midrigan aiI Sixty-Ninth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 hen Opinions Are Free Trutb Will Prevail" Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This mrust be noted in all reprints. )AY, OCTOBER 5,1958 NIGHT EDITOR: ROBERT JUNKER Supreme Court Decisions Within Consistent Set of Values 'THE PROCLAMATION by the Supreme Court in the Little Rock decision far transcends in scope and relevancy the issues in hat case. It is the most far-reaching and levasting blow ever to bludgeon the reserved >owers of the states of', this union. It is de- signed to reduce the states to the status of mere puppets slavishly manacled to the socio- ogical and personal predilections of a judicial >ligarchy negating the fundamental concept f a government of law and not men. It tears he battered remnant of the Tenth Amendment ut of the Constitution and hurls it into the ace of a shocked and beleagured people." -J. Lindsay Almond, Governor of Virginia I S EXCERPT from Governor Almond's statement on Monday's Supreme Court pinion (the statement continues in the same vein) contains a great deal of nonsense-legally, >olitically and generally-a great deal of exag- eration, land a great deal of demagogy; but it aso expresses angaccute problem: should the will of a majority of state's population be hwarted by a set of principles, irregardless of he loftiness of those principles? To answer that question, a fine, but basic, istinction must be made between two terms requently used as synonyms. The two terms re "liberty" and "democracy." Liberty, according to Webster's International )ictionary, is "The sum of the rights and im- nunities of all the citizens of an organized civil ommunity concurrent with all the guaranteed rotection against interference with such rights nd priviliges." The key words in this definition are "the guaranteed protection against interference with such rights." In other words, liberty is con- cerned with the rights of the people as in-. dividuals. Webster's defines democracy as the "principle or system of government by the people." This means that democracy is concerned with the rights of the people as a group. THE FAUBUS'S, Almond's, and other severe critics have claimed that the Supreme Court, again to quote Governor Almond, "under- takes to rob the people of the exercise of their right' of freedom of choice and association." Essentially this is correct; however, it is not because of, as Governor Almond claims, "the sociological and personal predilictions of a judicial oligarchy," but rather it was because of a basic principle which has been a constant Supreme Court trend. WHENEVER THE COURT has been forced to choose between what apparently were the rights of individuals and the "choice" of the people as a whole, it has pretty consistently guarded individual liberties. The Supreme Court has said repeatedly that liberty is a higher virtue than democracy. This point is obviously a decision of basic political nature, but within the framework of this set of values, the Court has acted remarkably con- sistently and; fairly. If one is to criticize the recent Court decisions one should criticize the' basic and traditional Court philosophy, not the Court's present membership. -James Seder -Daily-David Arnold all's DebtableVles 'Go TeamJ Go By AL JONES Daily Sports Editor 4THLETICS are accepted, en- joyed and participated in by almost every American at some time in his or her life. In fact, professional athletics-- representing the ultimate in- the field-have become a method of earning a living that is respected in our society. The fact that physi- cal education classes are required in state supported schools for stu- dents of both sexes shows the gen- eral acceptance of athletics as a part of American social structure. However, there are still many people that question the right and the -worth of athletics on the college campuses of the country. These people claim that the pur- poses of a college are solely educa- tion and the business of training one for a career. This is certainly, true--colleges are to educate and to train stu- dents-but athletics in no way effect this process. In fact, in many ways they aid it. THE SCHOLARSHIPS that are given to athletes provide the means for many boys to reach in- stitutions 'of higher education that otherwise wouldn't get there. The important fact to remember is that these boys are students just like everyone else. They have to meet the same entrance require- Ments, and pass the same class standards as all other students. At least this is the case at Michigan-- if not at all schools. :PRINTED: S igma Kappa ,'Natioonal HE NATIONAL Organization of Sigma Kappa sorority has denied readmission to its one- e Cornell chapter, suspended for pledging egro.j he action of the national sorority, in re- ng to accept a chapter which has dis- ruished itself on this campus both in aca- ilc and extracurricular affairs, can do ling but confirm in the minds of all the raceful record which the organization has de for itself since the beginning of the le affair, over two years ago. Ve do not know on what basis Chi Gamma, nigh its chapter alumnae, asked to be re- litted-whether it asked the national to ;e a non-discriminatory clause into its con- ition, or whether it would have rejoined any basis, or if it desired some condition' :etween the two extremes. In,view of the , however, that Chi Gamma has been wn more than once that national Sigma pa is an obstinate bunch, it can be fairly imed that Chi Gamma did not try to force clause into the constitution;, CAN ALSO be surmised that the national ade heavy demands upon the chapter, that jt asked Chi Gamma for firm promises that,' if it were readmitted, it would never again break the unwritten taboo and admit another Negro. This the alumnae representing the suspended chapter apparently refused to promise. And as a result, the chapter's applica- tion was turned down, "for the welfare of na- tional Sigma Kappa." The actions of the national have been made all the worse because it has shown itself to be unwilling to cooperate with the chapter here in helping it work out its future status. All decisions of the national have either been with- held from the chapter altogether, or trans- mitted in vague, meaningless phrases. The na- tional has never let the chapter know formally why it was suspended; it has never let the chapter know on what grounds it would be re- admitted. It is more evident than ever now that Sigma Kappa cares not for the welfare of the thou- sands of undergraduate women who belong to it on campuses -across the country, but only for the discredited dicta of discrimination. -Cornell Daily Sun AT FOOTBALL GAMES: Old Grads Compensate, For Silent Generation OFFEE... BLACK Those L By Richard Taub .brary Hours fHE NEW UNDERGRADUATE Library sched- ule has served at least one valuable purpose; has shown those who didn't believe it before, at students are concerned about the quality their education. While campus discussion on the curtailed hedule has not yet reached the proportions does for the football games, one does not ve to go very far to hear student complaints out the new program. Closing the library disturbed students in the y that taking a new toy from a child bothers m. He may never have had the toy before, t now that he does, deprivation really hurts. tainly, one might argue that the extended rary hours were only introduced last semes- and their withdrawal should not be dis- bing, but once students have found a good .ce to study late into the evening, they are t so eager to give it up.' ND THE UNDERGRADUATE Library is not just a mere study hall. According to official orts book use in University libraries soared en students had the opportunity to study ere books were easily accessible. :t seems utterly incomprehensible that just en students in a great University begin to dy more and read more books, this privilege aken from them.. ['he library hours on the weekend heighten absurdity of the situation. Education is not our and one half day week affair-frequently does not stop Friday afternoon. One large blem at the University is that this "short rk week" attitude is fairly prevalent. But it This is not to be construed as criticism of the University libraries alone. The blame rests more heavily with the state legislature and some responsibility for the action does lie with the student body. THAT THE STATE legislature gave the Uni- versity considerably less money than was requested is not news. But there is always some legitimate feeling that perhaps the University has been crying wolf and it does not really need the money so badly after all. Cuts are usually reflected in some not very tangible manner: Larger classes perhaps, fewer top professors, or fewer counselors. But in the library situation, students can immediately feel the pinch. Many state legislators have often voiced the criticism that students do not have enough "seriousness of purpose." Few, If any, have ever bothered to come around to check for them- selves-they prefer to attend the football games. But some responsibility does lie with the student body. In just one semester, about one per cent of the Undergraduate library collection was lost, and over the summer months the loss rate in the General library climbed as well. A large percentage of these books had to be stolen-and given the careful checks at the. door, stolen with some thought. If the library chooses to spend its limited funds to replenish the book supply, money must be taken that would normally be used to pay personnel-and hence, reduced hours. IVEREVER the fault lies, one thing is quite By RALPH LANGER Daily Staff Writer A HANDFUL of old grads often- times make more noise, are more emotionally involved in, and have more fun at a college foot- ball game than thousands of stu- dents. This unusual phenomenon really isn't so strange. Psychological identification is visible in one of its clearest manifestations when the former student relives the "good old days" through his school's football team. The fact that the old days prob- ably. weren't much better than the nbew ones is irrelevant. In addition, great quantities of emotional steam can be released harmlessly by sitting in the familiar old sta- dium with the familiar old colors and the familiar old songs. Yell-.' ing for Podunk U's football team is considerably more socially ac- ceptable than betting the wife. * * * WHY CAN GRADS work up more enthusiasm at a football game than students? Certainly travel- ing many miles by car on the crowded highways or packed into a bus with several dozen other fans leaves less energy for cheering the team than retained by the lot of several thousand students who merely have to wend their way in- to the 'stadium from probably no more than a mile. Tradition is important. Grads like to feel they are .a part of the tradition of their alma mater .... even if they recall little or no tra- dition from their undergraduate days. Gone are the memories of studying late.into the night, final exams, scrimping .on a limited budget and all of the other less colorful days of collegiate life. Foremost in the memories of yesteryear are games, rallies, par- ties and all of the other more de- lightful aspects of undergraduate- ism. Fortunate is the grad who, re- turning to the office Monday morning, can say "MY college won, how about that?" He, personally has scored a victory. Life, which is not overly stocked with victories, seems brighter as a result. THE QUESTION of undergrad spirit remains shrouded in the mist that surrounds that old buga- boo of student apathy. The ivy- league buckled senior, even at state universities, considers a demon- stration of outright emotion at athletic. events as strictly some- thing for freshmen. Freshmen, of course, don't want to b~ e eognized by the time four years are over the inhibitions are inigrained into the very fiber of his belt-in-the-back routine. Yet next year or five years later, upon returning to his Alma Mater, older and supposedly wiser, this same conservative ex-student screams his head off, beats the heads of those in the immediate vicinity with his program (some- thing he never even bothered to buy in the old undergrad days) and returns with gusto to his recol- lection of what college was or what he would have liked it to be. No longer must he suppress his urge to give vent to his emotions and vocally help HIS team. And he probably even knows the words to the "Yellow and Blue" by now, an accomplishment few under- grads can claim. * * * THE ALUMNI who, return to watch and cheer at football games are a tremendous asset. They should be encouraged, and are by several University agencies. The University Public Relations de- partment promotes numerous trips and outings for student organiza- tions who display their asundry talents before alumni groups throughout the state and nation,a thereby keeping the "tie that binds" in good repair. This undoubtedly accounts for much of the increase in emotional response to the educational insti- tution that granted the diploma. The Glee Club and Marching Band are two examples of University groups of which alumni are justly proud tc exhibit as coming from "their school." And it's a good thing the alum- ni do attend games, one hundred. thousand and one members of the "silent q generation" massed in a stadium is a terrifying thought. Athletics have often been criti- cized for bringing boys to school who are" not on a level with the other students. This is an im- possibility at Michigan, since the same entrance requirements are demanded of all. These same criticisms continue because the athletes are in class under scholarships and receive special tutoring. The complaint here is that these students are in general no more in need of these privileges than the other students. TRUE, but the area that needs improvement, then, is the non- athletic rather than the athletic. It is to the ad