Declaration of ntimen called
for an immediat end t lav ry through
"the verthrow of prej udice by the power
f I ve-and the 'a lition of lavery by
the pirit of repentan ."
By the 1840s, African Am rica
had formed th ir own abolition' t or­
ganizations and called for independence
from white reform lead rs. Referring to
whi te aboli tioni t ,one Black
re paper id, "They are our allies­
OURS is the batt! ." Frederick Dougl
w the relationship a linl differently
when he said plainly, "To dependent
i to d grad d."
Civil
Papers, publis
1992, i ' a five-volwne collection
documents. Volume I cover the
.abolinoni t activitie of African
Anlericans living in the British 1 and
Volume Il details the antislavery efIo�
of American Blacks who emigrated to
Canada. Volumes m-v are devoted to
the movement in the United States.
The Black Abolitionist Papers Project
was sponsored by the National ErxIow­
ment for the Humaniti ,the National
Historical Publications and Records
Commission, the Ford FoUIXlation, the·
Rockefeller FoWldation, aOO Tbe Florida
State University. _
Witn for Freedom and the five-
volum Black Abolitionist Papers are
available at bookstores or from th
University of North Carolina Press. Toll-
. free credit card orders: 1-800- 848.6224.
� die on ree
emi
permarent impril\l on African American
, society, "0 rv Ripley. It t uched
Vigilan mrnit and pro ti n yev ry facet of BI life, he adds,
icti w re hastily formed in many hapin an activist role for churches and
north rn cities, the und rground railroad giving birth t new community organiza-
\! as expand d. and the call went out in tions and the Bl . k press.
w York City fora Black militia. "What An integral part 0 the Black
w need," wrote ne Black abolitioni. t, aboliti nist le� :y, says Ripley, i "i
". a good rev Iver, a teady hand, and a generous contributi n to the nation' un­
d termination to hoot, down any man d rstandlng of the meaning of freedom
attempting to kidnap [one of us]." and] tice."
Many fugitive slaves, 'who were in ' With Witnes (or Freedom the Black
constant fear of recapture, fled to Canada PJ litioni t Papc Project com to a
via the llIX! rground rail�5.!. "Thanks be close. The Project, based at The Ronda .
to Qod that I am elected to Canada, and State University.began in 1976 with the
if I don't live but one night, I am deter- mi ion to collect and publi h the
d u�entary record of Black Americans
"
pe Feny .
t1ention on the . ue 0 ry IIXl
promp �Iyofm � .�
not n i the early days of in the
an' lavery movement."
Althe tano theCvil War,Fredcri
Do gl declared that "emo' the
... pivo upon which the whole rebellion
turrs. "Bl Il5hcd to enlist in the
Uni n Army when the war broke out but
were rejected for military rvi by the
fedeml go mment
Bl k regim n , perhaps
famo . 0 whil h was the Massachuset
Fifty-Fourth, were eventually accepted,
am by the war's end, 0 r 70 percent of
all northern Black men of military age
rved in either the army or the navy.
y 1 men enlisted, making up
10 percent of all Union forces.
Theeoo 0 the war brought an end to
lavery, but R nstrection did not bring
freedrn n the equality or pro ction that
theyaIXl northern 131 ks had hoped for.
T� out of their borres and unable
to afford land, many former laves faced
a oespera future and condemned the
leniency extended to former Con­
federates. One fotmer lave from Nash­
ville, Tennessee, remarked, ''1:0 us, the
..pra>pect ms gloomy. . .. t would
seem that it was regarded a greater
crim to be BI k than to be a rebel."
•
I
recal
BY TH 1 Os,
ral alanning
co �Iding in res ,
which compelled BI litionis to
n rethink their overall traegy.
The Fugitive Sl ve Law 0 1850 "in
effect ubj aU AfricanAmericam­
rot just fugitive la arbitrary ar­
rest and enslavement," ys Ripley. The
Suprem Court' Dred Scon d . ion
(1857) up ld the constitutionality of
sta ry am denied all Blac any claim
to American citizemhip. According to
au f Justice Roger B. Taney, Blacks"
had no righ which the whit man was
und to respect," '
One Black leader called theC:ecision"
more discouraging ani more prostrating
to the hopes of the colored man than any
preceding act of tyranny."
TH E FRICA Americans In light of these assaults on the
weream ngtbe ixty-two reformerswbo abolitioni t cau ,many African
met in Philadelphia in 1833 to form the Americans called for more active 1f-
Amct'itall .
HAP HILl.., N. C. - In the early
1 , while MalCQIm X was giving
angry and..eloquent speeches promoting
black nationalism, other activists were
fighting for civil rights in the com­
muniti of the rural South.
In ri of the Southern Civil
Ri vcment, noted photojournalist
Danny Ly n recall in word and
photographs hi experiences as the fi t
tat! photographer for the Atlanta-based
Student, Nonviolent CooMinating Com­
mittee (SNCC), an organization that had
areputationas oneoftbemostcommitted
and confrontational groups fighting for
civil rights.
Th bookwaspublishedinDccem r
by the University of North Carolina P
in Paperback ($19.95) and hard ver
• ($ 9.95).Memories of the Southern Civil
Rights Movemem recreates the heat and
excitement of the uthem civil ri ht
movement at th height of Its wcr.
Lyon nveys the enuinely multi-ra­
ciaf nature of the early m vcrncnt, which
was ne fth m t ucces ful roo
\, If rts in American hi tory.
THI� �'UMM JR F 1( 2,
Lyon, a white. twenty-year-Old Univer­
sny f Chicano history tud nt, packed
tv () cameras anti hi tchhiked uth to
ICC rd the tru Ie for civil righ . Within
a week he w in Jail in Albany, Georgia,
It kin through the ba at an ther
pn ncr, Martin Luther King, Jr.
m.tbe nativc New York r came
'. first taff'ph tograpber. He held
ition until 1 ,wh n he left it in
, .
• FOR FREE HOME FIRE
Hamm r and If, : Ala ama Com-
muni t during the Great Dep ion, by S R F ETY TIP S, WRITE:
R in D. G. Kelley, 'ate prof r Unit d St te
of hi tory and Afro-Am rican tudi at Fire Admlnl tratlon
the University of Michigan. Thi k P.O. Box 70274
documents th efforts of the Alabama Wa hlngton, DC 200�4
Communi t Part and its all,ies to cure
racial, e nomic, and political reforms
t n 1929 aoo 1941. 1295 paper-
back.
part beca of an em rging focus on
Black consciousnes within the or­
ganization.
Lyon's text is just as revealing his
photographs, and his own experiences
while traveling through the South are
lark rerninde of the days of Jim CrO\ .
Ask d why he wrote thi k after
almost thirty yea .Lyons ys, "I made it
beca I think SNCC, particularly in the
early yea .Is a model for any group that
wants to turn America into what it uld
be, but is net"
'Th University of rth Carolinal has
also published these books on African
" American t pies:
Within'th Plantation Household:
Black and White Women of the South, by
Elizabeth Fox-Genovese, professor of
humanities and history at Emory Univer-
. ity. Fox-Genovse, prof 'r humaniti
and hi tory at Em ry Unive ity. F( x-
no xpl res the diffi ult la rela-
tions .twccn lave holding and lave
women; . he Y that although theri liv
\Vi re intertwined, they w re never linked
in ,i tcrh)()(), sorn h lar have
cl irred. 13.9.,
Black Voter Count: Political Em­
�powennent in Mi . ippi after 1965, by
Frank R. Parker, director of the Voting
Rights Project of th lawyer's Commit­
tee for Civil Rights Under Law in
Washington, D.C.
Pa er, a f rm r civil riglllawyer,
y that the truggle for meaningfu:
v ting rights went on far after the passage
f the V ting Rights A t of1965. $13.95 .
paperback.
All of t books are available at
bookstores or from UNC Press. Toll-free
orders: 1-800-848-6224.
HOMEFIHE
RFElY.
RCT 0 ITI
in t 1830-1 mo ment t end
ry in the United S
vid Brion vis, Pulitzer Priz -
winning hi torian of th African
American experi nee, cal the nture
"on of the IOO)t imponant pubr hing
proj 0 our time."
An international u-
ments netted n rly 14,000 I t rs,
peech ,e ay, P mph le , nd
news reditori from more than 110
manu cript. librarie nd 200
newspapers. Now on microfilm,
records-are availabl to 001 around
tbe world.
otrno I
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