SUNDAY
DAILY
See Editorial Page


Sir 43 CU

471 at ty

SNOW
High--2
Low-8
Cloudy, cold, chance
of snow

I

M -


''Vol. LXXX, Na. 84

Ann-Arbor, Michigan-Sunday, January 11, 1970

Ten Cents

Eight Pages

F


-Iht P -41-

I

New

PhD's

face tighter

job market in academia

By STEVE KOPPMAN
While the Christmas break was a
welcome vacation for. most students,
many doctoral candidates found the
recess with its attendant professional
meetings a traumatic experience.
At these nieetings, customarily a
place where hopeful future professors
meet department chairmen to discuss
job prospects, many graduate stu-
dents had their worst fears about the
tightness of the academic job mar-
ket confirmed.
A survey of department chairmen
here indicates that while in some
fields the demand for new professors
still outpaces t h e supply, doctoral.
candidates in most departments face
a job market tighter than any in re-
cent years.
The chairmen attribute this large-

ly to the increasing number of stu-
dents receiving doctorates, at the
same time that undergraduate en-
rollments a n d government support
of universities have begun to level
off after large increases in recent
years.
What the situation seems to mean,
they say, is that in m o s t depart-
ments, many doctoral candidates
will have to accept jobs which seem
less desirable than a job they would
have received five years ago, and to
some extent, even last year.
Department chairmen emphasize
that while in most disciplines the
market for doctorates in major uni-
versities isn't expanding to meet the
increased supply, there is a growing
need for qualified people to staff the
numerous n e w four-and-two-year

colleges springing up across the
country.
"It's a very lean, grim year," says
English department Chairman Rus-
sell Fraser. "Some good places aren't
hiring any one - at the Modern
Language Association convention,
some of our candidates didn't even
get an interview."
"On the other hand," notes Fras-
er, "there are many more institutions
of higher learning than people real-
ize. Things are tight in a b o u t 50
schools, but there are plenty of jobs
after that."
"The odds were more in the stu-
dent's favor in the p a s t," agrees
Sidney Fine, chairman of the history
department. "The history job mar-
ket is very tight - we're producing
more PhD's than ever The overall

upward graduate enrollment has
come at a time when the total re-
source allocation to education is not
increasing commensurately."
The sciences have been heavily hit
by the job squeeze. "Largely because
of shrinking government support,
which has cut jobs in research, stu-
dents are really having to work hard
to find a job - and it's often not go-
ing to be in the line they're trained
for," says physics chairman H. R.
Crane.
Chemistry's Charles Overberger
cites budget cutbacks in federal
funding for research and a levelling
off in chemical industrial research as
crucial factors. "Five years ago," he
says, "it was not uncommon for a
PhD candidate to get five or six job

offers. Now, it's more apt to be one
or two."
"Jobs are harder to come by than
they were three or four years ago,"
concurs chairman William Kerr, of
nuclear engineering. "Five years ago,
someone might have three or four
job offers. Now he's more likely to
have one or two."
Mathematics Chairman William
LeVeque says many more students
will end up teaching at junior col-
leges than has been the case in re-
cent years. Many might teach at ma-
jor universities for a couple of years.
he says, but few will stay.
"Ten years ago, when schools were
doubling their enrollment, if some-
one could do a good job at Michigan
he might stay," says LeVeque. "Now
we're not really expanding, and

there's no great need for new people,
so departments look for on I y the
really outstanding candidates."
In foreign language departments,
too, the sellers' market of the last
years has given w a y to a buyers'
market. "In Romance Languages,"
says Prof. James O'Neill, "there are
probably more good people available
than there have been in the'last few
years. The situation isn't desperate
- our students all have options -
but it is harder than at any time in
the past five years. The mediocre
candidate has no chance for a good
job."
"There's more competition t h a n
two years ago," says far eastern lang-
uage chairman Charles Hucker. "In-
stead of having the choice of a good

many jobs, their selection is much
more limited,"
But many disciplines, both in pro-
fessional schools and in graduate so-
cial science departments, a r e un-
touched by the squeeze, and in fact
say they cannot satisfy the demand
placed on them for more and more
PhD's.
"Most social work schools are anx-
ious to get PhD's a nd frequently
they're not able to," says Associate
Dean Phillip Fellin. "There's a short-
age of doctorates in social work:
"We get 10 times as many requests
to recommend people for jobs as we
have people to recommend,"' s a y s
psychology department chairman
Wilbert McKeachie. "Students from
See PhD's, Page 8

-Associated Press
'Conspirator' speaks at MSU
Jerry Rubin, co-defendant at Chicago enospiracy trial, speaks to Michigan State
University students yesterday. The Yippie leader lampooned court procedure and de-
nounced conspiracy trial Judge Julius Hoffman.
DEPARTMENTS CO-OPERATE
New environmental-maor
considered professors

Thriving U'
store seeks
new branch
By LYNN WEINER
The University Store released a financial
report yesterday showing the store's solvency
for the fall term and proposing significant
operational changes, including expansion to
a branch at Bursley Hall. The report will
be presented to the Regents for consider-
ation this week.
The statement showed a net profit of
$4,118.44 for the period from January to
December 1969, with gross sales of $161,000.
These figures indicate a change from last
summer, when the store was running a
deficit. Business picked up considerably in
September and October.
"The Regents were skeptical about the
project at the beginning, and wanted to
see an accurate financial statement," said
store manager Dennis Webster. "This report
shows that the students really are behind
the idea of a discount store."
Proposed modifications for the winter
term include expansion of the store, revision
of the inventory ceiling imposed by the
Regents, operational changes, and the con-
tinuation of rental services which the store
provides.
The question of a Bursley branch of the
discount store has been discussed for several
months. "Better than half the students
at Bursley petitioned for a North Campus
branch of the store, but due to an admin-
istrative mistake the Regents did not act
on the issue earlier," Webster said.
The report recommends that the store
expand to areas like Bursley where students
are far from campus stores.
"We have proposed a branch in Bursley
and possibly the Hill area, where basic sup-
plies such as notebooks, bluebooks, pens, and
a limited selection of records and toiletries
could be sold, said Student Government
Council Coordinating Vice President Bruce
Wilson.
"Expansion wouldn't guarantee corre-
sponding increase in revenue, but a store
would probably justify itself," Wilson added.
The report argues that the inventory
ceiling is impractical because it limits the
amount of items the store can stock. The
ceiling is a specific restriction on the amount
the store can 'spend on inventory. The
$25,000 inventory ceiling was imposed by
the- Regents when they approved creation
of the store a year ago.
SGC currently sets policy for the store
in conjunction with Webster, and, respon-
sibility and control of the store will be
transferred to the Bookstore Policy Board
when the two stores are combined.
The store operates on a non-profit basis,
with the net gains going to expand in-
ventory and increase discounts.

By HARVARD VALLANCE continues, it is only beginning tos
A major in environmental studies? now due to the increasing interes
Very possibly, if the efforts of eighteen ernment, foundations, students an
professors who met yesterday to discuss in a better co-ordinated approa
improved approaches to co-ordinated study study of environmental problems.
in the field, bear fruit. The University would not be th
One of the group, Geography chairman devise a program dealing specifi
Melvin Marcus, says "it may be possible as the environment. Other universiti
early as next autumn" to either concentrate Johns Hopkins, offer degrees in
in an interdepartmental program in the liter- mental"-programs geared primar
ary college, or combine another major with engineering aspects of the prob
a specialization in environmental studies. as pollution control.
Yesterday's preliminary meeting will be Though the University already
folowed by larger planning sessions to which 50 courses relevant to environmen
representatives of most schools in the uni- lems, Sussman argues that "thev
versity will be invited. ness of our offerings, and the sel
According to a resume prepared by LSA ment of the departments in w:
Dean*Alfred Sussman, "any program to be are offered, has militated againstt
developed must be interdisciplinary, and in- opment of coherent, yet broad, pr
terf aces with other colleges should be ex- the kind that are needed present
plored. This involves environmental educa- Funds for additional faculty fo
tional (Education), urban studies (Engin- mental studies, says Marcus, mi
eering, Public Health, Law and Natural Re- from government or foundation gr
sources), resources and resource planning Rockefeller Foundation has alread
(Engineering, Natural Resources and Busi- the University $750,000 to suppor
ness), population studies (Medicine, Public in this area, he adds, and the fund
Health, Natural Resources).
The idea of a program in environmental yet been earmarked for any spe
studies has "been in the back of many minds but, he says, "it's still far too early
for quite some time," says Marcus, but, he exactly where we're going to go for
Space shor tage:

show itself
st by gov-
,nd faculty
ch to the
he first to
cally with
es, notably
"environ-
ily toward
lem, such
has over
tal prob-
very rich-
f-contain-
hich they
the devel-
ograms of
tly."
tr environ-
ght come
rants. The
dy granted
t projects
s have not
ecific use,
yto decide
x money."

-Daily-Richard Lee
The 'Bird' flies
Michigan's 6-1 forward Richard 'Bird' Carter shoots over a Purdue defender for a
two pointer during yesterday's game at the Events Bldg. The Boilermakers rallied
from a 10-point halftime deficit to defeat the Wolverines 103-96 in overtime. See
Page 7.
END TO WAR SEEN
Nigaerianf' troops capture
vital IBiafran crossroads

VP choiee
key to role
of students
By JIM BEATTIE
Daily News Analysis
The naming of a new vice president for
student services, a move the Regents may
make later this week, will have broad im-.
plications for the future of relations between
students and the University administration.
Both the administration and students
have an obvious stake in this appointment
which could, for example, determine the na-
ture and direction of the struggle over
student decision-making power at the Uni-
versity.
Stude'nts interested in influencing Uni-
versity policies have, in fact, taken great
interest in the appointment. For example,
when President Robben Fleming first at-
tempted to set up a committee to nominate
candidates for the vice presidency, Student
Government Council refused to participate
for over four months, until they were given
half the committee's votes.
Not believing thathe vice pr Mdf Mt actu-
ally can make policy on most matters af-
fecting the quality of their lives, students
are most interested in the manner in which
the vice president will present the students'
case to those who do have final authority-
the executive officers and the Regents.
"The new vice president should have the
ability to see things the way students would
-to make decisions that turn out the same
way as students' decisions would," says SOC
President Marty McLaughlin. "The primary
loyalty should be to students. We want the
vice president to be on our side, not on
theirs."
Not all students see the role of the vice
president as quite so limited, however. One
student who has been active in University
affairs for several years, Michael Davis, be-
lieves the vice president can, if he wishes,
be an active decision-maker for the .admin-
istration.
"The vice president can be either .im-
portant or popular," Davis says. Acting Vice
President for Student Affairs Barbara Newell
"has largely served as an administrator for
the small decisions affecting student life
and as a conveyor belt back and forth- be-
tween the students and the Regents-and
she is very popular," he adds.
"But Richard Cutler (Newell's predeces-
sor) was important," says Davis. "He asked
to make decisions and made them." Cutler
was the subject of much criticism from stu-
dents for his actions in a number of areas,
including student discipline.
"The policy changes that were made were
his, and people knew it," says Davis. "But
he knew what the Regents wanted, and,
worked within their boundaries. If the new
vice president is to be good for students,
he must have a way of expressing the radical
perspective."
However, history Prof. Arthur Mendel, a
member of Senate Assembly's Student Rela-
tions Committee, believes the vice president
should take a more active position.
"The vice president should be 100 per cent
student advocate," he says. "But most Im-
portantly he should go out of his way to find
out what is happening on other campuses
and not wait for political issues to arise
at the University. Rather he should go out
and stimulate them."
"The vice president should keep abreast
of the ranges of student sentiment and
should come to some decision on the direc-
tion student action should make. If the
students are apathetic, then he should foster
the view of participation among the major-
ity and take the lead to present the students'
case strongly to the administration," Mendel
adds.

*,

LAGOS (k') - Nigerian federal troops have
captured the vital Biafran crossroads town
of Owerri and are moving on the Uli air-
strip, the secessionist's link to the outside, a
reliable military source said yesterday..
Observers report that the war appears
to be at a climax, which could lead to vic-
tory for the Nigerian government after over
two and a half years of war with the seces-
sionist state of Biafra.
There was no official confirmation of
the capture of Owerri. The federal govern-
ment has been reticent about releasing war
news recently,
Diplomats in Lagos expressed concern
about the plight of an estimated 500-1,000

No

room

at the °U'

Europeans and North Americans who could
be trapped in Biafra if Uli fell.
Most of these people are working on relief
operations. Relief officials say agencies have
generally instructed their people to use their
own discretion and come out when it seemed"
necessary.
The Paris newspaper France Soir report-
ed Saturday that Uli was within two days of
capture. Federal television quoted French
papers without comment and there was no
official Nigerian reaction.
A war communique late yesterday con-
firmed only news earlier reported: The 1st
and 3rd divisions had linked up, splitting up
Biafra. The bulletin said Arochukwu and
two smaller towns were taken with heavy
Biafran losses in men and weapons.
Federal losses were light, it added.
Third Marine Commando Division troops
have been within striking distance of Owerri
since before Christmas and were reported
awaiting two more brigades to link up before'
pushing on.'
The Nigerian army captured Owerri
once earlier in the war but lost it again. The
last major town in Biafra, Owerri is regard-
ed as an extremely important psychological
obj ective.
Biaf ran units have been firmly resisting
advances toward Uli on two fronts - above
Nnewi to the north and below Oguta to the
south. From Owerri, there is a third access.
Federal forces are advancing behind new
Soviet 122mm artillery pieces with a 13-mile
range. They were brought in recently and
were believed destined to shell Uli as soon
as troops were close enough.

By JANE BARTMAN
Harried administrators plagued
by scheduling difficulties and de-
mands for more space, are real-
izing that they have fewer rooms
to shuffle with than ever before-
and students and faculty members
are unhappy with the hands they
have been dealt.
The squeeze is on again t h i s
year with the annual shortage of
classroom and office space. As a
result, problems are cropping up
in all corners of the University.
"There is no question that class-
room and office space is a very
tight commodity," says Robert
Sauve, administrative assistant in
the Office of Academic Affairs.

work. "We h a v e professors, re-
search assistants and teaching
fellows squeezed into every nook
and cranny on campus," Sauve
says. And some have been forced
to use rented space off-campus.
Space is an especially serious
problem for professors, since it di-
rectly affects their professional
activities, from writing and re-
search to teaching and counseling.
Not all faculty members n o w
have their own offices and many
find sharing an office with one or
more other professors makes it
difficult to carry on their own re-
search work or to advise students.
"You can't do scholarly work
when someone is counseling a stu-
r~af ;.r fn+ ~tac " nya Ca~sr

when offices become scarce, while
others move staff-into various odd
corners around the University,
making it difficult for professors
to maintain contact w i t h their
colleagues.
Mathematics is one s u c h de-
partment. Its offices and class-
rooms are located in both Angell
Hall a n d the West Engineering
Bldg., as well as smaller groups in
the computer science department
offices and East Engineering Bldg.
"This is deleterious to our re-
search a n d teaching purposes,"
department Chairman William
LeVeque says. "There is no space
'for any extra activity at all. We
have had to look around in other

m