"How's That for Bold, Imaginative Thinking?" :trl tgttn 74,3allg 14 Sixty-Ninth Year _ - EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Then Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Truth wii Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Editoials printed in The -Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be doted in all reprints. DNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1958 NIGHT EDITOR: ROBERT JUNKER 6098Q ., f Ike.: '^" , r ' t .0 fi o ' t 4id h 4 XI,- :C A Uncertain P ol-COMPWETITOR1 IS NO fGOOI) ,i w /x University's New Courses Promise Additional Rewards A CERTAIN SMILE is the little story of a co-ed's infidelity. Mos the action occurs in Paris where such things are supposed ti taken for granted, but even so, Mll. Domenic's waywardness still m, a very important milestone in her growing up. Domenic, played by smiley Chr.istine Carere, is at the outset a sumably happy law student at the Sorbonne in love with Bertr another law student. Their lives run smoothly until Domenic runs Bertrand's sexy Uncle Luke (Rosanno Brazzi). After exchanging a meaningful smiles, Domenic gets hooked. No longer content to jitterbug with Bertrand at the Cafe Be- this faithful daughter of somber, provincial parents must ultima decide 'whether or not to run off to the Riviera with Uncle Luke. INTERPRETING: Besides' being very handsome, tncle Luke apparently represents some kind; of father-image for S eculatio' Domenic. She is helprotective guid- ance can prevent her from com R uW il mitting the inevitable.. / I I ESPITE THE SLASH in its budget, the University is going ahead with several new rses for the outstanding student this year. 'wo new literary college honor courses are ng offered, along with new honor courses in losophy and geology, and honor sections in rses in other departments. In addition, ht departments have combined to present ourse seldom seen in American colleges:. a -year sttidy: of Asia.. This by itself would a large achievement in any year. Graduate grams in Slavic linguistics - tnd Russian rature and a graduate department of nu- tr engineering add to the impressive list. 'his is heartening. In a year when retrench-' ats and cutbacks must, of necessity, be made every department of- the University, the ellectual stimulus survives and grows. Larger bions may be the order of the day, but some those same sections are reserved for honor lents. New efforts are being made to provide llenging educational experiences. Ve anticipate that these new courses, many them in areas formerly not touched in this iversity in any coherent mannerv will supply t of the solution to the twin problems of viding esolid, "red-meat" education and in- -ucing students to those areas not tradition- T part .of-the university curriculum, but reasingly vital to the- world. IS GRATIFYING further to note ;that at least orIeof the new courses is not an out. wth of the "sputnik age" renewed emphasis education.;si I and II has been in the nning stage for two years, thanks to a grant : the CarnegiekFundation. It thus promises be a well-thought-out program, rather than result of a blind drive to get back on top of educational heap. This also indicates that niversiy as remained awake to the needs enriching its course offerings, not content stand pat and let the world bypass It. The broadeningof thecollege honors prograni, dIS.-6 encouraging development. Here re- newed interest in science and engineering has not elbowed out the humanities, for one of the two new courses deals with the Renaissance. This expansion in the freshman program in- augurated last fall holds much promise, both in itself and as a portent of things to come. Developing such new courses is not inex- pensive. The Asian course alone cost more than1 $25,000 to set up. This should increase satis-. faction with the University's concern for the academics, in that so many new programs could be offered in such a lean year, when so much else must wait. MUCH IS EXPECTED of these new programs, - and perhaps it is necessary to reserve judgment on their success for some years. But in the meantime, the University and its indi- vidual departments deserves credit for what would appear to be a well-thought-out, well- chosen group of courses for, honor and out- standing students. If performance lives up toi promise, the students in these courses will have had a richly rewarding educational ex- perience. These courses cannot represent the final developments of efforts to provide superior programs for superior students, although, given another year of economic difficulties, such could prove to be the case. But the honors program can still be expanded to include the junior and senior years, anld enlarged' for the lower classes. Departmental programs andhspecial course sections can be added. And revision and improvement of the present courses must take. place continually. No doubt those in charge of the various programs have already thought of these matters, and have begun to study the further improvements and additions they will add in the future. If this year's harvest is any indication, those ahead should be a greater stimulation.. We await next year's list of new courses with fenewed confidence. -JOHN WEICHER City Editor 0 - " ,. . ,;> , ' _ :. b rs, M/^' o- . r A 4i 5 J , 5 -h ... C ' +?'58. +11:' s.JRtgtlVt" a ct " 71T'Gr.'+i+. :' .. Y y YVii""" .... 4 r : ;. t t III, .f' ,, y 4 ! ti's t..a .. .. 4 - ~ " r . . , dw Y:^xs _ _ l r4^ .' ... ....Ld ? ,. ._ _. , . .. "' ., BRADFORD DILLMAN turns in a fine performance as Domenic's rejected suitor. He alone appears to have a genuine interest in the goings-on of the plot. In spite of all the illicit sex, the plot of this movie, based on the novel by Francois Sagan, is not too enthralling. There ar.e a few' gay romps through the diag at the Sorbonne, Parisian side-streets and cellar cafes, the Riviera, and a few fancy night clubs, but the travelogue part is not enough to sustain the rest of the film. * * * THE MOVIE, like the book, seems at times to be somewhat thin and superficial. Whoever adapted the story for the screen must have been aware that some-, thing was lacking somewhere in the film, for every once in a while, there are a few little extras thrown' in. Joan Fontain, for instance, as Uncle Luke's neglected wife does offer some philosophic musings on marriage which seem fairly .sound. At another point, and for no ap- parent reason, Johnny (that sing- ing sensation) Mathis sings a title song for the movie. This did prb- vide a rather pleasant break from whatever was going on at the moment. The scenic shots throughout.the film were lovely and plentiful. If it were possible to ignore the plot and just watch the background. photography of this movie, A Cer- tain Smile might almost provide an enjoyable hour and a half. -Beverly. Gross By J. M. ROBERTS Associated Press News Analyst W of the more exciting specu- lations during planning for the International Geophysical Year were that man might gain a new +concept -of time and learn how to visit the rest of the universe. When the Sputniks went up, space travel seemed to be just around the corner. Some people may have gotten confused because -the time it would take to get around the corner seemed to de- pend on whether you talked about earth time or space time. Albert Einstein had been work- ing on a theory that there was a relationship between time and speed, and that the speed of space slowed down time, or something like that. SOME SCIENTISTS are even talking about searching in space for the fountain of youth, where 10 seconds .would be only one second in -earth time. Leaving the scientists to make what they can of what little they know, there are important aspects to all such speculation. y Anybody over 50 can tell -you that the present is very rapidly becoming -the past. History is in- complete. Herein lies the spur to seek more knowledge. Despite some ,pretty high-class mathematics used by today's as- tronomers, astronauts and physi- cists, the answers they accept as fact may just possibly prove as Inadequate as those of the ancient and antiquated stargazers. TODAY AND TOMORROW: Little Rock efi.ne By WALTER LIPPMANN CAPITAL i Ike (Editor's Note William S. White, The Daily'stnewest columnist, is the author of the Pulitzer Prize winning biography "The Taft Story"s and the best seller, "Citadel: The Story of the United States Senate." Until he began writing his three-times-a-week column this year, he was Chief Con- gressional Correspondent, for. The New. York Times, havingjoined the paper. in 1945..Born, in DeLeon, Texas, White attended the Universityaofs Texas, joined the Associated Press in 1927, and soon transferred to the Washing- ton Bureau where he began his career as a political correspondent,) WASHINGTON - One of the most significant changes in the Washington atmosphere since Dwight D. Eisenhower came to power in 1953 is now unfolding. Both the President and Secre- tary of State ohn Foster Dulles are speaking if increasingly can- did terms of the enormous world problems that so long have con- fronted us. And if candor is the beginning of wisdom, then this Administration's foreign policy is becoming far more nearly wise, however sticlTy the situation in the Far East may be'or may become. For five and a half years the President and Mr. Dulles have addressed this country and the world largely in soothing terms. Their settlement of the Korean War gave the Communists an en- trenched position along our secur- ity line in the Western Pacific, e, * * BUT TO THAT PART of public opinion which was more interested in any peace than in power, the Administration presented the Korean arrangement as a triumph for peace. And to that public opin-, ion which believes peace can only follow power, the Administration represented its partial surrender as a tough and practical cohclu. sion. RING THE ORAL arguments before the upreme Court several of the Justices put' hing but friendly questions to-Mr. Richard utler, who appeared as attorney for the- e Rock School Board. In these questions in Mr. Butler's answers we have for the time an official definition of the real issue : by Gov. Faubus. "Thlis conflict," said Mr. er, "has resolved itself, as we see it as a- ol Board, into a head-on collision between Federal and state governments." e conflict is not, as the President has fly defined it, a collision between mobs and awful authorities. ere is no hope of resolving tht conflict s the real issue is cdrrectlydefined te questioning which defined the issue was n by Mr. Justice Harlan. He said that he no reservations about the good faith of the ol Board. He pointed out that the School d had inaugurated "a plan of integration." hien asked Mr. Butler whether the conflict not arisen by "the action of the state. ned to frustrate the good faith of the ol Board." Mr. Butler agreed, saying that chool Board which is "an arm of the state -nment," has been "ordered to do one by 'one court and by its employer . tate. of Arkansas, is ordered to do, some- else." ter on in questions by Mr. Justice Frank- r it came out, with Mr. Butler agreeing, the people of Little Rock would have esced in the School'Board's plan of' inte- on, had the authority of the state, mean- aov. Faubus, not incited and led the move- of resistance and defiance. EAR AGO, had President Dwight D. Eisen- ower understood the'real issue, he would challenged the use by Gov. Faubus of the nsas National Guard to prevent the School 1 from observing the law. This act of defi- backed by armed force, was the real se of Gov. Faubus-distinguishing it from COMMENTARY: Stiffens Foreign Policy. By WILLIAM S. WHITE all the other forms of resistance practiced in the Southern states. The country will await with great interest the full opinion of the court. But, as things, stand now, there is deep reason for thinking that the national government is not doing its full duty. An honest and law-abiding School Board in Little - Rock is prevented by the Governor of Arkansas from admitting a few Negro children to a high, school. The Federal courts say that these children should be admitted. But the Federal government does nothing as the school year begins to overcome the resistance of the Governor, the Legislature, and a majority of: the white voters. In despair, the School Board asked for a breathing spell which is denied by the Supreme Court. This leaves the School Board under obligations to admit the Negro children and also under the irresistible power of the state government which forbids their admission. As Federal troops cannot be used to open and operate the schools that the Governor has closed, the Federal government is left with an -unattractive prospect of law suits to get the Supreme Court to declare unconstitutional the, laws -just recently enacted by the Arkansas Legislature. What makes this so unattractive is that, having defied the Supreme Court on the original issue,' there is no reason to hope that Arkansas will not also defy it on a sub- sidiary decision. E FUNDAMENTAL vice of the situation is that the problem of enforcement, of over- coming the resistance of the Southern states, is not one which. can be handled successfully by judicial decrees addressed to local. author- ities. The problem of the enforcement of a law requiring a great social change belongs not to the courts alone but to the legislative and executive branches of the government as well. It is not possible for the courts to direct and, to preside over the negotiations and the plan- ning which are necessary if the basic decree is to be translated into concrete action in the Southern states. Integration, being a Federal principle, is a Federal responsibility, which cannot be left to the 'Federal courts alone. The issue posed by the defiance of Gov. Faubus is a challenge to'President Eisenhower, and as he cannot crush the defiance with force, he must negotiate for a workable compromise. That ought not to be impossible. For there are integrated schools in Arkansas, and in principle Arkansas is not one of the states which is opposed to integration as such. At the same time, the integration which was actually proposed by the Little Rock School Board, of some nine Negro children .among 2,000 whites, was merely a token integration. There is, there- fore, room to negotiate, and what is lacking is serious and resourceful leadership. 1958 New York Herald Tribune Inc. In Indo-China we took -up a confused, ambiguous position, half of involvement and half of aloof- ness. The result was to -leave the Commiunist aggressors there hold- ing a dagger over free-world inter- ests-a dagger whose poised pres- ence the Administration no longer denies. But this, -too, was offered as a victory for Mr. Dulles' diplo- macy. * * * THE CHANGE in tone here- and its importance could hardly be overstated-seems to have begun in the most recent crisis in the Middle East. There, the President stepped in with a boldness and decisiveness unexampled forahim in sending the Marines and para- troopers to Lebanon. Now, as in his address to the. country of last week, he is talking in a way that his Administration was never quite willing to talk before. He is saying that while he will not fight for the little offshore islands-Quemoy and so on--as such, he will certainly fight for them if the Chinese Communists assault them as way stations to largeraggressions. He could have taken the easy and popular evasion that the little islands were in any case meaning- less. And the temptation to do that was great in light of the sinister rise in the belligerence of Com- munist China in association with the Soviet Union. Moreover, and this is the key to the whole point, the President has . obviously recognized that what he is doing is not popular even in this country--but only necessary in a responsible leader. This new kind of look is even more evident in Secretary Dulles. Mr. Dulles has publicly faced up to two harsh realities-and what- ever his actions of the past he has faced up to them like a man. One of these realities is that our allies are absolutely out of step with us in our Far East policy and will not go along with us if we get into serious trouble out there. The r-9nd truth Mr. Dulles is now owledgintg without shelter be- I legalisms must have been - Adest of all to accept ii an Administration that has so per- sistently, relied on public relations techniques. THIS REALITY is, that a foreign policy in this world and in these times cannot be run on any Gallup poll, postcard principle of asking the public to send in the answers as to what really ought to be done. In ,a word, the Madison Avenue approach - the advertising tech- niques which made peril look like security and losses look like gains ---has gone from the conduct of. our foreign policy. And not a moment too soon. For it seems. clear that the Administration is way out ahead of the public in the Formosa Straits, and only plain, tough, candid talk will put right that situation. Many - this correspondent, for one-have many times protested the lack of candor in the Adminis- tration. Perhaps they ought now,' in fairness, to acknowledge that Mr. Eisenhower and Mr. Dulles' are looking steadfastly down the gun barrel into the bright face of- danger and running our affairs abroad without resort to any soft- sell or soft soap. (Copyright, 1958, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.) r (Editor's Note: Mr. Steingoid, in his second year of Law School and a 1957 graduate of the University's Jounalism Department, was present at the September 11 session of the supreme Court.) By FRED STEINGOLD, '60L WASHINGTON, D.C.--Next month's Supreme Court opinion explain. ing the Little Rock decision should clarify the court's 1955 ruling that integration must proceed "with all deliberate speed." That am- biguous phrase was employed three years ago in order to permit flexible implementation of integration programs for it seemed obvious to the court that progress in establishing mixed schools could not be expected to take place as rapidly in deep-South Alabama as in border Maryland. Up until last Friday's decision that Little Rock -must integrate its schools at once, there was little concrete evidence of what the court SUPREME COURT: Deliberates Speed NEW ASSEMBLY PRESIDENT- Mali isovrAa Opston By WILLIAM N. OATIS UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. ()- Lebanon's scholarly, strongly pro- American Foreign Minister Charles Malik became the first Arab Presi- dent of the UN General Assembly yesterday and he won over a massed array of Arab opposition. . He is a cosmopolite by education and diplomatic service, a Greek Orthodox Christian and a man skilled in both exact and inexact. sciences. The final contest came at the outset of the 81 nation Assembly's 13th annual session with Sudan's Foreign Minister Mohammed Ah- med Mahgoub as his opponent. MALIK, elected 45-31, told the Assembly he would have been just as happy to see Mahgoub chosen. He said Lebanon's relations with other Arab countries were so firm they would remain unaffected by "the sportsmanlike competition between me and one 'of my best friends." As President he promised to serve, the UN "and through it the world," rather than his own coun- try and region, and to apply the UN charter and the Assembly's rules strictly. His triumph came only a week before President Camille Cha- moun's Beirut administration, in which he has been Foreign Minis- ter since November 1956, is to leave office in favor of President-elect Faud Chehab. DURING HIS leadership of the Foreign Ministry, Lebanon 'ac- cepted. the Eisenhower doctrine of U.S. aid to any mideastern coun- try threatened by international communism. Chamoun's govern- mentalso invited in U.S. troops last July to protect it on grounds A New Twist ONE NEGRO and two white professors at Allen University have lost their jobs under vague charges of unsuitability. The situ- ation first came to a head when, a white Hungarian refugee stu- dent was admitted to the all. Negro student body at Allen Vni- versity- Within a short time the South Carolina State Board of Education had withdrawn Allen's right to certify its graduates as teachers. The issue was clearly. one of white teachers and awhite that the U.A.R. had been sending - in arms, men and propaganda to help Lebanese rebels.I At that same time Jordan in- vited British troops in for a some- - what similar.reason. When the Assembly held an emergency. ses- sion on the situation, Jordan pushed ahead with its complaint. But Malik then soft-pedaled. Lebanon's and took a conciitory attitude. The Aiab countries got together as sponsors of a resolu- tion to assign Secretary General Dag Hammarskjold to settle things. The resolution passed the Assembly unanimously Aug. 21. Malik's career has covered math- ematics, physics, public health and diplomacy. He was born Feb. 11, 1906 in Bitirram, Lebanon. He went to' the American Mission School for Boys in Tripoli, Lebanon; took a bachelor's degree in mathematics and physics from the American University in Beirut and master's and doctor's degrees in philosophy from Harvard and went from Har- vard on a fellowship to the Uni- versity of Freiburg, Germany, IN 1936-3'7, Malik was an as- . %tfant 1-in nhiincnrhy- 1-t,- +-tm,.-...-., had in mind in 1955. The hearings on the Little Rock case provided at least a hint:of what stand will, be taken in regard to the question of what consttitutes "deliberate speed." The Supreme Court apparently feels that popular hostility or even. the threat of violence is not suf- ficient to delay desegregation. In. arguing the case for delay, Little Rock School Board counsel Rich- ard Butler lay great enphasis on his claim that the majority of. people in Little Rock don't want. integrated schools. It is possible however that the court would have ruled otherwise had it been con- vinced that violent resistance to integration was spontaneous rather than incited by state officials. Butler's- argument that the school board was caught in the midst of a conflict between " two sovereignties," that is, federal and, state government, also found little favor with the court. Chief Justice Earl Warren indicated that the relief asked for by the - school board was intimately tied up with Arkansas' attempts to thwart' integration and that the school was, pure and simple, an agent of the state. IN WHAT is widely regarded as the -most significant comment of the llearing, Chief Justice- Warren said to Butler:' "The real issue is not just whether the school board is being frustrated, but whether any agent of the state is preventing the stu- dents from exercising. their con- stitutional rights. Is not this court concerned with whether the state action has frustrated the con- stitutional rights of these chil- dren?" Further questioning from the court seemed to indicate that com- plying in good faith with the court's earlier ruling means more than mere watchful waiting, by school authorities and that even a campaign to prepare a city for the Supreme Court was for what he called a "balancing of the equities." He insisted that an order to proceed with integration would disrupt the entire Little Rock school system -- the only benefit being the attainment of an "intangible right" by a handful of Negro students. The court seeris to have rejected this argument also and perhaps in its opinion it will adopt the posi- tion of Thurgood Marshall, counsel for the National ,Association for the Advancement of Colored Peo- ple. Marshall said "democracy is tough. There's always going to be a measure of difficulty involved." How far will the court go at the Oct. 6 meeting toward spelling out what it means by "deliberate speed'? For one thing, it will probably say that in those segre- . gated school districts facing prob- lems which are the same or similar to those faced in Little Rock, there is no room for delay. "Deliberate speed" in -these areas will mean immediate integration. Furthermore, state officials will probably be reminded that inte gration in the schools is, and for four years has been, the law of the land. Therefore an official's oath of office pledging support of the Constitution should be inter- preted at least as meaning that he will not actively -incite opposition - to the court's decree. BUT IT -is doubtful that the court will go farther and order immediate integration throughout the South or even detail the steps that must be taken toward de- segregation. The court still seems to recog- nize a need for flexibility and therefore the door will probably be left open for further litigation -particularly in the deep South. Federal judges on the district court level can be expected to read the opinion carefully for clues as Editorial Staff RICHARD TAUB, Editor KRAFT JO . Director, HN wEICHER City Editor DAVID TARR Associate Editor 'ANTOR....................;:Personnel Director rILLOUGHBY.......Associate Editorial Director JORGENSON.........Associate City Editor ETH ERSKINE....Associate Personnel Director ONES............,. ...Sports Editor ISEMAN. .... Associate Sports Editor EMAN.......~...... Associate Sports Editor ARNOLD............ Chief Photographer Business Staff STPHEWN TOlPOL. BsnssAAnaa.