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Seventy-Seven Years of Editorial Freedom
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
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,

Where Opinions Are Free, 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MICH.
Truth Will Prevail

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Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.

TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1968

NIGHT EDITOR: DAVID KNOKE

The University's Lever
To Move Ann Arbor Landlords

IF STUDENT EFFORTS to improve the
deplorable situation of Ann Arbor stu-
dent housing are to succeed, the Univer-
sity must place its power squarely behind
the drive.
The University is at least partially re-
sponsible for the existing injustices. By
allowing the private landlords to supply
a majority of student apartments, the
University has opened the door to exces-
sive rents and burdensome twelve-month
teases.
To correct these conditions, students
have banded together in rental associa-
tions, signed pledges to "wait" before
leasing apartments for neat fall, partici-
pated in sporadic rent, strikes, and even
picketed one landlord's office. For the
most part, however, the conditions re-
main.
So far, the University has restricted it-
self to moral support. The University lease
now makes it possible for students to
rent for eight months instead of twelve;
the problem is getting landlords to use
the University lease. The Off-Campus
Housing Bureau has "very strongly
recommended" the new lease to landlords,
but it has gone no farther.
YET THERE IS much the University
could do. To begin, it should declare
its support for the efforts of Student
Housing Association-Student Rental Un-
ion to obtain an eight-month lease.
It should work with the city to improve

the enforcement of the Ann Arbor hous-
ing code and establish a planning com-
mission to study future apartment needs.
It should bring students and landlords
together to discuss the apartment situa-
tion. When students requested these
meetings the landlords ignored the re-
quests; the University should be able to
obtain cooperation.
Taken as a whole, these measures would
notify landlords that the University is
disturbed about the apartment situation
and willing to consider action. Implicit
in all of them should be the clear under-
standing that if the landlords do not co-
operate, the University will reconsider
the option it unfortunately forsook sev-
eral years ago.
By entering the apartment market in
competition with private landlords on a
large scale, the University could force
lower rents and convenient leasing terms
on the Ann Arbor market. Arleady the
University rents such low-cost units as
Oxford Housing and Northwood Apart-
ments. Building more would alter the
market drastically in favor of the stu-
dent.
WITH THAT THREAT in reserve for
leverage, University attempts to
ameliorate the student apartment mess
could be very successful. It isn't too late
for the University to act.
--ROB BEATTIE

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"TT4IATS OUR~ NEXT >EF-OLIATION

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Letters to the Editor
Student Registration: 'If you can answer ...'

Registration Now

PO ADVANCE THEIR own interests and
serve as a bloc for needed social change,
eligible students must vote in local elec-
tions. To do that, they must register.
In tie past year, City Council has
shown consideration for student interests
in formulating a housing ordinance
which would specifically require land-
lords to be responsible for the condition
of apartments at the time of leasing.
If students show their strength in vot-
ing registration drives, council candidates
in wards with a large concentration of
students may be persuaded to support
programs equally beneficial to students
in the areas of motor vehicle regulations,
parking, city planning and city services.
Students can persuade the city to re-
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Editorial Staff
ROGER P 4POPORT, Editor
MEREDITH EIKE.'"? Managing Editor

institute inexpensive shuttle-bus service
from the campus area to downtown
stores. They can push for re-zoning of
certain areas of the city to provide for
more parking facilities near campus.
They can support a realistic low-cost
housing program for the city's poor.
From today until next Tuesday, Student
Government Council will provide bus
service to City Hall for actual registra-
tion and counseling to instruct students
on how best to qualify for residency re-
quirements.
Students now make up nearly 30 per
cent of the Ann Arbor population. It is
imperative that they realize they are not
a peripheral part of the community. As
residents, they are vitally affected by the
actions of city government.
IT IS TIME FOR Ann Arbor students to
take an active part in shaping the
community in which they must spend
several years of their lives. All it is neces-
sary fpr them to do is learn their rights,
and then exercise them.
Students can be an effective force for
change in Ann Arbor. The first step is
registration.
-JILL CRABTREE

To the Editor:
WITH STUDENT housing at the
forefront of campus interest
these -days, the election for Ann
Arbor City Councilmen on April 1
presents an opportunity for stu-
dents to participate in several
decisions om importance not only
to themselves, but to the com-
munity.
We, the Democratic candidates
for City Council in the 1st and 3rd
Wards, are pledged to a strict pro-
gram of City inspection of rental
housing and to passage of a ten-
ants' rights ordinance. Under the
tenants' rights ordinance, land-
lords could not evict tenants for
making code violation complaints,
and landlords would have to fix up
apartments or rental houses be-
fore they could collect the rent.
A crucial period in the election
campaign starts today, when regis-
tration of voters opens, and lasts
for ten days through March 1. If
you are not registered, you cannot
vote. Registration is at the City
Clerk's office in the City Hall
downtown.
Remember, you are entitled to
register if you can honestly answer
yes to the following questions:
*Are you a citizen of the U.S.
who will be at least 21 years old
on April 1?
* Have you made your home in
Michigan since October 1, 1967 and
in Ann Arbor for at least 30 days
before next April 1?
0 Do you support yourself,
either through your earnings or
your wife's earnings, past or pres-
ent? Earnings as a teaching fel-

low, part-time work, summer work,
scholarships, and loans all count
as self-support.
* If you became ill, would you
be treated for your sickness in Ann
Arbor?
" Do you usually take your
vacations either in Ann Arbor or
at some "neutral place," not your
parents' home?
'0 Do you expect to stay in Ann
Arbor for some indefinite period,
and will you be likely not to live

at your parents' home after you
graduate?
The City Clerk's office will be
open for registration from 8:00 to
5:00 this week, Tuesday through
Saturday; from 8:00 to 5:00 next
Monday; and from 8:00 to 8:00
Tuesday, February 27 to Friday,
March 1. r a,
-Prof. Richard D. Remington
School of Public Health
-Prof. Max Shain
School of Public Health

McCarthy Milks
The Milksop Liberals
By WALTER SHAPIRO
Special To The Daily
WESTPORT, Conn. - Senator Eugene McCarthy made a fund-
raising foray into the heart of affluent suburbia Saturday night
and while he left with about $30,000, the visit could only be described
as a failure.
For here in Westport, McCarthy was talking to his own people,
those once idealistic and now weary political amateurs who still
yearn "madly for Adlai." And the tragedy of McCarthy's appearance
was that the Minnesota Senator failed to inspire even them.
It wasn't that McCarthy failed as a drawing-card. His speech
at the plush local high school was described - probably accurately -
as the "largest political gathering in the history of Fairfield County."
The audience was the predictable admixture which constitutes
the intellectual elite of a town which is a sort of subdued, suburban
version of Provincetown. In a way, it's a commuters' version of the
Greenwich Village which used to be.
Yet perhaps a better way to describe the gathering, is that it was
politically sagacious enough to recognize that yesterday's Negroes
are today's "blacks." But the audience wasn't radical enough to use
the new term comfortably. And one had the sneaking suspicion that
a good many of them had "colored" maids and cleaning women at
home.
Since this was amateur politics, the introductions were made
by an actress and an academician. Anne Jackson, who starred with
her husband Eli Wallach a season or two back in "Luv," and Robert
Dahl, the Yale political scientist, set the tone for the evening. They
were literate, erudite, gracious,
well meaning, and said nothing
new.
Unfortunately McCarthy did
nothing tojdispel this stultifying
sense of deja vu. ::::: "::...;:'
It wasn't that it was one of
McCarthy's worst speeches. After
seeing a few examples of that tv :,.
genre, one had to admit that for °
him it was a pretty good speech. .
He had some well phrased lines,
was amusing with a few ostensibly
spontaneous lines, and didn't
throw away all Hof his key mo-
ments.
But In an address filled with
quotable lines, McCarthy's low-
key manner failed to press them
home sufficiently enough to be
remembered. It was the kind of
speech which only would affect Sen. Eugene McCarthy
the already committed. And even
here, one wished that McCarthy looked even one quarter as dynamic
as his campaign posters.
The problem is that to be an effective political speaker, you
either have to be dynamic, forceful, and perhaps a little vulgar, or
you have to say something new. And McCarthy seems constitutionally
unable to do either.
Before the speech, McCarthy held a very brief press conference
in a classroom just off the auditorium. When asked - as he will
be continually - about his wilted-lettuce campaign style, McCarthy
replied, "I intend to go on campaigning pretty much as I have been
doing. I think it's the right way to campaign in the context of the
issues."
As much as he denies it, McCarthy is a one-issue candidate and
that issue is Vietnam. The problem is that the thinking politician
is at least two years behind the ideas of his audience. And conse-
quently an address in 1968 which hits at our involvement inVietnam
is unlikely to provide any §tartlingly new political insights.
Furthermore, beneath the rhetoric, McCarthy's Vietnam position
is worthy of George Romney at his incoherent best. Trying to induce
negotiations through de-escalation and if negotiations prove un-
attainable, pulling out of Vietnam "was the logical conclusion of what
we've been saying," he said. "But I think it's quite possible to get
a negotiated coalition government. And anyway, anything else is
a long way off."
McCarthy is either implying a case for unilateral withdrawal with-
out having the courage to admit it. Or he is so convinced that Lyndon
Johnson is the only obstacle to peace talks in Vietnam that he fails
to notice the logical absurdity of his position.
If McCarthy is indeed blinded by his desire for negotiations, his
dilemma illustrates the problems which will face the "Negotiation
Now" people if Hanoi is as intransigent as the Administration claims
they are.
In the final analysis, McCarthy's failure to inspire his captive
Westport audience is deeply significant because his campaign has
nowhere else to go. As his Ann Arbor visit will attest, McCarthy on
the campus sets little adrenalin flowing.
McCarthy belongs among the tired and well-meaning liberals
of an earlier, more. hopeful, era. He is not offering a prescription
for change, but a return to the past. Despite its erudite quality,
there is something wholly anachronistic about the whole performance.
Like all mini-heretics, McCarthy repeats incessantly that he
hasn't changed, the Democratic -Party has changed. He's right, but

somehow, that isn't enough.
For the failures of the Johnson Administration /are not totally
divorced from the happy days of Stevenson and Jack Kennedy.
Rather, in some respects, they are their idealistic pragmatism carried
to excess. It's a gross reprint of an old painting. And that's why it is
so fitting that old ADA-er Hubert Horatio Humphrey is Vice-
President.
Only occasionally does McCarthy provide a vision of the America
that could be, rather the Democratic Party that was. ie said very
poignantly Saturday night, "Instead of ghettoes, we can have neigh-
borhoods and communities." And one believed.
But only for a minute. For then there was a memory of the
impossible gulf between the "black community'l and the "colored"
maids. And that awful realization that all Eugene McCarthy had is
a well-intentioned dream.
Meanwhile in Detroit this weekend, the state New Politics Con-
vention pledged itself to work to destroy the Democratic Party.
Judging from what the McCarthy candidacy represents, the Demo-
crats are doing a pretty good job themselves.
t . --
IW
-47
/

0

*

Biafra Rebutted: 'Tyrants'

To the Editor:
THE AGGRESSIVE little "Bia-
fra" regime represents any-
thingrbut the oppressed minority's
last-ditch stand for self-preserva-
tion that Azinna Nwafor's pole-
mics (Daily, Feb. 16) would have
us imagine.
Nigeria's eight million Ibo tribes-
men have indeed been "predom-
inant in the life of the country"-
militarily, economically, politically,
and socially lording it over the
entire 57-million population 'of Ni-
geria since independence. This ap-
parently wasn't enough for them,
for in January, 1966 "with military
precision" (to again quote Nwa-
for), the Ibos deposed their pop-
ular, freely-elected Prime Minister
Balewa, and ruled with clenched
iron fist for five months, until
they were in turn overthrown. The
Ibos then promptly took up their
marbles and ran home-seceding,
and in the process "liberating"
$700,000 in royalties belonging to
Nigeria.

The chauvinistic "Biafra" ty-
rants may, like Ian Smith's su-
premist Rhodesian regime, survive
for years, or even decades--both
can be largely self-sufficient, and
both get aid from colonialist Por-
tugal (Time, Feb. 9). But the
settlement offered them by the
Nigerian government (Federal Ni-
geria, Nov. 1967), based on am-
nesty and progress, is generous and
more-than-fair-like the kind of
moderateReconstruction we un-
fortunately spurned after our own
Civil War. Nwafor--a Biafran-
and others who have axes to grind,
may pretend every Western gov-
ernm'ent is somehow out to get
them; but we who hope for a free,
progressive, peaceful West Africa,
with strong, forward-looking Ni-
geria as its cornerstone, will con-
tinue to await the birth of respon-
sibility and co-operativeness among
the Ibos of Nigeria's Eastern Re-
gion.
-Morris Saks, '69


I :Marketing Academic Research

By CATHY McAFFEE
First of a Two-Part Series
EDITOR'S NOTE: When the In-
stitute for Defense Analyses meets
today and tomorrow, stu'dents
around the country will be dem-
onstrating in protest. These ex-
cerpts are the first of a two-part
series on IDA by Cathy McAffee, a
graduate student in history of
science at Princeton, reprinted
from Viet Reports.
In order to give academic
scientists the opportunity to work
on these "challenges of our time,"
12 major universities have com-
bined to form the Institute for
Defense Analyses. As IDA officials
explain, the Institute serves as "a
means by which individuals from
universities can come to grips with
major problems of national se-
curity," and "by which the gov-
ernment can reach deeper and
more accurately into a great store
of scientific knowledge and tech-
nical skill." As the major research
institution of the Defense Depart-
ment, IDA has contributed to the
development of major weapons
used in Vietnam.
IDA is set up as a non-profit
corporation, a defense "think
tank." It is an arrangement that
wnrks mot well for everyone in-

receive "the direct opportunity to
absorb . . the wisdom that de-
rives empirically from intimate
contact with real and present
problems," not to mention lucra-
tive leaves of absence and con-
sulting fees for professors. The
importance of IDA for the uni-
versities has nothing to do with
education; IDA membership is a
means for marketing the products
of the academic research in-
dustry.
IDA was formed in 1955 to pro-
cure civilian scientists for the
W e a p o n s Systems Evaluation
Group of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
The Defense Department wanted
sophisticated, computerized, "ob-
jective" studies of defense strategy.
IDA was finally formed as a
membership corporation includ.-
ing MIT, Cal Tech, Case Institute
of Technology, Stanford, and
Tulane, and was provided with a
$500,000 grant from the Ford
Foundation. Administrators from
each of the universities (many of
whom are connected with com-
panies in the defense business), a
number of bankers and aerospace
industralists, and a few career
government servants were enlisted
as trustees. Since then, the cor-

has been applying its knowledge
of military "command and con-
trol" and resource management to
studies of police methods, the
poverty program, and the draft.
Most of IDA s work is highly
classified, and all of it is done at
the Institute's Arlington, Va.,
headquarters, or at the Commun-
ications Research Center on the
Princeton campus. Although most
of IDA's scientific and adminis-
trative employes come from indus-
trial laboratories, and a few from
government agencies, almost all
have taught in universities at one
time. Many are recruited directly
from the campus, and there is a
growing trend to hire recent
PhDs. Some academics work at
IDA during their leaves of ab-
sence, and about 25 are added to
the summer staff. The average
length of stay of an employe at
IDA is only about two years.
Academic scientists are finding
it increasingly difficult to pursue
their careers without contributing
to this kind of work. Not only do
they depend on government con-
tracts for support. but often they
must become involved in defense
projects merely to gain access to
the information and equipment

lationship of the schools to IDA
and the accompanying rhetoric
merely serves as a cover for work
that would go on whether the
corporation existed or not. For in
fact, the ostensible goals and the
public image of the universities
are largely irrelevant to what has
become their most important func-
tion-and the function that links
them to IDA - namely, the de-
velopment and transmission of the
scientific knowledge and the tech-
nical and managerial skills neces-
sary for the administration of a
stable society. The modern uni-
versity is, quite literally, a knowl-
edge factory, in which the educa-
tion of students is just one pro-
duct line, and a secondary one at
that.
As a market where the knowl-
edge industry and the defense
business exchange their products,
IDA serves much the same func-
tion for the aerospace and elec-
tronics industries as it does for
the universities. The non-profit
corporation, whose growth in the
past 15 years has paralleled that
of the defense industry, has be-
come one of the most important
means by which that industry pro-
motes its own interests

defense department official who
awards the contract may be asso-
ciated with the same corporation,
if they are not one and the same
individual.
In the 11 years since its found-
ing IDA has increasingly exerted
its independence from the gen-
erals it was originally intended to
serve, and, in recent years, from
the Defense Department as well.
There has been a continuing strug-
gle over IDA between civilian de-
fense officials and the military
leadership, the generals wanting
to use IDA to back up their pro-
jects; the civilians needing it as
a check on the generals. This ten-
sion reached a peak in 1963 when
Richard M. Bissell Jr. phased out
of the CIA for his handling of the
Bay of Pigs invasion, took over
the IDA presidency. He began to
push for an expansion of the IDA
staff and for the right of IDA
to bypass the generals and report
directly to the Secretary of De-
fense. The generals, who let it be
known they would rather IDA did
not exist, accused "Bissell and the
whiz kids" of trying to take over
the policy-making role of the
Joint Chiefs. The dispute ended in
a compromise. In the following