;; Convoy 0 4r mlrhigau Daily Sixty-Ninth Year a __EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN "When Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Truth Will Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.I WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1958 NIGHT EDITOR: LANE VANDERSLICE SUPREME COURT DECISION Integration Delays Made More Difficult By FRED STEINGOLD, '60L A NEW PHRASE has entered the language of school integration. I is: "evasive scheme." In construing previous integration decisions as prohibiting "evasive schemes 'for segregation," the Supreme Court of- fered revealing insight into its general attitude toward legalistic delay- ing tactics. The strongly-worded opinion read Monday by Chief Justice Earl Warren says that "the constitutional right of children not to be dis- criminated against in'school admission on grounds of race or color can neither be nullified openly and dirbctly by state legislators or state executive or judicial officers, nor nullified through evasive schemes for '4 Sorority Issue Calls For Ethical Action WHEN, two years ago, SGC voted Sigma individuals" is-perhaps justifiable, yet in this Kappa in violation of a university regula- instance the girls are not acting as free indi- tion, the general and perhaps justifiable cam- viduals but as a group. This group has broken pus feeling was that a nice, innocent group of a University rule. Without enforcement, rules girls was being punished for the actions of a and regulations in all cases become meaning- larger organization over which they had little less. control - namely the national fraternity to N HONEST, careful examination of the un- ANhHcEhTtheyfuweremnaffiliated.un- which they were affiliated.- embellished facts, free from personal, poli- This national organization held the financial tical or emotional complications, can logically reins of the local group and it was the action result only in a negative vote when the issue of this larger group that got the Michigan is brought before SGC. Unfortunately, how- chapter into trouble. That the rules of the ever, such freedom is difficult to obtain in any University had been violated was clear, yet in situation and is especially rare in a governing hopes that the local chapter need not be pun- body set up as SGC is on this campus. Ex- ished for this violation, two years were given officio members of the council are all too often to them to determine their position. The un- in doubt as to the real nature of their repre- derstanding generally was that Sigma Kappa, sentative powers: should they represent the #eting in good faith, would either de-activate majority opinion of their respective organiza- from the national group during this period, or tions, for instance, or should they assume the would demand such action from national Sig- added responsibility of individual judgment? ma Kappa as to guarantee the non-existence Elected members, facing the same problem of racial or religious discrimination within the with their constituents, ordinarily take the organization as a corporate body. first position, i.e., the easiest course of action Solution of the problem was largely left up and the one guaranteed to bring them enough to the local group: Whereas the fault had ori- votes to keep them in office for the longest ginally been that of the national organization, possible time. correction of this fault was the responsibility of In the long run, however, there is a great the Alpha Mu chapter. deal more prestige involved in an affirmation Now the two years has passed. The situation of personal integrity than in an act of sacri- as it stands is essentially the same as it was fice to popular opinion. Although it may seem in February, 1957. The only thing the local like the dream of an adolescent idealist, there Sigma. Kappa's have accomplished in the time is no real reason why a college governing body allotted to them is the extraction of an am- should not be an organization capable of act- biguous statement from the national organiza- ing entirely ethically - free from pressuring, tion that "National Sigma Kappa shall abide politicking and railroading. The more frequent by the University or college rules and regula- these latter practices are, the less prestige the tions now governing the respective campuses governing body must have in the students' on which it has a chapter." eyes. Consequently, the position of the popu- Presumably, just such a promise was at the larity seekers ultimately becomes as ridiculous basis of SGC's recognition of the Alpha Mu as it is unethical. chapter of Sigma Kappa in 1955. The current There are many indications that a lack of statement from national is meaningless inso- respect for SGC is growing on campus and far as it does not in the least exclude a repeti- has increased in the last few years. This is evi- tion of the sorority's previous action. Sigma denced by the poor turnout at the bi-annual Kappa national was trusted by the Univer- elections and the simple comment "Mickey sity in 1955 and later acted in bad faith. There Mouse" whenever the Council's name is is no concrete reasdn to believe that the same brought up in polite conversation. It might be thing could not happen again. pointed out to SGC members - especially to It seems clear then that Sigma Kappa is the elected ones - that by looking for short- still in violation of University regulations and run advantages, they are not only destroying also that, by failing to obtain a suitable state- themselves and their own council but are mak- ment from national and thus not fulfilling ing meaningless the assumptions of honesty their proper responsibility in this matter, the and intelligence upon which all democracies, local chapter of Sigma Kappa has shouldered at any level, are based. a great part of the guilt that originally be- In the final analysis, nevertheless, the ques- longed to the national organization alone and tion should be neither one of personal popu- thus more clearly deserves to be punished by larity nor one of preserving student govern- the University. ment prestige. It is a matter of abstract prin- An "ad hominem" argument to the above ciple; a right action justifies itself. Is meaningless although at present almost uni- --JEAN WILLOUGHBY versally accepted. To pity the "fine, upstanding Associate Editorial Director Band Day: 24,000 Armed Bandit POLITICAL AND OTHERWISE ... By ]David Tarr Sigma Kappa's 'Proo xi. }..:.aW ag ii~aiiss# s!~M 1iieis~iIE sim sssi#isli iss& ~ ssitttiiiiei25H~ astasss#sts# WHEN national Sigma Kappa committed a decidedly dis- criminatory act two years ago against chapters at two Eastern schools, it was difficult for some people to .understand how the local chapter here could become involved. Even today some people cannot understand why the local group may have to leave campus because of what happened at two schools hundreds of miles away. But Stu- dent Government Council clearly I saw that the monolithic nature of any national sorority made the local Sigma Kappa as guilty of a discriminatory act as its national council. AS A RESULT the Council de- cisively voted 12-5 in December, 1956, that the local Sigma Kappa chapter was in violation of a Uni- versity regulation. Since it was the national that put the local group in an unten- able position, it was the national and only the national that could extricate the chapter. Has the national done this? This is the only issue SGC members must consider. Since there has been no substan- tial proof, such as reinstatement of the chapters at the eastern schools, that Sigma Kappa soror- ity does not discriminate, SGC must decide if there has been a change in attitude among the national officers of the sorority in the two years since the dis- criminatory act took place. THE COUNCIL has only a single item on which to decide if the national has changed its attitude and is now acting in good faith: a short letter from SK national secretary-treasurer Margaret Tag- gart, sent to Vice-President for Student Affairs James Lewis this summer and read to the Council last week. It is a masterpiece of ambiguity. There is no clear indication the national has changed its attitude, has begun to act in good faith, will not discriminate in the future or has any sincere concern for Uni- versity regulations or even the local chapter. The question of attitude of the national can perhaps be judged by the fact that the letter was signed, and indeed probably written by Mrs. Taggart, who held the same post of secretary-treasurer when the original discriminatory act was committed two years ago. It is well known, as most any afiliate will acknowledge, that in any sorority or fraternity the national secretary-treasurer that holds the real controlling power and can usually determine policy and prac- tice by himself. Mrs. Taggart was re-elected to her post at Sigma Kappa's national convention last summer. ume. * * * IT IS PROBABLE that the na- tional directed by Mrs. Taggart hopes and expects that the ambig- uous letter will be sufficient to sway a weary and discouraged Council, burdened and perhaps frightened by an unpopular issue. This observer hopes, but rather doubts, that Council members will vote only as each sees the ade- quacy of the letter as proving that national Sigma Kappa does not and will not discriminate. Because it is such an innocuous letter and could easily leave many Council members confused as to its meaning, it is hoped they will not allow their opinions on the issue to be neutralized and cast their votes simply in line with each one's general orientation to- ward affiliated or independent liv- ing. segregation whether attempted in- geniously or ingenuously." That sweeping language will un- doubtedly have devastating effects on Southern plans to thwart the court by legal technicalities. Fed- eral district court judges who must handle the bulk of litigation will now have to follow a firm policy in regard to integration or face almost certain reversal when the cases go up to the Supreme Court on appeal. Theoretically speaking. all that the court said about evasive schemes was not necessary to a ruling on the facts in the Little Rock case and therefore is not binding on either district courts or the Supreme Court itself in the consideration of other cases. From a realistic standpoint however, the court's words will have the effect of precedence in all future inte- gration controversies. THE COURT obviously had Lit- tle Rock's school-leasing plan in mind when it drafted the opinion and therefore used language which would encompass "schemes" of that sort. The leasing plan was perhaps the soundest and most feasible which the South had at its disposal but it does have a few more legal maneuvers up its sleeve. Will these other plans come within the broad language of the court? Of course, test cases will be necessary to find this out but al- most every alternative plan for running segregated schools which has been suggested to date seems doomed. Take for example the tuition grant plan authorized by several states. Under this set-up, the state makes payments to parents who withdraw their children from de- segregated public schools and send them to private institutions. This clearly seems to come into conflict with the cout's pro- nouncement that "state support of segregated schools through any arrangement, funds or property cannot be squared with the 14th amendment's command that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." Then there are referendum statutes such as the one in Texas which forbids integration of any school unless the voters of that community have approved the move in a special vote. This type of measure stands little chance of being upheld in the light of the recent opinion. * * * PUPIL PLACEMENT plans which authorize placement of stu- dents according to certain factors are also likely to fall. The Arling- ton, Virginia school board applies five criteria in assigning pupils to schools: geography, academic achievement, school overcrowding, psychological stability and adapt- ability to new environments. The 30 Negroes who applied for ad- mission to Arlington's white schools last month were submitted to those tests and none were found to meet the standard. Delays in integrating schools will now have to be based on factors other than state laws or popular hostility. School boards seeking a delay will have to con- vince the district courts that time is required and that they are pro- ceeding in good faith and in accordance with the Supreme Court's most recent ruling. "In such circumstances," the Supreme Court said Monday, "the (district) court should scrutinize the pro- gram of the school authorities to make sure that they had developed arrangements pointed toward the earliest practicable completion of desegregation." Education IT IS A wholesome thingthat Americans, stung in their pride by the Sputniks, are taking a close and worried look at their educa- tional theories. But it is unfortu- nate, indeed tragic, that the re- appraisal should be coupled with uncriticized eulogy of rock-ribbed totalitarian education in Com- munist Russia. In our mood of self-denigration, we tend to credit the Soviets with pedagogical won- ders surpassing the Kremlin's own claims. We accept Soviet statistics at face value. We draw the picture without perspective. Take the assertion, so widely believed, that the Soviet Union has more engineers and scientists than the United States. In Russian usage the word "engineer" often covers people whom we would de- scribe as technicians or skilled mechanics. Also, most of those classed in Soviet records as "work- ers in science" have no more.than a secondary education, but abroad that phrase is frequently trans- lated as "scientists." The truth is that Soviet education, technology and science included, has not yet reached American levels either in quality or quantity. -National Review DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN The Daily Official Bulletin Is an official publication of the Univer- sity of Michigan for which The Michigan Dailynassumes no edi- torial responsibility. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3519 Administration Build- ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding publication. Notices for Sunday Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday. WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1958 VOL. LXIX, NO .13 General Notices Flint Junior College Transfer Stu- dents are invited to an open house from 3:00 to 5:00 p.m. Wed., Oct. 1, on the terrace of the Ball Room, second floor of the Michigan Union. If you have ever attended Flint Junior Col- lege you are cordially invited. Refresh- ments will be served. Regents Meeting: Oct. 24, 1958. Com- munications for consideration at this meeting must be in the President's hands not later than Oct. 14. Flu Shots for students, faculty and employees will be given Thurs., Oct. 2, from 8:00-11:45 a.m. and 1:00-4:45 p.m. in Rm. 58 (basement), Health Service. The vaccine to be used is the polyva- lent type. Go directly to the basement to fill out forms, pay fee ($1.00) and receive injection. 45 Minute Extended Event: The Choral Union Series concert on Wed. Oct. 1, is a 45 minute extended event for all women students. International Center Tea: Thurs., Oct. 2, 4-6 p.m. at the International . Center. Student Government Council, Uni. versity of Michigan, October 1, 1958, Union Ballroom, 7:30 p.m. Minutes of previous meeting. Officer reports: President - letters; Exec. Vice-President: Board in Review, recommendation, Stan Levy, Council vacancy, interviewing, Evaluation Com- mittees; Admin. Vice-President; Treas- urer. Special Committees: Personnel Re- port; Reading and Discussion; Student Book Exchange, final report. Standing Committees: Public Rela- tions, Summary of plans for the year; Education and Student Welfare, Exam file, Library hours; Student Activities Committee, Early Registration Pass Committee, final report, Bicycles, Re- quest for recognition, Canada House. Old Busness: Sigma Kappa; Tabled motions, Recommendations II-A, VII- B from Evaluation Committee on in. ternal structure and organization, I-& to form a Campus Relations Commit. tee. VII-B Little SGC meetings. New Business. Members and constituents time. Announcements. Adjournment. Lectures Lecture: Dr. C. H. Waddington, Bu- chanan Professor of Animal Genetics, Univ. of Edinburgh, serving as Con. sultant in Biology to the Div. of Bi. ological Sciences will speak on "Evo. lutionary Adaptation." Wed., Oct. 2, 8:00 p.m., Aud. B, Angell Hall. Academic Notices Algebra Seminar: Wed., Oct. 1 at 3, Room 3017. Subject; Topics in the theories of Groups and Rings. Prof. McLaughlin will discuss Representa- tion of Certain Simple Groups. Seminar in Applied Mathematics: Thursdays at 4:00 p.m. in Rm. 246 W. Eng. Refreshments at 3:30 in 274 W. Eng. First meeting for the semester on Thurs., Oct. 2, 1958: Prof. E. D. Rain- l"e: "Generating functions and ex- pansions of polynomials in series of polynomials." Seminar in Mathematical Statistics: i . I "MORE THAN EVER before," the program bragged. (A picture is worth a thousand words-Confucious.) "1076 trombones," the loudspeaker blared. (A closed mouth gathers no feet-Anonymous.) Y ES, SPORT FANS, it was band day in sunny Ann Arbor. Each year the masses of brasses descend upon peace-loving students and alumni to give them the ear-splitting time of their lives. Each year the leviathan becomes more un- wieldy; Saturday "The world's largest band" topped 12,000. To the naive freshman it is a spectacle at which to marvel, sometimes. However, after becoming accustomed to the Michigan March- ing Band, the "spectacle" becomes torture. The bands do keep largely together, although they are so loud one can never be sure. The question, however, seems to be: Is music worth it all? Band Day serves the purpose of the largest public relations gimmick in the music business. The Marching Band's success can be in large part attributed to the good will generated in high school music students by this program. That Band Day lgeeps the University's Marching Band among the nation's leaders is its only benefit. And one can scarcely ignore the proud parents of the tooting fops who are undoubtedly deeply impressedk that the University should notice their "Jane" or "Bennie." Band Day helps for the opinion, too, that the stadium is full of spectators. Usually saved for the game at which the lowest attendance is expected, its presence has been synonymous with "Michigan vs. nobody." This year Southern California proved a good drawing card in its own right; someone perhaps miscalculated or Band Day was placed first on the schedule to get it over with, hopefully speaking. E ACH YEAR the seething, swarming mass gets larger, which means child woodwind pro- tegies are filling more (and smaller seats) in the stadium, and creating more havoc at half- time. The field, judging from Saturday's game, will hold at least 1,000 more music men, al- though eardrum ruptures will probably rise by 30 per cent. It is also interesting to note that a certain predominately agricultural "university" to the North which shall remain otherwise unnamed has started a similar project. "In hoc signe vinces" seems to be the motto of the university band directors across the state. The final insult to student intelligence was added when "1076 trombones" were proclaimed to be resident in the stadium. This is difficult for any hard, free-thinking upperclassman to ac- cept at face value, and it was probably rejected by the majority as a publicity stunt to laud something or other, The solution to the entire problem, of course, is to eliminate Band Day as a malignant growth and hire a full-time band recruiter for the University. Michigan, heal thyself. ROBERT JUNKER LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: Library ours Draw Comment (EDITOR'S NOTE: Letters to the Editor must be signed, in good taste and not more than 300 words in length. The aily reservesthe right to edit or withhold letters for publication.) Return Library . . To the Editor: AT THE BEGINNING of the Spring semester last year, probably every University student could speak proudly of our new library. For among the many uni- versities and colleges throughout the country, which ones could coast of the study facilities and, more important, the study hours, ours offered? Now, only one semester later, the student is again confronted with his year-long problem? 'Where can I study after ten o'clock? Where can I study Friday eve- nings? Where can I study Satur- day afternoons?" In brief, we have had but one semester when the library conformed to the students' study hours and not the other way around. It is a travesty to have this unique feature of the library taken away, especially after all the initial expense was undertaken to build something the students would have for their use at their bidding. Rather, theuadministrationshould close the snack bar; or raise the fines for overdue books . . . or something. More important, the library last year offered the student not only a wonderful opportunity' to study intensely his courses but also it gave him the chance to expand his academic life into fields he might flours Wanted To the Editor: WAS PLEASED to read in The Daily of someone else's interest in the fantasia in the Undergradu- ate Library, and wish to add my opinion to the growing weight of sentiment against their new hours. It may be useful to know that there was a paging system installed in the U.G.L. this summer. Elec- tricians worked almost a full week to install the IBM electronic equip- ment. Apart from its disturbing features, the main purpose of this bell system is to summon library personnel to the telep.hone, etc., penetrating the entire building with IBM accuracy. I would suggest that the cost of installation, (i.e. high wages of electricians plus expensive equip- ment) might well have covered the $1.00 an hour wages of a minimum staff to keep the library open dur- ing those most important hours when other study halls are closed. I would further mention to the administration or the department of libraries or whoever is respon- sible for these new hours, that they are eliminating its worthiest func- tion, that they should learn to do away with unnecessaries before essentials, and that in recession years they should not expect to operate on a boom budget or carry on a puerile campaign to promote a misconception in Lansing about the condition of University opera- tions. -Grant Cosby Sigma Kappa . , To the Editor: THERE IS little necessity to list ber 26 as moralistic epistles in- tended to arouse public righteous- ness. Rather, they appear to be the displays of misguided crusaders whose intent is merely to make their otherwise insignificant voices heard. Possibly, they are the ban- terings of that socially unaccept- able element whose motto is "if you can't join 'em, try to beat 'em." I submit that these writers should undertake some soul- searching on their own and clarify their motives before soliciting sup- port to remove the official recog- nition of this admirable organiza- tion. -Buff Whelan '6OBAd. Senimore Says .. INTERPRETING THE NEWS: A lgeria Faces Gen. de Gaulle By J. M. ROBERTS Associated Press News Analyst THE QUESTION ibw is whether Charles de Gaulle, entrenched in power as no French leader has been in this century, is actually strong enough to impose a compromise settle- mentin Algeria. Since his great victory in the constitutional referendum, some observers are wondering if he wouldn't be in a better position if he had ap- plied the same freedom of choice to Algeria as to other overseas communities. Other territories were permitted to vote now had he not sought to perpetuate the myth that Algeria is French, not a colonial possession. Gen. de Gaulle's problem now is to find a political position somewhere between the rebel demand for complete independence and the insistence of the settlers of French extraction on complete integration with France. HE IS UNDER PRESSURE to act swiftly, since to leave the issue up in the air would be to invite new disruption during the forth- coming election campaign. Continued uncer- 7V7%L: