"It's Kind of a Two-Stage Thing" Sixty-Ninth Year EDITD AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS S rUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MIC-i. * Phone \o 2-3241 TODAY AND TOMORROW: Reply to Red Note Presents Problemis pinions Are Free Wll Prevail" -_ itorials printed in The Michigan Daily exptress the indi:idual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This inst be noted in all reprints. AY, DECEMBER 6. 1958 NIGHT EDITOR: PHILLIP MUNCK Education Still Needs Exchange of Ideas ERE SEEMS to be a new trend in educa- ion - avoid confusing the student with radictory ideas. At least, this is the view essed recently by two educators. . a celebration marking the third anni- ary of Detroit's educational television sta- the president of the University of De- supported the college credits via TV with comment, "the TV student gets more out teacher - there is no badinage between ent and teacher." And in Ann Arbor dur- the University Convocation on Religion, No Steam IKE THE Little Man Who Wasn't There, the one side of Stockwell's dining room i empty Thursday night, to the surprise dietitians and cooks alike. he mass walk out on the part of the girls s in protest about the quality and quantity, food served during the semester. Dean of men Deborah Bacon told a Detroit news- >er that the strike is a "simple personality sh." One wonders whose personalities are shing. )ean Bacon added that the girls are tired waiting for Christmas and had to let off a. So they refused to eat. This is a ridicu- s assumption. If the girls wanted to let of f am the strike would have been conducted re on the style of the South Quad food monstration," held two years ago. This time girls showed organization and demonstrat- their protest in a quiet manner. 'e food situation in the dormitories has wn progressively worse. It must be more to a clash of personalities . . . after all, it's )ensive to eat out. -RUTHANN RECHT the president of the National Council for Edu- cation, called for a closer working relationship between religious leaders and faculty and said the differing views often expressed by the two groups only tended to confuse, and thus, it would seem, to hinder the student. Few will argue with their assumption that opposing statements, each worthy of consider- ation, may confuse the student, but the educa- tors' further assumption that confusion and doubt serve as a stumbling' block to education is a little hard to believe. PRESUMABLY a person who comes to col- lege comes to learn to use his mind. Mem- orizing theories accepted by the faculty mem- ber in whose class the student finds himself allows him to absorb factual material. But without the opportunity to question, even doubt, anything the instructor says, the stu- dent may be deprived of the incentive to think, to logically examine issues from more than one viewpoint and to draw conclusions for him- self. The "badinage" which may result in con- structive thinking and the confusion spoken of by the educators is perhaps one of the best aids to education available to the university student. The recitation class and informal dis- cussion provide opportunity to discover contra- dictory ideas and to discuss their merits with someone who, because of extensive study in his particular field, can often illustrate the dis- crepancies, or conversely the concreteness of a student's theory. Without this exchange of ideas the education process could become a meaningless accumula- tion of facts, just as easily obtained by listen- ing to a record of the day's lessons each night Vefore falling asleep - a method propounded to be quite' effective in enabling the listener to parrot back the information the next day. -KATHLEEN MOORE POLITICAL AND OTHERWISE ... By David Tarr Those Helpful Administrators , By WALTER LIPPMANN A WRITTEN reply will, of course, have to be made to the long Soviet note about Berlin. The reply will have to represent the agreed views of London, Paris, Washington, and Bonn. But there are various ways of replying to the Soviet note, and we should think carefully before we choose which one. It would be easy enough to write a reply, which is as argumentative as the Soviet note, rebutting its arguments and asserting our coun- ter arguments. This will give a passing satisfaction to some. But it will do nobody any real good. The problem of the two Germanys and the two Berlins will still be with us. Another way to reply would he to draft a big program of counter proposals, with elaborate princi- ples and generalizations, many of them ambiguous formulae to re- concile divergent views among the Western powers. It would be a mistake to do this, The Western position is already in a strait- jacket of the old formulae which, because they have been promul- gated solemnly and publicly, make it almost impossible to maneuver and to negotiate. This suits those, some in very high places, who really do not want to negotiate. But in this changing world, in this changing Europe and chang- ing Germany, the immobility of Western policy is a grave danger. WHAT THEN would be a better way to reply? It would be, it seems to me, to focus upon the thesis that the problem of Berlin can be settled only as and when there is a German settlement-that no solu- tion, only at the most a de facto arrangement, is possible if 'Berin is treated as an isloated problem. If this were our thesis, then the next thing to do is to propose the beginning of negotiations about Germany. There are several ways to do this. On way would be to resume the discussion of a high level meeting, perhaps even at the summit. But this way is full of dangers and difficulties, and there is, I think, a better way. It would be to take notice of the Soviet's standing proposal that the future of Germany be Worked out by the two German governments. We could, then, ask the Soviet government whether it is willing to allow the two German govern- ments to negotiate freely and whether it is willing to accept the result if they are able to agree upon the structure of a confedera- tion. DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN The Daily Official Bulletin to an official publication of The Univer- sity of Michigan for which The Michigan Daily assumes no edi- torial responsibility. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3519 Administration Build- ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding publication. Notices for Suday Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1958 VOL. LXIX, NO. 66 General Notices Board Meeting: Michigan Alumni Fund of Development Council. Sat., Dec. 6, 1:30 p.m., Third Floor Conf. m-., Mich. Union. All Choral Union and Extra series (Continued on Page 5) It is almost certain, I believe, that the Soviet government will not agree to negotiations which are as free as that. It willinsist on conditions. It will insist that the two Germany's must live with- in an arrangement which limits their armaments and their alli- ances. Be that as it may, an Allied reply which took the line of a negotiation between the two Ger- many's would pose the basc ques- tion as to what are the practical conditions of a negotiated settle- ment-and what are the possibili- ties of an all-European security system. s * * A REPLY of this kind requires a serious modification of Dr. Ade- nauer's policy of the non-recogni- tion of the East Germian state. If he vetoes such a reply, the United States cannot now go over his head. But nevertheless it is a sound way to approach the Ger- man question, and it would have powerful support in the Western world, including Western Germany Itself. Indeed, it is hard to see how there can be any successful ap- proach which does not begin with and recognize the facts of life-- which are that there are now two Germanys and two Berlins, and that only slowly over a long period of time, and in the climate of na- tional freedom after the foreign troops have departed, can the two Germanys become integrate4 again LETTERS to the EDITOR Hoax . . To the Editor: A THANKSGIVING cal to a brother attending Ha rard University confirmed my most fer- vent hopes-the story of a cotrps of Radcliffe girls to act as cheer- leaders for future Harvard games was simply a gigantic hoax, the creation of those geptlemen whose wholesome wit has produced other, similar experiments in gullibility: the editors of the Harvard Crim- son. It was considered a huge joke in Cambridge, but somehow lost its humor by the time it reached Ann Arbor. The surprising thing is that no one spotted it for what it was; pure whimsey. At any rate, let us have no more nonsense from Midhigan students about any bevy of leggy freshmen parading around the Michigan Stadium for our games. That fine old tradition about the Union front door has apparently been ir- revocably lost, and our rigid rule against women on the football field is about all that's left be- tween us and a deluge of "Queens." And That event (may heaven preserve us from such a fate) would reduce the once-proud Uni- versity of Michigan to a status no better than that enjoyed by the students of That Certain Univer- sity to the Northwest. Bah! -Robert A. Winter, '61, About Nixon . . To the Editor: R. STEGMEIR: Who is indulging in wishful thinking? --Marvin Burke '' 'U' Budget Hopes Brighten NOR uproar has been generated since a zen's committee this week recommend- harp revision of the state's tax strucutre, :h has been said about the program. Crit- ve irately protested "weaknesses;" back- ve been equally strong in their praise. gardless of the controversial mechanics proposals, the University community if for only one reason, be encouraged. t reason: state services, including higher ion stand to benefit. LEGISLATURE in recent years has ad- ated a "hold the line" policy on spend- Irticularly in the area of services. nwhile the need for more funds for state s has increased steadily. Michigan's tion is expanding at a terrific rate. In- d urbanization has sharpened the ne- for more services; crowded cities are with problems of water supply, sanita- tion, housing, crime, social welfare. State men- tal institutions are also in need, Perhaps higher education's need is the most critical. Michigan is far less extensively equipped with privately-endowed schools than other states. As a result the burden of support has fallen on the financially weak shoulders of the Legislature, and the operating budgets of the nine tax-supported schools have been regu- larly slashed. UNDER THIS week's recommendations made by the citizen's group to Rep. Conlin's House Tax Committee, $140 million in new funds w01 be made available by June 1960. Even after squaring the state's deficits, the Legislature would be left with somewhere between sixty and eighty million dollars. State schools have been crying for more funds. Quite conceivably, a tax revision might provide them. -THOMAS HAYDEN IT WOULD BE so very nice if a student could be confident that the officials who run the univer- sity he attends knew what they were doing. But at times it is rath- er difficult. It has been particularly diffi- cult in recent weeks what with SGC a la Board in Review, back- ground music in the library and now a cross-eyed approach to wo- men's living regulations. SGC hardly needs further discussion. The living regulations have re- sulted in, a strange combination of events. On the one hand, the administration - the Dean of Women's Office to be precise - loosened its stiff-neck slightly and permitted women's closing hours to be extended during the ,week. * * * THIS WOULD have done a lot to restore our confidence in the Dean of Women's Office if that group hadn't turned right around, crawled back in its paternalistic hole and announced that bar- ring something near poverty, wo- men will not be permitted to have apartments next year. The University still seems to think that its students are of grade-school mentality and need complete, foolproof, all-weather protection. Some may; probably most don't. Harboring or students like so- many children when it should be assisting in developing a respon- sible character is no role for the University. With the exception of freshmen men and women and, perhaps, sophomore women, any student should have the choice of living in a residence hall, an affiliated house or independent housing. And to add insult to injury, Dean of Women Deborah Bacon, missed the point when she said that increased housing facilities and creation of upper class houses will lessen the desire to live in apartments. a, * * OVERLOOKED completely is the regimentation, the often poor food, the noise, the frequent lack of privacy, the administiation policies and the regulations, regu- lations, regulations. However, as well as being pa- ternalistic by nature, the admin- istration probably is worried just as much about how it is going to pay for all the empty rooms that could result in its hotels if semi-unrestricted apartment liv- ing was permitted. This year a slight decrease in enrollment resulting primarily from budget cuts has resulted in lessened pressure on the residence hall system. Apparently the ad- ministration sees huge empty dor- mitories and has pushed the panic button again. At any i'ate, the program for a vast expansion of its residence hall system on North Campus is called into question by these events. * * * THE LIBRARY music episode Is not quite as serious but still shows a lack of something-or- ather-probably thinking-on the part of University officials. For those who haven't heard ibout it, the Undergraduate Li- )rary plans to pipe music into the second floor on an experimental basis for six hours a week, begin- ning next semester. It would be a noble public serv- ice but somehow we just don't quite believe the library is the place for background music. As an aid to study, it would be appre- ciated; and certainly those who like to study to music would be overjoyed; but what about people --who have to use books on the second floor - who can't stand to study to music? It seems every time one looks up from his books this University is trying to do more for the poor, helpless student. One can only imagine what this "music to study by" plan could lead to in public services. Already the Undergrad- uate Library has a cute little snack bar. Now music. Next may come a cafeteria for students who can't take time out to go out to eat; then there will be a double-feature movie for a study break; and may- be someday back rubs for the tired student. Who knows where it all could lead? Taxi service between classes and students' houses; eventually even television sets in every stu- dent room so he can attend classes without going out into the nasty weather (he can't discuss things with the instructor, of course, but who cares?); catering service and then on to some pills, test tube babies, etc., etc., etc., etc. JUST INQUIRING .. .by Michael Kraft Fearful Women? ._. > .. . . ,. , . :; OR GRETA GARBO. Nobody believes her hen she says, "I vant to be alone," and seems to have trouble believing that no- believes her, t recent actions involving Michigan wo- should convince even the most publicity nscious actress that people are not to be alone, andsthat'"togetherness"is the er thing, especially among women. course this is nothing new or local. Sup- dly there's still a women's publication h even boasts that Mt's the magazine of therness" and radio announcers proclaim, lly on Sunday mornings, something to effect that if families do something to- ir, they'll continue doing it. E CARDINAL rule of social relationships hard to break, especially where women erded together in an area called the "Hill." h reminds visitors of four cattle cars on ilroad siding. ose who have spent more time on cam- can't fail to wonder if Michigan women t susceptible to habit. If a girl wants to certain movie and can't lure some male taking her, she seldom goes alone. Usual- e movie is missed, or seen only after tak- Editorial Staff ing the roommate, or better yet, the "whole gang" into trooping en mass down to State Street. And the troop movements are usually timed to avoid observation by the enemy who, in the battle of sexes, aren't supposed to know that the girls' every moment is booked up two weeks in advance. This "togetherness" permeates other activi- ties, with' girls even waiting for each other when they return to the Hill for dinner, go to classes in the morning or march down to the football stadium, as if it's a hard place to find on a Saturday morning. Those mob scenes every hour in the fishbowl are another example of togetherness, although perhaps for some- what different reasons. BUT ALL THIS has been going on for years. The opening of the Undergraduate Library and the recent approval of changes in women's hours only underscores the tendency. For even studying, which used to prompt visions of scholars pouring over their books, alone, or working out problems, alone, has deteriorated into a mass pastime of togetherness. The vision of the lonely scholar is replaced with the night- mare of trying to find a seat in the Under- graduate Library crowded with people study- ing together. And perhaps the trend, on other campuses too, of studying together is the cause of an- other trend, taking tests together - recent sur- veys indicate a rise in cheating on examina- tions. One of the rationale given for moving wo- men's hours to midnight is that they were being deprived of an extra hour and a half of library time. Perish the thought that home- work be polished off in solitude. ECONOMIC WARFARE: Finnish Collapse Result of Soviet Pressure By BARTON HUTHWAITE Daily Staff Writer RUSSIA'S economic trade noose finally throttled tiny Finland into submission Thursday. Ironically, today is the forty- first anniversary of Finnish inde- pendence from what was once a revolution-torn Russia. The Socialist-led coalition gov- ernment of Premeir Karl August Fagerholm toppled late Thursday, a victim of tremendous Soviet eco- nomic pressure and internal Com- munist-led political bickering. Almost from its formation on Aug. 29 the strongly anti-com- munist cabinet had incurred the displeasure of the Moscow govern- ment. At that time, an energetic Fagerholm banded together the six non-Communist Finnish parties and urged rapid economic develop- ment with exports directed away from Russia. Socialist Fagerhorn also began to wage an internal war against the steadily-increasing power of the Finnish Communist Party, * * * IN FINLAND'S last national election, the peasant and trade union supported Communists had captured 50 seats - nearly one- fourth-of the one-chamber par- foreign trade with Russia as an economic crutch. This crutch had its beginnings in the 1930's when Russia began their attacks against Finland. As a result, Finland was forced to cede to the Soviet Union more than a tenth of her territory and obligated to pay war reparations set at $300 million dollars at 1938 prices. BUT TINY Finland bore the brunt of her obligations and pro- ceeded to pay off her war debts. Foreign loans and stimulation of industrialization helped her up from the poverty of the World War years. Russia's present control of the Finnish economy stems from the Soviet's demand that the war reparation be payed off in loco- motives, ships and heavy ma- chinery. The sleeping West.in those post- war years didn't foresee Russia's two-fold aims in demanding such reparations. The Soviets could buold up her steadily-rising indus- trial strength and at the same time initiate a strong Finland- Russia trade program. The Soviets succeeded, in both her aims. * * * TO FULFILL Russia's demand for heavy industrial goods, a basi- cally agricultural Finland con- structed expensive and uneco- nomic plants to produce the needed equipment. A country only the size of Massa- chusetts, Finland managed to pro- diice the necessary $300 million dollars worth of goods and finally delivered the last of the war reparations in 1955. What is astonishing is the rapid revival of a weak Finnish economy without a penny of United States Marshall Plan Aid. When the last debt was settled in 1952, Russia followed up her economic objectives by cordially inviting Finland to continue her trade relations and agreements with her next door neighbor. Prior to World War II, Soviet- Finnish trade was a meager four per cent of ,all Finnish exports, Already oriented to Russia, Fin- land hesitatingly agreed to fill Soviet order for more machinery and industrial products, * * * FINLAND could not hope to compete with the western markets in the production of such goods and therefore was more willing to accept the Soviet's lucrative trade program. Russia didn't have an urgent need of Finland's heavy machinery but realized the potentialities in such an exchange. The West looked on approvingly at the Finns rapid industrializa- tion, oblivious to Finland's steadily mounting Russian dependence. Today, Finland would be thrown into economic chaos without the badly-needed Russian heavy ma- chinery orders. It is this fear that spelled the downfall of the government when RICHARD TAUB, Editor KRAFT JO Director HN WEICHER City Editor DAVID TARR Assocate Editor rOR .*,.,.. Personnel Director OUGHBY..,... Associate Editorial Director ;: >;. ::;