"Oh, Yes-Things Are Ticking Right Along" 01ly mtdiigatu Daily Sixty-Ninth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN "When opinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Truth Win Prevaul" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This mnust be noted in all reprints. WEDNESDAY, MARCH 11, 1959 NIGHT EDITOR: JOAN KAATZ Individual Comes First In onsidering Rushing SPRING RUSH is worth the aggrayation it batable whether it is really worth considering. causes Panhellenic and other organizations. Limiting of friends is not best- for the indi- Of vital importance in the endless arguments vidual and runs counter to the educational concerning the time of year sorority rushing purposes that supposedly brought her here. The should be held, is the individual freshman wo- learning experience of the individual shouldf Inan..She can benefit from the additional time be the number one consideration.- in the dormitory before being committed to an FOR A CHANGE organizations should forget affiliated housing unit. Not only does she have their own welfare and consider the indi- the opportunity to meet others in her dormi- vidual first. As long as organizations, can func- tory on an "ungrouped" basis, but she has an tion without upsetting their entire set-up they opportunity to review her decisions on rushing should adapt to what's best for the individual. and to add to her knowledge of the various Of course things run more smoothly if they houses. are not interrupted in the middle of the year, These aspects give the woman a break - she but the solution lies very simply in recalendar- isn't tied down to a decision made before school ing events to fit in with such a schedule. The started or shortly after arrival. mechanics of spring rush have been worked out as demonstrated by the last two years - in N THEIR FIRST semester of University liv- fact this year improved on the last. ing, women meet and get to know a larger, Sororities are able to "make a go of it" more diverse group than they would have met financially in the spring, just as they are able had they rushed in the fall. This opinion was to fill their houses - as shown by the over strongly supported by the Assembly-Panhellen- 600 women who were pledged this last rushing tc Rushing Study Report. period. Other freshmen women said they would have There is no need to change the time of rush- made closer friends, ones with more similar ing - Leave it as it is and give the individual interests if they had affiliated in the fall. How- a chance to grow. ever, even though this was expressed by a -ELIZABETH ERSKINE significant minority of women polled, it is de- Associate Personnel Director Calm Down, Move On THE TRUMPETS are sounding all in- Grades of freshmen women do drop during terested and opinionated students are ur- spring rush, but they probably would do like- gently being called . . . and the great show- wise with fall rush. Friends tend to influence down on women's deferred rush is about to a rushee's decision more with deferred rush, begin. but then the freshmen supposedly knows more After two years of a. trial run and one year about dorm living after a semester there. These of rushing study report, the 'great' powers are factors all enter the problem, but in the long- ready to decide upon the merits of fall vs, run they probably balance each other out. spring rush. What is likely to evolve into a circus will be held in the Union ballroom . . . THE ULTIMATE decision will depend on how and constituents will be given a full hour to air many persons somewhat rationally, but their emotions. mostly emotionally, believe in fall rush. Organ- Somehow, the hullabaloo surrounding the ization leaders emphasize the benefits of the whole event seems to have grown out of pro- group, more than the benefits of the individual. portion. Basically the same issue debated two Sorority women are interested in maintaining years ago still exists. The problem boils down the present number and size of sororities. Fra- to balancing the interests of sorority women ternities are likely to support the affiliates' against those of the rushees, some of whom motion. The balancing factor will come from will be independent women ultimately. those unattached, undecided individuals . . THE RUSHING STUDY report is certainly a and these are few. valiant effort at clearing the issues. But At the present there is little more conclusive when it comes to using the data to make a evidence that supports spring rush over fall policy decision, the figures confirm the beliefs than there was two years ago. Likewise, de- of those favoring the adjustment period for laying the problem for at least another year freshmen women. The report also supports will not, in all probability, alter it. those who said that sorority women in the main would oppose deferred rush with or with- Let's fold the tent on the circus, stop the out a two-year wait because of the inherent trumpet-playing, and send home all those emo- difficulties in a spring rush system. tionally involved people . . . and then settle The individual rushee does benefit from the what has become a small issue in a quiet man- adjustment allowed by a deferred system. The ner. Once the fanfare over the small point sorority houses suffer, being unable to make ends . . . then SGC could move on to more their quotas or meet finances. Organizations important items. , run more smoothly with fall rush. -JOAN KAATZ INTERPRETING THE NEWS: Berlin Fits' Pattern ( bLF K M S'Z A7 I 'ma ,. "MC~ / so-,V ABUSE FROM ALL SIDES: Tough Listening For the Legislators By ROGER LANE Associated Press Lansing Correspondent LANSING-If Michigan lawmakers were a sensitive lot they would be measured up for dunce caps last weekend at their favorite haber- dasheries-or holing up out of sight of the local citizenry. In the last few days, they have been roundly abused from diverse directions for blowing a chance to hit on a borrowing formula foi easing the state's steadily worsening cash emergency. Gov. G. Mennen Williams, along with the State of Michigan, took some wallops, too-and winced. But aside from the routine partisan blasts in Lansing, mostly they came from out of staters who knew little " IK qua ,- y[ , ,j j t / . 'f( i !" Yg . C , _ y F' . . i :; , { . n . FEAR RED REPRISALS: Overseas Chinese Withhold Funds of the legislature and probably care less. The lawmakers took their most stinging lumps from a newspaper, a small college official and Detroit's mayor, all bystanders to the futile struggle of recent weeks. A Detroit metropolitan news- paper last week was moved to sug- gest, facetiously of- course, that they resign en masse, along with the governor and his fellow ad- ministrators. * * * "THEY ALL WANT to pass the buck to the people," it was said. "If a people's mandate is what official Lansing wants, our plan provides the ideal way to obtain it (by running for their seats again April 6)." There were some long faces as the suggestion was read at Senate desks. E. H. Munn, director of the Hillsdale College Education De- partment, observed the Legisla- ture's feuding and inaction was "just about as shameful and poli- tically base as one could possibly expect." Munn's letter was read to House colleagues by Rep. Frederic J. Marshall (R-Allen). It was re- ceived in glum silence. Other legislators, usually glib about the contents of their mail when a tax issue is warming up, On Wednesday, Mayor Louis C. Miriani of Detroit, testifying on the welfare problem, volunteered that legislative fumbling was "irri- tating" him and everyone else -in the state. His digression was cut short by Sen. Elmer R. Porter (R-Blissfield) with a reminder that Miriani was called in to discuss a different sub- ject. EVEN ONE of the members of the legislative fraternity got into the act, weary after nearly three hours and 20,000 words of speech- making one night on an issue that he and others who took part knew was dead as a mummy. After many of the orators dwelt on their tender concern for the "little people," Sen. Patrick J. Doyle (D-Dearborn) blurted out: "After listening to this debate, I am inclined to. think that the 'little people' of Michigan are the ones in the legislature." Who was really to blame for the borrowing fiasco? Gov. Williams? Republican house leaders? Demo- cratic legislative leaders? The "let Williams stew in his own juice" school, strong on the GOP side of the Senate? Even historians with plenty of hind-sight would have a hard time making up their minds from the confusing, contradictory record. But as they scattered for a week- end respite, at least some of the thinner-skinned lawmakers prob- ably wondered whether the lam- basting they took might echo sentiments of a sizeable number of constituents back home. LETTERS to the EDITOR To the Editor: I WAS RATHER surprised to read M. Carduner's letter in yester- day's Daily complaining about the Campus United Nations debate. It seems to me that M. Carduner, not the Arabs, is "naive." Though I am not the Arab student M. Car- duner quoted, he did tell me that, if he were the French foreign min- ister, the Arabs would have no problems with the French. M. Car- duner supported the amended resolution, voted by 35 nations, only six of which are Arab. I won- der who is "naive" after all? As to the Arabs who do not understand the Algerian problem, M. Carduner is very mistaken. Neither Bourguiba 'nor Moham- med V is the representative of the Algerian people, as he seems to feel. The only, people with whom the French should deal are the Algerian people, who are a part of the Arab nation which extends from the Atlantic to the Persian Gulf. This is the fact that all Western nations, including France should recognize. Though not wanting to discuss the entire debate, records of which are available, I would like, for those who were not present, to mention two points. First, M. Carduner in his letter did not hesitate to include his own "two cents worth" for "La Grande Na- tion" and President de Gaulle. Second, I would like to com- ment on another point, which I also covered in the debate itself. How can the great country of France give economic aid to the Algerian people when France it- self is in such miserable econom- ic and political condition? Where is France going to get the money for financial aid? Is it not the generosity of the American tax- payer that supplies France with the billions of dollars needed to maintain itself as "La Grande Na- tion"? Since a fraction of this American aid, I assume, will go to Algeria, why does not the United States deal directly with the Algerian people, eliminating the useless middleman, France. I am sure that in this way, the Al- gerian people themselves will get the aid instead of the colonies and the gallant 400,000 French sol- diers. This aid will help to elimin- ate the misery of 129 years of oc- cupation, under the guidance of a minority comprising 10 per cent of the population. Is 10 per cent a large enough minority, M. Car- duner, to cause the 90 per cent to suffer? -Hassan A. Ibrahim, Grad. / . By ROY ESSOYAN Associated Press Correspondent HONG KONG' - The Chinese Communists are strangling one of the geese that lays their golden eggs. Their establishment of people's communes has led to a drastic drop in the remittances Overseas Chinese traditionally send home to relatives in China. Over-all figures are unavailable. The Communist Bank of China guards its books jealously. But according to a survey throughout Southeast Asia the drop amounts to several million dollars in hard currencies that the Peiping regime badly needs. * * * ESTIMATES of the normal flow of funds through Hong Kong, the biggest funnel for remittances to Red China, range all the way from three to eight million dollars a month. This has been cut from 40 to 80 per cent since the com- munes were established, according to unofficial estimates in Hong Kong. Estimates from other areas vary. The Foreign Exchange Control Bureau in Singapore reports re- mittances dropped about 50 per cent in November and December, from a normal equivalent of $670,- 000 to $380,000 a month. A spokesman for the 500,000 Overseas Chinese in the Philip- pines says remittances from that area have been reduced to a trickle. Saigon reports Chinese in Viet Nam' have practically given up trying to send money home. In nearly every case the reasons given are identical: the Overseas Chinese are afraid the money won't reach their relatives. And if it does they're afraid the relatives will not beable to use it or, if they do, that it will be held against them. * * * THESE FEARS are founded on reports from Communist China it- self. In the first few months of the communes program there was much talk of confiscating bank accounts. Communist Party offi- cials declared money had lost its value, that the state would supply everything. Chinese who received money from abroad were de- nounced. Since then the Peiping regime has condemned these statements as "excesses." It says now that bank accounts will be preserved and remittances from abroad re- spected. But Overseas Chinese fear it protests too much. Several of them report sending experimental remittances in the last few months. In some cases, they say, nothing was heard; in other cases, guarded letters sug- gested the remittances be discon- tinued. The Chinese communes are radical Communistic organizations covering all of rural China. Each has several tens of thousands of members and runs on a semi-mili- taristic basis all agriculture, in- dustry as well as all cultural, poli- tical and even military activity within its area. The communes usually control all land, housing and other property and dictate how their members shall work and live - even down to how many hours they shall sleep. FEW CHINESE abroad are will- ing to be quoted by name for fear of reprisals against their relatives in China. But their overwhelming reaction to the communes system appears to be one of revulsion. Their main objection is that it destroys China's traditional fam- ily way of life. An official of the Federated Chinese Chambers of Commerce in the Philippines describes the communes as "a huge slave camp - the shame of the civilized world." A Hong.Kong leader says a Hun- garian-type peasant revolution is inevitable. But there are those who say that in a matter of years the Chinese will have forgotten his traditional family system and become a willing worker for the state. i 1 4 FORMER RESIDENTS COMMENT: Africans Move BY J. M. ROBERTS -} Associated Press News Analyst NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV'S footwork in the past few weeks has inspired Everett Dirksen, Senate Republican leader, to remark that "he changes position as fast as the slots in a re- volving door." To many observers, this merely means that the Soviet premier is full of chicanery. Any objective analysis, considering Soviet purposes, must nevertheless credit the Kremlin leader with rather astonishing versatility. For 10 years one of the most immediate Communist objectives, directly connected with the whole theme of world conquest, has been to weaken NATO and eliminate it if possible. Khrushchev, working for the neutralization of West Berlin, would like to make it an ini- tial step toward neutralization of West Ger- many. Falling that, he would like to begin the Com- munist infiltration of West Germany by ex- tending Russian occupation prerogatives into West Berlin through his four-power military control suggestion, without offering the West similar rights in East Berlin. Editorial Staff RICHARD TAUB, Editor MICHAEL KRAFT JOHN WEICHER Editorial Director City Editor DAVID TARR Associate Editor DALE CANTOR ...................Personnel Director JEAN WILLOUGHBY .... Associate Editorial Director ALAN JONES ....................... Sports Editor BEATA JORGENSON .........Associate City Editor ELIZABETH ERSKINE ... Associate Personnel Director SI COLEMAN................. Associate Sports Editor DAVID ARNOLD-................Chief Photogranher FOR MORE than a year one of the formal objectives of the international Communists has been to rebuild the bridges burned years ago between Communism and Socialism. First he encourages political pressure in Britain to make the British Prime Minister visit Moscow, then treats him in a fashion .which he hopes will please the British Social- ist leftwingers. It didn't work, but Khrush- chev tried to send Macmillan home wrapped in futility, probably in the hope of influencing British politics in favor of the Socialists. He has just tried to increase the split be- tween West Germany's ruling Christian Demo- crats and the Socialists by conferring with the Socialist leader on German problems as he has not done, at least in several years, with the German Chancellor, ONE OF THE chief Soviet objectives is to ex- pand its international trade not only for the goods it needs, but also to increase its power gradually in world affairs, and through contracts to supply a rug which can be jerked out from under other economies in any time of crisis. This objective has been pursued through the Mikoyan visit to the United States, through arrangements for a British trade mission to Moscow, through contacts and tributes to western business at the Leipzig Fair and in countless other ways. Increased economic co- operation with underdeveloped countries has just been promised through the United Nations and unilaterally. Russia wants to be rid of the fear of a re- surgent Germany. This is a facet of all the neutralization and disengagement talks spon- sored by the Soviets and the Poles. These angles are only the beginning of the list. For a long time now Khrushchev has been keeping the free world off balance with shift- Ing r m n t 7Nf.n An+o - - a ei h n xnilnn_ Toward Full Independence By PHILIP SHERMAN Daily Staff Writer AFRICA is a land of turmoil. Saturday, there were fresh re- ports of rioting in Nyasaland. Last month, the scene of agitation was the Belgian Congo and before that, Kenya and Tangynika. In all of these native distubances, there are certain common denomi- nators. Nyasaland is a case in point. The British joined the small central African country to the white-dominated Rhodesias seyeral years ago in an attempt -to create a strong central African nation. However, the predominant Negro population of Nyasaland, led by Hastings Banda, self-characterized "radical of radicals" demurred and has now set off a chain of violence. Nyasaland, though it is landlocked and self-supporting, now demands national independence. Dr. James Conway, a visiting scholar born in Southern Rhode- sia, explained that the purpose of federation was not the oppression of the Nyaslnd Negroes as Banda alleges. Federation, Dr. Conway said, was supported with the ideal of increasing the power of central Africa to resist the Union of South Africa and to increase the eco- nomic power of the region. Keep- ing Union influences out, he added, would protect the Negroes. THIS IN MANY ways summar- ized the moderate British approach to the African problem. Britain and the majority of British set- tlers, Dr. Conway noted, recognize the no1 fo vaisinoL the leveo nf vantage. He also said that the Negro must see definite progress towards the goal of equality and that the white man should be made to see the value of Negro progress. These tasks wopld take perhaps five generations, Dr. Con- way estimated. Both Dr. Conway and Prof. Don- ald Livingstone of the department of mathematics, a native South African, emphasized the need for basing this progress upon the in- digenous African cultures. West- ernization, they said, tended to push the African from his tribal ways and morals without giving him any new value system. The Negro, deprived of his traditional fixed points, is put into a state of flux, often wandering aimlessly through life. This, Prof. ,Living- stone, pointed out, is reponsible for the appalling slum conditions in the bigger cities of the Union. BOTH MEN proposed answers to this problem. Dr. Conway said that the African was going through period of adolescence and might be expected to act in strange ways. The white man would have to act as a patient parent, leading the Africans forward as rapidly as pos- sible. He admitted that many prob- lems would be created in doing this, but said they would have to be solved as they arose. Time is required, he said. And it is more time than the African will concede. Prof. Livingston's solution is closer to that of the Afrikaner nationalists in the Union of South Africa, though Prof. Livingstone emphasized that he did not agree with the contemporary "apar- theid" he said, 'the ideal which he supported was the development of two separate but equal community structures in the Union, white and Negro. The purpose of separating the two races would be to allow the Negro to develop on the basis of his own culture, he said. The gov- ernment would provide funds for the construction of universities, hospitals and other services for the Negro areas, giving themeans for gradual development. ONLY SLOW change, he empha- sized, taking into account the background of the native would be ultimately successful. Prof. Living- stone admitted tnat the white population of South Africa was afraid of possible Negro domina- tion and especially eschewed the possibility of intermarriage. This, he explained, has prompted the more repressive legislation against the Negroes. Were the natives to gain ascendency in the Union, the argument runs, (and this fear is not confined to the Union alone) they might oppress and destroy , the white man. Both Prof. Livingstone and Dr. Conway, who called the present Afrikaner actions an "attempt to turn back the clock," thought the policy would ultimately fail. Prof. Livingstone called the present pol- icy of complete geographic separa- tion economically impractical and doubted the ability of the South African government to. pay for its avowed aims, if indeed it was sin- cere. The Negroes of course are certain that the Afrikaners never 4-_-_«.i 4- - -- ninwf n - - el n a The Africans do not want to wait for these, but demand them now. Belkhodja especially emphasized the word "cooperation" saying that the Africans realized that the white man and his capital had an important and necessary part to plan in African development. Belk- hodja's is a moderate view; there are also Negroes as radical in their one direction as the Afrikaner na- tionalists in theirs. In the last analysis, however, the British policy, well-conceived and sympathetic to the African as it is will unfortunately lose out be- cause' the Africans are not willing to wait for a stable foundation to be laid. Slower remedies have even less chandce. The Africans want to try their own, and since they have built a virtually unstoppable na- tionalist movement, they will, for better or worse, get the chance they want, DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN The Daily Official Bulletin is an official publication of The Univer- sity of Michigan for which The Michigan Daily assumes no -edi- torial responsibility. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3519 Administration Build- ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding publication. Notices for Sunday Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday. tmTenVV..AC 1LAV ARCM11 195O l* ; / ,, S WIM