ENGINEERS: WIY'NOT? See editorial page L ilt A6 &tittj I GUSTY IIGI-54 LOW-34 Clearing, Little chance of rain, windy Vol. LXXVIIf, No. 156 Ann Arbor, Michigan, Friday, April 5, 1968, Twelve Pages l LBJ Confers With Riots Hit Sities V Thant, Delays U"S. Hawaii Conference UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. iP)- Late last night, White House In a hastily arr'anged conference, press secretary George Christian President Johnson talked for said "We'll get up tomorrow and more than an hour yesterday with make a decision on departure." Secretary-General U Thant on However, there was speculation peace prospects in Vietnam. that in view of the situation Johnson took time for the visit Johnson might not go to Hawaii as he prepared for a weekend at this time. Vietnam strategy conference in The session with Thant was held Honolulu amid growing caution at the U.N. headquarters in New in Washington about the prospects York after the President had at- of preliminary peace talks. tended ceremonies at St. Patrick's In his statement commenting Cathedral marking the installation on the assassination of Dr. Martin of the Most Rev.i Terence J. Cooke Luther King, the President said he as Roman Catholic archbishop ofI would delay his trip to Honolulu New York. until latetoday. The meeting was suggested by antIEN JHN" b sh-.ha akS. atik' Cthdrl 0 ~ ~. 'AS k h '4 44 --Associated Press u SAIGON ) - U.S. relief forces who had surrounded Khe Sanh the Marine combat base at Khe Helicopters blazed away with Sanh early this morning amid re- arockets and machine guns at the ports the enemy is lifting the enemy trenches closely encircling three-month siege as a goodwill Khe Sanh. Marines in Khe Sanh gesture. knew that some of the enemy was Only light artillery and mortar still out there. Eighty rounds of fire from the North Vietnamese North Vietnamese artillery and opposed Marines in the vanguard rocket fire slammed into the base of -a 20,000-man relief force. before nightfall. Flown by helicopter, these Ma- '- rines occupied hills just outside Khe Sanh ,I-' -h-A a kI UN Ambassador Arthur J. Gold- berg while he was with Johnson at the cathedral. A UN-White House announce- ment said the two men discussed peace, and that Goldberg and Undersecretary-General R a 1 p h Bunche had participated in the meeting. Pressed for details, a UN spokes- man said "The conversations were strictly private." En route back to Washington Johnson told reporters: Expressed Encouragement "He gave me his assessment.of the situation that developed since Sunday night and the attitudes among the UN missions, as well as his own. He was encouraged by it." Johnson said it was a good meet- ing, very helpful and very con- structive. He added he is going to ask U Thant to visit him in Wash-+ ington later.{ Johnson had scheduled a meet- ing with former President Dwight D. Eisenhower prior to his de-, parture for Hawaii. His plans fol-I lowing the Dr. King murder are! unclear. The Honolulu meeting of the President with his top Washington] and Saigon advisers follows John-! son's pattern for such get-togeth- ers every half year or so for an across-the-board review of the Southeast Asian conflict. Such ses- sions have been held before inJ Hawaii, Guam and Washington. Heightened Potential But this week's spectacular de- velopments toward direct negotia- tions with Hanoi have greatly heightened the potential of this weekend's parley. White House sources indicated, too, that the choice of a successor1 to the U.S. commander in Viet-r nam, Gen. William C. Westmore-r land, would be on the agenda. The growing caution in Wash- ington quarters about peace talksf -in ysome cases ranging to pes- simism-steins from more than North Vietnam's accusation of U.S. bombing far north of the 20th parallel limit set by Johnson1 in his Sunday negotiations offer.1 Bombing Charges Hanoi charged yesterday thatf American planes had bombed the northwest corner of North Viet- nam. U.S. officials said there was{ no truth to the charges. Apparently, the North Vietnam- ese do not intend to make a major 1 incident of the allegation, since1 there has been no further reactionf from Hanoi.e Some U.S. sources said that while no response has been re-- ceived yet through diplomatic. channels to Johnson's agreementr Wednesday to establish contact with Hanoi representatives, thef North Vietnamese have shown no evidence yet of backing down from their earlier demands. Nobel Lanreate Shot ByMemuphis Sniper MEMPHIS, Tenn. O) - Nobel Peace Prize winet Martin Luther King, Jr., father of non-violence in the American civil rights movement, was killed by an assas- sin's bullet last night. King was hit in the neck by a bullet as he stood on the balcony of a motel here. He died less than an hour later in St. Joseph Hospital. Gov. Buford Ellington immediately ordered 4,000 National Guard troops back into the city. A curfew, which was clamped on Memphis after a King-led march turned into a riot a week ago, was reimposed. Police said incidents of violence, in- I The Late Rev. MartinI Luther King lVon-violentce B rough World Fame to, King eluding several fire bomb- ings were reported follow- ing King's death. President Johnson addressed the nation, "we have been sad- dened" by the slaying of Dr. King. "I ask every citizen to reject the blind violence that has struck Dr. King who lived by non-violence." In a brief message via televi- sion and radio, Johnson disclosed that he is postponing a ;trip to Hawaii for a Vietnam strategy conference. He had been sched- uled to leave around midnight. He said he will leave today. The 1964 Nobel prize winner was standing on the balcony of his motel here, where he had come to lead protests in behalf of the city's 1,300 striking gar- bage workers, most of them Ne- groes, when he was shot. Two unidentified men were ar- rested several blocks from the motel, but were later released. Police also said they found aj By DANIEL OKRENT The bullet that felled the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., inE Memphis last night ended a ca- reer which carried the Georgia minister from leadership of anI Alabama bus boycott to world fame as Nobel Peace Prize-win- ning civil rights leader. In many of his campaigns, heI was the target of bricks and,I sometimes, bullets and bombs. But Dr. King always continued, undeterred. Speaking in an Albany, Ga. church in 1962 after shots were fired in nearby houses, he said: "It may get me crucified. I may even die. But I want it said even if I die in the struggle that 'Hej died to make me free.'" Commenting on the death of black nationalist Malcolm X in 1965 he said, "I have learned to face threats on my life philo- sophically and have prepared my- self for anything that might come." Dr. King, who said that he took; mnuch of his doctrine from In- tian leader Mahatma Gandhi, was a proponent of non-violence. "Non-violent protest is the most effective weapon of an oppressed people," he said. He called his! method of attacking American segregation by civil disobedience "passive resistance." Through the worst parts of his civil rights struggle, King stuck by his non-violent doctrine. At the Birmingham funeral ofj four Negro girls killed in a church bombing which authorities feared would touch off mass inter-racial violence, King said, "In spite . of the darkness of this hour, we must not despair, we must not become bitter - we must not lose faithI in our white brothers." Many times in his career Dr.E King met with violence. In ther first bus protest in Montgomery, a bomb was thrown on his porch, Violence assailed by both whites and Ne- groes. 'After he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964, reaction ranged from wide praise to open censure by many Southern news- papers. King, who was the youngest man ever to win a Nobel Prize, was honored then for "consistent- ly asserting the principle of non- violence." He achieved the crowning glory of his career in the summer of 1963 in the momentous march on Washington. At that time, Rev. King ad-1 dressed 250,000 people from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial:I "I have a dream, that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: 'We hold these truths to be self- evident, that all men are created equal.' " Dr. King, who turned 39 in January, began his career as a spokesman for black rights from the pulpit of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery,1 Ala., in 1955. Behind King's lead- ership, Montgomery Negroes boy- .30-.06 rifle on Main Street about cotted segregated city buses for one block from the motel, but it 381 days, provoking church-bomb- was not confirmed whether ;this ings, street attacks by white thugs was the weapon that killed the and, often, mob violence. A court 39-year-old King. ruling finally desegregated the An aide who was standing near- city's buses. s. by said the shot hit King in the After his success in Montgom- neck and lower right part of his ery, King decided to broaden the face. / civil rights drive and returned to "Martin Luther King is dead," his native Atlanta in 1960. He said Asst. Police Chief' Henry Lux, founded the organization which the first word of the death. was to sponsor most of his later Asst. Hospital Administrator campaigns, the Southern Chris- a ss Hopia edmitrat tian Leadership Conference. Dr. Paul Hess confirmed later that King was the first president of King died at 7 p.m. of a bullet that group. wound i the neck. He first earned national rec- The Rev. Jesse Jackson said he ognition for his civil rights work and; others in the King party were when he was jailed in Atlanta in getting ready to go to dinner October, 1960, for driving with-| when the shooting occifrred. out a license. That, his sixth im- "King was on the second floor prisonment, prompted a telephone! balcony of the motel," Jackson call to Mrs. King from then-Sen.| said. "He had just bent over. If John F. Kennedy, during his he had been standing up, he campaign for the Presidency. Dr. wouldn't have been hit in the, King was released after a bond face." inquiry initiated by the Senator's King had just told Branch: brother, Robert F. Kennedy.. "My man, be'sure to sing 'Blessed In 1961, Dr. King joined a Lord' tonight and sing it well." See DR. KING, Page 2 See REV. MARTIN, Page 8 'Erupts, [ A- wy The Associated Press Rioting broke out in the na- tion's cities last night following the death of Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. Minor violence broke out in several of the nation's cities. The National Guard was alerted in North Carolina and 4000 guards- men were mobilized in Nashville. Some 7000 New York policemen were ordered not to go off duty at midnight, but to remain on the city's streets. The National Guardsmen were alerted in Greensboro, North Carolina upon the request of Mayor Carson Bain. In Jackson, Miss., young Ne- groes smashed car windows and ,-burned a newsman's automobile in the Jackson State 'College area. Evers Cominents Charles Evers, state field sec- retary of the National Associa- tion for the Advancement of Colored People, who received threatening phone calls - tried to calm a group of Negroes at a rally in Jackson at the Negro Masonic Temple. 'However, Evers later was quoted as saying vio- lence "must come." In Washington, D.C., crowds of Negroes gathered in a predomin- antly Negro shopping area where looting broke out. Late last night, however, officials reported all in- cidents "under control." Hartford Incidents fI Episodes of window breaking, ooting and other minor kiolencg were reported in the north end of Hartford. Conn. Police said five or six blocks of North Main Street had been closed to traffic. New York's Mayor John V. Lindsay and top police officials set up a command post on Har- lem's 125th Street where the first disturbances broke out . shortly after the Memphis killing, Insults, Missiles Lindsay ran into an unruly group of youths at Lenox Avenue who shouted insults at him and hurled missiles although it was not clear that they were aimed at him. City Commissioner of Human Rights William H. Booth and Manhattan Borough President Percy Sutton, both Negroes, hustled the mayor into a car and drove him to Gracie Mansion where he planned to keep in close touch with police. Brooklyn Looting Looting then began 'in Brook- Nation Mourns Tragedy F A " GC A AIc- 'ci Soviet sources in London said the light resistance since the al- lied drive began Monday was be- cause the North Vietnamese were lifting their siege of the battered base in the northwest corner of Virtna m and had bp nI t with- Open .Housing Statute! r I t r Ij udraw.LANSING ('--The State Senate' banning discrimination in most drawThey said Hanoi had decided on approved yesterday a controversial real estate transactions. ThysidraHanoi ad ecidd gon open housing bill 22-14 after turn- It was opposed by nine Repub- a withdrawal as a sign of good ing down two substitutes for the licans and five Democrats. agrees at preliminary talks to halt administration-backed measure. The bill now goes to the House, all bombing of North Vietnam The senators also defeated where Speaker Robert Waldron preparatory to peace talks. There amendments to provide for a pub-' (R-Grosse Pointe) has predicted was no confirmation of this from Ti referendum on the issue and it will pass. NEW YORK W)-From Presi- when she received word he had !"We must-we must-maintain dent Johnson to a lady weeping been wounded, and advocate and promote, the in Detroit, the nation reacted to Hosea Williams, one of Dr. philosophy of nonviolence," he the assassination of Dr. Martin Martin Luther King's top aides said. Luther King Jr. last night with who was standing beneath the Williams, considered one of the anguish, shock and pleas that his balcony on which King was shot most militant of King's aides, told death would not trigger the vio- to death called immediately for the Constitution, "We-those of lence he deplored. continued nonviolence. us with him during his last mo- "We have been saddened," 'Pre- "Let's not burn America down," ments on this earth-are concern- sident Johnson told the nation on he said, ed that this country might go into radio and television. "I ask every Williams, an executive in the a turmoil that would cause great citizen to reject the blind violence Southern Christian Leadership bloodshed." that has struck Dr. King, who Conference, telephoned his plea to He said that King had spent lived by nonviolence." The Atlanta Constitution from part of his last discussion in the Mrs. Martin Luther King Jr. Memphis, where King died. motel room with his lieutenants _ +hn A4-1n,'.Al (a( ' .i-.,',.4 .;reiterating the validity of non-