December 22, 1989

…except for the Shammash — will go on until we have satisfaction. "(Signed) The Chanukah Candles" The days rolled by and matters got worse. People had never given so much thought to plain everyday things like candles until this had come up. Chanukah was fast approaching, and still no solution. The candles had become silent and refused to say a word. They all refused to do their duty, except the Shammash. The lowliest candle of them all, the one...…

…lit ‘4100.01c . Political Considerations Required Surnames A " By BETTY PROVIZER STARKMAN Few of us are aware of the political and historical significance involved in our family names. In the year 1787, the government of Austria passed legislation requiring all Jews to adopt surnames. On July 20, 1808, the Napoleonic Decree came into being. It ordered the Jews of France to adopt definitive family Postcards: A Window l`wttolv Into The Past ...…