Page Ten THE MICHIGAN DAILY Wednesday, September 1 1, 1968 THE MICHIGAN DAILY Wednesday, September 11, 1968 p e. STUDY SPRING VIOLENCE: Brandeis center predicts. racial trouble in schools' Grad schools unsure about draft (Continued from page one) draftables: women, veterans, and 1967. The law restricted deferable the physically disabled. and "essential" occupations to Other schools also feared that medicine, the ministry and those undergraduate education would the National Security Council suffer from the loss of graduate would designate as such. students who doubled as part-time 3 WASHINGTON (CPS)-On the basis of information gathered about riots and other disturbances in America last spring, Brandeis University's Lemberg Center for the Study of Violence has predict- ed that schools everywhere "will become the sites of racial violence" when they open this fall. A large number of the racial disturbances occurred in high schools as well as colleges, ac- cording to the study. By far the largest number occurred during the first week in April, in the days following the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (The total number of disorders in April ex- ceeded that for all of 1967.) Of the 91 school-involved dis- orders in April, 38 were confined to school buildings or campuses. In those instances, physical vio- lence was limited and injuries were slight. A second group of 29 in- cidents began in school buildings and spread to other areas of the community. This kind of disorder was generally more serious, in- volved more people (including non-students), spread over a wider area and caused more ar- rests, inJuries-even deaths. t The other 24 incidents were limited to window-smashing and fire-bombing, with schools only one of a series of targets. This group included students walkouts from* both high schools and col- leges. The Lemberg Center's, data (gathered for the most part from newspaper accounts and in some cases witnesses) indicates that Dr. King's assassination heightened existing tensions and grievances of students, and was important in precipitating disorders in April. The number of school disorders was already escalating sharply in the early months of 1968, the re- port says; that trend was only ac- celerated by the assassination and the feelings it caused in young people. The capacity for violence was present and important any- way. y The largest proportion of "school disorders' were only in- directly related to Dr. King's death, the researchers say. More directly related was student's re-, action to "insensitivity on the part oi school officials." Such in- sensitivity was already resented by students in many schools. The proverbial "last straw" in this case was some administrators' reactions to the assassination: as, for example when the principal of Denver Annunciation1 High School refused to lower the school's flag in honor of Dr. King, and when many schools would not *ancel classes the day of his funeral. On the basis of this year's and earlier research, the Center de- nied that violence in the schools' was only a temporary reaction to such violent and inflammatory events as Dr. King's assassination. "Unrest in the schools appears to be a general and long-range phenomenon, the sources of which might be sought in any or all of the following areas: the seacch, for exictement and action by1 youth, specific grievances directed at the quality of education and school facilities, and rising anta- gonism between white and black students." The magnitude of the April 1968 disorders t- which ranged from silverware-dropping in a school cafeteria to the destruction and looting in Washington D.C. - demonstrates the impossibility of attributing such outbreaks to simple causes, the Center staff, concludes. The random nature of forces that cause disturbances make predicting and controlling violence almost impossible. The report urged officials of; schools to study examples of the peaceful stemming of violence and solving of tense interracial situa- tions. Only through the employ- ment of such solutions, it said, not through "last-resort repression imposed by law-enforcement agen- cies," can solutions to problems be reached without violence. An eight month wait on the teachers. council's decision ended last The fears were translated into February. "Essential" disciplines: numbers by Mrs. Betty Vetter, none. executive director of the Scientific Men in their first year or just Manpower Commission, a private entering grad school were to lose organization of scientific societies. their student deferments and be She predicted a draft, during dumped into the 19-to-26-year- this academic year, of some 175,- old draft pool, most of them as 000 grad students. the oldest men in it. . , - with her - expects the Pentagon to end up drafting 120,000 more men than it now plans. HIGHER CALLS Annual draft calls have, in fact. averaged 100.000 higher than of-' ficial forecasts for the past three years, she points out. The other, and probably crucial, disagreement concerns the work- ings of the draft system itself. l Mrs. Vetter assumed the "oldest- first" draft would, in fact, con- sume all the older draft-eligibles everywhere before dipping down to those of tendered years. That's simply not the way it works, say Selective Servicez spokesmen. Each local board must, by law, draft first the oldest men in its boards with their aging students. Draft boards, meeting monthly, have hardly made a dent so far in the big job of reviewing not only student deferments, but also some 327,000 occupational deferments for which official guidelines had been removed by the same Na- tional Security Council decision. Almost all would-be grad stu- dents should be able to enroll this fall with little chance the draft would reach them for at least the next few months. Hershey has indicated - al- though there is no uniform policy -that those who get draft no- tices midway through a school term may have their induction postponed until the end of the term. The wave of graduate student inductions, therefore, probably won't begin to hit until February or even later. WANTED: Imaginative people to teach at creative secular Jewish Sunday School. Call Jewish Cultural School 663-7428 or 76' -8743 The law requires drafting the oldest first from each local pool. "The decision," said Logan Wil-: son, president of the American Council on Education, "m e a n s that most college graduates in 1968 and students ending t h e i r first year of graduate school in 1968 will be drafted in the near future."r Other educators warned of a 65' per cent cut in the incoming grad- uate class, with graduate schools catering increasingly to "women, older persons, those who have physical disabilities and, ironi- callyenough, foreign students." Groesbeck indicated this ten- dencY has shown up here also, al- though not consistently. He s a i d that each department is free to set its own admission require- ments, and some have begun shift- ing their policies in favor of "non- Pentagon estimates, even after F adjustments from the fiscal to the, academic year, indicated at most around 68,000 grad student draf- tees. DISCREPANCY own little draft pool when it re- Mrs. Vetter predicted the draft ceives a quota to fill. of an additional 101,000 recent SIZE NOT AGE graduates who were' not seeking But quotas are portioned out higher degrees; the Pentagon's by national and state headquar- adjusted numbers showed perhaps ters according to the size, not the 52,000. age pattern, of those local pools. While Mrs. Vetter's figures add- And college graduates are not ed up to a draft of 276,000 col- registered evenly among all draft lege graduates, the Pentagon said boards; they tend to bunch up in it planned to draft only 240,000 certain geographical areas, parti- men altogether - about half of cularly the affluent suburbs. them collegiates. Local boards with few or no That discrepancy alone points graduates must still fill their own to one of the main reasons w h y quotas, with younger men if, ne- the estimates don't match: Mrs. cessary; and as they do, they take Vetter - and here Hershey agrees some of the pressure off the other 4k Mot NwrAw i TRAIN OVERSEAS . ... in architecture, engineering or science I during summer vacation} OPENINGS FOR MALE CHILD CARE WORKERS -HAWTHORN CENTER Work-Experience Opportunity with Emotionally Disturbed Children. Hawthorn Center offers mature students a unique opportunity to work directly with disturbed children in a creative, well-supervised, in-patient treatment setting - a particularly rewarding experience for potential professional workers in Education Psy- chology, Social Work, My~edicine and related Be- havioral Sciences. Hours: 32 or 40 per "week. Must be able to work days and weekends. Potential openings on evenings and midnight shift. Age Requirement: Minimum-20 years. 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