WHILE MANY students
attend summer school to
catch up, make up or improve
their class performance,
more students are using the
summer period to get ahead
of the game.
One the high school level,
students can take courses in a
much shorter time span.
For orne, four weeks of
intensive French. or math
beats having to . it through
months of the course during
the semester.
Sometimes the difference
in a high or average grade can '
be in the style of a teacher or
professor. Personalities are
as important as content often
times and there is no denying
that some instructors just
know how to make some
classes more exciting.
High school graduating
seniors are also encouraged
to take a few freshman cour
ses at local community col
leges with the intention of
adding or transferring those
credits in the fall.
In 1992
. While m ny college tu
,den ttl know, including
emy d u h r, will e u ing
ummer bre for v cation,
or lng nd aving money
. for th ummer, high p r
o centa e will lobe ttend
: In ummer ch 01.
o It conti n to be fact
· th t mo thigh chool and
: colle e tudents will attend
; ummer chool at le tone
: ummer during their schol -
tic or collegiate careers. And
: mo t of the e tudents are ex-
ceptionally bright.
: teenager, I rec 11,
I going to summer chool each
� ummer between the ninth
and twelfth grades. A few of
tho e cl se were needed to
tay on course. A few were
college prep focused.
later as a COllege under
graduate, I attended summer
chool at least two summers.
While working on my
masters degree, I also took
classes one summer. In fact,
this time last year, I was gear
ing up for more summer clas-
se •
COLLEGE students,
likewise, are using summer
sessions to establish ad
vanced standing at their
respective colleges.
In fact, many colleges
:- have special graduation
ceremonies during the sum
mer.
A little realized advantage
that becomes more
pronounced later is the way
prospective employers look
, at how a s udent utilizes his
· or 'her summer periods.
SUMMER SCHOOL
represents activeness and
motivation in the opinion of
some recruiters and also ad
missions officers.
Finally, some students
have correctly discovered
that because of the short
r length of each summer ses
. sion, it is possible to also
work and vacation during the
I remainder of the summer.
. 'Just remember, ummer
... school can equal succe s in
I 1992.
HILTON: HIGHER
, EDUCATION is designed to
, dialogue with college and
. world readers. Education is
,. ongoing and certainly not
" limited to classroom study.
" Let's talk. (714) 899-0650.
VIEWS,OPINIONS
OVERONEandonebalfmillion
Blacks trace their heritage from the
Can'bbean or Africa.
Although half of all Bl c in
Britain were born there, virtually all
are viewed recent or temporary
migrants. They experience
By JAMES E. ALSBROOK
Dear Rodney:
One new, big and valuable thing
has ri en from the ashes of the April
29, riots and fire in 1..0 Angeles.
This new, valuable asset sudden-
• Iy gained by residents of the burned
out areas caused President Bush and
millions of others tore hurtle their
agendas, re-think their priori tie and
change their perceptions of local,
state, and national politics.
This asse t cannot be see n,
smelled, tasted, heard or touched
not really. But its effects can be
nsed.
Thi new et is spelled R-E-S-
P-E-C-T. And whence came this
respect?
It came from a billion-dollar
demon tration of NEGATIVE
POWER. Yes, raw, ugly, Negative
Power. The power to destroy.
NEGATIVE POWER is not
new. This power to destroy has
changed the course of history dozens
of times. It was demonstrated when
hungry prehistoric animals fought
for occupancy of , cave during a
storm" and when hungry Neander
thal men fought over the food of a
fresh, edible caress.
This Negative Power was used by
Alexander the Great, the Vandals,
Atilla the Hun, Ivan the Terrible,
Napoleon, Gen. U.S. Grant, Gen.
Pershing, Gen. Eisenhower and
others. It was used on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki, in 1945.
It was used to kill and chase Na
tive Americans off the precious land
thing forefathers had occupied first
and was theirs for more than 10,000
years.
Negative power was used to cap
ture African people, chain them,
drag them into boats, sail them to
America and elsewhere, force them
into slavery and rape their women.
This Negative Power was used
after the Civil War to segregate,
dominate, disfranchise, and humilate
Black people.
ItS legitimacy has been denied by
losers but acclaimed by winners.
There i al 0 growing
population of "mi ed-raced"
children, rai ed by white mothers,
who have at b t a fragmented ethnic
and racial identity. Many see
themselves basically British in
I nguage, cul ture and valu , and
their half-Caribbean ancestory is
secondary.
L CHILD E "are
constantly told that they are tupid."
An �icu1 te, BI ck attorney from
Nottingham, who had chaired my
visit to th t city, explained: "Blac
people are afraid of discovering the
pain within themselves, created by
racism. We need a space for healing
one another."
"You can ee th ci m in th ir
," be continued p infully. On
Guyanese women who orked in
department tore explained th t it
w the tore' unofficial policy to
hadow 11 Bl c cu tomer ,
w tching out for po ible
hoplifting. "Whit waiting to be
erved are even pushed out of the
way, " he ob rved, "in order to wai t
on Blac custome quickly, and
th remove them from the tore!"
As in the United States, the white
power y tern repeated attempts to
divide Afro-Caribbean, Asian nd
African people from each other. In
Nottingham, at one intense
Violence kill
Dr. Manning M arable is
Professor of Political Science and
History, University of Colorado.
"Along the Color Line" is published ...
by over 250 newspaper worldwide,
and a radio version of the series is
broadcast by more than 50 r�
stations across North Amuica. -
I
vel
playing fi
Id
,
ney, they beat me and millions of
others like us. The econd beating
took place when the jury kicked u
and beat us in the body and face with
the demnable verdict. That w too
much to bear.
It i just as fair for you to protect
yourself with the threat of tlre it is
for the white zealots of de grad and
insult you with the threat and prac-
lice of police brutality.
Our ance tors would not have
been enslaved for 0 long if they had
used the cleansing effect of fire on
the "big houses."
LET THE REIGN OF TERROR BEG
End Tyranny �
Liberty, Equality, Humanity!
,The merry go-round of d ath
Among denizens of death row, an
irrepressible relief flows when news
arrives of someone spared the
hangman.
Imagine the feeling then, when
Ohio's outgoing governor, Richard
Celeste, commuted the death
sentences of even people; Leonard
Jenkins, Willie Jester, Crazy Horse
Seiber, Debra Brown, Rose Grant
and Elizabeth Green.
Celeste, an opponent of the deatll
penalty"commuted the sentences of
those male prisoner closest to
execution, and all female ,death row
prisoners.
Any relief experienced, however,
proved to be Short-lived, for in Jan.
1991 George Vainovitch umed
rae
The fact remains that change
resulting from the use of Negative
Power has las ting effects for good or
evil.
WHEN THE FIRST Molotov
Cocktail was thrown at the begin
ning of the riot, Negative Power was
demonstrated. When dozens of fires
were shown igniting the skies of Lcs
Angeles, the undeniable potency of
negative power (destruction) wa
terribly evident.
Negative power - the power to
affect others dversely - ha been
shown in the writing of history books
our children read - books that ig
nore or distort and contributions of
Africans and African-Americans.
Negative Power has been used
p ychologically, economically, so
cially and in various ways to cripple
Black people and keep them "in their
place." The result is the unendurable
situation of tho e Los Angeles Black
people who exploded into justified
rage when the overpowering insult
of the Rodney King verdict was an
nounced.
The verdict told Black people
they were not due the same respect
other people get - that they sholuld
be beated and dishonored. This was
too much.
This was a contemptible kick in
the face to Black people, just as the
police gave repeated kicks to the face
and body of Rodney King.
ROdney, your question, "Can we
get along?" is a fair and good one.
You want calm and peace. We had
almost total calm and peace for 250
years down yonder in "Gone With
The Wind" territory with white
masters and Black slaves.
PFACE IS NOT good with in
sults, double standards and humilia
tions advocated by David Duke,
Ronald Reagan and their think
alikes. These were rejected by the
fires and riots of your city.
Yes, Rodney, we can get along,
but only "with liberty �nd justice for
all."
When the police beat you, Rod-
power as governor of Ohio and
vowed to reverse Celeste's executive
order, and return the 7 to death row.
SlIORTLY THEREAFTER,
Vainovitch, joined by the state
prison director, initiated a civil
action in the Franklin County Court
of Common Pleas seeking
declaratory judgement and
revocation of the Celeste
commutation order.
Pending decision in the suit, 6 of
the 7 prisoners were placed in
general population without incident,
all, that is, except Debra Brown, who
faced a death entence from another
state.
On Feb. 13, 1992, the court ruled
that Gov. Celeste's commutations
violated the state constitution, and
were therefore uncons ti tu tional.
The 6 people were transferred back
from general population to the
destructive regime, of death row;
from the merely restrictive to total
lockdown; from life entences back
to a date with death.
While cholars engage in debate
about whether capital punishment
equals cruel and unusual treatment,
surely the on-again, off-again
malevolent merry-go-round of the
Ohio case, freed from the numbing
strictures of death row to live a year
as lifers, only to be snatched back to
the dungeons on a politician' whim,
can only be both morbidly cruel and
utterly unusual.
Cruel ty has no better face than the
toying to which the Ohio prisoners
have been subjected by a vengeful
state; and unusual denotes rarity in
occurrence-this even t, to the
writer's knowledge, has no
precedent'
"THE STATE," aspri onwriter
John Perotti notes, "giveth and the
state taketh away."
Is this not cruel and unusual?
Is thi not double jeopardy in
extremis?
If this offends your sense of
justice, write to the governor a letter
of protest
Letters should be ent to:
FROM
DEATH
ROW
Governor George Valnovltch
State House-Governor's
Mansion
Columbus, Ohio 43216
(For more information, write:
John Perotti
POB 1368-#167712
Mansfield, OH 44901
.-
....
Perotti reported on this case f1
the Prison News Service from whi
the above i drawn.)