Sixty-Ninth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN "When Opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Truth Will Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. Well, Lou .,Tee, she &akin t Wi s he was &se& n? s esa- Very S3o! d o r.a t-, on ZZ,, sl. s no& very dzplon.a~iw. w/eih lz.er I -uixLawr31 t k ..She s rea4t-. o i a t ra11 y Yhe said c*ti &tie soW =dclresim - blind.L you., fm. -ot omeC o.kick, e vet, i31e n somebodiy . beats tJji ad. g> of barge have I-ea.. _ psy it c xreloc tis the formn of a poeta I MAY FESTIVAL: Harth Outstanding; Choral Union weak i --- -- )AY, MAY 2; 1959 NIGHT EDITOR: CHARLES KOZOLL Conflicting Political Philosophies Jnderlie Michigan's Financial Chaos HIS EVENING'S concert by the Philadelphia Orchestra and Choral Union Chorus in Hill Auditorium was that rare bird among May Festival concerts -- a program entirely of unhackneyed masterworks of the 20th century. Indeed, the audience was treated to no less than two Ann Arbor premieres and one United States premiere. The end result'of all this, however, was distinctly less than anyone had a right to expect. The concert began with a case in point. "Flos Campi" by the late Ralph Vaughan' Williams is a work carefully constructed within the frame of aprecisely.pr(portioned sonority In a pred-ceto the scow$ the composer lists specific limits for 'the size of the performing body. The composer says, for example, that there are to be "not more than six" for either first or second violins, "not more than four" violas. .and so forth; that the choir should consist of 20 to 26 singers: three or four first sopranos, three or four second sopranos, and so forth. To have bothered to be so explicit. obviously: must mean that he consid- ered definite orchestra-vocal weights and colors to be essential to the music. * * * THIS EVENING'S performance brought a choral force of some 350 singers together with an orchestral complement doubled and tripled at random. Having heard "Flos Campi" previously as performed by a ;group of the specified number leaves me in no doubt that the com- poser knew best what he was about. Any performance, I suppose, faces its interpretational hazards, but willful distortions of this sort are, to my 4 PERHAPS emergency federal aid is the only way left to resolve the state's fiscal mess. The Legislature headed home for the week- end yesterday without solving the problem -- and there is no solution in prospect. Perhaps the soundest proposal offered dur- ing the controversy over the issue was the suggestion on" the Senate floor Wednesday aft- ernoon, "Why don't we- go home early today so we can get some rest and approach this thing fresh tomorrow morning?" But even this proposal was defeated. JE FRIGHTENING aspect of the situation is the paradoxical nature of any solution. The state must have money. Politicians and newspapers have been trumpeting about "pay- less paydays" and "crash day" since the be- ginning of the year. The time has unquestionably arrived. There is ,ver $177 million in the state treas- uries; but all but' $23 million of this total is earmarked money. This earmarked money is either constitutionally committed to certain specific purposes, the personal savings of state employees - in trust- funds - which is en- trusted to the state treasurer for investment, or federal grants for specific purposes. This money cannot legally or morally be touched. This leaves $23 million to pay the state's bills through May 15. The state's bills during this period will total $117 million. (A similarly precarious situation would develop even if the state could somehow scrape by until May 15.) Barring federal aid or other deus ex machina solutions, ,there is, only one place to get the, money - the Veterans Trust Fund. The Vets Fund differs from the other trust money held by the state treasurer: it is state money, not. money contributed by the veterans. The various proposals to mortgage or liquidate the fund are not, as: it might seem, unfair to the veterans. The fund is used to pay veterans compensa- tions of various sorts - these payments would not be jeopardized -by this -legislative action - The veterans would continue to receive their payments (out of the general fund of the state, instead of the Vets., Fund) 'and both parties are pledged to the- restoration of the fund. In -February; one legislator explained why such a fund would not pass then, and his ana- lysis apparently still holds true: many of the legislators were scared of the opposition to the measure expressed by the leaders of several of the major veterans groups. is necessary. The Republicans in the Senate have decided that the logical solution would be to tie both issues together and solve them both at once. This would be fine except that the Republi- cans in the Legislature disagree with the gov- ernor, the Legislature's Democrats and Ann Arbor Republican Representative George W. Sallade so completely that no compromise is immediately in sight. HERE LIES the second major complication. The problem is two-fold. Many of the con- servative legislative Republicans have a hatred of the Governor which is nearly pathological. It would be a charity to think that they were merely delaying reaching a compromise with the Governor until Williams received sufficient unfavorable publicity to ruin his presidential chances and destroy his political power in the state. However, even aside from this, there is a serious problem blocking a compromise. The honestly-held political convictions of the dom- inant Republican group in the Legislature are extremely conservative. The honestly-held poli- tical convictions of the Governor, and the Legislative Democrats, are mderately liberal. There is a fantastically large gap between these two views. Ever since Gov. Williams took office in 1948, there has been constant friction between these two groups. But until now a showdown has been avoided by stop gap taxa- tion measures ("Michigan's- patch-work tax crisis" is a nationally-known phrase). BUT THE TAX structure won't take much more patching. Some kind of showdow is inevitable - and after that a major reform of the tax structure. But here lies another major complication. Republican Representative Rollo Conlin; chairman of the House tax committee headed a non-partisan citizen's study committee to' make recommendations. This committee came up with an apparently fair and intelligent plan. Thus far, there has been only one result of this group's work com- ing from Republicans: two GOP legislators wrote a letter to Michigan State University's president, John Hannah, recommending the firing of a faculty member who had helped write the committee's final report and includ- ed an almost universally accepted economic principle - taxes tend to redistribute wealth. This, the legislators concluded, was Marxist doctrine; so, Hannah must fire the man. Presumably, these men were perfectly sin- cere. It is somewhat difficult to imagine that these gentlemen will ever become reconciled to' the New Deal, let alone the Fair Deal - or Governor Williams, THESOLUTION to this problem would be to try, as best as possible, to reconcile their differences until the next election. Then the voters could decide. But here lies the basic complication. The majority of the voters of the state have in six consecutive elections favored Governor Williams - and, presumably, his policies. But the- state voting districts are severely gerry- mandered. The conservative Republicans are entrenched in power in the Legislature. And a moderate liberal - whether Democrat or Re- publican seems destined to occupy the "front office." THE ONLY SOLUTION seems to be emer- gency federal aid - even the disaster is political and not natural. By controlling the state's purse strings, the President - or the Secretary of Interior - could de facto run the state. The squabbling Governor and Legisla- ture would become mere puppets. The state would be well run - Michigan has an excel- lent civil service. In a few years when the present political generation is replaced, a constitutional con- vention could be called - and Michigan could formulate an effectively functioning govern- ment. -JAMES SEDER --"aa :;' _ i . +I . r+ .i'_.v. ;syn. ... . / iR *>Igcg H rasasx c . PROFESSOR, STUDENTS COMMENT: West Germans Favor Reunifiation DURING TBAT same month, the immediacy of the crisis was postponed by the over- whelming response of Michigan industry to the Governors' plea that they pay their taxes early (a procedure which cost these businesses a great deal of money which otherwise could be profitably invested). But this source is now ex- hausted. Many of these companies have al- ready pre-paid: taxes through June. But while a cash windfall such as the Vets Fund proposal would certainly relieve the im- mediate pressure, even this proposal - which it appears won't even pass - would not "solve" the problem., The Vets Fund contains slightly over $43 million dollars. This, added to the $23 million the state already has, would make. $66 million -- only a little over half of the state's outstanding obligations. But the. state could probably scrape by with this amount - if it knew that additional, tax revenues were coming in. BUT HERE lies the first major complication. .Last Wednesday night the Governor' spoke informally to the heads -of the various state department heads. In a "non-political" history of the crisis, the governor made the point that the generous action of industry might have actually hurt the state situation. It gave the Legislature a feeling - of security, and all the while the situation was rapidly deteriorating. The February money could not be used to pay all state obligations; it had to be conserved for. the most pressing and this built up increasing pressure of unpaid state obligations. Temporary cash is not enough for a perman- ent solution - in the form of more tax revenue By PHHP SHERMAN Daily Staff Writer 4o.,German government can renounce the right of the re- pressed portion of the German nation to decide their fate freely through self-determination." -Konrad Adenauer SUPPORT of reunification, Prof. James K. Pollock, chairman of the political science department said, is the basic fact of German political life. No party can succeed that rejects it. The party of Chan- cellor Konrad Adenauer, the Chris- tian Democratic Union, is of course in favor of reunification as are the Social Democrats, the princi- pal opposition party. Prof. Pollock pointed out that, in his opinion, an overwhelming majority of West Germans support the ideal. Amplifying Prof. Pollock's ob- servation were two German law students at the University. Helmut G. Alexy, Grad., said there "was no doubt" of support for reunifica- tion, but posed the question of how far Germans would go for reunifi- cation, since it will probably mean lower living standards, at least for a time in the West. Acknowledging some "indifference to political ideas" in a prosperous society, Alexy maintained that this factor would not militate against reuni- fication sentiment. He said political sentiment for reunification in Germany was not so passionate as that after World War I for recovery of the territories taken in the treaty of Versailles but that it would be a mistake to say it didn't, exist. Ger- mans are willing to wait for a time for a political settlement of the problem realizing the solution must be conceived in the general texture of European politics. ANOTHER GERMAN student, H. Christian Krueger, '59L, said there were practical -'differences between the two Germanies that might work against settlement, though he also said there was unanimous emotional support for the idea of reunification in West Germany. He listed economic, psy- chological- and political differ- ences. The Russians, he said, while utilizing East. Germany as a pri- mary producer in the satellite area, have seriously depleted its re- sources and increased the eco- nomic differential between the two areas. A decline of West German propriety is almost certain if re- unification takes place. (Alexy called this reason insufficient.) The characters of the East and West Germans differ, the former being influenced by Slavic forces while Western French ideas have been important to the latter. Also a possible division is the religious difference between the Protestant East and the Catholic West, Krueger said.. He predicted reunification would bring about a more socialistic gov- ernment in Germany. Krueger, however, added that none of these factors, either separately or pos- sibly combined, are sufficiently in- fluential in themselves to block reunification. Krueger, a Berliner, said senti- ment there was unanimous for re- unification but that opinion might be somewhat less pronounced in the Federal Republic itself. THE GERMAN political parties, of course, conform to this view- point. The Christian Democratic Union, the party of Adenauer, is the most pro-West, stamped with "Der Altes" belief in reunification. The Democratic Socialists also support reunification, Prof. Pol- lock said, but as it feels it is "the duty of the opposition to oppose" it makes ambivalent, meaningless proposals for solution of the Ger- man problem. As the opposition which has never been in power, Prof. Pollock commented, it has developed 'neither a sense of re- sponsibility nor policy unanimity. A new Socialist plan for reuni- fication specifies giving East Ger- many equal representation on groups to start reunification and would require no previous East- West agreement on security meas- ures. Between the two parties, recent elections in the Rhineland Palati- nate and lower Saxony, on the East German Border show incon- clusive results. Previous ratios of voter support were maintained by both parties. * * . WHEN reunification will come could only be answered by an opinion sampling inside the Krem- lin but two things seem certain. As long as Germany remains separated there will be trouble in Central Europe. There is every in- dication, for instance, that the Berlin crisis, in its present sim- mering form, will keep up for many years to come. The other is that, despite many claims to the contrary, Russia, and not the danger of a reunified! Germany,, should be the primary concern of the West. To forget this, and not work whole-heartedly for reunification is only going to compound the problems of the already beleagured Western allies. mind, inexcusable. Ironically, this performance was given "in mem- ory of the composer." Robert Courte, of the Univer- sity School Of Music, gave an as- sured and sensitive account of the solo viola part. What finesse could be attributed to the per- formance was the contribution of Mr. Courte, but he was outmanned from. the start. Poulenc's "Secheresses" fared better, possibly becuase it is not. so fragile. It sounded as 'though it might be an interesting piece,. given a chorus- that produced a well-defined z tone. The Choral Union 'this year is certainly not that group.. Surely,: even when dealing with mui- of the difficulty, of- "Sech- eresses,' some time could be found, in a semester's practicing to con- centrate tn such elementary mat- tees as breath support,. tonal. fo- cus and projection. * * *' AFTER intermission, the orches- tra was joined by thei young vio. linist Sidney Harth, who gave a magnificent performance of Pro- kofiev's Second Violin Concerto. Mr. Harth played 'with superb rhythmic control and a. sureness of intonation unmatched by most other violinists -before the public today. Passage after passage of ferocious technical difficulty was tossed off with little more than a. raised .eyebrow. But his performance was not merely a- technical tour de force, for HaIth played with a thorough command of the score's intellec- tual and emotional inflections.He even managed to work ups more than the usual sympathetic- sup- port from the orchestra, which, during an evening of disasters was, awe-inspiring. Clearly, Mr. Harth is an artist of the most remark- able capabilities; The audience was soon brought back to the reality that this was the Choral Union's night, how- ever, with a performance of Cha- brier's uninhibited "Fete polon- aise," in inimitable Choral Union CINEMA GUILD: Un usua 'Des"ie TIME OF Desire" is an unusual motion, picture, unusual in that it treats an "unmentionable" theme without evasion, without bias, without malevolence. The -.theme is the sexual love of two sisters for one another. When the -younger sister, Ragni, meets, Algot, an ex-convict, itappears that she has merely been biding h1er time until the right man came; her sis- ter Lilly, in her unspeakable frus- tration at having lost her lover, 'resorts at first' to somewhat un- convincing heartbreak and later to baptism. Ragni becomes preg- nant; when Algot asks her- to marry him, she refuses: she does not love him. Algot leaves for Stockholm; Ragni returns to Lilly and has her child; and although they speak of "a new life," it is fairly apparent that the new life will not be much different from the old. There is a parallel drawn be- tween the sisters and the Biblical wise and foolish virgins, but the parallel' is superficial and. only treated at short length; at any rate, it would be debatable as to which sister was the wise and which the foolish. The "message" of the film, spoken by the pastor, is also Biblical and more directly bearing upon the action: it is a plea for tolerance, "for all have sinned and come short of the glory of God." EVEN WITH such a loaded topic. the. picture is- still a curiously un- moving mirror, perhaps because it is completely free from sentimen- tality; the- imperturbability with which .'the camera records' is., a-. superb achievement. The excellent photography is at its best in land- scapes and portraits, and in sey- eral critically placed extreme close-ups. Of - paticular note are the studies of the face and bodyIof Nile, the young man who first sees Ragni and Lilly making love, and who is: a bystander to much of the proceedings. Sex symbolism is omnipresent: the - horses that the girls' father trains, lotus blossoms, the rain, pouring over a cleft in a pile of rocks. :is wife being dead, the:- father has sexual escapades with all the hired girls; they are handled realistically and, with a touch of humor. It is amazing that with all.' the treatment of sex the film ar. fords, it is not at all an - aphro- disiac. Perhaps the Inglish sub-titles tone the Swedish fiAn down, but as it stands, it is difficult to see why the film was banned at its last showing. Perhaps its chief merit is that it,:treats its theme at. all' and considers female .hoosexu ality an acceptable topic of dis- cussion on a level' above that of misconception and prejudice. --Fred Schaen I sytle. AT -Charles Sherman THE MICHIGAN: I "ia LETTERS TO THE EDITOR: - Bikes Cause Pedestrian Problems What Price,. Diplomacy. THE AFFAIR centering around Mrs. Clare Booth Luce has engendered more laughter than anything else. And there is, admittedly, a certain amount of humor in the whole epi- sode involving the too-talkative Mrs. Luce. But the laughter, heightened by her resig- nation yesterday, in reality is the result of in- grained cynicism, and the humor is actually rather grisly. For the whole thing is just one more indication of the bankruptcy of Ameri- can diplomacy - or, more accurately, one more proof that nothing was ever invested in this area in 'the first place. As now constituted, the United States diplo- matic corps, is a patchwork affair comprised of businessmen, party devotees, unsuccessful candidates and, ever so occasionally, a real live career diplomat. Unfortunately, the latter are as rare as a dry' day in Ann Arbor, and their presence in the higher echelons is so. necessary social and political functions often. soar high above the career man's pocketbook and expense account, and so men with inde- pendent incomes are recruited and given these positions. Of course, it may be said with justice that the day of diplomatic initiative is gone, that under the rules of the game being played now, a diplomat need only smile, make friends, be for the sound of the telephone from Washing- ton. Certainly, no United States ambassador, however much experience he has had, is per- mitted to make his own decisions. And per- generally agreeable, and keep his ear attuned haps all that is really needed is a charming woman to perform the necessary social func- tions. A nPERHAPS re is needed. Perhaps what the United States needs now, more than 'S. To the Editor: IN REGARD to a letter by Messrs. Bastian and Arneson, concerning the bicyclist vs. pedestrian situa- tion, perhaps one should consider, the other point of view-that of the bicycle rider. What with spring weather drawing hordes of stu- dents outdoors, it becomes increas- ingly more difficult for the rider-to weave his way through such crowds; the "pedestrians" scarcely seem to care whether they are" knocked down or not. A prime ex- ample of such a situation fre- quently occurs on the Diag. "But I digress"-the letter stated that one of tht authors was "near- ly clobbered by a bicycle emerging from a line of halted cars, and speeding through a stop-sign." Many students cannot get from one class to another on time without a vehicle of some sort, and, what with the restrictions on, and the expenses of, cars-many students resort to the bicycle as a means of transportation. Anyone who rides a bicycle in campus traffic soon learns that neither the automobile nor the pedestrian in- tends to give the bicyclist a break, unless there happens to be some follow the old adage: Look before you leap! --Nancy Frye, '60SM Mbya To the Editor: ANYONE who had not attended the distinguished lecture of the African leader Tom Mboya last Friday afternoon might be mis- led, in my opinion, by the front page article in last Saturday's Daily. Not that the facts stated were incorrect, but the reviewer missed the point in emphasizing the "violent means" aspect of Mr. Mboya's speech. Mr. Mboya is a strong adherent to non-violence and stressed this again and again in his speech. He also stated that his main purpose in coming to America is "to ex- plain the African personality." This was not mentioned in the story. Would it not be possible for The Daily to print, in part at least, some of the most significant speeches given on campus? In this. way misunderstanding would be minimized and the significant: message of our guest speakers could reach a wider audience. -Jack C. Schuman 'Imitatio n A LTHOUGH.the current screen adaptation.of Fanny Hurst's pansy fresh "Imitation of Life" will undoubtedly generate con-, siderable ,interest and appeal to the matinee contingent, the more discriminating and sophisticated viewer will justifiably find Uni-. versal International's glistening extravaganza a grandiose disaster, quite unforgettable and quite un- forgi-veable. While there are many reasons accounting for "Imitation of Life" bursting forth as spring's most spectacular black orchid, credit author Fanny Hurst -for contribu- ting a share far beyond the call of duty. It is not every day that a writer is able to successfully inte-' grate the stock success drama, the inevitaale love triangle and the turgid tale of a young Negro pass- ing herself off as white. But then one must not underestimate the talents of Miss Hurst or her ability in conceiving the glowing ,literary .:emulsion. Indeed she is4 an inter- esting craftsman. And when she waves her magic wand, over pro- ceedings such- as "Imitation of Life,'-poof. CREDIT must also be extended to producer Ross Hunter for re- markable hindsight. In an era when the K motion picture is sup- posed to be coming of age, it- requires a courageous man to pile cliche upon cliche and pass the product off as frank adult trauma. And who else but the shrewdly calculating Mr. Ross could achieve 'such expert casting,. Placing the' aging- Lana Turner against the Senimore Says..* DAILY OFFICIAL DIJLLTIN The Daily Official Bulletin is an official p't.eatkmaon of The Univer- - sity of Michigan for which The Michigan Daily assumes no edi- torial responsibility. Notices should be sent In TYPNWRITTEN form to Roam 3519 Administration Build- -Ing, before 2 p.mn. the flay preceding publication. Notices for Sunday Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday. SATURDAY, MAY 2, 159 VOL. LXIX, NO. 151 General Notices Teaching Candidates registered with. Bureau of Appts. interested in chart- ered- flight and group tour of Europe contact the Bureau for info. Flight leaves Detroit°July 5 and returns Aug. 12. Round tripstre is $360. Group tour, optional; includes' travel in five coon- x