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The Detroit Jewish News, 2020-09-24

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Jews in the D

continued from page 15

by Charles A. Buerger, publisher of the
nationally acclaimed Baltimore Jewish
Times. Horwitz was recruited from the
Baltimore Sun in 1986 to assume pub-
lishing responsibilities. In 2000, Horwitz
and Michael Steinhardt formed Jewish
Renaissance Media and purchased the
Jewish News and other media
properties. Browett joined the
company in 2002 and became
a partner and its chief operating
officer.
According to the 2018 Detroit
Jewish Population Study conduct-
ed for the Jewish Federation of
Metropolitan Detroit by University
of Miami demographer Dr. Ira
Sheskin, 23,000 of the community’
s
31,500 households read the Jewish
News, with 46% of those reading it
with regularity. Data provided by
Google Analytics show that from
January through July 31, the Jewish
News website, www.thejewishnews.
com, has garnered more than 1 mil-
lion page views.

STAYING CONNECTED
“Under the Foundation’
s ownership
and strategic guidance, the Jewish
News will continue to serve and con-
nect Jewish Detroiters, both in print
and digitally, to each other and the
world around us,
” Horwitz said.
“Detroit is one of America’
s most
admired Jewish communities, and
the independence and credibility of
the Jewish News will continue to be a
key ingredient in its success.
“The story of Detroit’
s Jewish
community, spanning more than
100 consecutive years and con-
taining 330,000 pages of content,
is captured in the Foundation’
s William
Davidson Digital Archive of Jewish Detroit
History. The Foundation’
s action helps
assure that the next chapters of our com-
munity’
s ongoing story, both print and dig-
itally, will be written, captured, safely stored
and forever available to all through the
University of Michigan’
s Bentley Historical
Library,
” he added.

16 | SEPTEMBER 24 • 2020

July 2002

July 15, 2011

F. Kevin Browett joins
Jewish Renaissance
Media. Becomes chief
operating officer and
partner.

A Jewish News
TIMELINE

The Internal Revenue
Service grants the inde-
pendent Detroit Jewish
News Foundation 501(c)
(3) nonprofit status
as a public charity.
Arthur Horwitz is the
foundation’
s founding
president.

November 2013

The Foundation digitizes
and makes available the
entire contents of the
Detroit Jewish News,
comprising more than
270,000 pages, free of
charge. In October 2015,
it includes the contents
of its predecessor publi-
cation, the Detroit Jewish
Chronicle, providing
almost 330,000 pages of
content spanning more
than 100 consecutive
years. Collectively, the
content is known as the
William Davidson Digital
Archive of Jewish Detroit
History.

December 2017

The Foundation finalizes
an agreement with the
University of Michigan
whereby the entire
contents of the digital
archive become a part
of the Bentley Historical
Library’
s permanent
collection and are avail-
able to the public at no
charge.

July 1, 2020

The Foundation board,
upon the recommendation
of its Transition Workgroup,
agree to sign a Letter of
Intent to bring the Jewish
News under its nonprofit
ownership.

Sept. 16, 2020

The Foundation board, upon
the recommendation of
its Transition Workgroup,
approves and accepts the
transfer of certain assets
and liabilities from the
Detroit Jewish News LLC to
a new Michigan limited lia-
bility company to be wholly
owned by the Foundation.
The new ownership is effec-
tive Oct. 1, 2020.

continued from page 15

gangs
gangs
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nations
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polish
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lish
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year
year
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26
26
26
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victory
victory
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mr
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worse
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th
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former
former
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form
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former
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er

women
women
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returned
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slay
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gang
gang
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a

a

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capacity
capacity
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pres
pres
pre
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geneva
genev
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terrorists
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w

5706
5706
57
57
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20
20
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20
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2

arrive
arr
arr
ri
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rive
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often
f
often
often
ft
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of
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of
fte
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n
up
up
up
up
p
up
up

american
american
merican
ame
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mer
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meric
c
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rehabili
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habilitatio
habilitation
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bilitation
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it
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tion
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of
of
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of
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of
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f

of
of
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of
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f
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f
of

of
of
of
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of
f
of
of
f
of
f

governor
gove
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go
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v
governo
go
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ver
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gov
ov
ve
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rn
nor
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ver
rn
no

roundi
rounding
rounding
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o
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ro
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ng
g
nding

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ounding
rounding
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rounding
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ounding
di
i
d
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ro
ou
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nd
di
in
ng
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un
ndi
in
ng
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in
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ts
s
ts
s often
of
ft
ft
ten
en
n
e

reports
reports
eports
rep
re
rt
rep
reports
ep
eports
port
o
repor
re
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rts
re
eport
rt
ts
ort
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ts

reports
eports
eports
repo
reports
eports
repo
ep
po
epor
eport
repo
po
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por
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s
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or
rt
ts
por
rts
s
p

alp
alp
alp
al
lp
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al
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p
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al
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p
al
lp
p

reporte
rt
reporte
reported
ported
e
re
ep
p
re
ep
porte
po
orted
or
or
rt
rted
re
ep
porte
po
orted
d
po
or
rt
te
ed
d
ed
d

reporte
reported
rep
re
reported
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ported
d
reported
re
re
eporte
po
po
po
eport d
re
re
eported
ported
t
orte
ed
d
po
orted
ed
d
ted

reported
reported
epo
re
ep
reported
orted
ported
re
eporte
reporte
or
rt
reporte
eported
po
or
rt
ted
d
ported
orted
te
ed
d
t d

mrs
mrs
mrs
mrs
mrs
rs
s
rs
mrs
mrs
rs
s
mrs
rs
mrs
s
rs
r

d
an
nd
d
and
an
nd
d

an
nd
and
d
and
an
nd
d
an
and
and
nd
and
d
and
d
and
nd
d

residents
residents
residents
resident
resid
esi
esidents
ide
d
reside
reside
esid
de
den
e
residents
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de
en
n
siden
nt
t
resident
si
id
de
en
nt
ts
dent
ts
s
ent

polan
po
poland
pola
polan
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poland
po
poland
la
po
ol
la
and
d
polan
ol
la
and
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d
pol
la
an
nd
d
nd

poland
poland
po and
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land
po
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pola
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polan
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p
a
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poland
poland
and
pola
po
poland
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po
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polan
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and
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p
and
d

ste
steal
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st
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al
st
st
te
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ng
st
st
te
te
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alin
li
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te
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al
li
in
ng
g
in
ng

undi
undin
di
din
n

report
report
p
d
t d

211
2114
2114
4
2114
2114
2114
114
4

their
hei
h
th
th
heir
their
th
he
eir
r
th
he
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r
the
eir
r
d

unrr
unrra
unrra
unrra
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nr
n
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ra
unrr
nrr
ra
nrr
rr
rr
ra
a
rra
rra
ra
ra

during
during
durin
d
in
duri
during
durin
durin
durin
urin
uri
in
n
during
g
during
rin
ng
g
ng
g

s
it
t
its
t
its
it
ts
s
its
s
it
ts
s

mostly
mostly
mostly
tly
ostly
mo
ostly
os
st
tly
tly
y
mo
ost
ost
stly
ly
y
os
stly
y

july
uly
july
ju
july
u
july
july
ul
uly
y
ju
ju
ul
july
july
ju
uly
july
y

dinwoodi
dinw
inwoodi
dinwoo
dinwood
dinwoo
dinw
inwoo
dinwood
inwo
nwo
wo
nwoodi
w
di
in
nw
woo
oo
odi
d
dinwoodi
inwoo
nwoo
o
oo
od
di
woo
od
di
nwoodi
d

attends
attends
attends
s
e
w
20
0
20

w h
with
wi
wi
it
th
ith
h
with
wit
th
h
with
h
it

14
14
14
14
14
14
14

opening
opening
open
openin
op
penin
pen
e
opening
peni
op
pe
ening
in
opening
openi
op
penin
pe
en
en
nin
ng
g
ening
pening
enin
ni
in
ng
g
ng
g

mon
mon
month
nth
month
mo
onth
month
mo
onth
nt
th
th
h
mo
ont
th
h
nth
nt
th

employed
employed
employed
em
m
employed
ploye
l
ploye
employed
mployed
ployed
lo
ployed
emp
em
mplo
oye
oy
ye
ed
d
p oy
y d
yed

detroit
detroit
detr
de
e
det
i
detro
det
troit
t
de
et
tr
ro
oit
t
et
tr
roit
oit
t

from
from
from
from
from
fr
ro
om
from
fr
ro
om
ro
om
du i
d
i
u i
d

from
from
from
fr
fr
rom
m
fr
fr
ro
om
o
from
m
fr
fro
om
m
fr
from
ro
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34
34
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1945
19
9
1945
19
94
45
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1945
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at

Local/
Community
News
INDUSTRY TRENDS

Since 2004:
• More than 2,100 newspapers
have closed.
• Print advertising, the industry’
s
primary revenue source, has
declined by more than half.
• Just two entities, Google and
Facebook, monopolize almost
80% of all local digital adver-
tising revenue.
• Nonprofit models to help
sustain and grow community
service-oriented news outlets
have emerged. Examples
include:
2016: Philadelphia Inquirer
joins the Tampa Bay Times as
the only nonprofit metropolitan
daily newspapers.
2016: Phoenix Jewish News
is acquired by the Phoenix
Jewish Community Foundation
and becomes a nonprofit.
2019: Salt Lake Tribune
receives nonprofit status from
the IRS.

m
hayim
hayim
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hayim
ay
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m
ayim
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ha
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hayi
ayim
ayim
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ha
ay

38
8
3:38
3 38
38
8
3:3
:38
8
3:38
8
3:3
3:38

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only
on
nly
only
y
only
only
y
only
nly
y
on
n y

only
ly
l
only
nly
ly
only
only
nly
on
only
only
y
only
y
only
nly
y
n y

ook
nook
nook
ok
k
nook
nook
nook
no
oo
noo
ok
k
no
o
noo
ok
ok
o

year
year
year
ye
e
yea
ye
e
yea
a
ea
ar
ear
r
year
ea
ar
ye
ea
ar
y
w

at
at
at
at
at
at
t
a

t
at
at
t
at
a

at
at
t
at
t
at
at
t
at
at
at
t
a

k
task
task
sk
k
task
ta
as
task
sk
k
ta
as
sk
k
ask
t

time
time
time
time
ime
time
tim
me
me
e
t me
me
time
me
e
m

time
time
ime
e
tim
time
e
ti
ime
e
ti
i
time
t me
e
d

1
1171
1171
1171
1171
1171
117
7
171
1 71
1171
117
71
1 71
117
71
117
71
1 71
7
1 7
17
1
1
f llen
f lle
l
ll n
ll
l

not
not
not
not
t
not
t
no
no

t
not
not
no
ot
t
not
no
ot
t
not
ot
no

called
called
d
l d
called
cal
all
al
ll
alled
calle
lle
alle
ed
cal
alle
le
ed
alled
calle
a le
ed
ca e

called
called
lled
called
ll d
ca
calle
all
led
alle
ed
lled
ca
call
led
ca
a ed
d
cal
l

called
call
all
ll
l
lle
called
d
lled
all
l
calle
alle
alle
ed
led
ed
ca
al e
l
call
ll
a

ghteously
righteously
righteously
ighteou
hteously
ht
s
hteous y
us
hteousl
ly
sly
y
righteousl
righteo
ighteou
ht
ht
teou
te
eou
eo
ou
usly
righteous
righte
ig
gh
ht
te
eousl
rig
rig
gh
hte
gh
hteo
e
righteou
us
righ
h
r g

blessed
lessed
essed
blessed
bl
bless
blesse
le
essed
s
ss
esse
ed
b esse
s
blessed
bles
s
bles
ss
se
ed
ble
d
b

blessed
blessed
essed
d
essed
lessed
bless
bless
sed
d
bles
ss
se
ed
d
bles
ss
ss
se
e
esse
ed
d
blesse
es
s
b
e

sat
sat
sa
sat
sa
a
sa
at
t
sa
a
sa
a
sa
s

hadas
hadas
das
hadas
adas
adas
da
hada
das
adas
hadas
h das
as
s
had s
hadas
a
had
had
hada

ffi
fficers
rs
offic
f
off
fi
icer
ffice
officers
f
off
ffice
f
officers
c
office
office
er
rs
icers
of ce
er
officers
off
ffic
ce
e
o

memory
memory
memo
emor
memor
memory
r
memory
memo
mem
memo
me
memory
mor
memor
memor
ry
y
mem
emo
emo
mem
memo
em
mo
m
emo
o
memor
memory
ry
y
memory
memor
emo
emory
e
me
mem
mo
memor
ry
ry
y
memo
mem
m
mem
mory
ry
memory
y
me
me
mem
em
m
mem ry
mem
y
m

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memory
mo
emor
memor
memory
memory
memo
memo
emor
emo
mory
m
emo
or
mor
ry
emory
mem
mem
mor
me
memory
y
mem
memo
emor
m m
y

me
me
e
me
e
me
me
me
me
e
me
me
me
e
me
me
e
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
e
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
e
me
me
me
e
me
me
me
me
me
me
e
me
me
e
me
e
me
me
me
e
me
me
me
m mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
o
mo
mo
mo
mo
o
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
o
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
o
mo
mo
o
mo
mo
o
mo
mo
mo
mo
o
mo
o
mo
o
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
o
mo
mo
o
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
o
mo
mo
mo
mo
o
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
mo
m ry
ry
ry
y
ry
ry
ry
y
ry
ry
ry
ry
y
ry
ry
ry
ry
ry
ry
y
ry
ry
y
ry
ry
ry
ry
ry
y
ry
ry
ry
y
ry
ry
ry
y
ry
y
ry
ry
ry
y
ry
ry
ry
y
ry

364—marc
8-9364—march
h
9364—m
8-9364—ma
9364
march
64
march
arch
9364—march
8 9364—march
64
m
64—m
ma
a
9364—mar
marc
c
64—march
h
8 9364—
8-93
9364
8 936
64
m
—ma
64—ma
ar
8-9364—marc
364—march
h
8 9364—
93 4—mar
8-9364—marc
ch
8 9
8 9
9364—m
6
8-9364
36
3
8
64

ta
nstant
stant
consta
stant
on
onst
onst
stan
st
t
nstant
an
stant
t
cons
cons
on
nsta
an
an
nt
constant
constant
on
constant
on

nprecedented
unprecedented
unprecedented
unprecedented
nprecedented
cedented
ecedented
unprecedented
nprecedent
ente
t
nprecedent
dented
d
recedente
ecedente
ed
nprecede
precede
en
unprecedented
d
unprecedented
precedented
unp
nprecedente
re
ece
ced
unprecede
nprecede
de
nprecedent
precedented
dented
d
n
unp
pr
pre
e e
nprecede
en
ceden
nt
ted
e
un
unprecede
c
ece
e
eced
d
unprecede
precede
receden
unp
nprece
p

help
hel
lp
help
help
help
he
help
elp
help
hel
lp
h
p

d
judg
judges
judges
j dge
dges
judge
ges
judges
ju
ud
d
udg
dge
e
udge
es
es
s
ju
udg
udge
es
udges
ud
judge
judge
e
judg
ju g
j
g
j

judge
judges
judges
dg
g
dge
e
ges
udg
d
judg
dg
dg
ge
es
udge
dg
ge
es
dges
s
udg
ge
e
judges
s
u g
judg

18
18
18
8
18
18
18
18

traffic
traffi
af
ffi
ff
ff
f
traf
t affic
af
ffi
af
ffic
fic
c
traffic
traffic
traf
aff
ff
fic
c
raffic
tr
ra
tr
fi
fi

00
00
0
171
17100
71
7100
100
0
17100
0
17
1710
00
1

er
were
e
we
were
were
we
ere
e
we
er
er
ere
e
e

ovements
movements
me
ement
movemen
ovements
ovemen
ment
ment
ts
ements
ovem
movements
ovem
men
vemen
ovements
t
ovements
ts
movements
movement
ove
ovement
ovem
ove
vemen
me
s
move
eme
veme
ents
vemen
movemen
n s
movem
ovem n
mov
o

rne
n
orn
ne
corner
r
corner
co
or
rner
r
cor
rn
ner
er
r

colif
colif
o
co
colif
lif
oli
col
ol f
olif
co
co
olif
if
f
colif
colif
colif
ol

liberated—and
an
liberated—and
berated—and
b
ated
and
d
liberated—and
an
and
ated—and
ted
rate
te
ted
d
erated—and
berated—an
nd
b
ated
and
rated—and
ated—and
b
ated
and
ate
ed
d—and
be
e
ibe
er
ra
ate
ed—

be
er
ra
—and
n
b
te
l

ancient
ent
ancien
ncient
ancient
ancien
nci
ie
en
nt
t
an
nc
anc
cien
ncien
en
n
cient
t
ancien
en
ncient
a

e
one
on
ne
e
ne
one
on
ne
ne

e
one
one
on
n
one
e
on
ne
e
one
on

tributes
bute
tributes
tributes
ut
bu
ute
but
tribut
t
bute
ibute
ibutes
tributes
ribut
ibute
ute
es
tr
rib
ib
bute
es
tributes
but
te
butes
s
tri
i

omforted
omfort
forte
omforted
comforted
f
ted
f
t
mfor
rte
ed
d
omforted
comfo
mf
fo
o
omfo
or
rt
t
mforte
ed
d
comforte
mf
fo
or
rte
ed
d
co
om
mfort
mf
fo
o
co
o
com
com

vast
st
vast
vast
va
ast
st
va
va
ast
st
t
va
ast
a

0th
60th
60th
60th
60th
60
60t
0t
60th
th
h
60th
h
60
0t
th
60
0 h
th
h
6

genuine
genuine
nuine
enu
nu
genuine
nui
uine
ine
e
ge
e
genu
nu
uine
i
nuine
enuine
ge
enuine
ge
enu
ge
e
g

person
rson
person
perso
erso
on
pe
erso
r
ers
rs
ers
perso
rso
on
pe
per
pers
ers
so
perso
on
n
per
ers
son
n
per
n
pe
p

d
address
address
ddress
dd
address
res
address
add
dd
add
dre
addre
es
s
address
ad
addres
dr
dress
ess
ad
ddr
dre
es
ad
ddre

learns
rns
learn
arns
s
lea
ear
rn
ns
lear
rn
ns
learns
lea
ear
rn
earn
earn
l a

arns
learns
learns
learns
ar
earn
earn
learn
rns
s
earns
a
ea
arn
n
earn
earn
rn
ns
ea
arn
rn
n
e

learn
learns
earns
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learns
learns
learns
s
arns
ea
ea
ar
rn
ns
s
earns
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ar
lea
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may
may
may
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ma
may
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ma
ma
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ma
ma
ay
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ma
ma
ma
ma
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may
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ma
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may
m y

may
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ma
may
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ay
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ma
ay
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y
ma
ay
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s
as
as
s
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s
as
s
as
as
s

as
s
as
as
as
s
as
as
a

as
s
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s
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s
as
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s
as

as
s
as
as
as
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as
s
as
s

as
as
as
as
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as
s
as
s
as
as
as

as
as
as
as

s
as
as
as
as
as
as
s
as
as
as
as
as
as

samuel
l
samuel
amu
muel
muel
amu
ue
samue
ue
el
l
samue
mue
el
l
sa
amu
ue

had
ha
had
had
ha
ad
had
d
ha
had
d
had
ha
ad
ha
a

had
d
ad
had
ad
had
ad
had
had
d
ha

had
d
had
d
had
h d
had
d
had
d
had
d
a

whence
hence
whence
when
h n
when
nc
hence
whenc
wh
hen
nc
nce
ce
e
whe
wh
whe
wh
henc
e
hen
whence
nc
whence
e
wh n e

wayne
wayne
wayne
wayne
wayne
way
y
ay
wayne
yn
n
yne
wayne
wa
ay
ay
y
wayn
n
wayne
wayne
wayne
wa
ay
yne
wa
ay
y

t
bu
b t
bu
ut
t
but
bu
bu
ut
t
but
b

mem
memorial
al
l
emori
memor
morial
i
oria
memorial
memo
memo
oria
emorial
emori
moria
orial
mem
me
memo
o
memoria
al
l
me
emo
oria
me
o
memo
m

ar
r
are
re
e
are
are
ar
re
ar
are
e
are
a e

re
re
e
are
are
re
e
are
a

lifetime
lifetime
fetime
lifetime
if
fet
ifetime
ti
ime
me
if
fet
fe
et
et
tim
time
if
fet me
if
fe
et
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means
ns
means
mea
me
ean
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an
ns
me
ea
an
ns
mean
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m a

pouring
pouring
pouring
rin
pourin
pouring
ri
pourin
ourin
ng
g
po
pouring
pou
ou
ur
ourin
ng
n
pouring
ng
pouring
g
po
ouri
ou
ur
ring
i
ouring
ng
ou
ur
r
pourin
ng
po
ou
g
p

11
11
1
11
11
11

11
11
11
1

11
11
11
11
11
1
11
0
1906
06
1906
1906
90
0
906
19
906
6
906
6
190
06
190

laymen
me
aym
laymen
laym
ay
aymen
e
men
n
laym
ay
aymen
ym
me
ayme
en
n
ay
ay
yme
ym
men
men
n
ay
ym
me
men
n
lay
y
as
as
as

inisters
ist
ministers
t
nisters
minis
mi
minister
n
ministe
minister
ministers
sters
s
minis
min
iniste
minist
te
ers
s
mini
min
ministers
ers
t r
m

hour
hours
hours
hour
ur
rs
s
hours
ho
our
urs
ho
ou
urs
s
ho
ours
ho
hour

hour
hours
ours
ho
ours
hours
our
our
rs
s
hours
hours
hours
hou
hou s
ou
h

events
t
ents
n
ents
s
events
vents
e
eve
even
ven
nt
t
vents
s
even
vents
ents
s
ev
ve
e
ven
nts
ev

ing
ng
ng
ing
g
ing
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ing
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g
ing
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ing
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te
e
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ac
c
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ea
t a

sar
sar
ar
sar
sar
sa
ar
ar
sar
s r
ar

sa
a
sar
ar
r
sa
ar
r
sa
sa
ar
sar

egatio
delegation
delegation
delegation
delegation
elegation
t
delegatio
ion
io
elegatio
l
eleg tio
egati
elegatio
io
delegatio
gation
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g
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tio
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n
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at
ti
io
o
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de
el
leg
eg
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a
gat
tion
de
deleg
ga
delegation
de
ele

ay
dayan
dayan
da
day
yan
da
aya
ya
daya
an
da
da
a
day
yan
da
aya
an
day
ay
y

occurred
occurred
occurred
occurred
urred
d
occurre
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curre
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curred
d
oc
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re
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cc
r
c

eede
needed
ed
needed
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needed
needed
needed
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de
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d
nee
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need
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de
ed
needed
need
n

consistently
nsistently
consistently
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consistently
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onsistently
st
consistently
n
sistently
tl
onsistently
onsistently
iste
st
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ste
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sisten
consisten
nsisten
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tl
tly
nsistently
on
nsist
ten
e t
nsistently
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co
ons
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i
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s s
co

of
of
of
of
of

of
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converged
converged
d
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d
co
conver
rg
g
nverge
verge
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v
onv
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er
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d
co
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nv
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rg
ge
g
nverged
d
con
onv
nve
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ge
e
conv
ve
e g
o
g
n
g

l

r
more
e
mo
mo
or
ore
e
more
more
mo
or
more
mor
o
r

community
community
community
community
mmun
community
ity
munity
ommunity
n
mmuni
communit
ty
y
mm
mu
u
ommu
un
mmuni
ommunit
mmunity
community
mmunity
community
omm
ommu
mmuni
mm
mm
m
commu
mmu
un
mmunit
ity
munity
co
omm
om
mmunit
com
mm
mu
y
om
comm
y

community
community
unity
ity
ity
nity
ni
mmunity
munit
ty
unity
ommunity
munity
m
ommu
m
ommunity
uni
mmuni
it
ty
ommunit
ommuni
mmunity
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mmuni
mm
mm
mun
mun
uni
unity
y
omm
mun y
omm
mmu
y
o

ity
ty
munity
ty
community
community
m
ommunit
mmunit
mmunit
mmunity
y
community
communit
community
community
u
ommu
mmun
ni
n
munit
t
munity
y
mmunit
mmu
mu
ommun
nity
om
om
mmun
mmu
mmunity
nit
unity
y
omm
om
mmu
mmun
ni
omm

p
people
people
people
e
people
ple
ople
peop
eo
op
people
pe
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op
ople
e
peo
opl
people
p op
p
p

people
people
eople
eople
le
ople
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ople
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ple
ple
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pl
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ple
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people
people
ople
eople
people
le
peop
peop
eople
peop
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pl
people
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ple
people
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people
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p
p
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people
people
eople
eople
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pl
le
ple
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pl
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p
p

t
incorporating
incorporating
ncorporating
tin
ncorporatin
ncorporating
orporating
g
ora
at
orat
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orporating
ting
orporating
g
nco
corp
orp
po
po
or
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porating
orat
ncorporatin
ng
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nco
ncorpo
nc
co
cor
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rp
p
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orating
at
rati
poratin
n
ncorporating
g
nc
corporati
o porating
at
nco
o
g
p

yond
beyond
d
beyond
eyon
eyond
nd
yond
beyond
b y
eyon
nd
d
be
bey
yond
eyon
n
eyond
d
be
ey
ey
y
bey
yon
on
ond
bey
yon
nd
be
eyo
y

nation
nation
nation
nation
natio
natio
nati
io
io
nation
na
at
ti
ion
io
o
na
at
ti
io
tio
o
tion
na
at
t o
nation
nat

a
ent
ardent
ard
d
rdent
t
arde
rd
rd
rd
den
en
nt
arden
ard
den
den
nt
t
arde
en
n

becom
become
become
e
become
e
ome
om
come
become
become
ecome
eco
com
com
om
om
m
ecome
e
be
ec
eco
om
om
me
be
eco
o
ecom
ec

1966
96
66
66
6
966
1966
19
196
96
196
6
96
66
6
96
66
6
96
66
6
19

1966
96
66
6
1966
1966
1966
1966
966
66
6
1966
966
96
66
6
966
1966
9

gu
u
agogue
ynagogue
e
synagogue
og
g
synagogue
ue
synagogue
sy
ynagog
yn
yn
na
ago
agogue
ag
synagogue
go
og
gu
ue
ue
e
ynagogue
synago
sy
ynagog
yn
n
yna
a
synagogu
go
ogu
u
ynagogue
sy
ynagog
y a
ynago
ago u
s
gog
y
g

so
o
so
o
so
so

uthoritative
authoritative
horitative
authoritative
t tiv
i
oritative
h
it tiv
horitative
ative
horit
uthorit
uthorit
tativ
ti
itative
v
uthoritative
oritative
e
uthoritativ
thoritativ
th
horitat
r
thorit
rita
a
uthoritat
tiv
oritative
e
ut
tho
ho
orita
at
ti
uthoritativ
uthoritativ
v
ut
th
hori
u
r

lation
appellation
appellation
appell
pellatio
ppellat
ppellatio
ion
n
ation
pel
ppellatio
l
ella
at
ellatio
appellation
n
appellation
appellati
ppellat
ppell
pellati
ppel
e
pellati
la
ppellation
ppellation
pp
pp
pe
el
lla
pellation
o
ppellation
pellation
ap
pp
pe a
ap

10
10
10
10
10
10

gave
gave
ga
gave
ve
ga
av
av
v
gav
ve
e
ga
ga
av
ve
e
ga
av
ve
g

traditions
raditions
trad
ditio
itio
t
aditio
aditions
ns
traditions
traditions
t
dition
ditions
traditio
dition
raditions
itio
raditions
traditi
d
traditions
ition
tradition
ns
rad
adit
tio
tr
ra
trad
s
r

dignitaries
dignitaries
gnitarie
nitarie
ignitaries
dignitaries
i
gnitar
it
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tarie
tarie
dignitaries
rie
ignitaries
arie
e
taries
s
dig it
dignit
gnitar
a
ignitarie
r
gnitari
ie
dignitarie
dignitarie
es
s
dignitar
dignitarie
gn
n
dignitaries
it
tarie
gnitaries
s
dignita
gn
nitar e
aries
dignit
ta
ignitaries
d gn
ig
g

h
whe
e
when
when
when
whe
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when
n
whe
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en
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wh
wh
whe

when
when
when
when
when
whe
h
whe
when
when
when
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hen
when
when
when
whe
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when
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n
when
when

when
when
when
when
wh n
whe
wh
he
hen
wh
he
en
when

wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
o
wo
wo
o
wo
wo
o
wo
wo
o
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
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wo
wo
wo
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wo
wo
wo
wo
wo
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wo
o
wo
wo
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worl
rl
rl
rl
rl
rl
l
rl
rl
rl
rl
l
rl
rl
rl
rl
rl
rl
rl
rl
rl
l
rl
rl
l
rl
rl
l
rl
rl
rl
rl
rl
rl
rl
l
rl
l
rl
rl
rl
rl
rl
r d

orld
world
world
l
world
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ld
ld
orld
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orl
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wo
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world
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or
orl
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world
rl

world
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world
wo
worl
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rl
worl
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d
orld
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wo
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ld
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wo
orld
wor d

world
wo
wor
orl
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d
orld
world
world
world
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world
wor
worl
world
r
world
ld
d
worl
world
world
wor d
wo d

ian
christians
christians
ristia
ristians
christians
hris
hr
ris
stian
st
sti
hristia
ristia
stians
n
ristian
tians
s
hristians
hristians
hrist
is
stians
st
tian
tia
ians
a
christia
tian
ns
ristians
ch
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t a
stia
hristians
ch
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t ans
ch
hr
hristia
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t

all
l
ll
all
al
all
l
ll
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all
al
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all
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all
all
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all
all
all
ll
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all
all
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all
all
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all
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irthday
birthd
birthday
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h
birth
irthday
d
birthda
birthday
birthday
birth
birthday
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hd
rthda
a
hday
y
rt
thda
ay
bir
rt
thday
birt
th
hda
ay
y
birt
thd y
b

detroit—ve
detroit—v
it—v
detroit—ve
troit—v
t—ve
it
ve
troit—ve
detroit—ve
etroit—
etroit—ve
oit—v
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it
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v
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detro
de
et
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t—

roit—v
v
detroit—ve
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etroit—ve
detroi
de
et
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every
ry
ry
y
every
every
ev
very
ve
eve
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ry
y
ry
every
ev
v
ev
very
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ever
ery
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v

w
k
works
works
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works
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works
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or
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work
work
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work
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work
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work
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wor
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work
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work
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6.00
6.0
0
6.00
0
6.00
6 00
6 00
6 00
00
6 00
6.00
6 0
0
6 00
0
6 00
6.0

planned
planned
ned
d
planned
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plann
l n
anned
plan
nn
nn
nn
ned
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ne
planned
d
planne
planne
a
la
ann
nn
n
planne
planne
anned
d
plann
pl
la
ann
ne
nned
d
plan
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p a
p a
p

globe
globe
lobe
b
globe
obe
ob
be
glob
globe
lobe
ob
obe
o
glob
b
lob
globe
be
globe
lo
ob
o
lo
ob
b
lob
b
obe
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glob
be
globe
o
g

collection
ection
collection
collection
tion
olle
ll
ollec
llect
t
cti
collectio
llectio
ollectio
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n
lle
ect
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t
ollectio
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llectio
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n
co
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ol
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ectio
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ollectio
tion
n
co
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co
co

well
well
well
w ll
well
we
ell
well
we
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w

well
wel
l
well
wel
well
ell
l
ell
we
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we
we
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we
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well
well
l
ell
l
ll
well
wel
well
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well
well
we
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we l
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deadly
deadly
y
dl
dl
l
ead
a
ea
deadly
d
deadly
y
deadly
eadly
ead
ea
adly
y
dea
adl
dly
y
dead y
a
y

interpretin
nterpreti
rpreting
nterpreting
interpreting
nterpreting
ti
nterpreting
ng
g
interpreting
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p
nterpr
pr
ret
nterpre
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tin
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terpreting
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e
ter
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e ing
inte preti
pret
eting
g
interp

libertarian
libertarian
bertarian
rta
iberta
bertaria
ibertaria
i n
bertarian
rtarian
ertarian
ibertaria
be t
bertaria
tarian
ar
ertar
bertaria
an
ibe
bertar
ri
ia
an
be
ert
ta
ar
liberta
ib
be
liberta ia
an
e

dnes
d
kindness
kindness
indnes
d
kindn
s
ndness
ss
kindness
kindn
ki dn
ndness
es
ss
ness
kind
indn
nd
dnes
kindnes
ss
ndness
s
kindness
kin
ndn
ki
kindne
n

great
great
reat
great
reat
at
t
great
rea
reat
rea
grea
at
t
great
re
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eat
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reat
eat
rea
great
at
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great
gre
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t
gre
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reat
t
gre
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t
eat
gr
re
eat
t
grea
g

eat
t
great
gre t
great
reat
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t
grea
grea
rea
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ea
at
t
gre
reat
e
rea
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grea

great
t
gre
grea
grea
at
great
t
gr
gre
re
ea
at
at
t
gr
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eat
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great
gr
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great

great
great
eat
great
reat
ea
at
eat
t
grea
rea
eat
t
gr
re
eat
t
grea
gr
reat
gr
r

by
y
by
by
by
by
by
y
by
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by
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by

by
by
by
by
by
y
by
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by
y
by
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by
by
by
by
y
by
by
y
by
y
by
by
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by
by
by
bs
ask
sk
as
a

man
an
man
ma
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ma
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ma
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man
m

an
an
n
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man
ma
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ma
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man
man
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man
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ma
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man
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man
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m n

n
man
man
ma
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n
ma
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man
ma
an
n
man
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ma
an
n
ma
man
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president
presiden
president
sident
esident
res
resid
esident
resident
t
i
side
ident
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den
n
presiden
nt
t
pre
pres
re
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residen
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preside
en
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t
preside
resid
esi
id
de
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den
n
dent
t
re
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id
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pre
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p

with
it
with
with
i
with
it
th
wit
i h
wit
th
h
wit
with
i
wit

h
ith
with
ith
wit
th
h
with
with
h
with
wi
it
th
h
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with
with
wit
th
th
h
t
it
th
with
h
wit
w th
h
with
wi
with
w

7

7

m
t
must
must
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s
mus
st
st
must
mu
mus
st
t
mu
mus
s
must
mu

t
st
must
mu
must
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must
must
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m
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he
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he
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mes
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s
omes
comes
co
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come
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m
om
comes
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comes
me
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mes
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there
there
h
ther
there
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he
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here
there
e
the
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re
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th
her

her
he
there
there
there
th
h
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there
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there
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th
her

he
there
here
the
the
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weekly
weekly
weekly
kl
weekly
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w
kly
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week
week
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f
life
life
if
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life
life
f
life
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life
fe
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life
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life
lif
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that
hat
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tha
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protection
e
protect
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t
cti
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protection
rotectio
on
protection
protection
rotection
prote
te
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ct
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pr
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pr
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ti
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pro e
protection
pr
protect
p

u e
cause
cau
ca
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au
use
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ca
ause
ca
au
use
cause
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u
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se
cause
cau
ause
se
ca
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cause
use
cause
aus

cortege
cortege
cortege
cortege
cortege
cor
cort
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cort
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cor
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itie
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citie
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cities
citi
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tie
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s
cit
ities
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c t
cit
tie
itie
es
s
citi
c
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s
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m
coma
oma
a
coma
co
oma
a
coma
co
coma
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co
om
coma
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an
an
an
an
an
an

n
an
an
n
an
n
an

n
an
an
n
an
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an
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chronicle
chronicle
hronic
nicle
nicle
hronicle
h
chron
hronicl
onic
icle
le
ch
hroni
n
hronic
nic
chronicle
e
chronic
hronicl
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edit
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righteousness
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greenberg—a
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27
27
27
27
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27
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27
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27
27
27
27
27
7

organ
rgani
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theologi
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