WORLD NATION
on 0 ur
"ASHINGTON - Tbc recent
Sup Court ruling that .
ippl mu t do more to
CICIetuCDted i university ys-
s that formerly en-
forced egregation can't meet
tbeir constitutional obllgation to
d gregate metely by allowing
tuden to apply to any public
college.
The 8-1 ruling opens the pos-
ibWty tat might cl tradi-
tionally under-funded Black
colleges.
Among other change
Southern tates will have to con
ider would be combining redun
d nt degree program at
historically egrega1Cd colleges
whose student population
remain predominantly Blac or
whi . These states also will have
to justify entrance examinations
standards originally set up to
keep Black stu<icnts out of white
school and that still have effect
Alabama and Louisiana are
among the other tates that face
continuing desegregation I w
suits and that will be directly af
fected by the ruling. Other
southern states also will be forced
to reassess their university sys
tems, or face possible federal en
forcement action or private
lawsuits, according to civil rights
la�ra ..
The justices said states that
formerly enfO Clesegregation
can't meet their constitutional
obligation to desegregate merely
by allowing student to apply to
any COllege in their public col
lege. The decision was the court's
first ruling on what its 1954 ban
on "separate but equal" schooling
requires at the higher education
level. The court essentially ap
.' plied to colleges the same obliga
tions it bas imposed on primary
and sec::ondary schools.
MICHIGAN
CITIZEN
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Publisher:' .
Chartes D. Kelly
Editor:
Teresa Kelly
Managing Editor:
Wanda F. Roquemore
Contributors:
Bernice Brown
Mary Golliday
Allison Jones
Flodean Riggs
leah Samuel
Ron Seigel
Carolyn Warfield
. Vera White
Production Manager:
Kascene Barks
Production:
KaI Andrich
Anitalroha
Karen Kelly
Nathaniel lewis
Accounhlnt executive:
Eartene Tolliver
rketlng Ex cutlvea:
AMnClemons
Nehru Johnson
sectors."
, South African unioni point to
trong union organizatio t tradi
tio of militancy, and their ex
perience in running and upholding
principles of democratic account
ability as the trength of their trug
gle in South Africa.
Thi ccountability ccording to
Maserumule refers to the abili ty by
le dership within democratic or
ganizations to carry the mandate of
their constituency and report back
keeping their membership well in
formed. "Then you have a member-
hip which can back-up demands
wi th ction."
ingconce
MAS UMULE AlSO poke
of the importance continued upport
of trade unioni t in South Africa by
their union brothers and isters in the
United States i to the truggle for
true reform and freedom for South
Africans.
THE BASIC ctions of workers
• who consider themselves involved in
the struggle is not limited to union
membership alone said Maserumule
but involv full participation of
unionists in civic struggles which
will help build civics a component
BUIlDING A NEW
FRAMEWORK
The South African unionl t have
put forth worker based polici ad
dre ing the entire economic and
political development of South
What ;s Africa,e?
Africare is a private', nonpr fit
organization, dedicat d to im
proving the quality 01 lit in rural
Afri a. ince 1971. Afri .ar ha.
helped Africans grow more t d.
develop water resour c , impr ve
health ervi e and prot ct th
environment. Africare ha al o
provided emergency a istance to
refugee and drought vi tirns.
WII, was AI,icare
lounllell?
In 1971, We t Africa was in rh
midst of one of the m t severe
drought in it hi tory. People
and animals were dying in large
number. Crops could not grow.
Thousands of villagers were
driven. from their home in earch
of water. Relief agencies were
responding with food, medicin ,
equip�ent and p ronnel.
Many African leaders f re aw
that, once the momen t f cri i
had pa ed, they would have
to develop long-term plans to'
strengthen their rural sectors
and protect their environment.
Only in this way, they und r
stood, could they with tand future
crises and go on to attain a ben r
quality of life.
To provide the need' d long-term
help, to assist in emergencies and
to educate Americans about
Africa - African and Am rican
lead r and development sp cial
i t founded Africare.
serve
ing.
COSATU played a major role
in the proposed re tructuring of the
Nation 1 Manpower Commis ion
(NMC), which �ci1itate negoti
tions between b iness Ad unions
• on labor law. The union refused to
join the NMC unl it w restruc
tured. Under proposed chang no
South African labor law would go to
parliament un! evaluated by the
revamped NMC.
1WO lEAS IN SOUTH AFRICA
COSA TU is clearly most actively
involved in p hing a redistributive
South African economic policy built
around wages, housing and benefits,
from page 3 original COSA TUt
Economic Trends group. Gelb has
also done extensive wor on con
tracts.
M rtin Nichol 0 th
Union of ine Wor er , an
economi t h written di cion
p IX' on how the South African
econ my c n mov w y from
two-tier ystem 0 go emment. Th
South African two-tier y tern
provid nd ervi for the
(i nd rgin I or no rvice for
the v t majority of South Africans.
It i South African unioni who
re p hing for c n in how the
economy i run. It is pita! that'
ping for the emergence of a ink
or wim economy. The verage
monthly income of 68 percent of
South Africans w le than R600
($200) per month in 1990 indicating
who would be inking.
Blac unemployment which i at
40 percent points to the need for
rapid expansion of the South African
economy that addre ed th lack of
education, housing, and health care
for th majority of its citizens.
UNIONISTS Al.80 TAKE ex
ception to the unny picture" often
painted by the Bush dmini tratlon
of the South African government
earne tly working with Black
leaders for a new South African.
This notion is visibly fraying around
the edg upon clo inspection.
The South African ecrecy law
continue to tie the hands of unionists
by controlling information on key
industries like petrochemical. The
unions are hard pressed to find solu
tions to technical problems without
industrial infonnalion for analysis.
The ending of the state of emer-
gency viewed a step forward has
not stopped the po ibility of endles
detention.
110
withoutc yete n
tion c n be rene ed virtually
without limit.
The endin of the opul tion I
Re · tra on Act ch unla
Cul elal cl i cation 0 people -
t lly ppli only to children bom
a er the endin of PRA.
The INKA THAgate cand I ,
which linked contributio from the
de Kler government to the Inka
Freedom Party and it United
Wor ers Union of South Africa
focused t ntion on ANC and union
claims that the government or
lng with the forces for the violence
which tillcontin in South Africa.
THE PRESSURE put on the
South African Government by
uniont t internationally from
boycotts, signing of olidarity tate
ments, and resolutions passed con
demning the lifting of anctions and
alleged participation by t� South
African government in intertribal
violence have been important to
bringing an end to apartheid.
'These union ctions and South
African olidari ty work by trade
unions have also served to continully
internationalize the truggle for true
union democracy as a goal for all
workers. .
Mary Hollens is a staff writer and
the outreach coordinator withLabor
Nota, a Detrolt based monthly labor
news publication, lor inlornuJtion
call 313"-842-6262.
.
"'_ • _ _ _ •• r _ _ .. _. • _ ••
whit ther are as large and
c mpl x a the improvement of a
nation' pharmaceutical system.
The pro,grams range in budget
from a few thousand to several
million dollars.
How floes Atrlcare work?
Africare projects are African proj
ects. Responding to local initia
tives, Africare cooperates closely
with African planners, field ex
perts, village leaders and workers
- complementing rather than
preempting local resources and
skills. In its long-term projects,
Africare marshals only the tech
nical counsel and funds that may
be necessary to sustain and
encourage African efforts at the
national and grassroots levels. In
its emergency relief, Africare also
responds to the priori ties voiced
by Africans. Africare and African
project managers carefully mon
itor all financial assistance.
Who SUDlJOrIS Atrlcare?
Private foundation , corporations,
the religious community, other
private organizations, the u.s.
government. United Nations
agencies, foreign institution and
many thou ands of individuals.
Where IIoes Atricare
work?
Alricare focuses exclusively on
Afn a and has worked in all the
major regions of the continent.
Since its establishment in 1971,
Africare has helped 25 African
nations: Angola, Burkina Faso,
Cape Verde, the Central African
Republic, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia,
The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea
Bissau! Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi,
Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique,
Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan,
Uganda. Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Currently. Africare is assisting
21 countries (see map) .
Africare is a member of Interna
donal Service Agencle , a pan of
the Combined Federal Campaign
and state campaigns; and Sharing
International, a pan of several
corporate employee campaigns.
Africare is headquartered in
Washington, D.C. and maintains
African field offices in Burkina
Faso, the Central African
Republic. Chad, Ethiopia, Guinea,
Guinea-Bissau, Malawi, Mali,
Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria.
Rwanda, S negal, Somali ,
Z mbia and Zimb bwe.
African' ic; currently <upporring
more than 200 program f
assistance to Africa. Some pro
grams are as small and simpl
th digging of a village well,
,
i
What helll has Atrlcare
gIven?
Durin It first y -ar , Alncarc
.oncentrated on helping to
alleviate the eff ts of vert:
drought in West Africa. In till'
mid-1970 , Alricare shift d Ib
emphasis to long-term program
in the areas of agriculture, water
upply and health. ince 1 Q78,
Africare ha al 0 r ponded to
th critical pr hi -ms of r tllgl'l'�
and displaced p r Oil (in Chad.
Somalia and uthern Afn .a, lor
exampl )� and fr m 19H4 to
1986. Africar wa leader in the
flort to provide mergen'Y
assistance to thiopia and . th r
drought-stricken nations.
Improving the
quality of life in .
rural Africa through
the development of
water resources
,
increased food
production and the
delivery of health
services.
How manr pro rams
es Atrlcare SUp it?'
6/91
.'