would also hinder NEA lobbying, its opponents argued. The move followed a decision of NEA officers to present a more "positive position" on federal aid. These officials have decided that NEA's stubborn stand on aiding public institutions have only hurt their lobbying efforts. Instead, the officials sought to urge Congress to enact aid legis- lation that "would be consistent with the constitutional provision respecting an establishment of re- ligion and with the tradition of separation of church and state." Review in Court They also sought to have the legislation "contain a provision for judicial review as to determine its constitutionality." Under Supreme Court precedent in such matters, this provision is necessary if the court is to act. The approach of leaving men- tion of constitutional questions without taking a stand on them is designed for more lobbying flexi- bility. The NEA also defeated efforts to take a strong civil rights stand both inside the organization and on external civil rights questions. It defeated a resolution, passed by its Department of Classroom Teachers, urging the consolidation of 11 Southern Negro NEA affili- ates into their'white counterparts. 'Impossible' in South George Deer, a Louisiana dele- gate, told the convention that such a resolution "would put 300,000 Southern teachers in an impossible situation. "Southern teachers have inher- ited the milieu in which they work. Three hundred years of Southern heritage cannot be changed im- mediately," he declared. The convention beat back a Michigan amendment to "disad- vantaged Americans" resolution citing NEA support for specific civil rights action. COLLEGE TOWN TO UNIVERSITY CITY: Urban Renewal Project Dies1 (EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the last of a six-part series on pian ning Ann Arbor's future.) By PHILIP SUTIN Co-Editor Urban renewal is dead in Ann Arbor. This form was the first city redevelopment attempted in Ann Arbor. It was a hot politi- cal issue from 1955 to 1959 and died a sudden death when May- or Cecil O. Creal vetoed a pro- posed city application for fed- eral funds for a project north of the central business district. It is mentioned briefly in the CBD "Guide to Action," but the report clearly indicates other financing methods are prefer- able. 'Not Ready' "The community is not ready to do urban renewal. It was at the loan and grant stage when it was vetoed by the mayor. This mayor is still in office," city planning director Robert Leary noted. "It is a decision of the policy makers," he declared. Under an urban renewal pro- gram, the city buys blighted land at market value, assem- bles it into salable parcels and clears it, then sells it at a low- er price for industrial, com- mercial or residential develop- ment. The cost of purchasing, clear- ing an reselling at a loss may be borne by the city itself or by it in conjunction with the federal government who will pay two-thirds of the cost. The federal program originated in the dousing Act of 1949. State Power However, the city's power to conduct urban renewal pro- grams comes from the state, not from the federal govern- ment. This, Leary noted, al- lows cities to conduct programs on its own without federal help. "Urban renewal is a rough, powerful tool that deals with deep-seated problems," he as- serted. Leary noted the difficulties in accomplishing an urban re- newal program, especially in a business district. One is "the vast diversity of ownership" that makes assembling a land parcel without eminent domain "almost impossible." Land Ownership The average acre in the CBD contains 15-25 parcels of land "in every conceivable type of o w n e r s h i p -- partnerships, trusts, estates corporations," he explained. "The nearer to the goal, the harder it is to reach it. Some people won't or can't sell." A second difficulty is the CBD's high land cost. Some property sells for $32 a sq. ft. compared to $1-2 a sq. ft. for land at Arborland. No Slums' Thirdly, "Ann Arbor does not have slums in the technical sense," creating an eligibility problem in the federal program, Leary said. "In Ann Arbor terms, there is land of lesser desirability - delapidated, de- teriorated-but not quite on the national standards of structural obselence." The Chamber of Commerce "does not favor urban renewal, but does not overlook It. It would prefer another way," executive secretary William Bott explained. He said that the chief objec- tion was not the federal aid as- pect, but the confiscation of land to sell to someone else. Eminent Domain The guide expresses this view, declaring "there remains the question of using. the power of eminent domain to take pri- vate property for resale to an- other private interest." It is this aspect of urban re- newal and overtones of racial bigotry that killed the 1959 at- tempt. Seventy-five acres, bounded by N. Ashley St. on the west, Depot St. on the north, Detroit and Division Streets on the east and Catherine, N. Fourth, Ann, Main Streets and Miller Rd. on See CONFLICTS, Page 3 Gap with U.S. French President Snubs Compromise On EEC, Britain Tips BONN (P)-President Charles de Gaulle yesterday refused to modi- fy his policies on the Atlantic Al- liance and the Common Market in the interests of the new French- West German treaty of coopera- tion. Chancellor Konrad Adenauer and his government tried to lessen the differences separating France from the United States and other Western nations. This was in line with West German support for President John F. Kennedy's poli- cies. No progress was made, ac- cording to available indications. De Gaulle turned down a com- promise that would have renewed contacts between the Common Market and Britain. It was de Gaulle's veto that ended Britain's attempt to gain membership in the Common Market last January. The problem was shunted over to the Common Market Council of Ministers meeting in Brussels July 11. Won't Unify No aid was given to the move- ment for greater, European unity, which Adenauer favors. West Ger- man press chief Karl Guenther von Hase told the news conference that it appeared "the time is not right to take the initiative in this .matter." The West German hope that France would reconsider with- drawing its fleet from NATO was ignored. French spokesman Claude Lebel said at a concluding joint news conference that he had not even heard about it. Further, the two countries could make no progress on grain prices, a dispute blocking a unified agricultural price { policy for the Common M aP r k e t embracing France, Germany, Belgium, Italy, The Netherlands and Luxembourg. It was agreed that nothing should be done pending a new experts' report. Will Talk Again De Gaulle and his ministers re- turned to Paris after the two'days of consultation, the first held un- der the provisions of the treaty. The next consultations will take place in six months. The object of the French-West German treaty, signed Jan. 22 in Paris by de Gaulle and Adenauer, is to promote similar international policies between the one-time ene- mies. The signing took place at the time de Gaulle stopped Britain's entry into the Common Market and came out against United States plans for the future of NATO. That put him in opposition to West Germany on these crucial is- sues, and dimmed the prospect for big results from the treaty. Throughout the strain in the Atlantic Alliance, the West Ger- man government has taken an optimistic position. Truce Bonn Fails To Reduce to release all the information, al- legations and complaints received about EMU to a committee of fac- ulty and administrators. "Then they could determine the evidence, evaluate facts and come back with recommendations." This would be part of the "self-study" urged in the recently released North Cen- tral Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools report on East- ern. O'Neil claimed that the State - Board promised May 16 to increase communications with EMU facul- ty and administrators, after the firing of Elliott. However, "nothing has been done since May 16 to cor- rect the inadequacies of the State Board, as pointed out in the NCA report, or facilitate communica- tion with the university." O'Neil argued further that the State .Board's refusal to assign him EMU as the university under his particular domain-each mem- ber has one school he is specially responsible for-would further ag- gravate its communication prob- lems with Eastern. He noted that members have in the past always been given jurisdiction over the university closest to their homes. However, members voted to pass up O'Neill, who lives in Livonia for Frank Hartmann, a Kalamazoo resident. Kalamazoo is considerably further from EMU than Livonia, O'Neill said. This would make communi- cation with the university extrem- ly difficult. No kublicity The two delegations began their talks at a secret location. The Russians made an effort to play down the meeting. There were no Soviet newsmen or photographers, at the-airport and no announce- ment that the Chinese had arrived. Hatcher Begins English Trip; To Visit AUBC University President Harlan Hatcher left yesterday for a 20- day trip to England and Scotland. President Hatcher is one of a group of major American univer- sity presidents attending the 50th anniversary session of the Asso- ciation of Universities of the British Commonwealth. He will be traveling more in the capacity of a major university president than as president of the University, Assistant Director for University Special Projects Andrew Doty, explained. His only official contact with alumni will be a tea in the English Speaking Union where President Hatcher will address alumni living in London and those on a special European tour. President Hatcher will also visit Cambridge University and the Uni- versity of St. Andrew in Scotland. ATTACK SCHOOLS: RobertsWarns of Censorship By The Associated Press DETROIT-Demands for "text- book censorshipare better or- ganized, better financed than in any period in our history." Detroit Free Press labor writer Gene Roberts, Jr., a member . of a panel concerned with teachers and controversial issues, warned the. National Education Associa- tion of this danger yesterday. He said that organized cam- paigns to monitor textbooks exist all over the country. But the Clergymen Set Next Moves In .Baltimore By The Associated Press BALTIMORE-New racial inte- gration moves were discussed yes- terday by Negro and white clergy- men in a jail here and by dele- gates to a Chicago convention of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Seven ministers arrested Thurs- day in Baltimore made plans in a jail to press forward with the par- ticipation of white churchmen of all faiths in another assault Sun- day on racial barriers at Balti- more's Gwynn Oaks amusement park. The ministers were among 283 persons arrested during a dem- onstration at the privately own- ed, segregated park. The NAACP condemned the American Bar Association yester- day and called for an economic boycott of Portugal and the Union of South Africa. The NAACP scored the ABA for not appointing a Negro to its com- mittee on civil rights and racial unrest, formed in response to a ".ov oo h 'rni~~n _nh " T mn censors hardly qualify as unbiased critics, Roberts noted. Want To Ban Them Serious efforts have been made, he claimed, in banning books, re- writing sections to suit certain areas or simply deleting contro- versial material on such subjects as the United Nations or race rela- tions. Archibald B. Shaw, secretary of the American Association of School Administrators, declared that there may be reasons to question the function of important institu- tions such as the United Nations that are deemed essential to the national interest and policy. "But the schools are not the place, censorship is not the means, for expressing or developing that opposition, and certainly not the place to suppress evidence and discussion," he said. Liberals More Subtle Prof. Thomas D. Clark of the University of Kentucky commented that often the "extreme liberal can be more subtle" than his rightist counterpart in effecting censorship. These people can do great harm to intellectual open mindedness tect minority groups from criti- cism. Extreme liberal groups are likely to create so many taboos from their point of view, and racists so many from theirs, "that they will leave little or no leeway for the presentation of factual history," Prof. Clark warned. Plan Education For Africans WASHINGTON (AP)--The De- fense Department announced yes- terday the start of a two-pronged effort to produce a nucleus of trained professional military offi- cers for emerging African na- tions. The program will be conducted at United States military bases and on the campuses of American universities. "This training program is in- tended to provide . . . a cadre of strictly professional officers pre- pared to protect the legally con- stituted governments against sub- version and domestic disorder," the Pentagon said. CIC INSTITUTES: 'U' Pioneers Oriental Language Program by demanding censorship to pro-C WORLD NEWS ROUNDUP: To Isolate Economy of Cuba By PATRICIA LEFTRIDGE A unique program for the study'of the Chinese and Japanese lan- guages is being conducted at the University this summer and promises to become a pioneer in the field of language education. The University is conducting the first of four rotating Far East- ern Language Institutes under the Committee on Institutional Coop- eration (CIC). Last week 157 top students of Far Eastern languages,' from all over the United States and abroad, enrolled in the new pro- gram. The first, second and third year courses in Chinese and Japa-. nese are offered. One year's work is condensed into a single summer. Thnrf_ Jmpnh K Vamaziur, of the Far Eastern T.anguages De- provide fine competition among themselves, and keep the instructors on their toes," said Prof. Yamagiwa. Design of Languages The program includes first and second year courses in the two languages which meet 20 hours a week, and third year courses meet- ing 15 hours each week. Two courses in Chinese and Japanese lin- guistics present the scientific design of the languages. There is also a faculty-student seminar in which both languages are discussed. Here, Prof. Yamagiwa noted, students gain an under- standing of the difference between Chinese and Japanese, and also between these languages and English. The cultures of the two areas AerPa~ tndaied By The Associated Press WASHINGTON-The State Department said yesterday the Unit- ed States plans to take steps which will "further isolate Cuba eco- nomically and politically." It was understood that the proposed meas- ures planned include such moves as tightening bans against travel to Cuba, restriction of movement of funds to Cuba and stronger meas- ures against subversion emanating from Havana. WASHINGTON-The Western powers protested to Russia yester- day against the new security strip around West Berlin, denouncing msmsmomme