Sunday, November IT, 1968 THE MICHIGAN DAILY Page Three Sunday, November 17, 1968 THE MICHIGAN DAILY Page Three Dial All Day 5-6290 C 'Sunday $1 .75I Shows at 1 :00-3:45-6:30-9:15 p.m. 7 NOW FORiTHE FIRST TIME AT POPULAR PRICES Direct from its reserved-seat engagement. Wunner of 3 Academy Awards TECHNICOLOR*PANAVISION* From WARNER BROS-SEVEN ARTS SUBSCRIBE TO THE MICHIGAN DAILY 'SECOND GENERATION New birth control methods seen Today's advanced new science of birth control is giving birth to its own large new family of scien- tific "children." The Pill and the IUD -intrauter- ine devices) are top results from this modern contraceptive science. But already on the way is a second generation of new ap- proaches that may bring safe and sure newer methods of birth con- trol. -Small dose pills that may cause fewer unwanted reactions than the present pills. -Single-shot injections or im- planted hormone capsules that might prevent pregnancy for months to a year or many years. "Morning after" pills for women who don't take or who forget regular pills. -Contraceptive pills for men. -Vaccinations for women, or even men, against conception. These promising developments are based upon deepening under- standing of the intricate and deli- cate processes through which within a woman's body, an ovum or egg is prepared and released each month for possible fertiliza- tion, and numerous other condi- tions that cont\ibute to a suc- cessful marriage of the ovum and viable sperm. "Considering the myriad steps and interdependent actions which must take place for conception, it is almost unbelievable that the human species has been able to reproduce itself at a rate which threatens world safety," says Dr. Harry W. Rudel, of the Population Council in New York City. The better insights being won into these complicated actionsl now offer new and different ways of interrupting the process. The IUD-for reasons not yet clearly know-prevents pregnancy, perhaps by preventing a fertilizedI eg from becoming implanted in the lining of the uterus or womb. IUD's are plastic or stainless steel' coils that are inserted into the uterus. The present pills are either a combination or a sequence of synthetic forms or two key female hormones, estrogen and pro- gesterone. These pills prevent ovulation, the monthly release of an egg. . Investigation of still other ways of assuring birth control is being ,spurred on in many laboratories, ,with grants from the National In- stitutes of Health, the Ford Foun- dation, and numerous other sour- ces. An account of five major lines of research follows. " Micro-dose pills: These contain only a proges- tin, one of the synthetic forms of progesterone. The woman taking them still releases an egg at the usual time in her monthly cycle, but she does not become pregnant. Taken every day, such pills do not interfere with her normal balance of natural hormones, Dr. Rudel explains. But her fertility is affected in a desired way. "It is like using a little grain of sand to interfere with an in- tricate mechanism, rather than using sledgehammer," he says. Among 1,123 women in Mexico taking this kind of pill during 13,202 menstrual cycles, only six became pregnant, Dr. Jorge Mar- tinez-Manatou and Dr. Rudel found. A drawback to the mini-dose pills is that they frequently cause iregutlar bleeding and irregularities in the monthly cycle. Advantages are that hopefully they .do not produce changes in the bloodclot- ting mechanism that might bring on dangerous blood clots, nor do they cause as many other side ef- fects as present pills. With micro-dose pills, a woman doesn't have to keep the calendar in mind. She takes them every day, not for 20 or 21 days and, then a week's halt. * "Shots" and Hormone im- plants: Since small doses work, another approach is to put the doses all together into a long-lasting single infection. or implant. At the Population Council, Drs. Rudel, Sheldon J. Segal and How- ard J. Tatum are developing a Silastic capsule filled with a pro- gestin. This kind of porous cap- sule permits steady, daily release of the hormone. Sealed at both ends, the Silastic capsule is about an inch long and about twice the diameter of the lead in a pencil. It can be placed under the skin with a needle under local anesthetic. The capsule could. contain enough hormone to prevent preg- nancy for a year or even many years. It could easily be removed when a woman decided she wanted to have a baby. " Morning-After Pills: On the horizon, from testing in animals and with some women, are morning-after pills in case of oversight or forgetfulness. Dr. John M. Morris of Yale University and Lr. Gertrude van Wagenen have been among leaders in this quest. They are studying pills contain- ing large doses of estrogen, or synthetic estrogens, or drugs that have similar effects. If taken within three or four days after the time when conception might have occurred during a women's fertile period, these pills appar- ently prevent the fertillzed egg from becoming implanted in the uterus. 0 Male Pills: Safe drugs that men could take that would prevent production of spermatazoa, or that would make sperms less vital, are being sought, and some potential candidates are looming from newer animal ex- periments. A few years, ago, prison volun- teers took drugs-diamme com- pounds-which were found to stop sperm . production within six to 10 weeks time. Normal fertility was restored five to 12 weeks after they stopped the pill-taking. * Vaccination: One curious finding of newer research is that some women be- come immune to pregnancy be- cause they produce antibodies to their husbands' sperms. This re- action is similar to that of vac- cination, with living or killed viruses or bacteria, against dis- eases. This line of investigation holds two potentials. One is to help some few baby-less women achieve their dreams of becoming mothers. The other is to use this phenomenon as a means of vaccinating women, or men, against having more chil- dren than they want and already have. I bear the poets REALI THEIR, THING you've read it in gnle ra tio n 11 , NOW hear them read it STUDENT-FACULTY; POETRY READING Professor Radcliffe Squires and Student Poets Lowest percentage voted for President, the news today by The Associated Press and College Press Service THE 15 ALLIES of the North Atlantic Treaty Organ- ization yesterday set up a new-zone of security interest in Europe and posted a warning to Moscow. A communique issued from a conference in Brussels con- demned the Soviet Union ,for its invasion of Czechoslovakia and warned against further "intervention in the affairs of other states." Simultaneously western statesmen led by Secretary of State Dean Rusk ordered a power buildup in the newly-con- ceived security zone, which" includes both Communist and neutral lands. NATO strategic experts in a parallel action laid emer- gency plans for the defense of such countries as Yugoslavia, Austria, and Albania in the event of "new Czechosovakias." STUDENTS IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA began a series of sit-in strikes yesterday to support demands that in- dividuals' freedoms be guaranteed by new government leadership. The Prague garrison of the Czech army was on emergency alert as police patrolled the capital's streets with submachine guns. The first strikes began in Prague suburbs and in Olo- mouc, central Moravia, as the Communist party Central Com- mittee met in its third day of conference. The committee is deciding the future course of Communist leadership in Czech- oslovakia. Some 3,500 students in the Agricultural University at suburban Suchdol occupied their campus' buildings late Fri- day. Specifically, the strikers are demanding freedom of in- formation, assembly, and foreign travel from the Communist party. PARTY LEADERS IN THE SENATE have plelged prompt action on the nuclear proliferation treaty when the new Congress convenes. Senate Republican leader Everett Dirksen and Demo- cratic leader Mike Mansfield have agreed to bring up the matter as quickly as possible in exchange for President John- son's pledge to not call a special session of the Senate. Sen. George Aiken (R-Vt.), ranking Foreign Relations Committee member, said he believes President Johnson wants approval of the measure before the inauguration of Richard Nixon Jan. 20. In his campaign, Nixon favored a delay in ratification of the treaty as part of Washington's response to the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. THOUSANDS OF PROTEST MARCHERS defied a government ban on demonstrations yesterday as they stormed inside the walls of Londonderry, Northern Ire- land. The marchers, mostly Catholis, accused the city govern- ment of religious discrimination, won their way into the city after a tense rock-throwing clash with hundreds of police and Protestant opponents. As the demonstrators massed inside the city's main square,' they cheered speakers condemning the city govern- ment for discriminating against Catholics, who make up two thirds of Londonderry's population. A 17-TON SPUTNIK was hurled into orbit yesterday, an official announcement from Moscow said. The craft is s a i d to be the world's largest unmanned scientific spaceship, and will study high-energy cosmic rays and electrons in the earth's atmosphere. The announcement came amid a series of spaceshots that western scientists say could be a prelude to a Soviet attempt to send men around the moon before Christmastime. * 0 0 PLEDGING ALLEGIANCE TO THE SOVIET UNION "for better or"for worse," Wladyslaw Gomulka was re- elected Polish Communist party leader in secret elections yesterday. The elections, which swept hard-line Gomulka support- ers into the policy-making politburo and central committee, signaled the demise of Foreign Minister Adam Rapacki. NORTH CAMPUS COMMITTEE with the endorsement of BURSLEY COUNCIL and IHA presents FA DING FALL, a quarterformal Dinner Dance featuring "The John Higgins Quintet" WASHINGTON (P) - T h e smallest percentage of voting-age Americans in-12 years cast ballots in the 1968 presidential election. An analysis of national totals shows t h e estimated 72 million people who voted Nov. 5 represent only 60 percent of the 120 million Americans of voting age. Not since 1956, when 60.5 per- cent of the voting-age population turned out, has t h e precentage been so small. That was the year Dwight D. Eisenhower was return- ed to the White House for a sec- ond term. Even if as many as one million ballots remain to be counted this year-a figure that is by no means certain-the turnout would be only 60.8 per cent. By comparison, the 70.6 mil- lion ballots cast in ,1964 repre- sented 62 per cent, and the 68.8 million votes in 1960 - the year President-elect Richard M. Nixon' lost to John F. Kennedy - was a record 63.8 per cent. The percentages are based on THURSDAY, NOV. 21 Bureau of the Census figures on the number of people in e a c h state eligible to register to vote. The age requirement is 21 in all states except Georgia and Ken- tucky, where it is 18; Alaska, 19, and Hawaii, 20. No over-all comparison between votes cast and actual registration is practical because some states keep no registration totals. A sur- vey conducted by The Associated Press last month indicated 90,141,- 438 persons were registered in all 50 states and the District of Co- lumbia. Using this unofficial figure, with about 99 per cent of the 1968 vote now' tabulated, t h e totals show slightly -less than 80 l er cent of the registered voters turned out on Election Day. Because no registration figures were estimated for past presiden- tial election years, there is no way to determine the percentage of registered voters to cast ballots in past years. The low turnout in 1968 pre- sumably indicated much public in- difference to the three major candidates - Republican Nixon, Democrat Hubert H. Humphrey and independent George C. Wal- lace. The over-all total might even have been less than in 1964 ex- cept for wide increases in four Southern states. 8:00 p.m. UGLI Multipurpose room It TICKETS UAC-Union Offices $8 per couple FREE Refreshments it NORTH CAMPUS Commons[ Nov. 22, 1968 6-11 p.m. 1 . 5o,0%l DIS UN ON OLD AND NEW MERCHANDISE Tuesday and Wednesday Only I Saturday and Sunday BIKE Boy Directed 1967, by Andy Warhol Starring Ann Arbor's own ANNE WEHRER 7:00 & 9:05 75c ARCHITECTURE AUDITORIUM 662-8871 1 qmmpffmmrmum DIAL 8-6416 Iedipa Rapacki had earlier this year and ministerial functions. 0 retreated from his party "An inventive comedy-a joy1 to watch!" N.Y. Times I NEW GRAIEFUL DEAD An album one year in the making ...and sonically advanced to the point of making you rediscover your body. The second coming of The Grateful Dead: now a fact of Life. -Next- BARBARELLA NO 2-6264 SHOWS E_" AT 7:10&9:20 1-3-5 _-=----_- 5th WEEK ______