' PAGE EIGHT
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 17,1967
PAGE EIGHT THE MICHIGAN DAILY TUESDAY. OCTOBER 17. 1967
9
'U'
(Continued from Page 1)
About half a dozen Universitye
scientists led by project directort
Joseph O. Morgan of the In-
frared Physics Lab made numer-
ous trips to Bangkok to help
develop the laboratory, which
will become operational shortly.
Currently James B. Evans, an1
engineer with the infrared physics
laboratory is "in Thailand advis-
ing them on the analysis of
imagery," according to Zissis.
Zissis says that about 20 to 30
military officers were involved in
the project and nine of them
came to the University last fall
for a special 10-week course. "A
classroom arrangement was set
up where we gave them basic in-_
struction in engineering, physics,j
reconnaissance technology, etc."
The courses were all taught by
Willow Run staffers except "for'
one or two guest lecturers fromF
the University faculty in meter-
ology," says Zissis.
Returning to Thailand with a
solid background in surveillance
technology, the Thai miiltary men
went to work for their country.
Under University supervision the
Thai's bought and outfitted a
C-47 airplane for surveillance
work.
Counter-insurgency .t
According to Zissis, "This
counter-insurgency work has two,
levels. First the Thai's are using
it to find clandestine Communist
guerrilla activity." By using aerial
surveillance techniques "the Thai
government can locate a group of
Communists who have come in
with military equipment. Then
the Thai military will send in1
forces to capture the Communist
ringleaders.1
"They've found a mixture of
Thai guerrillas, some were train-
ed in Vietnam. I wouldn't be sur-
prised if some Chinese guerrillas"
are sent in this year," Zissis,
added.
This surveillance work, which
includes infrared techniques that
make it possible to, see at night,
have also "aided the Thais in pin-
pointing and determining the ex-
tent of activity of Communist
cells in the northern regions of
Thailand," Zissis says.
Zissis says the second function
of "this counter-insurgency work
is to help tell the Thai govern-
ment where it needs to send in its
pacification workers to make
friends with the natives.
"For example say some indi-
genous rebels are trying to get the
people to revolt because of a water
shortage. To halt the rebellion
the teams will go in to try to cor-
rect the situation and sell the
Royal Thai government to the
people.''
Zissis says that the project is
working well so far. "Generally
the Thais are doing a darn good
job. We feel proud of our stu-
dents."
$14
Million
Counter-Insurgency
Job
;
I
it
This is not the University's first
experience in Thailand. Last fall
the University completed a two-
year long, $200,000 contract on
"Acoustic and seismic research in
Southeast Asia." David E. Willis,
who is a scientist with the Ge-
ophysics Laboratory at Willow
Run, was one of half a dozen Uni-
versity scientists who worked on
the project sponsored by the De-
fense Department's ARPA. The
project was subcontracted through
the Atlantic Research Corp., in
Arlington, Va.
"We worked to establish the
normal background noise level to
aid in such things as detecting
guerrilla intruders. By using mi-
crophones and seismic devices at
14 sites in Thailand we determined
the natural variation in back-
ground noise level for different en-
vironments," Willis says. For ex-
ample the men studied the sound
created by insects to help get a
noise level for rural areas.
Willis points out that one ap-
plication of this information would
be "to plant these devices around
a troop encampment. If the men
know background noise levels they
can detect intruders." The Uni-
versity scientists wrote a report on
their work for the defense depart-
ment this year.
"Possibly these techniques can
be used in Vietnam. I know the
Thais are very interested in this
information. It would be naive to
think it didn't have military uses,"
says Willis.
AMPIRTI
Also in 1964-66, the school
worked in a joint $2 to $3 million
project with Cornell University
called AMPIRT (ARPA Mutispec-
tral Photographic and Infrared
Testing).
Under the $2 to $3 million
ARPA sponsored contract Univer-
sity and Cornell scientists gather-
ed data on the "effects of en-
vironment, crops, foliage, and ter-
sity's war research is centered, isI
modest about the University's role
in the ICBM project. "We did have1
a small contract on ICBM launch-
es.* If they (the defense depart-
ment) count that as part of the
SStrat-XICBM; it's their book-
keeping."
"Probably the most sophisticated
of the Univesity's military research,
projects is the $4.3 million infra-,
red observatory atop 10,000 foot
Mount Haleakala on the Hawaiian .
island of Maui. The project is
funded by ARPA and includes one!
60-inch and two 48-inch reflectorj
telescopes.t
President Katcher says the ob-
servatory "has very important
military significance," and his
1963-64 annual "Report on the
University" notes that "The ob-
servatory will study and track the
midcourse flights of ballistic mis-
siles and orbiting satellites with
advanced infrarednsensing, meas-
uring and recording devices."
The infrared method tracks mis-
siles or satellites primarily from
their thermal radiation (radiation1
given off by an object by virtue!
of its temperature),
ment "looked at all available tech-
niques for monitoring at a dis-
tance."
According to Butler, "all meth-
ods of obtaining information from
remote locations were examined.
We looked at everything from the
use of a micro hone in a vae to
lensless, three-dimensional phot-
ography.
In the holographic process, a
special photograph can record the
vibrations of a given object. The
frequency of vibrations of the ob-
ject can potentially be used to
monitor sounds at a great dis-
pVa 1 1A1 u t U v ". t.+ n. -
ground radar. We also studied tance.
where you can use monitoring de- Asked why the name of the pro-
vices. For example we tried to find ject was changed from "Surrepti-
Pentagon's Strat-X committee, which is analyzing strategic needs
for the 1970's last week issued study contracts relating to the Ad-
vanced ICBM (AW&ST Mar. 6, p. 69). Boeing was given con-
tracts for engineering services and front-end configuration stu-
dies. General Dynamics will look at front-end design and also
will analyze booster configuration and costs. Douglas will study
launch pad engineering. Thiokol will analyze launch and air-
borne vehicle systems, and the University of Michigan will inves-
tigate seismic surveillance techniques.
-Aviation Week and Space Technology
April 3, 1967
...................
I
-Courtesy Willow Run Labs-IST
UNIVERSITY SCIENTISTS from the Institute of Science and
Technology work in Thailand with a Thai civilian engineer to
take thermal measurements in the Thai rain forest. The box in
the foreground is an infrared radiometer, used to take infrared
temperature readings.
rain on detectability in Thailan
explains Zissis.
"We sent over several two-a
three-man teams with our equ
ment," says Zissis. "Our techn
ans would sit in the back oft
plane and run the reconnaissa
instruments."
ICBM for the 70's
Not all the University milit
research is on long term proje
This spring the University co
pleted another defense departm
contract dealing with ICBM's
only three months.
The University accepted
$12,660 classified contract fort
velopment work on the Strat
project, which is developing
advanced ICBM being designed
the 1970's.
While the telescopes are for!
military work, University astro-1
d," The April 3 issue of the trade nomers and visitors from otherc
magazine "Aviation Week and institutions are expected to be al-r
and Space Technology" points out that lowed to use them to do "funda-
ip- the University and four private mental research in application ofr
ici- corporations, Boeing, General Dy- infrared techniques to astophysicale
the namics, Douglas and Thiokol were and geophysical studies."
,nce all given study contracts relating
to the advanced ICBM. Surreptitious Monitoring
The University's contract was to Sometimes the Universitys' uni-
ary "investigate seismic surveillance que talents are called on for spe-
cts. techniques." Long a leader in the cial kinds of classified contracts.
m- development of seismic detectors For example at the first of this
ent to record earthquakes, the Univer- year the University completed a
in sity was asked to determine the $28,265 contract on "surreptitious
detectibility of an ICBM launch monitoring" for the Army elec-
a with seismic equipment. The pro- tronics command at Fort Mon-
de- ject was done by geophysicists mouth, N.J.
t-X David E. Willis and Fred Tanis. Butler, the project directc= , and
an But Rune Evaldson, head of the principal investigator William B.
for Willow Run Laboratories, where Ribbens, an associate engineer in
the largest share of the Univer- the electrical engineering depart-
out if you can use them in con-
crete. We also looked at ways to,
tell if you're being bugged."
The work was renewed this year
under a different title: "Optical
receiver component techniques"
Butler explains that "we narrowed
our field of interest to optical
nmonitoring techniques." One im-
portant optical detection technique:
now being studied by the research-
ers in holography, the science of
hious Monitoring" to "Optical Re-
ceiver Component Techniques,"
Butler explains: "The new name
is more accurate. I don't know
why they called it surreptitious
monitoring the first time," says
Butler. "That was an unusual
name."
TOMORROW: Security and
Research including A Look
at Classified Courses, Confer-
ences and Seminars.
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