Sixty-Ninth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 "Fine-Now All We Need Is Some Candidates Named McKinley" Ten opinions Are Free Truth WIll Prevail" AT THE STATE: Barbarian, Geisha Odd Combination "HISTORY"according to Time magazine, "is what is remembered." "History," according to the National Review, "is written by the survivors." Bothquotations are aptly illustrated by "The Barbarian and the Geisha," John Huston's unparalleled adventure and love story cur- rently keeping ushers awake at the State Theatre. According to John Huston's memory, John Wayne went to Japan early in the nineteenth century, to represent the U.S. government, President Pierce, and Tugboat Diplomacy. Accompanying Wayne was Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1958 NIGHT EDITOR: JOAN KAATZ Russell's Space Utilization Report Puts Quantity Above Quality STATE EDUCATIONAL institutions were told this summer that they need to make more effective use of instructional facilities by John Dale Russell, director of the legislative study committee on higher education. The reasons for more effective use are obvious to a univer- sity community - enrollments are expected to mushroom in the next few years, yet lean legislative appropriations are in sight. On the whole, the suggestions the commit- tee made for improving space utilization were sound. More Saturday classes, more evening classes, and centralized classroom scheduling, to name just a few, are the best first step to- ward solving the enrollment problems. BUT INTERMITTENTLY throughout the re- port there was a rather ominous note. The note would probably be identified by Russell as "more value for the money" type thinking. /But the ominous note was this: Russell's "more value for the money" consistently favored quantity education. Dispensed with were sev- eral kinds of educational practices that have helped maintain educational quality. The report said one of the chief offenders against effective use of instructional space are highly specialized classes that must use special rooms. The wording in the report was spine- less, using such phrases as "again a question must be raised as to whether such specialized courses . . , produce values that correspond to the cost of providing and maintaining the necessary plant facilities." But in context, his meaning was clear: drastically reduce special- ized, special facility courses. This would chiefly eliminate several ad- vanced laboratory courses in both the literary and engineering colleges, but the advice, taken seriously, would eliminate other courses in many other University units, including courses in special education, architecture and design and natural resources. THIS WAS NOT all, as Russell also sug- gested that class sizes be expanded to fit their rooms. While this woul dobviously util- ize space more efficiently, evidence that larg- er classes would not injure the student was non-existent. Russell's report would have been a much bet- ter report if he had more adequately realized the distinction between providing better use of facilities with no sacrifice in educational quality - as his better suggestions provided' for, and providing for quantity at the sacrifice of quality. It is a distinction that should be recognized before Russell's report is taken as the basis for any change in state educational policy. -LANE VANDERSLICE his faithful servant Kato, played by Sam Jaffee, who spoke English and Japanese out of both sides of his mouth. The local Governor, a stern- faced fellow, was not too happy with Wayne, whom he considered something of a fop. But Wayne soon endeared himself to the Japanese by burning down a vil- lage to help wipe out a cholera epidemic brought in by sailors jumping ship from Admiral Per- ry's (how'd he get in this) frigate. MEANWHILE, back at the pa- goda, Wayne has fallen in with a Geisha who speeks good English, and acts as a running English subtitle for the Japanese dialog which is to come. Wayne is anxious to go talk with the Shogun, so that he can get a U.S.-Japanese treaty signed and go home to fight Indians. The local Governor is impressed at the forthright way Wayne burned down his village, and of- fers to take Wayne to meet the Shogun. Wayne hastily packs a bundle of gifts puts on his diplo- mat costume, and leads a parade of cholera-free villagers off to the Shogun's palace. But things are not so rosy there, for in the Shogun's Council are several very unreasonable noble- men who do not want any treaty with the foreign devils. The grand and exalted lord of the Japanese IFC is certain that his ancestors would want no such treaty. The high imperial keeper of the Menu at the Japanese Union does not want Yankee bacteriologists snooping in his pots. After 'ifew petty intrigues which come to nothing, the treaty is signed, the Geisha goes away because of some incomprehensible r e a s on, and Wayne returns to the United States in triumph. IT MUST be admitted that this film is, in spite of appearances, very symbolic. It is, for instance, symbolic of the success films about Japan have in this coun- try, symbolic of the success of cinemascope, symbolic of the pop- ularity of John Wayne, symbolic of the Hollywood state of mind which imagines that they can put all of these symbols together and come up with something of value. -David Kessel INTERPRETING: Gaullists Giv en Edge* By J. M. ROBERTS Associated Press News Analyst F RANCE'S NEW parliamentary election system, putting the emphasis on the individual candi- date and eliminating proportional representation for party lists, is being widelyhailed because it.will cut a lot of ground from under the Communists. Political philosophers, however, already alert to the inherent dan- ger of strong man rule under the new constitution, cannot help but wonder about the future when a cabinet alone controls the election machinery. France has become a muddled and indecisive political entity un- der the proportional system during the past 22 years. The proportional system tended to take direct con- trol of Parliament members from the voters and give it to party leaders. Since indecisiveness had pro- duced so many ills, the new system has been generally welcomed as contributing to the stability for which the new constitution is de- signed. But it combines with the new pconstitutionalweighting of 'politi- cal power in favor of the executive as against Parliament. The immediate profit of cutting Communist power in Parliament is expected to result in this fashion: Heretofore, if the Reds got 25 per cent of the votes they got 25 per cent o; the seats. Now they will have to actually win in a.dis- trict to get a seat. Where there are several candidates, also-rans in the first voting are expected to coalesce against the Communists. The whole set-up is expected to give the Gaullists a great edge. Since the vote for the de Gaulle constitution was so heavy, this is presumed to be what France wants. The whole business is designed to give de Gaulle the power to go ahead with his stabilization pro- gram. Library Hours Restoration Welcome' .-7q}r.s:i: n' ...A { :.} . - n...:.:. .1 .."vs.. "". . '~~.vc:wsS~ .. .Y" :+%:;:.>"N.::". Arr. ': A. ....... >?.....W.}.fl':t'..t?. r;v ..U"f. . ... '..r .:S 'i?2" 9::::.... ' .vr x "%vr«, , SECOND THOUGHTS ... By John Weicher Standards: Relative Absolute .: "..t...W. " '..... :{.} . . . . "rr s:: r^."'r:""."TMY"."g rr? ): ai :. .r r.;",":A:"2. s.."::::: A:::x.. ...2-;; N +n RESTORATION of last semester's hours at the Undergraduate Library stands as a per- fect example of democracy in action on a Uni- versity scale. The relationship between students, faculty and administration rarely before has been so beautifully effected. The action, interaction and reaction went something like this. Undergraduate students returning to campus for the fall term showed immediate concern when they learned of tl*e reduction in library hours, THERE WAS a good deal of talk with every- one making the same point if the main purpose of a university is to promote learn- ing, then the University should make it easi- er, not harder, to do so. Eventually, however, students reconciled themselves to the conclusion that complete restoration of hours would be all but impos- sible. The budget cut incurred by the Univer- sity at the hands of state legislators was thought to be particularly severe on the li- brary. But there was still something which could be done. The Health, Education and Welfare committee of the Student Government Coun- cil, representing student sentiment and head- ed by Ron Gregg, mapped out several plans for closing the library at non-critical hours so that it could be opened until 12 midnight. BUT UNDERGRADUATES were not the only ones who showed concern, The Graduate School Council sent two delegates to library, officials to voice their recommendations. In- dividual members of the law and medical schools took it upon themselves to state their feelings to the library directors. Library and administrative officials went to work. Student opinion was louder and stronger than they had anticipated and coAXd, not be ignored. After several weeks of constant effort, some- thing was done -- or rather everything. Sur- passing the wildest hopes of students, last semester's hours were restored completely. It is difficult to credit one particular indi- vidual or group which is why this is so fine an example of democratic action. Students, faculty and administration in cooperation pro- duced the deed. The deed is well-done. -JUDITH DONER CURRENTLY, colleges and uni- versities across the country are girding themselves to meet a huge crop of' "war babies" who will be seeking admission in the next two, three or four years. Admissions policies are getting increasingly selective, with higher and higher standards being set automatically each year as more high school graduates seek rela- tively fewer places. Colleges alter- nately boast about their r~ighter freshman classes and bewail the number of qualified students who are unable to attend college be- cause of lack of space. PART OF THIS picture, at least, should be cheering. Highly selec- tive freshman classes are some- thing any college can be proud of. The image of intensely competitive groups of students enrolling on a campus each year should give pro- fessors and administrators great joy. However, there's another side to the story-a side that was brought out in an article on Harvard in Harper's Magazine. About one-half of this year's freshman class at Harvard came from private prep- aratory schools, the article states. Further, more officials expect this percentage to grow larger if public high school standards continue'to decline. In other words, Harvard is find- ing fewer and fewer public high school graduates who are qualified to enter, at least relative to the number of private schools. Since no appreciable increase in private school standards has been noted recently, it may be assumed that public school standards are de- clining in an absolute sense-at least in the eyes of Harvard. This puts the problem of stand- ards and selectivity in a different light. Colleges may be taking fewer numbers of those who apply, but if those who apply are less well prepared than those who applied ten or twenty years ago, there, is no real gain in student caliber. There may even be a decline. * * * THE ISSUE of college prepara- tion and standards was' dramati- cally raised just about a year ago, when the Russians launched their first Sputnik. Large numbers of people who never were concerned about education before immediate- ly assumed something was wrong in American education, and ad- vanced all sorts df proposals to repair it.' Many of these proposals, how- ever, concerned themselves chiefly with getting greater numbers of engineers and scientists trained, without regard to the standard of training. Others urged getting more qualified people into the colleges. Any reparation, though, must come from the bottom up, given our system of education. Unless colleges want to set extremely stringent standards and stick to them, with a resulting loss of stu- dents, better education has to be- gin in kindergarten and the pri- mary grades, work up with the, student. This. is possible-many groups are attempting to promote interest in the elemtnary schools, seeking better, more interested teachers. Recognizing the weaknesses, they are ready to start at the founda- tion, preparing gradually to raise standards in an absolute sense, a grade or two at a time. But until this is accomplished, colleges which speak in terms of raising standards by a process of taking smaller percentages of applicants are only tending to the detriment of higher education in the long run. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: Tight Generation' Loosens Pen TODAY AND TOMORROW: The Golden Bridge By WALTER LIPPMANN To the Editor: THE CAUSE of the "tight gen- eration" mentioned in a column last week is worth far more than just the casual inquiry of last week. At first glance fear is an easy point to put your finger on and to hold responsible for our generation's silence. Such men as Joe M. are obvious targets for blame. As menacing as he was, however, he never had the power to cast such a shadow of fear. Nor are .all the censorships and ideas that he represents' strong enough to close really thinking minds. The silence, is too com- plete; there is no electric under- current of suppressed thought. When looked squarely in the face, truth is more frightening than. fear itself; what seals many lips is not fear but apathy. If ques- tioned about politics, art, science and the 1001 other things poll- sters pry into, John Q. Public shows a terrifying lack of thought. Not that people are frightened of the consequences of thinking' and opinions, but that they simply don't have any. In this age of the tranquilizer and the couch we pay more atten- tion to a football game than to a ACCORDING to Gen. Laurence Kuter, speak- ing in an interview at Tokyo where he is Air Commander in the Pacific, the reason why Peiping has instituted a seven-day cease-fire is "failure of the announced and boasted Chinese Communist intent to take the offshore islands." This is not a convincing contribution to a dif- ficult situation, and the General, if he feels that it is proper for Generals to make political Statements, should at least not count the chickens until some of them are hatched. For if it is true that the Red Chinese have failed at Quemoy, why did they put a time limit of seven days on the cease-fire? The time limit implies that they may renew bombardment at the end of the seven days, and are we to sup- pose that this is a bluff, that they cannot re- new the bombardment? Conceivably it may be a bluff and if it is, they are, considering Chiang's attitude, taking an enormous risk of having their bluff called. It seems unlikely that this is the explanation. If the Chinese Communists are unable to renew the bombardment, it would have been so easy and so much less risky for them to have ac- cepted the Dulles proposal for an unlimited cease-fire to be followed by a withdrawal of Nationalist troops. THERE ARE two o~er important reasons why Gen. Kuter would have done well to Editorial Staff RICHARD TAUB, Editor MICHAEL KRAFT JOHN WEIHER Editorial Director City Editor DAVID TARR Associate Editor DALE CANTOR,................... .Personnel Director JEAN WILLOUGHBY...... Associate Editorial Director BEATA JORGENSON...........Associate City Editor ELIZABETH ERSKINE. ...Associate Personnel Director ALAN JONES ,.... ... .... . .... ......... Sports Editor CARL RISEMAN.. ... Associate Sports Editor SI COLEMAN ............ ..Associate Sports Editor DAVID ARNOLD..................Chief Photographer Rn-mootCf. refrain from claiming victory. The first is that with the strategic limitations at Quemoy- Chiang being unable to take the offensive- there can be no such thing as a victory. There can be a pause to bring up ammunition and guns. The bombardment can be renewed when- ever the Communists are ready, and there is nothing that Chiang can do about it. The local initiative, provided they do not invade but only bombard Quemoy, is with the Communists. The other reason why Gen. Kuter was talking out of turn is that he has made it more dif- ficult for this government to do what it is trying to do in the offshore islands. What the government is trying to do is to obtain a cease- fire after which, our being no longer at the point of a gun, we can bring about a disen- gagement at Quemoy. Our own position is that we will not make our concession while there is shooting. We should not overlook the fact that Peiping will not wish to make the concession expected if'it is to be proclaimed as a defeat. It will be the part of wisdom on both sides to remember "be not rash; a golden bridge is for a flying enemy." 4 THE IMMEDIATE practical question is what , is to happen at the end of the seven-day cease-fire. In trying to answer this question we can, to the best of my knowledge, define the present position as follows. We have asked for a general and unlimited cease-fire to be fol- lowed by disengagement in the offshore islands. Peiping has replied by instituting a limited cease-fire combined with a proposal for direct negotiations with Chiang about withdrawal from those islands. Along with this and, so to speak, parallel with this, there' is reason to believe that Peiping does not regard the For- mosa question as immediate and urgent, and that there is not' now or in the immediate future a Formosa crisis. Presumably, theft, the answer to the question of whether the cease-fire is to continue at the end of the seven days is that it will probably continue if somehow - perhaps at Warsaw, n-.sn frm, na m xaraia ao ha T ~iw SGC IN REVIEW: Council Moves To Avoid Another 'Curious' Election By THOMAS TURNER Daily Staff Writer LAST MARCH and April there was quite a stink raised about all-campus voting. Ballots were thrown out in three elections, including Student Government Council, on the grounds they were "stuffed" into ballot boxes. Several poll-tenders reported witnessing such stuffing. One said that when he arrived at his en- gine-arch post, the two persons manning it before him were in- serting votes for an unsuccessful candidate for literary school presi- dent. They continued to slip in extra ballots while he was working, the student said. DURING count night 15 to 30 ballots marked for one of the present SGC members were found marked only with a one for the candidate, were folded together and punched only once. Other count night officials reported find- ing whole books of ballots still fastened together. Four-hundred twenty ballots for the Board in Control of Student Publications were declared invalid, since up to 50 with consecutive numbers were marked for the same candidates. Consecutive ballots were also he didn't want to vote in the Board of Intercollegiate Athletics, a vote was cast for him. STILL ANOTHER student re- ported a poll-tender had urged every voter to "Vote for . .. Put a 'one' right here in this spot." And the next day the beleag- uered elections director admitted the master list of which ballots went to which polls had disap- peared. "Irdon't want to say it's been stolen but we didn't lose it," he said. So it was hardly surprising that people were pretty upset about the elections. A defeated candidate told the new Council he planned to ask Joint Judiciary Council either to hold a new election or investigate all ballots. This was not done, but SGC did set up a Credentials Committee to enforce election rules. The group was empowered to enforce rules and recommend dis- qualificatilon of candidates vio- lating them. * * * NOW THE COUNCIL has in its hands the new elections rules drawn up by Dick Erbe, this year's elections director. And next week they'll be discussed in terms, pre- sumably, of ability to prevent an- other disgraeefule lectinn. in other respects also. By having, for example, the Diagonal poll bundle of gifts, puts on his diplo- Undergraduate Library stay open until 10:15 the number of workers needed can be cut further still without substantially reducing the opportunity to vote. So. it looks like important measures have been proposed which would reduce the possibility a fraud due to sloppiness. But as Erbe points out, all the trouble last Spring wasn't due to under- staffing. It will be important that these plans be augmented, however, by strict lists of poll-workers and hours worked. Frequent inspec- tions by the elections committee and swift disqualification in case of rule violation would substan- tially reduce trouble also. And a good, clean election would be a major step in building respect for SGC on campus. crisis on a small island named Formosa. It's understandable per- haps. Football is nearer to us and we are more interested in what touches us for the moment. As for the confusing future and the com- plicated present, let someone else think about them. So we let a legislature cut the funds for a library without a squawk until our study hours are cut, or let a medie- val law stand in a state without noticing it until a Negro is in dane- ger of/ dying for theft of $1.95. It is easy to see and remove the cause of fear; but who or what is to blame for apathy and once known, how can it be wiped out? Unless we find this out, the "tight genera- tion" will have to someday face the sure and heavy penalties of the crime of apathy. -SusanSteinberg Defacement .. To the Editor: I READ your report of the de- facing of the Undergradyate Library with shock and incompre- hension It is tragic to see any beautiful thing destroyed, but the destruction of schools, libraries and books falls into a special cate- gory of wantoness just below the desecration of churches. It seems hard for me to believe that just over a hundred years ago Abraham Lincoln walked four miles after a hard day's work to borrow a poor .book. I wants very much to believe that my America still treasures books, learning and schools. I must admit, however, that those who bomb schools, de- face libraries and steal books cast doubt upon and jeopardize the faith of many of their fellow Americans. T-Prof. Stephen Tonsor History Department DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN The Daily Official Bulletin is an Senimore Says . . r .... . .m.. . .........