Sixty-Ninth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. 0 ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 "If We're Lucky I Might Break Even, Huh?, PERSONAL AND POLF hen Opinions Are Free Truth Will Prevail" } "= , s: .ti . $- Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. tRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1958 NIGHT EDITOR: LANE VANDERSLICE Control of Chiang Real Issue In Current Quemoy Crisis SEC. OF STATE John Foster Dulles' speech yesterday on the touchy Formosan problem basically appears to be a stop-gap solution to prevent the Far Eastern crisis from flaming nito a major war nobody, most particularly ;he American public, wants. In the Secretary's rnild approach can be seen the hope that the Chinese Communists will accept it as a way out f a difficult position. .A cease-fire is obviously the first step in olving the problem of the off-shore islands; jut then. the United. States must decide what olution can be found to meet the not entirely injustified claims of the Chinese for the slands. After all this is done, the United $tates rust decide what to do with Chiang Kai-shek. The United States has been maneuvered into , position where It is committed to fight the 'hinese Communists, and perhaps the Soviet Jnion, for a few square miles of land com- letely useless to the Western world. This ountry is threatened with losing the support )f its allies for its stand on Quemoy and cause L schism that could, form the basis for a dis- tnited and ineffective Western policy in the 'ar East. There is little reason to believe that, to leave he off-shore islands to the Chinese Com- nunists would give that country's leaders the reen light for an attack on Formosa. Even hough Formosa may not be essential to defense f the West, the United States policy is too learly defined for the Reds to believe this ountry would acquiesce in their demands. FORMOSA AND the, position of the entire free world in the Western Pacific, then, is ot, as President Eisenhower claims, threatened or is it really the issue. If the Administration cnd a certain sector of the American public rould look more closely at the Formosan -traits, they would see that the real issue is ow to control Chiang Kai-shek. The Adminis- ration would do well to ask itself how long e is going to be permitted to guide, indeed Imost formulate, American foreign policy in hie Far East. Chiang has done his best to iextricably tie American military power to he interests of the Nationalists. Perhaps the most serious mistake this country has made in the events leading to the current ecrisis is to allow Chiang to transport about a third of his armed forces to Quemoy. Loss of that pro-, portion of his military in a Communist invasion would so weaken Chiang's ability to defend Formosa that the United States hardly can afford not to defend Quemoy. CHIANG'S wild-eyed maneuvers in the Pacific have, curiously enough, forced President Eisenhower to take one of his strongest and probably most unpopular stands since he has been in office. His courage and determination in warning the Chinese the United States is prepared to fight over the islands and will not tolerate armed aggression in the Far East are to be commended; but a great deal more com- mendation could be directed his way if he would take a more emphatic position on what Chiang can and cannot do. Since it is only through the United States' economic aid and military protection that the Nationalist's government still exists, it hardly seems unreasonable that we should have con- siderable say over his actions that might start' a global war. While the problem of handling Chiang is perhaps the more important, ultimately, set- tling the off-shore islands issue will probably prove more difficult. There should be no ques- tion of Chiang aceepting or rejecting a solu- tion that-is Acceptable to the. West: if it is agreeable to the United States and in line with its allies interests, 'Chiang must. be made to accept it. The Chinese Communists probably will have to accept something less than full control of the islands but surely will demand the Nationalists be removed from their front door step. So while the details of a solution are not yet in sight, it would appear that some sort of neutralization of the islands-perhaps with the Communists to assume control in a specified number of years-is the goal toward which both sides, assuming each sincerely wishes to settle the issue, must work. --DAVID TARR Associate Editor By MARVIN t.ARROWSMITH Associated Press Correspondent NEWPORT, R.I.-Whether Sher- man Adams quits or stays, it's one of the strangest cases in a long time-packed with drama. As was the case 10 days ago right after the Republican political disaster in the Maine elections, no one close to President Dwight D. Eisenhower at the summer White House would bet you that Adams will weather the storm and con tinue as President Eisenhower's chief aide. Those in the inner circle at the President's vacation headquarters insist they just don't know. What is more, they insist that President Eisenhower himself doesn't know-- simply because, they say, Adams hasn't told the President. There is the drama. These presi- dential lieutenants in Newport have said repeatedly that President Eisenhower never will take the initiative and tell Adams he is through. They have said over and over again that President Eisenhower doesn't operate that way -that Adams will have to make up his own mind and inform the Presi- dent regarding his decision. And they picture the wiry, white - haired Adams as going through the greatest agony of his 59 years in trying to make up his mind what to do. The background, of course, is that last June a Congressional in- vestigating committee nailed down that Adams had accepted costly gifts and favors from an old friend, Bernard Goldflne, at a time when the Boston industrialist was in trouble before federal regulatory agencies. Adams acknowledged getting gifts and favors.,But he testified he never, exerted one bit of influ- ence on behalf of Goldfine. He said he made only routine inquiries about Goldfine's difficulties. At a Washington news confer- ence June 18, President Eisenhower said Adams had been imprudent but that nevertheless "I need him." That. might have ended it, de- spite the clamor on the part of a good many GOP candidates that Adams had to go. They contended he had become a political mill- stone, likely to drag the party to defeat in this year's elections. But after a few weeks, the clamor subsided. Then on Sept. 8 in Mlaine, the Republicans were shellacked by the Democrats. The Goldfine case was an indirect issue there, and GOP candidates in other states set up a new howl for Adams' scalp. Since that howl started. Presi- dent Eisenhower has been' publicly silent. He called the Republican setback in Maine a beating there is no use trying to disguise. But all indications at the sum- mer White House are that no one close to him knows whether he has changed his mind about Adams having to stay on because "I need him." For the first time since Adams returned to his Washington office REPORT CARD: Congressional Gabbyness Revealed France Faces Danger of Rightism By ARTHUR EDSON Associated Press Newsfeatures Writer WASHINGTON - As every de- voted follower of Congress knows, it takes a heap of talking to make a bill a law. The latest "Congressional Rec- ord" confirms this loquaciousness, for it includes a final report card on the 85th Congress. Sure enough, this was one of the most talkative Congresses in years. It generally isn't realized that long after the statesmen have de- parted, their echoes linger on in new issues of the record. Like an ardent lover, who can't bear -to seal the envelope without one more P.S., a congressman yearns to jot down one more parting thought. Like the ardent lover, too, a congressman tends to overstate his case. * * * A CAREFUL READER will note that this message seems to run through the pleas: "Now, are you lucky voters go- ing to return me to Washington- or are you going to allow this country to go to the dogs?" But these self-love pats aren't what attract us devoted followers. Of Congress. No, it's a single page of statistics, "a resume of Congressional activ- ity," that draws our attention. Here are such droll facts as how long the Senators talked, to the minute, without a worry as to what they said and who, if any- one, listened. How many bills were tossed into the hopper, counted. impartially from_ the most im- portant to the silliest. How many bills became laws, with no fretting over whether they were good or bad. It is well known now that 96 Senators, who have few rules limiting debate, invariably out- talk 435 representatives, whose time is severely rationed. But even by gabby senatorial standards, this last Senate stood out. It began by talking away for 860 hours and 44 minutes in its first session last year, and then returned in 1958 to talk 1,014 hours and 45 minutes in the session that wound up Aug. 24. For comparison, the House met for only 562 hours afid 12 minutes during the last session. You have to go back to the first session of the 82nd Congress, which quit work on Oct. 20, 1951, to find a Senate to compare with this one. That Senate, meeting two extra months, put in 996 hours and 46 minutes, but this so winded. it that it gave up after 651 hours, in the second session. * * * THERE'S A LOT of loose talk about this country going soft, but, complain as you .will, the Senator of today seems as strong-lunged as ever. Let's be fair about this, though. Considerable work was done. More than 20,000 bills and reso- lutions were introduced. Mostly in committees, whose long hours of work don't.show up on any chart, these were either cultivated or plowed under. Around 1,700 finally, became laws. One surprising statistic: A President can veto an Act of Congress, which then, by a two- thirds vote, can make the bill a law over the President's protest. So far President Eisenhower has vetoed well over 100 bills. Not once has his veto been overridden by Congress. rANCE VOTES Sept. 28 on the constitution proposed by General Charles de Gaulle. The onstitution would establish a Fifth' Republie iffering drastically from the current Fourth epublie with Is eindless parade of middle- f-the-road premiers. The ultimate authority ould pass from the cabinet-breaking Assembly the president, now almost powerless.. It seems clear the French people will approve its constitution d'espite the concentration of ower in the hands of the chief executive. In- oing so they will be approving the general, nid trusting him not to abuse the power placed his bands. France has, of course, an extremely wide Inge of political opinions embodied in active' rganizations, Not all Will approve the new Dnstitution, not all will trust the general. "DE GAULLE.. . C'EST. LE FASCISME" ream Communist posters on walls li Paris. nd some liberal Frenchnen have' said that hile they feel Gen. de Gaulleis -himself' a emocrat now they doubt that he can overcome' ze influence of the rightist generals whose: volt brought him to power. UT MANY other Frenchmen would welcome additional rightist influence, augmenting or, placing the general, A Parisian medical student explains it this. ay: "France is tired of democracy, One-third INTERPRETING THE NEWS of the students are Communists, one-third are not interested in politics and would rather not dirty their hands with it, and the remaining one-third favor a rightist government.' The student goes- on to say that Gen. de Gaulle would not- be his choice as strongman because of the postwar execution of thousands of Frenchmen as collaborationists who merely cooperated with the Vichy government, which he characterizes as "legally chosen" by the National Assembly. He would prefer a govern- ment like that of Portugal's moderate dictator Salazar, the student said. But assuming Gen. de Gaulle is given his constitution in this month's referendum, and manages to walk the tightrope of rightist mod- eration, there, remains for France the dilemma of rightist govermimrnt everywhere: what will happen when the strongman is gone?. Many may wish. to abandon democracy be-- cause of what the student characterizes as "disaster after disaster"- to which it has led. But unless .-Gen. de Gaulle establishes demo- cratic- institutions to replace again the power he is -now seeking, another disaster may occur. It is only to be hoped that in taking the necessary step of 'approving de Gaulle's' con- stitution the French people do not merely abdi- cate responsibility, and_ in accepting power the, general does not wish to become "another Sala- zar" --THOMAS TURNER SHERMAN ADAMS ..still working Monday after a 10-day vacation, the President and Adams talked yesterday-by telephone. They had not consulted since Sept. 6, when President Eisenhower interrupted his vacation and re- turned to the capital for a' few hours. That was two days before the Maine elections.' James C. Hagerty, White House press secretary, told a news con- ference at Newport that the Eisen. hower-Adams conversation yester- day dealt only with government business-that it touched in no way on the big question of whether Adams is in or out. Earlier in the day, Hagerty said he still had not the slightest, in- dication that Adams might be, planning to resign-or that Presi- dent- Eisenhower might fire .him. Hagerty put it that way in com- menting on, Washington reports that GOP leaders had prevailed on Adams to recognize that he has no alternative but to resign for the party's good. In the light of all that,' put yourself in Adams' shoes and see the drama in this case. You call your boss, the Presi- dent in this case, and you taIkI about routine government busi- ness. And all the time you are grappling with the biggest decision in your whole career - hoping, maybe, the boss will give you, a clue. what he wants you to do. And the boss doesn't mention the thing that's tormenting you and you know, at' the. same time, that he knows it's tormenting you. What would you do? LETTERS to the EDITOR Inaccuracy . To the Editor: AFTER reading the recent A? report about Kiev ("the city of chestnut trees") in your Daily of September 17, one cannot easily overcome an impression that the author's own observations '(sula h;ntdevrnetlcn as the noted environmental con- trasts between inhabitants of Kiev. and those of" Moscow) cast a' shadow of legitimate 'doubt over the accuracy of the postulate-. which he repeats-declaring Kiev a Russian city. The above discrepancy arises from the fact that the latter postulate is wrong. It is histori- cally incorrect according to at least one school of thought. Since the scientific effort in Russia is- and has always been-made sub- servient to political motives, the subject of history is no exception. The history of Russia was- never. written in English-it was trans- lated. We do not know of any substantially independent-research in this area by either West Euro- pean or American historians (please correct us if we are wrong!). For them to rely on Russian sources is to run the danger of being incomplete or inaccurate. * * * THE RUSSIAN. history begins no earlier than in the 14th century with the rise of the Dutchy of Muscovy, according to Hrushevsky. The fundamnetal studies ; about the origins of the Kievan State by M. Hrushevsky, which provide th only available reference material from non-Russian sources, - point out that the ancient Kiev should be viewed as the adversary rather than the forerunner of the later Muscovite empire. The first devastating invasion of Kiev was carried neither by, the Tartars nor the Nazis (as implied by the author of the aforemen- tioned dispatch), but by Kiev's northeastern neighbors in 1169 under the Duke Andrei Bogolubski of Suzdal, the immediate fore- runner of the dutchy of Muscovy. The contemporary 12th century Kievan historian speaks of the invaders as "foreigners and bar- barians." 4 AT ALUMNI HALL: Art Museum Displays Impressive,. Wide Selection Dulle speaks Softly By J. M. ROBERTS. Associated Press News Analyst 'ECRETARY OF STATE John Foster Dulles spoke before the United Nations General ssembly yesterday as a man who wasn't trying start any fights. . With reference to Communist China, he .Z 4 Editorial Staff RICHARD TAUB, Editor LEL KRAFT JO rial Director had already been a lot rougher in other public statements.' He sounded like a man who recognizes that United States policy in the Formosa Strait dispute is looked upon dubiously by many nations, both friends and neutrals, no matter how essential he considers it to be. Negotiations are under way, he said. If they prove fruitless, then the matter can be discussed in the United Nations. Before he spoke, the situation in the Strait became more ominous. There was a battle be- tween Communist and Nationalist planes over .a Quemoy convoy. The American command was flying fighter cover for air drops of supplies for the island's defenders. It indicated its readi. ness to engage the Reds if they tried aerial in- terference. The nonbeligerence of the Dulles opening speech immediately encouraged other delegates who wanted to give the Warsaw negotiations a chance, however slim. MErANWHILE there were reports irn Britain that the Warsaw negotiations had pro- duced a Communist suggestion for a ceasefire in the Quemoy area if Chiang Kai-shek would W HEN WE SAW the announce- ment outside Alumni Hall that the currentshowings of the Museum ,of Art are from the permanent collections, we expected to see (as we have so often at other University museums) a bor- ing assortment of second' rate works, the sort of things maiden aunts bequeath one and which are then desperately passed on to worthy institutions. It was with no end of delight that we found our original notion completely, excitingly wrong. The selection of top works in several areas and eras are so numerous that no deprecation or apology is necessary. Rather, one is impressed with the range and selectivity of the collections. The present exhibits were de- signed by Charles H. Sawyer, Director of the Museum of Art, to show off the broad scope and high quality of the rUniversity collec- tions, and to show the collections in their role of teaching materials. THIS LATTER aim is particu- larly evident where a series of a few pieces-notably the Limoges enamel, c. 1200, the 14th century Flemish "Statuette of Standing Apostle," and the "Mourning Fe- male Figure," Austrian(?) 17th century-embody the characteris- tic aesthetic, humane, and philo- sophic values of their periods and show clearly the evolving modes of European expression of those times. On the stair landing leading to the upper galleries is a collection of "out-of-fashion" paintings-a group of small oils which includes a fine waterscape by Boudin and a Fantain-Latour flower study. We were particularly attracted to the Whistler "Sea and Rain" and the Hartley (a strong, serene study of mountains), Picasso (showing the sensitive parsimony of line found in the finest of his work), and Ben Shahn's "Brick Building." This latter piece is, in a way, shocking in that it shows how little Shahn depends on color. for his unique and, usually, highly colored ex- pressions. IN THE North Gallery are a series of watercolors selected not only for aesthetic merit but also as representative examples of the evolving styles of the past 70 years. These range from the charming, old fashioned "The Willow Pond" by Murphy, to the cool geometry of Maholy-Nagy's "Abstract Com- position." Particularly interesting are the two works by Nauen and Nolde-vigorous examples of the Blaue Ritter group. Half the large West Gallery is devoted to contemporary paintings ranging from "Nude on a Navajo Blanket" to the more recent works of Kantor, Albers, and Suther- land. There are some typical "Seated Figures" by Moore, a characteristically finnicking, squirming, congested Mark Tobey, and (on loan) a highly sophisti- cated -Buffet still life. The prize, of the group, however (and a new addition to the collection) is the deceptively simple Feininger "Con- necticut Hills, 1950." At the opposite end of the West Gallery are pieces selected from the collection of orientalia, in- cluding some excellent bronze Ku and jade ceremonial implements from the Shang dynasty, a fine Japanese painting on a gold ground (recently acquired), a busty "Female Deity" from India, and a superb Sung celadon bowl. The loan by Cranbrook Academy, priety found in Japanese prints of the best periods. A few examples of these antique prints are hung in the upper halls, with. Dohan's "A Woman Pausing as She Walks and Turning to Look Behind Her" -notable for only its rather amaz- ing title, but more importantly for its rich handling of a restricted color scheme, fine drawing, and strong sense of design.' * * * IN ORDER to show more of the, University collections, the exhibi- tion area of the Undergraduate Library has been devoted to a 8[I collection of French prints of the late 19th and 20th centuries. The show includes groups by such mas- ters as Matisse, Roualt, Cezanne, Braque, Maillol, Bonnard, Vuillard, Toulouse-Lautrec (his "Woman With Mirror" is especially impres- sive to us), and Manet. We were pleased to see that Renoir's ladies, as lush and full blown as ever, come through in black and white rather more strongly than their. painted sisters. Two Villon color prints are particularly delightful, decorative. -David Guillaume I I t I 'HN WEICHER City Editor DAVID TARR Associate Editor I CANTOR...................Personnel Director r WILLOUGHBY.......Associate Editorial Director rA JORGENSON......... Associate City Editor ABETH ERSKINE... .Asociate Personnel Director JONES.................Sports Editor L RISEMAN... ..,...... ..Associate Sports Editor )LEMAN,........,.........Associate Sports Editor D ARNOLD«.................Chief Photographer Business Staff STEPHEN TOPOL, Business Manager t' '.: MVO ;:. .- '.r%. v' { " u J ' { ? ry. ..