Looking Back

From the William Davidson Digital Archive of Jewish Detroit History

accessible at www.djnfoundation.org

70 | DECEMBER 19 • 2019 

Philip Slomovitz – Dean of 
Jewish American Journalists
W

hen you write for 
a newspaper, you 
have to work with a 
unique group of people called 
“editors.
” Over the years, my col-
umns have been scrutinized by 
an editor or two. 
 While some 
writers have a, 
ahh, let’
s say, a 
somewhat conten-
tious relationship 
with their editors 
(How dare you 
change my article? 
Every word is 
perfect!), I have found the edi-
tors at the JN are great to work 
with. They correct my grammar, 
make some great suggestions 
and, most important, sometimes 
save me from myself when they 
spot mistakes in my work. 
From its very first issue, the 
JN has been blessed with out-
standing editors and writers. I 
say this as a statement of fact 
— I am not trying to butter up 
my editors. I was reminded of 
this fact when I ran across an 
article in the William Davidson 
Digital Archive of Jewish 

Detroit History from the Dec. 
7, 1990, issue of the JN titled 
“In Retrospect.
” It is an essay 
about legendary editor, Philip 
Slomovitz, who was “retir-
ing” from writing his weekly 
“Purely Commentary” column 
at the tender age of 94. “Purely 
Commentary” first debuted in 
1937 when Slomovitz was edi-
tor of the JN’
s predecessor, the
Detroit Jewish Chronicle.
Slomovitz was born in 
Russian in 1896 and immigrated 
to the United States in 1910. He 
earned a degree in journalism 
at the University of Michigan, 
where he was on the staff of 
its student newspaper, The 
Michigan Daily. 
After graduation, Slomovitz 
worked at the Detroit News for 
a few years before becoming the 
editor of the Jewish Chronicle. 
He made a name for himself at 
the Chronicle for his writing and 
editing, including his reports 
on the anti-Semitism of Henry 
Ford’
s Dearborn Independent 
in the 1920s and that of the 
notorious “Radio Priest,
” 
Father Coughlin, in the 1930s. 

Slomovitz was also an early 
supporter of the Jewish 
Telegraphic Agency, the 
Associated Press of the 
Jewish world.
On March 27, 1942, 
Slomovitz was the creator 
and founding editor/publish-
er of the Detroit Jewish News. 
Under his leadership, the JN
reported news of Detroit’
s 
Jewish community, events from 
around the world, including 
WWII and the Holocaust and 
supported the establishment of 
Israel. Slomovitz was also one 
of the few Jewish American 
reporters covering the Adolph 
Eichmann trial onsite in Israel.
Slomovitz, much like his 
successor editors at the JN, was 
heavily involved in civic affairs. 
He was a founder of the Detroit 
Roundtable of Christians and 
Jews, served as president of 
the local branch of the Jewish 
National Fund and held posi-
tions in the American Jewish 
Press Association, the Zionist 
Organization of Detroit and the 
Detroit chapter of the American 
Jewish Congress. 

It is amazing that Slomovitz 
did all of the above while legal-
ly blind most of his life. He 
received many awards, includ-
ing induction into the Michigan 
Journalism Hall of Fame in 
1993, the same year he died. It is 
little wonder that Slomovitz was 
considered the dean of Jewish 
American journalists. The JN is 
his legacy. 

Want to learn more? Go to the DJN 

Foundation archives, available for free 

at www.djnfoundation.org.

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chm
hma
hm
ma
hma
hman
ma
ann
n
hmann's
mann
mann's
n
ann s
nn s

years
years
years
ye
ye
ea
ea
a
year
yea
ea
ars
yea
year
ye
ea
ea
ar
years
ars

merc
mercy
mercy
me
erc
er
mercy
rc
mercy
me
er
rc
rc
cy
cy
mercy
mer
erc
rc
ercy
cy
rcy

general
gene
ge
e
general
genera
general
ge
en
en
general
ge
en
ner
n
gene
genera
en
ener
neral
era
ral
en
ne
eral
e a
ra
al
al
l

general
genera
general
genera
ge
gener
ge
ge
general
gener
gen
genera
general
ener
e
genera
ener
ge
ge
ge
ene
gen
general
ge
en
n
gen
ne
era
nera
a
ene
en
ne
er
ra
a
ne
ner
ra
era
ra
al
ra
ra
al
al

general
gener l
gene
genera
genera
genera
general
ge
general
ge
gene
ener
ge
gene
en
enera
ne
e
genera
ge
en
ne
er
era
eneral
nera
ra
al
era
al
al
al
however
however
howev
ow
ho
however
o
howeve
ho
ho
ow
wev
w
owev
ever
ow
weve
e
wev
wev
ve
owever
ever
r
ver
ve
er

henchmen
ench
he
enchm
nch
he
en
n
henchmen
enchme
chmen
hm
h
henchmen
henchmen
henchmen
henchmen
enchme
nch
enchme
nc
chme
hm
m
hmen
men
en
n
m n

nferno
inferno
infer
nfern
nf
inferno
nfern
ferno
in
nferno
fe
fe
e
in
nferno
fe
fe
fe
er
rn
fe
fe
er
rn
rn
no
fer
er
rno
o
no
o

voi
oice
voi
voic
voice
voice
voice
vo
oi
i
vo
oi
ic
c
oice
voice
vo
oi
ic
ce
ce
e
ic
ce
e
ce
e

am
am
am
m
am
m
am
m
am
m

murderers
murderer
murderers
murderers
murd
murde
murdere
murd
murde
rderers
rd
de
d
murderers
murde
murdere
urder
ur
rd
rd
d
murderer
murderer
ur
rdere
dere
e
murderers
de er
ers
de
er
re
er
ers
er
rs
s

himself
i
himself
hi
ims
mself
mself
mself
m
hims
hi
im
ms
himself
himself
himsel
imself
ms
self
f
im
ms
mse
se
elf
lf
mself
se
el
lf
lf
elf

16
16
16
16
16
16
6

6
16
16
16
16
16
16

mue
mu
mue
mue
mu
muel
muel
muel
mu
ue
el
l
mue
mu
ue
el
mu
uel
uel
el
el

tape
tape
ta
ta
ta
ape
ta
ta
ap
pe
e
ta
ta
ap
pe
ape
e
tape
ape
e
pe

tape
tape
tape
ta
ta
tape
ta
ta
ap
ap
ta
ta
tape
pe
ap
pe
pe
e
ap
ap
pe
p

he
e
he
he
e
he
he
he
e
he
e
he
e
he
e

he
he
he
he
he
he
e
he
e
he
e
he

he
he
he
he
he
he
he
e
he
he
e
he

he
he
he
he
e
he
e
he
e

he
he
he
he
e
he
he
he
he

he
he
he
e
he
e
he
h

he
he
he
he
he
he
he
e
he
he
e
he
he
he
he
e
he
he
he
e

he
he
he
he
he
he
he
he
he
he
he
he
e
he
he

ast
last
la
a
last
las
as
st
st
t
as
st
st
t
ast
st
t
a

las
l st
la
last
a
la
as
st
last
la
as
st
t
st

comme
commentary
commentary
comm
om
ommentary
m
omm
commenta
commentary
om
omment
mm
ommen
ommentary
mmen
mm
me
me
entary
t
mmen
mm
mm
men
nt
ta
me
men
enta
ta
ar
ry
nt
tary
ar
ry
y
ta
ary

mile
mile
mi
mile
mile
mi
il
ile
mil
il
mile
mi
il
ile
le
e
il
ile
e

9

heinrich
heinrich
heinrich
heinrich
he
einrich
ei
inri
he
he
ein
ei
inrich
einric
ri
heinri h
he
heinr
ei
in
nric
nr
nric
ri
ein
nri
ri
ich
nr
ri
ri
ich
h
ric
rich
h
ric
ch
h

un
union
unio
unio
un
unio
union
union
un
uni
io
io
on
ion
ni
io
io
on
n
on
n
i

great
great
gr
grea
gr
great
grea
gr
re
eat
gre
gr
rea
ea
at
t
eat
eat
at

xxxix
xxxi
xxxix
xxxix
xx
xx
xxxix
xxxix
xxxix
xx
xx
xix
xxxix
xxxix
xxi
xx
xx
xx
xx
xix
x
xx
xx
xx
xx
x
xxix
xxi
xix

atone
atone
tone
at
at
tone
tone
ato
atone
tone
one
at
to
one
on
n
aton
aton
at
at
tone
to
one
one
to
on
one
e
one
on
ne
ne
ne
e
o e
n

interrogator
interrogator
interro
interrogat
nterrogato
interrogato
interrogat
in
nterrogat
errogator
interrogato
nt
te
te
nterrogat
er
r
interro
nte
nt
ter
r
errogato
r
nterr
te
terr
ro
og
ter
rro
og
ga
ator
rr
ro
rogat
ogat
gator
ga
ga
a o
og
ga
at
to
to
or
gator
to
to
or
ga
ato
or
r
or
r

holocaust
holocaust
holo
holocau
ho
olo
locau
ocau
holocaus
ol
lo
lo
o
ho
olocaust
ol
locaus
locaust
cau
lo
ocaus
u
oca
ca
ca
au
us
st
st
ust
ust
ca st
st

p

prosecution
prosecuti
prosecution
prosecu
rosecution
prosecution
pr
ro
rosecution
prosecution
prosec
pr
ro
rosecuti
osecu
rosecut
rosecution
ecution
prosecution
ose
osecution
secution
e
prosecutio
rosecu
se
ec
cut
p os
secuti
se
ecut
cution
cu
ut
ecutio
ec
cutio
tio
ion
cu
cu
uti
ti
io
on
ut
ti
io
on
on
n

prosecut
prosecution
prosecution
osecuti
prosecuti
prosecuti
prosec
rosecution
secution
prosecutio
prosecution
prose
osecu
secut
pro
osecution
osecut
os
se
se
e
pr
ro
osec
os
se
ec
cu
cu
cutio
p os
se
ecutio
cu
ut
cuti
secution
ecu
ution
ut
ti
tio
ut
ution
tio
on
on
tio
on
on

jerusalem
jerusalem—fif
jerusalem—fif
erusalem—
jerusalem—fif
je
erusalem—fif
erusalem
erusalem—fi
rusalem—fif
jerusalem—fif
je
erusalem—fif
erusalem—fif
rusalem—fif
jerusalem
je
erusalem—f
ru
usalem—fif
jer
erusalem
eru
usa
us
erus
salem—fif
sa
salem—fif
erusalem
er
ru
usa
rusalem—fif
rusalem
ru
usalem
sa
sa
a e
usalem—fif
usalem
us
sa
a em
salem—fif
alem—
alem
le
em—fif
m—
em
em—fif
em
m—
m—f
m—f
m—
m—
—fif
fif
if
fif
fi
if
f
f fteen
te
te
teen
te
te
te
te
tee
e
te
tee
ee
e
ee
en
tee
tee
en
n
en
en

direc
direct
irect
r c
rec
r c
salut
salut
sa
salu
salut
salu
alut
salut
salu
sa
salut
salut
salu
alut
alu
salu
salut
salut
sa
salu
salut
salut
salu
sa
alut
alut
ut
salut
sa
salu
lut
salut
salut
alut
alut
alut
salut
salut
salut
salut
alu
salu
ut
t
l
salu
alut
al
sa
al
a u
al
alut
alut
lut
ut
t
alu
alu
alut
lut
lut
ut
lu
lut
ut
ut
ut
t
ut
t
ut
te
el
el
l
el
l
el
el
el
l
el
el

given
given
iven
given
given
ve
gi
iv
iven
ve
given
gi
iv
iv
ve
ve
e
give
given
gi
iv
ve
en
n
gi
iv
ven
ve
en
n
en
en
n

8-9364—detroit
8-936
9364—detroit
8-9364—detroit
8-9364—detroit
9364—det
9364—detro
364—detroit
364—detroit
8-9
93
9364
364—detroit
6
8-9364—detroit
-9
936
93
3 4
8-9364—de
-9364—
9364
364
64—
364—det
9364—detro
364—det
4—
364—detroit
364—
64—detro
64—detroit
—d
—detr
—d
detroi
detro
etr
— etroit
tr
r
de
etro
ro
o
etroit
troi
it
it
t
tr
tro
ro
oit
t
oit

testifie
testifi
testified
testified
te
test
e tif
testifie
te
es
st
testifie
tif
f
testified
te
estifi
stified
estifie
estified
fi
stif
f
tifie
ed
stifie
if
fie
ie
ed
d
fie
ie
ed
d
ed
ed

than
th
th
th
tha
han
an
tha
ha
an
n
ha
ha
an
han

than
than
th
ha
tha
th
ha
ha
ha
an
an
than
th
han
ha
an
an
n
ha
an
ha
a

c

shop
shop
h
sh
shop
h
sh
shop
sh
ho
shop
op
p
shop
ho
ho
op
op
p
op
n

eyes
eyes
eyes
ey
ye
ey
ye
yes
es
es
s
eyes
ye
es
s
yes
s
yes
y s

came
ca
am
am
me
ca
am
me
e
am
me
e
me
me

r.--4
r
4
r.--4
-4
4

had
ha
had
ad
had
had
ha
ha
ad
d
ha
ha
ad
d
had
ad
d
ad

recess
recessed
recesse
reces
reces
ece
recessed
re
re
eces
rec
ce
re
re
ec
ce
es
ess
recesse
recesse
recesse
ecess
ss
s
essed
se
e
se
esse
e
s d

gestap
gestapo
gesta
gestapo
estapo
estapo
gestap
ge
gestapo
gesta
gesta
ge
est
ge
estap
st
ge
es
estap
st
ta
ap
es
st
st
ta
ap
po
ta
ap
ap
po
po

on
on
n
on
on
on
on

on
on
n
on
on
ne
e
one
one
on
on
ne
e
one
ne
e

fingers
finge
finger
fing
finge
fingers
fi
fin
nge
fi
fingers
ng
ngers
ge
ger
finge
fi
fin
ngers
ng
ge
ge
er
fi
finge
ngers
ng
gers
ge
er
r
ge
er
rs
ge
ers
s
wa
as
as
s
a

concludi
conc
co
concluding
concluding
concluding
uding
conclu
concluding
concluding
onclud
o
concluding
concluding
onc
ncl
cludin
cl
con
conclud
concludin
onc
cl din
on
nc
cl
onclu
ud
din
di
ncludin
nclu
ud
udin
d
cludin
lu
uding
uding
din
di
in
ng
g
ud
ding
ng
ng
g

wil
ll
ill

1961—$5.00
1961—
1961—$5.00
1961—$5.00
961—$5.0
961—
961—$5
61—$5.0
61—$5
61—$5.00
961—$5 0
961—$5.00
61
61—$5 00
1—$5.00
961—$5 0
61—$
61
5 00
1—$5
5.00
5
—$
$5
5.00
5 00
0
$5 0
$5 0
$5 00
0
5 0
5 00
0
00
0

jerusalem
jerusalem
jerusalem
jerusalem
jer
jeru
je
je
erusalem
erusalem
je
erusalem
er
r
jeru
jerusalem
jerusa
eru
rus
rus
us
jerusalem
je
je
erus
er
rusalem
us
us
us
sa
m
er
rusalem
sale
a
ru
usale
al
le
em
usalem
usalem
em
alem
lem
le
le
em
em
em
m

jerusalem
jerusalem
erusalem
jerusalem
erusalem
er
jerus
je
erusalem
er
ru
ru
usalem
erusa
jerusalem
erusale
erusa
ru
ru
usal
usale
sa
alem
erusalem
ru
us
sal
le
usalem
sa
alem
alem
em
m
em
em
m

jerusalem
jerus
jerusalem
jer
erusal
jerusalem
jeru
erusalem
ru
je
erusale
er
er
ru
rusa
u
erus
je
er
erusalem
ru
us
sa
a
sal
jerusalem
ru
usalem
us
salem
sa
alem
salem
alem
le
em
m
alem
em

if
if
if
if
f
if
if
f
if
if
if
f
if
if
f
if
f

transmitted
transmitte
transm
ransmitted
ransmitt d
transmit
ransm
ra
ansmit
ransmi
transmit
transmitt
ransmitte
ansmitte
nsm
nsm
transmitted
tr
ra
ansmitt
an
ns
ns
smitted
s
ansmitted
an
ns
ns
smitt
it
t
ansmitted
mitte
m tt d
mitt
mi
itte
tte
ted
d
t
d
ed

avner
avne
avne
av
vne
v
avne
av
av
av
avner
vn
n
avner
vne
ne
e
ner
vner
ne
ne
er
er
ne
er
r
e

wound
wound
und
wound
wound
wound
woun
wou
und
wo
ou
wo
wo
ou
und
u
woun
nd
d
ou
un
nd
und
d
nd

that
th
th
hat
h
that
th
h
tha
th
th
ha
ha
ha
at
t
th
th
ha
at
t
that
at
t

th
th
h
th
th
th
th
th
th
h
th

tha
th
th
hat
th
h
that
that
ha
at
ha
at
at

ha
th
ha
th
ha
a
that
at
t
hat
tha
a
that
that
ha
at
th
ha
a

that
th
hat
tha
h
that
th
th
hat
h
that
th
ha
ha
a
that
ha
ha
at
at

that
th
th
h
th
th
h
that
th
th
ha
ha
at
t
th
ha
at
t
at
t

that
th
th
h
tha
th
ha
at
that
th
ha
ha
at
t
ha
ha
a
that

that
th
h
th
ha
at
t
that
th
ha
at
at
t
tha
at
t
at
t

that
th
hat
tha
th
h
that
th
h t
th
hat
t

that
th
that
hat
ha
at
t
h
tha
at
at
hat
at
t

that
th
th
ha
at
at
th
th
ha
ha
ha
at
th
ha
at
th
th
ha
at
th
ha
at
a

th
th
ha
that
tha
that
that
tha
ha
at
that
th
ha
a
that
at
t
hat
ha

we
week
week
week
wee
week
we
eek
eek
week
week
ee
ek
k
week
ee
ek
k
week
ek

week
week
wee
week
wee
wee
week
e
we
eek
k
ek
we
ee
eek
k
we
eek
ek
k
ek
k
ek
e

4

4

order
order
ord
or
rd
rd
der
or
rd
rd
der
d
order
de
er
r
der
de
er
er
r e

humanitarian
humanitarian
umanitarian
humanitar
um
um
umanitaria
humanitarian
um
m
humanitaria
humanitar
hu
uma
umanitari
manitar
man
humanitarian
umanitaria
ma
anit
manitaria
manitarian
an
nit
an
ni
itar
it
tari
ta
ar
a it
tari
ia
an
ri
ria
ia
an
n
ia
an
n
r
n

perpetuates
perpetuates
erpetuate
perpetuates
perpetuates
perpetuates
e
perpetuates
erpetuat
er
rp
rp
pet
erpetu
pe
erpetuates
rpetuates
rp
pe
etuate
et
et
rpetuat
p rpe
rp
rpetuates
petu
etuate
et
tu
petuate
ua
at
ates
e
tu
ua
a es
ates
es
s

pronounce
pronou
pro
c
pronounce
pr
pronounce
ronoun
pronounc
pr
ronounce
pronou
onounce
no
pronounc
pr
rono
no
ounce
o
pronoun
pronou
ronou
onou
no
ou
p onounc
onoun
no
ou
ounc
nce
no nc
ce
ounc
unc
ce
e
nc
ce
ce

invited
invited
nvite
nvited
invited
invited
nv
nv
vited
t
nv
nv
vi
ite
ted
nv
nv
vi
ite
te
te
ed
ed
vited
te
ed
ed
ted

extermi
exterminate
xterminate
xtermin
exterminate
exterminate
extermi
xt
xtermi
xtermin
ter
erminate
terminat
rminat
xterm
xtermin
xt
te
erminate
erminat
er
erminat
mina
mina
termin
erminate
erminat
rm
minat
i
rm
mi
in
nate
rmina
mi
ina
a
ina
ate
te
e
na

adolf
adolf
adolf
f
adolf
ado
ad
ad
ado
ad
do
do
do f
ado
ad
do
adol
lf
lf
f
do
do
ol
lf
lf
do
do
olf
ol
said
said
said
said
sai
id
id
aid
a d
era
eral
ra

adolf
adolf
dolf
ad
adolf
ad
ado
ad
dolf
dolf
dolf
adolf
ad
do
olf
adolf
ado
do
dolf
lf
f
do
ol
lf
f
ol
lf
lf

sale
ale

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peace
peace
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minutes
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minutes
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ourt
ou
urthou
courthouse
co
co
ourthous
ourtho
urthous
ur
rt
rt
thous
th
ourthous
h
ourthou
urtho
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rt
th
th
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urthou
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rt ous
us
se
e
o se
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se
e

box
ox
box
bo
bo
o
bo
bo
ox
ox
x
box
bo
bo
ox
ox
x
ox
ox
ox

written
tt
writte
written
wr
writte
ritten
w itten
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writte
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written
it
it
tten
tt
ten
ten
written
wr
wr
ri
it
tt
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en
it
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tt
tt
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itte
te
en
n
en

15c
15c
15
5
15c
5
15c
c
5c
5c
c
5c
c

e
legal
legal
ega
ega
egal
ega
al
egal
eg
ga
ga
al
le
eg
g
legal
ga
a
eg
ga
ga
ega
al
l
ga
al
g l
the
the
th
h

jew
jew
jew
ew
ew
je
e
jew
ew
je
ew
w
je
ew
ew
w
ew
w
j w
efforts
effo
ef
ff
efforts
forts
eff
ef
ef
ff
ff
ffor
ffort
ef
effo
ffo
fo
ort
efforts
ef
effo
ff
ffo
or
rt
rt
ffor
rt
rts
ff
s

charg
charg
charg
charg
ch
charg
charg
charg
charg
ch
h
charg
charg
charg
charg
ch
ha
harg
charg
charg
h
charg
ch
cha
ch
harg
harg
harg
h
ch
charg
h
ch
h
char
charg
g
ch
harg
harg
h
cha
har
harg
harg
ha
a
charg
ch
harg
a
char
harg
charg
ch
har
har
arg
char
a
charg
arg
arg
harg
rg
arg
charg
har
arg
arg
rg
rg
rg
rg
harg
g
ha
ha
arg
rg
rg
g
arg
g
harg
g
arg
g
arg
g
rg
rg
ges
es
es
es
es
es
es
es
es
s
es
es
s
es
es
es
s
es
es
es
s
es
es
es
s
es
s

told
old
tol
old
d
to
old
old
old
tol
ld
d
told
ol
ld
d
o d
told
to
told
t l
told
ol
ld
told
d
old
ld
old
d
to
old
d

to
told
tol
ol
ld
d
to
told
ol
ld
told
ol
ol
ld
d
ld
d

p

evidence
evidence
evidenc
vidence
ev
vi
vi
vi
id
d
vidence
eviden
vid
dence
ev
vide
vide
denc
e
vi
id
dence
de
enc
c
en
nc
ce
e
nce
ce
e

every
ever
every
every
ev
ever
ev
ev
ve
er
ev
ve
er
ry
ve
ery
ry
ve
ery
ry
ry

so
so
o
so
so
o
so
o
s

feeling
eelings
feeling
feeling
feeling
feelings
feelings
feeling
fe
fee
ee
eli
fe
fe
fe
ee
eling
li
feeli
feeling
ee
elin
ng
g
eel
li
ings
ng
ng
gs
li
in
ng
ng
gs
ng
ng
gs
s

today
to
toda
today
today
tod
oday
d
today
tod
od
d
toda
od
od
da
ay
ay
y
od
od
da
ay
ay
oday
da
ay
ay

isra
sra
isr
isra
isra
isra
isr
sra
sra
isr
s
is
sra
sra
isr
isra
is
isra
isr
isra
isra
is
sra
is
is
s
isra
isra
isra
isra
sra
sr
ra
isr
isra
isr
is
sra
sr
ra
ra
isr
is
sra
sr
ra
ra
ra
a
isra
is
sra
sra
ra
sra
a
is
sra
sr
ra
ra
a
sr
ra
sra
ra
raer
ers
ers
ers
ers
ers
rs
er
ers
ers
ers
r
ers
ers
ers
ers
ers
er
rs
ers
er
ers
er
r
er
r
ers
ers
ers
er
er
rs
rs
s
er
er
ers
ers
ers
ers
rs
s
ers
rs
er
rs
rs

terrib
ter
terrible
terrible
terrible
te
te
te rib
rrib
te
terrible
erri
rr
ri
ible
b
te
terri
rible
ib
bl
rible
rri
rib
bl
le
e
e
ib
b e
ribl
le
bl

whe
wherever
wherever
whereve
wh
h
whereve
wherev
wherev
whereve
where
herever
er
wherever
whereve
herever
ereve
wh
herev
rev
eve
herever
erev
eve
e
ever
ever
ver
con
n
con

vol
vol
v l
vo
vo
vo
vo
vo
vo
vo
vo
o
vol
o

ope
open
op
p
ope
op
pe
en
ope
en
n
op
pe
en
en
pen
n

shake
shak
sha
sh
shake
shak
k
sh
shake
hake
k
shake
shake
ha
ake
ke
e
shake
ak
ke
ke
e
hake
e

statement
at
stat
statem
tatemen
tat
t
statement
state
statem
tatement
ta
a
st
tate
tatemen
tatemen
atemen
atem
atem
t
st
tat
atemen
teme
te
e
stat
statemen
tatement
tatement
atement
at
tem
m
stateme
at
temen
em
m
atement
m
tement
te
em
me
me
e
ement
en
nt
me
en
nt
me
en
ent
n
men
nt
nt

end
en
end
en
en
n
end
end
end
nd
en
end
nd
d
en
nd
nd
d

at
t
at
at
at
t
at
t
at

at
at
t
at
at
t
at
t

at
at
at
at
at
t
at
t
at
at
at
t

at
at
at
at
t
at
at

at
at
t
at
t
at
t
at
at

act
acting
acting
acting
acting
ac
ct
ct
acti
ti
actin
ct
t
acting
ac
ct
tin
in
ng
cting
ac
ct
tin
ng
g
ctin
ting
g
ng
g

on
n
p
upon
on
upo
p
up
upon
upon
upon
upon
upo
p
upon
u
n
p
up
u
n
upo
up
upon
o
pon
pon
po
on
pon
po
o
po
o
po
on
p n
acco
accord
accor
ccord
c
ac
ac
c
acco
co
acco
cord
ccor
r
cor
cc
cor
rd
rd
d
co
or
rd
d
rd
rd
d
acco
accord
acco
ccord
ac
cco
c
acco
co
ccor
ccor
rd
rd
d
co
or
rd
d

upon
upon
up
upo
po
upo
upo
up
up
po
o
upo
up
up
po
on
n
upon
up
pon
n
pon
n

attempted
attempted
attempted
tempted
at
at
tt
tempt
tempte
attempte
at
attempte
ttempte
tempted
te
empted
attempt
attempted
ttemp
ttempted
empte
at
at
ttemp
te
te
empted
mpt
mpt
tte
em
mpted
mpted
pt
empted
d
mp
pt
te
te
ed
pted
d
te
ed
d
p ed
d

mas
masterm
asterminded
asterminded
masterminde
masterminde
masterminded
ma
aste
astermin
masterminded
mastermi
masterminde
ma
aster
te
term
sterminde
masterminde
mastermind
masterminded
asterm
e minded
mi
rmind d
mas
masterminde
ast
sterminded
rm
ermin
min
nd
d
m nd
d d
in
in
nd
ded
d
i de
ed

libel
libe
l b
l b
libe
bel
lib
be
be
bel
ibe
el
l
libel
be
be
el
ibel
be
el
l
el
e

th
th
h
there
the
there
th
th
he
th
he
he
ere
re
th
th
he
he
er
re
e
there
th
he
er
re
e
er
re

declaration
declarat
declaratio
declaration
declaration
declarat
declara
de
eclarat
ecla
claration
declaration
de
ec
eclaration
cl
l rati
lara
declaration
declarat
de
eclara
claratio
clarat
eclaration
clara
at
ec arati
ra
at
ti
i
c
ra
at
tion
a
n
bei
b i
bei
b

bulletproof
bulletproof
bulletproo
bullet
bu
ulletproo
ulletproo
l
bulletproof
bu
ulletproo
ul
lletproof
lletproof
le
le
e
bulletproof
bu
ulletproof
ulle
lletproof
ulletproof
bu
ulletp
ul
lletproof
le
etproo
et
tp
ulletproof
ulletproof
etpro
etproo
tpr
tpr
f
et
tproo
tpro
o
ro
oof
proof
oof
pro
oo
oof

1--i
1--i
-
1--i
i
1- i
--
-i

day
da
day
da
da
da
day
day
y
da
a
da
a
day
y
jews
jews
s
e
jew
jews
ew
ew
w
je
ew
ws
w
jews
ws
s
ew
ws
ws
s
sra
srael
ael
ae
r
c

13th
13th
13th
13th
13th
3th
3t
3th
3t
13th
13th
13
13
13th
3th
3th
13t
13th
3th
13th
3th
3t
3t
3th
th
th
3th
13th
13t
3
13th
3t
3t
3th
3th
h
13
13th
3t
th
h
13th
3t
3t
th
3th
13th
3t
th
th
h
3t
3th
3t
3t
th
th
3th
th
h
th
h
th
h
sar
sar
ary
sar
sar
ary

eichma
eichm
ei
ichma
ichmann
eichmann
eichma
ei
ichm
ch
h
eichmann
eichmann
eich
h
chman
eichmann
eichman
eichman
eichm
ei
ic
ch
hman
man
ma
hm
man
ma
a
hm
ma
an
n
an
nn
an

eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
i
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
ei
eic
ic
i
eic
eic
ei
eic
eic
eic
ei
i
eic
ei
eic
eic
eic
ei
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
eic
i
eic
i
eic
eic
ei
ic
eic
i
ei
eic
ic
eic
eic
ei
eic
eic
ic
ic
ic
eic
eic
ei
eic
c
eic
eic
ic
eic
c
ic
c
eic
eic
eic
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c
eic
c
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c
eic
c
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eic
eic
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c
e c
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i hma
hma
hma
hma
hma
hma
hma
hma
hm
hm
hma
hma
hma
hma
hm
hm
hm
hma
hma
hma
hma
hm
hma
hma
hm
hma
hma
hma
hma
hma
hm
hma
hm
hm
hm
hma
hma
hma
hma
hma
hma
hma
hma
hm
hma
hma
hma
hm
hm
hma
hm
hma
m
hma
hm
hma
hma
m
hma
hma
hma
hm
m
hma
hma
hma
hm
ma
hma
hm
hma
hm
hm
ma
m
hm
ma
m
hm
hma
ma
hma
ma
hm
ma
ma
m
hma
hma
ma
hma
ma
a
hma
ma
hma
a
ma
ma
ma
ma
ma
ma
ma
ma
ma
a
ma
mann
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
n
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
n
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
n
nn
n
nn
nn
n
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
nn
n

eichmann
eichma
eich
ich
i
eichmann
eich
ichma
eichma
h
eichma
ei
ichman
chmann
h
ei
ic
chman
hm
hm
ma
mann
ann
eichma
eichm
chmann
ma
a
hm
ma
an
n
an
nn
n
ann
nn
n

eichmann
eichmann
eichman
ei
ichman
chman
chmann
hmann
eichm
eichma
ic
chmann
eic
chma
chmann
hmann
mann
eichmann
ic
chman
hma
hma
mann
m
hm
hm
ma
a
c man
nn
an
nn
n
ma n

eichman
eichma
eichman
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eichmann
eichmann
eichma
ich
chman
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h
eichman
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ch
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ma
ma
man
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ma
a
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man
an
n
h
an
nn
nn
nn
n

eichm
eichmann
eichmann
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ichma
ichma
eichma
ei
eichmann
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eichmann
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ic
ch
hman
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ch
h
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m
ei
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chman
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m
ch
hma
hm
hm
mann
ma
ann
n
ma
an
ma
ann
n
man
an

fif
fif
fif een

eichmann
eichmann
i
eichm
ic
ic
chmann
ch
chmann
hmann
ei
ic
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ch
ch
hm
hman
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ch
chmann
ch
hm
man
m
ch
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ma
ma
ma
chm
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an
an
ann
hma
an
nn
an
nn
an
nn
nn

eichm
eichm
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chman
chmann
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ch
ch
hma
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man
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eichmann
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ch
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m
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ma
an
n
ann
ma
ann
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ann
n
nn

eichmann
eichmann
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h
ann
chman
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m
chm
mann
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ma
a
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man
ma
ann
ann
n
ann
n
nn
n

eichmann
eichman
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eichman
ei
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chmann
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hm
eichm
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h
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ch
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mann
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man
an
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man
ann
ma
ma
ann
nn
n
an
nn
nn

eichmann
eichmann
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chm
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ch
chman
ch
chmann
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ch
hm
hm
chman
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ch
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ann
ch
ch
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man
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man
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ch
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nn
nn
n
an
nn
n
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eichmann
eichmann
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chmann
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chman
ma
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ch
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chmann
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chman
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ma
ma
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man
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ma
an
nn
an
nn
nn
n
nn

eich
eichman
ch
ei
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chmann
ch
h
eichmann
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ei
ic
chma
hm
m n
ch
hmann
ma
an
hm
mann
ma
ann
n
a n
n

telex
telex
tel
telex
te
tele
el
l
te
te
el
le
le
e
telex
te
el
le
ex
ex
x
el
le
le
ex
ex
x
ex
ex
x

tele
telex
telex
te
ele
el
l
tele
elex
te
te
te
el
le
le
e
lex
tel
el
lex
le
ex
ex
x
ex
x
ex
ex
x

i

n

i
i

i

ch
h
ch
ch
h
ch
h
ch
h
ch
h
ch
h
ch
h
th
h
th
h
th
h
th
h
th
h
th
h
th
h

june
june
june
ju
ju
u e
ju
une
ju
un
ju
un
ne
e
une
e
ne
e
secon
secon
secon
sec
se on
s

he
he
he
he
he
he
he
he
he
t

proceed
procee
p ocee
proce
pr
r
procee
proc
pr
roce
ro
oc
oceed
cee
pr
roceed
ro
oceed
oce
ce
proceed
proceed
oc
ce
ee
ed
ocee
cee
ee
ed
d
eed
ee
ed
d
ed
i

and
and
d
a d
a
up
up
up
up
p
up
up
p
up
up
up
up
up
p
up
up
up
up
up
up
up
up

and
and
an
nd
d
an
nd
d
and
d
nd
d

and
an
nd
and
an
nd
nd
d
and
and

and
an
nd
an
nd
d

and
an
and
d
an
and
nd
d
an
nd
d
and
nd

and
and
an
nd
and
d
an
nd
nd
d
and
nd
d
and

an
nd
d
and
an
nd
nd
d
nd
and
and
d
nd
a d

and
and
d
and
d
nd
nd
d

and
and
and
an
nd
and
nd
nd
d

did
di
di
di
di
id
did
did
di
id
d
di
id
d
did
di
di
id
d
did
d

did
di
id
di
id
d
di
id
di
id
did
d

him
him
i
hi
hi
him
hi
hi
im
m
hi
im
m
him
m

him
hi
him
hi
hi
im
him
hi
im
m
hi
hi
im
m
him

him
him
i
him
m
hi
im
m
him
m
hi
im
m
him
m

an
an
n
an
an
n
an
n

an
an
n
an
an
n
an
n

an
an
an
n
an
n
an
n
an

an
n
an
an
n
an
an
n

an
n
an
n
an

an
an
an
an
an
n

story
story
st
st
tor
story
sto
tory
sto
st
story
o
story
st
st
to
ory
o
story
stor
to
o
story
or
story
story
to
ory
ry
sto
or
ory
ory
y
ry

story
story
story
story
st
story
st
st
to
to
tory
st
st
to
to
o
story
st
st
to
tory
or
ry
ry
tory
to
ory
ory

orders
orders
orders
rders
or
rd
rders
d
ord
orde
rd
rd
de
e
order
rs
orders
rders
der
rs
s
de
er
r
d r
e

anni
anni
anni
nn
n
anni
nni
nni
nn
n
anni
ann
nn
nni
n
an
ann
ann
nn
n
anni
nn
nn
ann
nn
nni
nn
ann
n
anni
nn
ann
ann
anni
nn
nn
nn
ni
nn
nni
nni
nni
ni
i
ni
i
nni
i
nni
nni
nni
nni
ni
ni
ni
ni
ni
ni
ni
ni
i
ni
ni
ni
i
ni
ivers
vers
vers
ver
vers
ve
ver
rs
ers
ver
ve
ver
ver
ve
vers
ve
ve
ve
vers
rs
ve
ver
rs
vers
vers
vers
ve
vers
ve
ve
vers
ver
vers
ve
e
vers
ers
ve
vers
ers
ers
s
ve
ers
ers
er
rs
s
ve
ve
ver
ers
ers
ers
ers
r
vers
s
ve
ers
ers
e
ve
ers
ers
rs
rs
s
rs
ve
ers
er
rs
rs
r
ers
rs
s
ers
rs
ers
s
rs
rs
s
rs
sary
ary
ary
ary
ary
ar
ary
ary
ary
ary
ary
ary
ar
ry
ar
ary
ary
ary
ry
ary
ar
ary
ry
ry
ry
ar
ary
ry
ry
ry
ary
ry
y
ary
ary
ary
ry
ry
ry
ry
y
ary
ary
ry
ry
ry
ry
y

ed
quoted
quoted
quot
qu
qu
uoted
qu
uot
uo
ot
ted
quoted
uo
ot
te
quoted
ed
quot
te
ed
oted
d
q
te
ed
d
ted
d

chronicle
h
chron
hronicle
chronicle
chronicle
chronicle
h
ch
hron
ronicle
ch
ch
h
chroni
ro
ro
o icle
hronicle
hro
ronicle
on
onicle
ni
roni
onicl
on
n cle
cl
cl
ic
c e
onicle
cl
cle
le
e

indep
independence
ndependence
dependence
in
ndependenc
ndepende
independen
independen
ndepend
nd
depend
dependence
de
de
ndependence
ind
depend
de
independen
ndependence
ep
depende
end
p
in
ndepende
dependence
de
epe
ep
ep
pend
ndependenc
depe
dependen
ep
pendenc
pend
end
en
nden
denc
ep
pende
pe
ende
en
nden
nd
pe
endence
nd
denc
nde
de
enc
ce
de
ence
en
nc
ce
ce

indescribable
indescribable
indescribabl
ndesc
describab
indescribable
nd
describab
descr
indescribable
indescrib
ndescribable
de
escrib
scrib b
nd
describab
des
de
escriba
escrib
sc
c
de
escriba
sc
cri
i
crib
descr
es
sc
cr
ri
ib
b
cribable
ri
ibable
ab
ble
l
c ib
babl
abl
able
bl
le
e
ble
aki
kin
kin
ki
i
aki
kin
kin
ki
i

events
event
events
events
even
ve
ev
events
ev
vent
ve
ents
ent
e
ev
vent
vent
ent
t
vents
ts
s
nt
nt
ts
ts
s
ts
ts
s

organ
or
r
organ
organ
rg
organ
org
rgan
or
rg
rg
ga
ga
a
rgan
rgan
ga
ga
an
gan
ga
ga
an
n
g n

ler
er
ler
l r
le
er
le
er
r
le
l r
prevented
prevented
prevented
prevented
pr
revent
re
revente
preven
vented
prevented
prevented
re
re
e
prev
pr
reve
re
ev
vented
ve
en
pre
rev
event
vente
t
v nt
te
ed
ed
d
vent
ted
d
te
ed

conti
continue
contin
co
continued
on
on
continued
co
co
on
on
ntin
nt
ti
ti
in
co
on
on
nt
ti
in
n
ontinued
nt
ti
ti
in
nu
ue
ued
ed
inued
nu
ue
ue
ed
d
ue
ue
ed
d
ed
d

detai
de
deta
detai
detai
detai
det
de
det
detai
deta
det
detai
detai
detai
detai
detai
detai
det
detai
deta
detai
detai
det
et
et
detai
deta
de
detai
etai
etai
etai
de
detai
det
et
et
deta
det i
detai
etai
detai
det
de
etai
et
et
etai
tai
t
det
deta
de
et
ta
tai
tai
i
detai
deta
de
de a
ta
ai
deta
de
etai
et
ta
ai
i
ai
de
etai
eta
ta
tai
tai
det
et
ta
ta
ta
ai
i
et
t i
ta
ai
tai
ailed
led
led
led
le
led
led
led
led
led
led
led
d
ed
led
ed
d
led
d
le
le
ed
le
ed
ed
d
ed
le
le
ed
ed
d
ed
d
led
led
le
le
ed
led
ed
d
ed
le
le
ed
d
le
ed
d
ed
d
ed

all
all
l
al
ll
all
all
l
all

expressing
expressing
expressing
expressin
exp
expres
xpressin
xpressing
xpress
expressing
xpressing
xpressing
pr
xpressing
ex
xpressin
pressing
re
ressing
expressin
xp
pr
re
es
essing
ssing
pressing
re
re
essing
ss
sing
in
ss
sin
ng
g
sin
ng
ng
g

it
its
t
its
it
it
ts
it
it
ts
its
it
ts
ts

ts
it
it
it
t
its
it
ts
its
it
ts
ts
ts
ts

third
third
hi
third
th
third
hird
hird
hird
hird
ir
rd
d
third
thir
rd
d
hir
rd
rd
d
i d

priso
prison
priso
prison
priso
riso
i
pri
ris
pr
ris
is
s
priso
o
so
p son
on
n
rison
pris
is
son
n
on
n
ur

priso
prison
priso
riso
priso
pris
riso
ri
is
son
so
o
ison
pr
riso
on
on
n
prison
prison
on
on
n
p so
so
on
on
n

heydr
heydrich
heydric
heydrich
heydrich
heydri
heydri
eydri
heydri
heyd
e
heydric
ydr
ey
eyd
d
heydr
eydric
yd
dri
eydrich
yd
yd
drich
ydri
ic
c
eydrich
ydric
ydri
dri
dr
rich
h
y
ch
ic
ch

heydrich
heydrich
heydrich
eydric
yd
he
eyd
heydrich
heydric
he
ey
y
heydrich
heydr
eydric
ey
ydrich
yd
drich
dr
r
hey
eydr
ydr
eydric
ydrich
yd
dr
ri
ic
ic
ch
ydrich
rich
ic
ch
h
ri
ic
ch
h
ch
ch
h
hein
hein
he
heinr
ei
in
n
hein
he n

pleaded
pleaded
pleade
pl
lead
ade
ple
pl
le
ea
ad
ad
d
ple
plead
lea
ad
ead
ded
d
pleade
ead
de
de
ed
ade
e
ded
e

y ric
y r

longest
longes
gest
longest
o
longes
lo
ongest
ongest
n
ong
long
ge
ge
on
nges
ng
ge
nge
est
ng
ng
ge
es
st
t
ge
es
st
ge
es
es
st

32
32
32
32
2
32
2

opening
open
opening
opening
opening
op
p
openi
ope
p
ope
openi
p
openin
opening
openi
op
pe
pe
enin
openi
nin
op
op
pening
pe
pening
pe
ening
en
nin
pe
en
ning
ni
pen
pening
p ning
p ning
ni
ning
ing
ing
ng
g

openi
ope
op
op
peni
op
op
pe
eni
op
op
pe
en
ni
i

21
21
21
1
21
21
1
21
1
21
1

scenes
sc
sc
c
sc
sc
cene
ce
en
e
scene
scene
scene
en
scenes
scen
scenes
cene
cen
enes
s
enes
enes
ene
es
e es
ne

their
th
th
th
he
their
heir
their
th
th
h i
th
th
he
he
ei
i
the
he
ei
ir
r
ei
ir
r

their
their
th
heir
eir
the
thei
he
ei
eir
their
th
heir
eir
their
heir
ir
r

woul
wo l
would
would
would
would
would
wou
wo
woul
oul
oul
ou
uld
would
wo
ould
ou
ou
u
ould
d
wou
wo
ould
ou
uld
d
ould
d

dramatic
dramatic
dramatic
drama
dramatic
dram
dramat
dramatic
dra
dr
r
dr
ram
dra
dr
ram
m
amatic
d am
mat
t
ati
i
at
ti
ic
c
amati
tic
c
ma c
t c

sounded
sounded
sound
oun
nded
sou
sou
so
ounde
ound
sound
sound
ou
un
nd
d
ou
unded
nded
d
soun
ou
ou
unde
ed
nded
d
de
ed

who
who
wh
ho
h
wh
ho
h
who
wh
ho
o
wh
ho
o

wh
who
who
h
who
who
wh
h
wh
ho
ho
ho
o
who
wh
ho
ho
o
who
ho
o

wh
who
wh
who
wh
h
who
wh
who
who
ho
who
wh
ho
o

of
of
f
of
of
f
of
f
of
f
of
o

of
of
of
of
of
of
of
of
of

of
of
of
of
of
f
of
f
of
f
of
f

of
of
of
f
of
of
of
f
of
of
of
f
of

of
of
f
of
f
of
of
f
of
of
f
of
of
f
of

of
of
of
of
of
f
of
of
f
of
f

of
of
of
of
f
of
of
f
of
of
fj

of
of
f
of
of
of
f
of
of
f
of
of

high
hig
high
hi
high
high
hi
ig
g
high
hi
ig
gh
gh
h
hi
ig
gh
h
ig
gh
gh
h
g

death
deat
death
de
deat
eath
eath
death
deat
death
eath
eath
dea
e
death
de
eat
at
th
eath
h
th
h
death
ea
ath
at
at
at
th
th
th
h
eath
h
eath
ea
ath
ath
at
th
h
a

pre
pre
r
pre
re
pr
re
e
pr
re
e
pre
e
p e
16
16

ang
angu
angu
anguish
ngui
anguish
angu
anguish
an
n
anguish
gui
i
nguis
anguish
angu
an
ng
gu
ui h
u
ang
gui
gu
ui
is
s
ngui
gu
ui
is
sh
h
is
sh
h
g i
g
sh
h

fr
front
fro
fron
fron
fr
front
front
fr
ront
ont
t
on
nt
t
ont
nt
t
n

befo
b f
before
befo
befor
befo
be
be
ef
fore
f
before
befo
be
be
efo
fo
ore
re
before
be
ef
fore
re
e
fore
or
re
e
re
ordi
ordin
rdi
din
ordi
ordin
rdi
di

before
before
before
before
bef
before
e
be
ef
fore
be
efo
fo
fo
o
before
b fo
or
re
b
or
re
day
day
da
day
day
d y
da
day

befo
before
b f
b f
befo
efo
before
be
before
ef
ef
before
f
be
be
ef
efore
fo
ore
bef
fo
or
re
efo
or
re
re
e
f
e

recorder
recorde
recor
record
rd
re
record
eco d
co
re
recorder
ecorder
ec
co
o
re
ec
cor
or
rd
de
d
order
eco
order
orde
de
de
e
orde
er
r
de
er
r
er

record
record
ecord
recorder
reco
re
e
reco
recorder
rec
record
record
ec
cord
ec
ec
co
or
orde
rd
d
ord
rd
d
or
rd
der
er
de
er

recorder
recorder
record
ecord
re
re
recorder
recorder
ecorde
recorder
recorde
re
ecorde
e
record
reco
recorde
ecorder
ecord
corde
re
ec
corder
cor
corder
recor
re
eco
order
ecorder
ecord
corde
ord
ecord
ecorder
corde
or
rd
rd
de
co
ord
orde
rd
orde
rde
de
der
der
r
er
r

vaticia
vatic
vatician
vaticia
vatician
at
ti
tic
tici
va
at
ticia
tic
tician
vatician
at
tici
cia
cian
ti
icia
an
n
ia
an
n
c an
n
an

like
li
like
li
ik
ik
k
li
ik
ik
k
li
ik
ik
ke
ke
ke
e
li
ik
ik
ke
ke
e
ik
ke
ke
e

accused
accused
ccus
ccu
ccused
ccuse
ccus
cused
cused
accuse
ccused
cc
cused
us
us
ac
cc
cus
se
sed
accused
ed
ed
d
c
se
ed
d
us d

tu
urn
ur
r
urn
turn
tu
urn
n
turn
tur
urn
n

because
because
ecause
be
be
ec
ec
ca
cau
because
ecaus
because
be
be
e
because
ca
a
because
becaus
ec
ec
ca
au
u
ca
ca
au
use
e
use
ye
ye
e
ye
ye
e

only
only
nl
only
onl
only
n
only
onl
on
n
only
only
on
nly
y
on
nly
y
nly
y

while
wh
whi
wh
wh
while
while
wh
hi
il
hile
hile
e
whil
wh
hi
ile
ile
wh
hil
le
e
il
le

mumfor
mum
mumford
mumford
mumfo
mu
u
mumfor
umfo
mumford
mumford
mumfor
mumf
um
um
m
umfor
f
umf
um
mf
mf
fo
fo
o d
mf
fo
or
rd
d
mf
fo
or
rd
d
rd
d

acts
acts
ac
ac
ac
cts
act
ac
cts
ct
ct
ts
ts
acts
ac
cts
ct
ts
cts
ac
ct
ts
s

again
again
agai
ag
ag
g
ag
aga
ga
ga
agai
ag
gai
ga
ai
in
n
aga
aga
ag
gai
in
gain
ga
ain

demonstration
demonstration
demons
de
e
demonstration
demonstr
de
emonstr
m
em
m
demonstr
emonstrat
monstrat
mo
onstratio
o
mo
o
mo
mo
onstra
onstr
onstrat
stration
st
monstratio
on
nstr
ns
st
strati
on
nst
strat
ra
ati
st
str
tr
ra
ra
at
ti
tio
o
ra
ati
tio
io
on
on
ti
io
on
n
ion

too
too
too
oo
o
to
to
o
too
to
oo
o
oo
o

prove
prove
prove
pro
pr
prov
ro
o
prov
pr
ro
ro
ov
ov
v
ove
prove
pro
ov
prov
ve
ve
e
ro
ro
ov
ve
ve
e
prove
ve
ve
e

jta
jta
t
jt
ta
a
jt
ta
jt
ta
ta
a
jt
ta
jta
a
j a

ee
ee

evident
evid
ev
ev
vi
id
iden
d
vident
ev
evi
ev
vi
id
id
den
evide
ev
vid
vi
id
id
de
e
evid
de
en
nt
t
ent
dent
en
nt
t
nt
t

want
wa
want
wa
wa
a
wa
wa
ant
nt
t
an
ant
t
nt
nt
t

michigan
michigan
michigan
michig
michigan
mich
michiga
mi
michiga
ichig
chigan
michigan
ich
mi
ich
c
michigan
ch
h
m ch
higan
ichig
chiga
hig
hi
ig
ig n
chigan
ch
higa
hi
ig
ga
ga
higa
a
gan
gan
g n

history
history
histor
histo
tor
history
s
history
hi
is
istor
st
isto
history
o
histo
istor
st
to
to
his
hi
is
is
st
to
or
ory
st
to
to
or
ry
ry
y
ory

onges
on
ngest
ge
n

history
history
histo
hist
history
history
history
history
i t
history
his
is
s
hi
hi
is
hist
s
hi
hi
ist
s
is
st
tory
history
hi
is
isto
st
tory
histo
o
hi
is
story
tory
to
or
st
to
o
sto
ory
ry
y
to
ory
y
or
ry
y

13
13
13
13
3
13
13
3
13
13
rae
rael
ae
ael
ae

school
scho
chool
scho
ch
h
sc
schoo
sc
ch
choo
sc
ch
hool
hool
sc
ch
ho
oo
o
ho
oo
ol
oo
o

not
not
not
no
ot
no
ot
ot
t
not
ot
t

no
not
no
no
not
ot
ot
no
o
no
o
no
not
no
not
no
ot
t
no
ot
t
ot
t
ot

attorney
attorney
attorney
attorney
attorney
attorney
at
atto
at
attorney
tt
tt
attorne
tto
attorney
at
ttorney
tt
tt
to
to
attorney
at
atto
tt
ttorn
to
tor
orn
o
tt
to
torn
or
rn
orne
ey
to
torn
orn
ne
ne
ney
orne
ey
ey
rney
ne
ne
ey
ey
y
ey
ey
y
ey

attorney
attorney
at
at
ttorne
attorne
atto
at
at
ttorne
tt
attor
torne
at
at
tt
att
torn
at
at
tt
tt
tor
to
or
rney
at
tt
tt
to
or
rne
rn
n
tor
rn
ney
rn
ne
ey
ey
ey
ey
ey
y

attorney
at
attorney
attorne
tt
to
atto
attorne
ttorn
tt
to
attorn
attorney
tt
tor
orn
ttorn
torn
orne
orney
e
torne
rn
rn
ne
rn
rn
ne
ey
y

attorney
attorney
at
attorney
ttorne
attorney
at
attorney
ttorne
torney
ttor
attorney
attorney
attorne
tt
ttorn
to
to
attorney
o
torn
attorne
at
tt
to
torn
rn
attorney
tt
to
torne
n
rne
ey
orn
orne
ne
ey
y
rney
ne
ey
y

cl
l
classic
classic
la
cla
lassi
lassic
s
cla
assic
ssic
ss
si
si
c assic
ass
s c
ss
si
ic
c

me
ment
ment
e
ment
me
ment
me
me
e
men
ment
me
en
nt
nt
men
en
nt
ent
nt
en
nt

weeps
weeps
wee
weeps
weeps
weeps
weeps
weep
weep
we
eep
weep
weeps
weeps
weep
weeps
we
we
weeps
weeps
eep
e
wee
weeps
weep
we
eeps
e
weep
ee
eps
weeps
wee
weeps
weeps
weep
wee
weeps
e
ee
e
weep
weep
eeps
eeps
ee
eps
e
eep
p
wee
eep
ee
ep
p
eep
p
weeps
ee
ee
eps
eps
p
eps
ps
s
eeps
ep
ps
s
eps
ep
ps
ep
ps
ps
s
ps
ps
s
ep
ps
s
ps

face
face
face
fac
face
ac
fa
fa
fa
face
ace
fa
fa
ac
fa
ac
c
fa
face
ac
ce
ce
e
fa
fa
ac
ce
e
ac
ce
ce
ce
ce
e
ce
e

were
were
were
were
we
e
we
er
re
re
e
ere
er
re
re
e

were
we
we
e
were
we
er
wer
r
er
ere
re
re
e
were
wer
er
re
e
g

we
e
slomovitz
slomovitz
slomovitz
slomov
slomovitz
lomovitz
slomovitz
lo
lomov
o
slom
slomovit
lo
o
slomovitz
movit
m
sl
lomovi
lo
lo
omovitz
movit
movit
m
lo
lomovitz
om
m
om
mov
mo
ovitz
o
omovit
movi
mo
ov
vit
vi
mo
ov
vit
t
mo
ov
vit
tz
tz
z
v tz
z
itz
tz
z
tz
z

slomovitz
slomovitz
slomo
sl
lo
slomovitz
sl
lomo
slo
omovit
omovitz
slom
sl
lo
omo
omovitz
movitz
mov
sl
lomo
om
mo
mov
movitz
movitz
ov
lomovitz
omovitz
movitz
mo
ovitz
o
omovitz
om
movitz
ov
ov
vi
movit
mov
vit
t
ov
vit
it
tz
z
vitz
ovit
vitz

on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
n
on
on
on
n
on
on
n
on
n
on
on
n
on
on
on
on
n
on
on
on
n
on
zi
zi
zi
zi
zi
zi
zi
zi sto
st
to

on
on
on
n
on
on
n

on
n
on
n
on
n

w

rather
ra
rather
ather
at
th
h
rather
rather
rather
at
th
her
athe
athe
th
he
er
he
er
er

extermination
extermination
exterminat
exterminatio
xterminatio
xtermination
exterminatio
exterminatio
extermin
xt
terminatio
terminatio
extermination
exterm
exte
erminatio
e
exter
xt
term
erminatio
m
rminatio
extermination
te
erm
erm
mi
min
minat
nat
min
nat
na
ation
at
ti
nat
ti
io
ti
ion

co
co
cou
o
cour
co
ou
our
court
co
our
our
rt
court
rt
ou
ou
p

court
court
our
court
cour
o
co
ourt
ourt
court
co
our
ou
ur
co
ourt
ourt
urt
t
rt
ou
urt
urt
urt
t
ur
rt
urt
t

court
cour
co
our
court
court
co
ou
u
cour
co
our
urt
t
cour
court
ou
urt
o
t
was-quoted
wa
was-quoted
was-quoted
was
was q
was
was-qu
as-quoted
was-quote
was-quo
was-quot
as-quoted
as
s
was-quoted
was-quote
was-quoted
as
was-quoted
was-quot
as-qu
s-
s-q ot
s qu
qu
uo
oted
ote
quoted
uoted
uo
ot
ote
ted
quo
oted
ote
e
ote
ed
ed
d

tod
toda
od
da
d
t

since
sin
si
ince
sinc
sin
since
ce
si
in
nce
nce
in
nc
ce
e
sinc
nc
ce
ce
nce
nce

g.a
g.a
g a
g.
.a
g.
.a
a
g a

now
now
no
o
now
no
ow
ow
ow
w
now
now
no
ow
w
no
ow

no
no
no
o
now
no
ow
w
now
now
now
no
o
now
ow
w
ow
ow
w

tell
tell
tel
tell
l
tell
el
ll
tel
el
ll
tell
tell
tell
ll
l

over
ov
ov
v
over
ov
ve
ove
e
over
ov
ove
ve
e
ov
ve
ve
er
r
ve
ve
er
r
ve
er
er
r
e

calm
calm
al
l
ca
ca
ca
al
alm
cal
ca
alm
m
calm
alm
alm
m
lm
m

look
look
o
loo
ook
look
oo
ok
ok
k
ok
ook
oo
ok
k

look
look
look
loo
oo
ok
k
ook
look
look
lo
oo
ok
k
lo
oo
ok
k
l ok
k

disciplined
disciplined
disciplin
discipline
discipline
discip
discip
discipline
iscipline
disciplined
di
di
discipline
isciplined
disc
dis
di
is
is
sc
ciplined
pl
disciplined
discipline
discipline
isciplin
scipli
sc
ciplin
ci
ipli
ip
pl
li
is
iscipline
sc
ci
iplin
ip
plin
pl
l
ciplin
ip
ip
plined
d
ipl
li
in
ned
ed
d
in
ned
p ne
e
the
he
the
h
att

expe
expect
xp
exp
ex
xpec
xp
xp
expect
ex
expec
expect
ex
expect
xp
p
expe
e
expect
ex
ex
xp
xpec
pe
ec
xp
pect
ect

question
questioners
questioner
ques
question
questione
uest
quest
qu
ues
ue
est
uestione
questi
estione
questioners
question
qu
uesti
es
stione
stio
i
question
ue
estioner
st
quest
tioner
ion
q est
tion
tio
io
one
stio
ti
tio
ioner
oners
on
ner
on
ne
ers
s
ers
rs
s

i f
f

described
described
describe
describ
describ
escribed
escribed
de
es
escribed
scribed
described
describ
de
esc
escri
sc
cr
rib
ib
b
described
es
es
sc
crib
crib
bed
b
c
esc
cr
ribed
ed
d
ib
be
be
ed
bed

says
say
say
says
sa
says
say
sa
ays
says
sa
sa
ay
say
says
s
says
say
ay
ys
says
sa
ay
ay
ys
ys
s
ay
ys
ys
s
ys
s
y

presented
presented
esent
resented
resen
resented
presente
re
re
esented
e
pre
re
es
es
se
presen
esent
re
re
es
se
en
nt d
esented
es
sen
en
nte
nt
te
e
nt
te
ed
te
ed
d
ed

je
je
je
je
je
je
e
je
je
je
je
je
je
je
je
e
je
je
je
e
je
e
je
e
je
e
je
je
je
je
je
e
je
e
je
je
je
e
je
je
e
je
e
je
je
je
e
je
e
je
je
je
e
je
je
je
e
je
e
je
e
je
je
je
e
je
je
je
e
je
e
je
e
je
je
je
je
e
je
e
je
je
e
je
je
e
je
je
je
je
e
je
je
je
e
je
je
je
e
je
je
e
je
je
je
e
je
je
je
je
e
je
je
j

behal
behalf
beha
behalf
be
be
ehalf
h
behalf
e
be
eh
hal
be
eh
ha
al
lf
half
eh
ha
alf
alf
ehal
al
lf
lf
half

hausne
hausne
hausner
ha
ha
ha
au
hausner
ha
hausner
aus
us
hausn
hausne
ha
au
usne
sn
au
us
sne
e
ausner
sn
ne
er
r
er

hausner
hausner
hausne
hausne
ha
ha
ausn
ausn
ha
hausne
au
usner
us
s
ausn
hausner
hausner
us
sn
ne
n
ausner
usne
sn
ner
ne
er
r
er
r

hausn
hausner
hausner
hausn
h
sner
hausne
hausne
hau
hausner
ha
a
hausner
haus
hausne
us
ha
ausne
au
us
us
sne
sn
n
ausner
er
us
sn
ne
e
sn
sn
ne
er
er
sn r
er
r
rrif i
rifyin
errif i
rrifyi
rifyi
f i
rrif i
rifyin
rrif i
rrifyi
rifyi
f i

hausne
hausner
hausne
hau
ha
ha
ausne
ha
hau
ausne
usne
hausner
haus
haus
ha
ha
aus
sner
hausne
ausne
usn
ne
e
ausner
usner
us
sn
ne
ne
er
sner
sne
ner
r

everything
everything
everything
everythin
everything
everyt
ev
verythin
everything
everything
ev
very
ve
ve
eryth
eryth
everyt
eve
ev
ve
veryth
ery
ything
verything
hi
everythi
ev
verythin
erything
erything
rythi
yth
yt
th
erythin
ry
yt
ythi
hin
ry
ry
ything
thi
hi
hing
ing
ng
g
mor
mor
mo
o
m

54
54
54
54
54
54
4
54
4
54
54
54
4
54

hitler
hi
hitler
i
hitler
hitler
hi
hitler
it
tl
tl
l
hi
it
tle
tl
l
hi
hi
hitle
itl
tler
tl
le
er
hit
t er
r
tler
r

l
hitler
hitler
hitler
hitler
hitler
hit
itl
hitle
itle
it
tl
tl
hitler
hitler
hit
tl
le
tle
hi
it
it
tler
tl
tl
le
er
it er
er

decla
decla
dec
de
decla
de
de
r
er
er

hi
hi
hi
hi
i
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
i
hi
i
hi
i
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
i
hi
hi
i
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
hi
i
hi
hi
i
hi
i
hi
i
hi
itl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
l
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
l
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
l
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
l
tl
tl
l
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tler
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
r
er
er
er
er
er
er
r
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
r
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
er
r
n

recorde
ecord
d
orde

hitler
hitle
hitler
hitle
hitle
hitler
hitler
hi
itl
hitl
hi
itler
it
tle
tler
hitler
it
tle
er
r
er
hit
tle
er
r
le
er
er
ew
ew
ew
w
ew
ew
w

hitler
hitler
hitle
hitle
hitler
hitle
hit
hit
hitl
hitle
hitler
it
tl
hitler
hitle
hitle
hit
it
tl
hitler
hitle
it
it
tle
ler
hitle
itle
er
h tler
er
r
l r

own
ow
w
ow
wn
wn
n
own
own
ow
wn
wn
n
wn
n
w

glass
glass
glass
glass
glass
lass
glass
la
la
a
gl
lass
as
as
las
gla
as
ss
s
glass
gl
lass
la
ass
s
ass
ss
s
ss

detroit
detro
detroit
detroit
detroit
de
etroit
de
e
de
et
et
t
detro
detro
et
etr
tr
tr
roi
oit
it
it
etro
oi
oi
it
tr
ro
ro
oi
it
t
ro
ro
oi
it
t
roit
t

munit
munity
munity
m nity
munity
y

de
detroit
detroit
et
detr
detro
etr
detro
detr
de
et
et
t
det
etro
tr
r
de
et
tr
ro
oit
it
troit
oi
it
roi
oi
it

nazis
nazis
naz
azis
naz
nazis
a
na
na
az
az
zi
i
zis
is
na
azis
az
zi
is
s
n zi
is
is
s
is
s
ludi
ludin
l din
ludi
ludi
l di

na
na
na
a
na
a
na
a
na
a

cruel
crue
cr
cru
cruel
cr
ru
ue
el
l
cruel
cr
ru
rue
ue
el
l
rue
ue
el
el

tribute
tribu
tribute
t ib
tribut
i
tr
rib
bu
tr
rib
ibute
b
tribute
ri
ib
ib
bu
ut
tr
rib
ib
bute
bu
ut
te
e
bu
ut
te
te
e
ut
te
e
te
e

weekly
week
week
weekly
week
we
wee
eekly
week
wee
e k
week
eekly
eek
ek
weekly
l
we
eekly
ek
ek
k
weekl
l
wee
we
eekly
ee
ek
ek
kl
ly
ly
week
kly
y
ee
ee
ek
kly
y
ek
kl
ly
y
kl
ly
y
ly
ly
y
elated
related
re
elated
la
relate
re
el
la
lated
t
relate
re
elate
la
la
ate
te
ted
related
la
at
te
ted
a ed

ready
re
ready
ready
ready
read
re
ready
read
re
e
read
ready
re
re
e
re
re
ead
ead
eady
ready
ead
ea
ea
ady
d
read
read
re
eady
dy
y
re
ead
dy
dy
ea
ad
dy
dy
dy
y
ad
dy
dy
dy
y
dy
dy
y
dy

ready
rea
ready
re
ea
ad
eady
dy
read
re
eady
ea
ad
dy
rea
re
ead
ea
ad
dy
ea
ad
d
ad
d

brand
brand
br
bran
branded
br
ra
and
an
br
ra
an
nd
branded
bran
nd
de
ded
nded
d
branded
an
nde
e
ded
d
ande
a ded
d
ed
d

world
worl
world
world
worl
world
world
world
world
world
o
world
world
world
wor
world
wor
worl
world
world
orld
wo
worl
world
world
wo
orld
o
world
world
orld
orld
rld
ld
orld
l
wo
wor
world
wo
wo
o
world
orld
l
orld
world
orld
or
orld
rld
rld
wor
rld
ld
orld
d
orl
world
d
orld
d
orl
ld
d
o ld
ld
d
rld
rld
d

former
former
former
forme
ormer
former
form
forme
fo
orme
or
rm
form
fo
form
orm
rm
m
forme
ormer
ormer
rm
mer
me
e
me
er
er
r
mer
me
er

editorial
ed
ditoria
d
editor
editorial
dito
it
t
editoria
ed
ditoria
di
it
tori
o
editorial
ditorial
tor
ri
i l
editoria
tor
to
oria
a
or
rial
l
al

accord
accord
accor
acco
accord
ac
cco
ac
ccord
ccord
c rd
ac
cco
cord
co
or
rd
d
acc
cord
d
ccor
co
or
rd
d
rd
d

st
st
t
st
st
tart
ta
a t
st
st
ta
ar
r
start
rt
start
start
tart
ta
ar
rt
tar
rt
t

amazing
amazing
ama
amazin
ama
ma
amazin
mazing
amazing
amazing
m
amazin
ma
az
z
az
zi
mazing
ma
azin
in
ng
az
zi
zin
ng
g
zi
in
ng

tuesd
esd
ue d

de
de
de
de
de
de
e
de
to
to
to
o

mingled
mingle
mingled
min
mingl
ming
mi
mingle
min
mi
ingled
l
mingled
mingle
ming
in
ng
ingle
gl
mi
in
ng
ng
gled
led
mi
in
ng
ng
ingled
gl
le
ed
mingled
ng
gle
le
e
g ed

8

8
st
st
t
st

t i l
tr
ri
i l
tr
ri l
i l

tria
trial
ri
trial
tri l
ria
i
tri
ria
ia
al
ri
ia
al
t al

trial
trial
tria
trial
tria
ri
i
tri
ia
al
tri
ia
a
ria
ia
al
ayi
ayin
i
yi
yin

tri
trial
trial
tria
ri
ial
tr
tri
ria
tria
al
l
tri
tria
ia
al
ri
ia
al
al
al
l
a

huma
human
human
huma
hu
uman
hu
um
human
uman
uma
a
man
n
man
an
an
longe
longer
onger
er
lo
longe
onge
lo
on
ng
nger
lo
onge
on
ng
ge
onge
on
on
ng
ng
ng
ge
onger
on
ng
ng
ge
ge
g

sday
day
day
y

10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
0
10
10
10
10
10
10
0
10
10
10
10
10
10
0

ticed
tice
i
ticed
tic
c
tice
ticed
ticed
ic
ce
ed
ti
ic
ced
ed
d
t ced
ced
d

prin
print
printed
printed
i
prin
pr
printed
printed
printed
printed
pr
ri
d
printe
rin
in
nt
te
rin
in
nt
te
ed
ed
d
t d

uni
uni
unio
uni
nio
0 t
0

interro
inte
interr
nterro
te
interr
int
nt
te
nterr
interr
nterro
terr
te
te
interro
nterro
nterro
nt
ter
rr
nterr
terro
er
rr
ro
o
erro
er
ter
rr
ro
rro
rro

unt
un
until
until
un
unt
nt
nt
t
un
nt
ti
un
nt
nt
nti
ti
until
n l

vi
via
vi
vi
ia
via
vi
vi
via
a
via
via
vi
vi
ia
a

captain
capta
captain
captain
a
captain
captain
apt
apt
tain
capta
captain
ap
ptai
ca
ap
pt
pt
ta
a
aptai
ptain
ptai
in
in
n
ptain
pt
ta
ain
in
n
ai
in
n

captain
captain
captain
aptain
ca
ap
captain
aptain
ca
apta
ta
capta
ai
captain
captain
aptain
ap
pt
ta
ta
a n
aptai
ptai
pt
ta
tain
ain
n
pt
ta
tai
ain
n
p ain
n

h

tremble
tremble
trembl
tr
tr
re
emble
emble
m
tr
trem
re
em
mble
mb
tr
re
emble
mbl
mb
em
mbl
bl
re
em
mbl
ble
mble
emb
mble
le
ble
le
e

pages
page
ag
pa
ag
ge
page
pages
pa
ag
ge
ge
es
es
ag
ge
ge
es
es
g s

cop
copy
copy
copy
copy
copy
copy
cop
o
co
co
op
cop
py
copy
op
op
py
py
op
py
opy
y

role
role
rol
role
ol
l
ro
o
role
le
e
ol
le
le
e
ol
le
e

11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1
11
11
11
1
11
1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11

chi
h
chi
ch
hi
i
ch
hi
i

chief
ch
chie
chief
h
chief
chi
hie
hief
hief
chief
ch
hief
ief
chie
ch
hief
ch
hi
ie
ie
ef
ef
f
e

deaths
dea
d ath
deaths
de
ea
at
a
eaths
death
de
ea
ath
hs
ea
ath
at
th
hs
s
ath
ths

march
ma
marched
marc
marche
ma
ma
arched
rched
marched
mar
ma
ma
arch
h
rch
h
ma
arched
ch
ch
he
marched
mar
rc
ch
he
he
ed
ched
d
he
he
ed
d
ch
he
ed
ed
d
hed
d

gated
ated
gated
gat
gated
gated
ga
at
t d
gated
gat
ga
ate
ed
gated
ga
a
gat
te
te
ed
d
gat
te
te
ed
d
ed
ed

unaff
unaffected
unaffected
unaffecte
unaffected
un
naffecte
unaffected
un
na
affe
af
ff
ff
f
unaffected
unaffect
naff
na
af
ffect
ff
ff
f
unaffect
affe
af
ffected
fe
fe
e ted
ff
ff
fe
fe
ec
cted
ffecte
e
ffected
d
f
te
ed
d
ed
d

sunday
sunday
sun
sunday
su
su
unda
d
su
unday
und
nda
sund
da
da
day
unday
nday
da
ay
da
day
ay
ay
ay
y
9

mford
mf
ford
fo d

beyond
bey
beyond
beyond
beyond
be
be
eyo
beyond
beyo
be
beyo
e
bey
ey
be
be
eyond
ey
yond
nd
d
be
ey
yond
nd
d
ey
ey
ey
yo
yo
ond
nd
d
on
nd
d

eryth

lo
logi
log
lo
lo
logi
o
lo
lo
og
og
o
lo
lo
og
gi
lo
log
og
og
gi
og
og
gi
g
na
na
na

begun
begun
begun
egun
beg
egun
begu
egun
eg
begu
begun
eg
egu
eg
g
begun
be
egu
u
egun
n
begun
eg
gu
un
gun
g
hum
hum
hum
u

wednesday
wednesday
wednesd
wednesday
wednesd
wednesda
we
wednesday
wednesday
wednes
wedne
e
wednesd
d
wednesd
wedne
wednesd
ed
wednes
we
ednesd
ednesday
ednesd
dn
n sd
ednesday
ednes
edn
dn
ne
ne
es
s
dnesda
es
sda
esday
nes
esda
day
esday
esda
sd
d y
day
ay

independen
ndepe
dependen
depend
epend
d pende
ende
d

wednesday
wednesday
wednesday
wednesd
we
ednesday
ednesday
wednesday
wed
wednesda
we
we
wednesd
ed
wednesday
d
we
ed
edne
dn
n
we
ed
dnesd
dn
ne
ne
e
ed
dnesda
dn
ne
es
esday
dnesd
nesday
esday
esd
sday
da
esda
esday
sd
sd
da
a
sd
da
ay
y
ay
y
n th
th
he
he
e
t
tria
a
ria
al
a

testimony
testimony
testim
y
testimony
testimony
testimon
es
testimon
test
est
st
tim
testimony
test
te
es
es
st
estimon
timo
est
st
tim
stimon
mo
st
ti
im
mo
on
mo
ony
y
mon
ny
y
ony
y

testimony
testimon
testimony
testimony
ny
testimony
te
testimon
testimon
te
es
est
ti
testim
te
te
estim
es
stim
estimony
t
estimony
ti
testimo
estimo
estim
st
tim
timony
sti
im
stimo
mo
o
im
mo
on
on
n
mon
ny
ny
ny
y

testimony
testimony
estimony
stimon
te
estimo
test
te
estimony
es
stim
st
st
timo
ti
te
estimo
es
st
st
ti
tim
testimony
es
stim
stim
mon
m
stimony
stim
ti
im
mo
mo
o y
im
mo
on
ny
y
mo
ony
on
ny
ny
y
on
ny
y
ny

ei
eing
i
eing
ing

testimony
testimony
testimony
es
te
estimony
stimon
i
tes
st
stim
ti
ti
im
m
imony
estim
estimony
st
st
ti
ti
im
mo
mo
stimo
mon
timony
estimony
st
ti
ti
im
mo
on
im
mo
mo
ony
y
mony
mon
ony
ny
y
ny
ny
y

interrog
terrog
t
g

show
show
show
sh
how
show
h
show
sho
ho
o
how
o
how
sho
ho
ho
ow
ow
show
show
ow

as
s
as
as
as
a

as
s
as
as
s
as
s
as
s

as
as
s
as
s
as
as

as
as
as
s
as
as
as

as
as
s
as
as
as
s
as
s

put
put
put
pu
pu
put
put
put
put
pu
put
put
pu
put
put
put
put
put
pu
pu
put
put
pu
pu
put
put
put
put
pu
put
put
pu
ut
put
put
put
pu
put
put
pu
put
put
put
put
put
pu
pu
pu
u
pu
put
pu
ut
pu
put
pu
put
ut
put
put
put
u
put
put
pu
u
put
put
ut
ut
put
t
put
pu
put
u
pu
put
put
ut
t
put
ut
t
put
t
pu
p t
put
u
put
t
put
put
ut
t
ut
ut
t
ut
ut
ut
ts

itl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
tl
le
i

nine
nin
nine
nine
ni
i
nine
ni
ine
n
nin
ne
ne
nine
e
ne
e
give
give
i
give
e
give
give
give

live
live
live
i
live
ve
iv
ve
ve
v
iv
ve
ve
ive
liv
ve
ve
e
ve
e
ve
e

by
by
by
by
by
by
by
by
y
by
y
by
by
by
y
bed
ib
bed
ed
b
ib

by
by
by
by
y
by
y
by
by
y
by
y
by
by
y
s

le
le
e

by
by
by
y
by
by
y
by
by
by
y
by
by
by
y
by
y
es
es
s
e
t

by
by
by
y
by
by
by
by
by
by
by
by
by
by
y
rn
rn

by
y
by
by
by
y
by
by
y
by
by
y
by
by
y

by
by
by
by
by
by
by
by
by
y
by
by
by
y
by
by
by
y
hou
hou
o
ho
ho
h

by
by
by
y
by
by
y
by
y
by
y
by
by
y

by
by
by
y
by
by
y
by
y
by
y
nn
n
nn
n

by
by
by
by
by
by
y
by
by
y
by
y

35
35
35
35
5
35
35
5
35
35
5
35
5
35
5

35
35
35
35
35
5
35
5
35
5
35
5
35

na
ause
ausea
a
nause
na
aus
au
usea
us
sea
s
nausea
na
au
usea
se
e
aus
se
ea
a
us a

single
single
i
singl
ingle
sing
singl
ingl
single
sin
ing
ng
sing
si
i
sing
ng
ng
gle
in
ng
ngle
g
ngle
le
le
e
ng
gl
le
e
gl
le
e
ichma
chm
ch
hm
hma
hma
m
hm

single
single
in
ngle
ing
ngl
ingle
ng
in
ng
ng
g e
si
in
ngle
ng
ng
gl
gl
le
e
ngle
ng
gl
gl
le
e
gl
gl
le
e
g

report
report
report
epor
re
ep
port
repor
ep
po
repo
rep
p
ep
po
o
eport
or
rt
po
ort
t
port

th
th

literary
literar
lit
liter
l te
it
te
te
er
lit
iterary
ite
te
er
ra
ar
terary
te
erary
er
ra
ar
ry
rary
ar
ry
ry
y

eve
v
even
ev
ve
e
even
even
ev
v
even
ve
en
n
eve
en
n
v n
en

even
ev
eve
ev
even
ve
e
even
even
ve
en
even
ev
ve
en
n
ven

accepts
accepts
accep
ccepts
accept
accepts
accep
ac
acce
accep
ac
ccept
ce
cept
accep
accept
ccepts
ce
e
accep
accept
accep
ep
ccep
ccept
cep
ept
pt
ts
epts
ce
epts
pt
ts
s
ept
epts
ts
s
pts
pt
pt
ts
pts
ts
p s
p

56t
56th
56
6
56t
6
56
56
56
6t
6t
6t
th
h
56th
56
56t
56th
th
h
56th
56
6th
th
h
56t
th
h
6th
h

bla
bla
bla
bla
bla
bla
bl
bla
bla
bla
bla
bla
bla
bla
bla
bla
bla
bla
l
bla
bla
l
bla
bla
bl
l
bla
l
bla
bl
bla
bla
a
l
bla
la
la
bla
bla
bla
bl
bla
bla
bla
bla
bla
bl
bla
la
bla
bla
la
a
bla
la
bla
bla
la
a
la
a
bla
a
bla
bla
la
a
bla
a
bla
la
a
la
a
bl
bl
la
bla
la
la
la
ame
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
me
ei
ei
ei
eic
eic
ichm
hm
hm
m
ei

a

a

a

a
ho
ho
ho
ho

a

a
b

a

a

a

a

a

with
with
with
with
with
wi
it
ith
with
wi
ith
with
h
wi
ith
th
h
wit
th
h
wit
it
th
h
ith

with
with
with
with
wit
wi
ith
wit
wit
it
th
h
wit
wit
with
wi
wit
ith
th
h
wit
w h

teletype
teletype
telety
te
te
e
teletyp
te
te
el
let
teletype
te
elet
el
le
le
e
elet
type
te
te
elety
elet
ty
ty
le
le
et
ty
yp
yp
pe
ty
ty
yp
yp
pe
e
yp
pe
e
yp

7

7
nn
n
nn
n

arous
aroused
rouse
arous
ar
ro
roused
aro
ro
oused
aroused
use
aroused
ro
ou
us
se
ro
ouse
ed
ed
roused
se
ed
ed

captors
captors
captor
apto
captors
captors
captors
capto
cap
apto
t
capto
ca
apto
ap
ptors
pto
ca
apto
tors
or
rs
rs
ap
pt
to
ors
tors
pto
or
rs
s

news
news
ne
e
news
ew
ew
w
ews
ew
ws
ws
ws
w

news
ne
ne
e
new
ne
ne
ew
ew
ws
ne
ne
ew
ew
ws
ws
s
ews
ew
ws
ws
s
ws

new
news
ne
news
e
ne
ews
ew
ew
w
ew
new
ew
ws
ws
news
ew
ws
s
ews
s

horror
horror
horror
horro
horro
ho
horror
orro
r
horror
horror
horro
ho
orr
ro
or
ro
or
or
r

from
fr
fr
ro
o
from
from
fr
from
om
m
from
fro
om
om
om
m
om
m

fro
from
ro
fr
fr
ro
o
from
fr
fr
rom
om
om
m
om
from
fro
rom
om
m

from
from
from
om
o
fro
ro
om
m
from
rom
om
m
from
fr
rom
m
om
m

from
fro
rom
fr
fr
ro
o
fro
fr
rom
om
m
om
m

hi
hi
his
is
hi
hi
is
his
hi
is
h

his
his
is
hi
his
is
is
is
hi
hi
h s
his
is
his
his
his
s

his
hi
his
his
hi
is
hi
is
s
his
is
s
his
his
is
is
s

his
his
hi
hi
i
hi
is
s
hi
is
s
his

his
his
hi
i
hi
hi
his
s
his
is
his
hi
is
s
is
his
is

his
his
hi
hi
hi
i
his
hi
hi
is
s
his
hi
is
s
his
s
his

his
s
his
i
his
hi
i
hi
is
s
his
hi
is
s

his
his
hi
his
i
his
hi
his
is
s
hi
is
is
s
hi
is
s

his
his
hi
hi
hi
hi
i
hi
hi
is
s
hi
hi
is
s
his

his
his
hi
hi
is
hi
is
s
his
his
hi
is
s
hi
is
s
is

after
af
f
after
f
af
ft
ft
afte
af
ft
ft
te
er
ft
ft
te
er
er
er
te
er
fter
erk

aft
f
after
aft
ft
te
after
aft
fte
er
af
ft
fter
ft
te
e

claimed
claimed
claimed
aimed
claim
ai
claim
clai
la
aimed
im
la
aime
ai
im
med
e
claime
im
me
ed
ed
me
ed
d
ed
d
dis
dis
i
di
dis
dis
i

jerusalem—ad
jerusalem—ad
jerusalem—ad
rusalem—ad
je
je
erusalem—
erusal
jerusalem—ad
je
jerusalem
erusalem—ad
r
erusale
rusalem—ad
jerusalem
je
jerusalem—ad
jerusale
erusalem—a
jerusalem—a
erusalem—ad
ru
ru
u
erusalem—ad
jerusalem
jeru
rusalem—ad
usalem—a
sa
sa
erusalem—ad
er
rusalem—ad
ru
erusalem—ad
usalem—ad
a em
ru
rusalem—ad
sa
alem
m
usa
salem—ad
alem
alem—a
al
lem—ad
em
m
sal
lem—ad
em
em
m
alem—
em
m—ad
m— d
—a
—ad
ad
d
adolf
ol
olf
ol
olf
olf
f
olf

esday
esd
esday
sda
da
d
sd
da
ay

1

1

monster
monster
monster
mo
onster
mon
mo
on
mo
mon
on
ns
st
t
mons
ster
st
te
er
r
onster
st
te
e
ster
r
ster
er

17
7
17
17
17
7
17
7

It is amazing that Slomovitz

problem
problem
problem
pr
problem
pr
rob
proble
pr
roblem
o
problem
ble
bl
blem
pro
problem
proble
ob
ble
ble
ble
e
oblem
b e
blem
m
em
bl
le
em
em
m
b em
m
em

com
co
om
om
co
co
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direction
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escription
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es
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prac
pr
pr
ra
pra
ac
c
prac
pr
pr
r
pra
ac
c
pra
ac
c
p a
i nt
i

gistics
gisti
istics
tic
gi
is
s
istic
gi
is
stics
st
t
stic
gist
tics
stic
tic
stic
cs
tics
cs
gis
is
stics
tics
s
ic
cs
cs
s
u
azis
azis
s
z s

correct
correct
co
co
orrect
orrect
or
co
correct
orre
orrec
rre
co
co
orrec
o
cor
rre
rre
rr
orre
e
correc
or
rre
rr
orre
re
ect
corr
o re
ect
rr
re
ec
h

as
as
as
s
as
s
as
s

tou
toug
tough
toug
ou
ough
tou
ugh
tou
ugh
ug
gh

p ght
gh
g

by
by
by
by
by
y
by
by
by
by
y
by
by
y
by
y

re
ec
e
r

sea
sea

approach
appr
approach
approa
approach
approac
approac
ap
pproac
ap
app
ppro
pproa
proa
p
ap
ppro
pr
r
pproach
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pproa
pp
pr
ro
ro
oa
oa
ach
pproa
pp
pro
ro
ro
oach
oa
ac
c
ppro
oa
ac
ch
ch
oa
ach
ch
ach
ch
h
is
is
is
er
here
here
ere
re
s

ev
even
ev
ev
v
ev
ev
ve
ven
ve
en
n
ev
ven
ve
ven
even
en
n
eari
i
eari

even
ev
even
ev
ven
ve
even
eve
eve
ev
ve
ve
en
n
even
ev
ve
en
n
en
even
e
ve

ev
even
ven
even
e
ev
ven
ve
en
even
ve
en
en
n
en

much
muc
mu
much
mu
u h
much
h
much
mu
uch
ch
h
mu
uc
ch
h
ch
ch
h
uch
ch

with
wit
wi
with
wit
th
with
wi
wit
it
th
wi
wit
it
th
h
wi
with
th
wit
t

se
se
se
se
e
se
se
se
e
se
se
e
se
e
se
e
se
se
e
se
e
se
e

to
to
to

gentleman
gentle
gentleman
gentlema
ge
entl
gentlema
ge
en
en
ntle
l
ge
entle
en
entle
ntleman
ntl
tl
le
le
e
gentle
ge
e
gentlem
nt
tl
le
tlema
gentle
gentleman
nt em
m
tl
le
em
ma
ma
an

n
orrespo
rresp
p

his
s
his
his
hi
hi
his
his
ro
ro
ro
ro

his
his
i
his
his
hi
is
hi
is
s
his
is
s
i

here
here
he
he
he
e
here
here
he
er
re
e
er
her
re
e
he e

flock
flock
floc
floc
flo
floc
flo
ock
k
fl
flo
oc
ck
k
flo
flock
oc
ck
k
f
c
ock
k
ock
c

trage
trage
trage
rag
rage
trag
rag
trag
rage
rag
rage
trag
rag
rage
trage
tra
trag
rag
rage
ag
rag
rage
r
trage
rage
ra
trag
rage
trag
rag
rage
rage
a
rage
a
tr
r
trage
age
ag
ag
trage
ra
age
ag
g
trage
tr
rage
age
ag
ag
age
ge
ge
tra
t a
rag
ag
ge
ge
ge
e
trage
rag
rag
ag
g
age
ge
ge
e
ra
ag
ag
ag
ge
ge
e
rage
ag
ag
ge
ge
e
ge
ge
ge
ge
e
ge
ge
e
ge
e
ge
ge
edy
dy
dy
dy
dy
dy
y
dy
dy
dy
dy
dy
dy
y
dy
dy
dy
dy
dy
dy
dy
y
dy
dy
dy
dy
y
dy
dy
dy
dy
dy
y
dy
dy
dy
y
dy
dy
y
dy
y
dy
dy
y
dy
dy
y

expert
expert
exp
expert
t
expert
ex
xper
p
expert
expe
ert
expe
expert
rt
ex
xpe
ert
xper
xp
p

ford
ford
f
d
ford
fo
ford
ord
d
ford
fo
ford
ord
ford
ord
r
ford
ord

ford
fo
fo d
ord
ford
ord
for
ord
or
ord
d
for
fo
ord
ford

ford
ford
ford
fo
ford
fo
ord
d
ford
d
for
ord
ford
ford
rd

ford
d
fo
fo
ford
d
rd
d
ford
fo
o
for
or
or
rd
ford
d
fo
ord
for
or
rd
f

ford
for
ford
d
ford
ford
ord
or
ord
rd
d
fo
or
rd
ford
d
fo
or
rd
r

ford
ford
for
for
fo d
ford
ford
fo
ord
for
rd
ord
for
fo
ord
rd
ord
fo
ord
fo
ord
rd
fo
or
r

decided
decided
ecided
ded
ed
decid
de
eci
ecided
c
ecided
ecide
ide
ided
decide
cided
d
de
ecided
ded
decide
ed
d

love
love
ve
love
lov
ve
lov
ve
e
lov
o

bringing
bringing
ringing
inging
b
i
b
g
bringing
bringing
ri
ring
bringing
ngin
ngin
g
inging
gi
ing
ging
br ng
ng
ging
g
bringin
in
ng
gi
ging
b
g
g

hun
un
hundreds
undred
hundred
d
ed
hundred
d
undreds
d
dred
hundreds
hundred
hundreds
hundreds
hu
undre
hundred
ndre
nd
undre
d
hundred
dreds
re
eds
s
hund
dre
undreds
hundreds
und
dr
red
hu
u

a
caree
career
ree
caree
caree
caree
are
e
caree
ee
caree
e
caree
care
are
r
care
e
care
ee
ca
car
aree
are
ca ee
ca e

caree
caree
career
er
caree
ca
ar
career
caree
eer
eer
er
ca
a e
ree
ee
ca
ca
a ee
e

career
a
car
re
e
reer
er
r
r
ca
are
ee
reer
er
r
care
aree
eer
are

ca
aree
ar
ree
ee
eer
reer
career
ca
ar
r
career
eer
eer
r
ca
ar
areer

caree
ca
areer
areer
re
e
reer
career
career
caree
are
e
ree
career
er
ca
care
eer

is
is
is
is
s
is
s
is
is

is
s
is

is
is
is
is
is
s
is
s
i

like
ike
ke
ike
ke
ke
ike
ik
ike
e
ke
e

student
student
stude
udent
tudent
tud
t
studen
uden
den
dent
n
ent
stu
studen
stud
tu
studen
tud nt
n
t de

yet
yet
et
yet
yet
yet
e
yet
ye
yet
t
yet
et
ye
et
t

sad
a
sad
d
sad
sa
a
sad
d
sad
d
sa
sad
d

series
series
series
serie
eries
ries
ie
e
erie
series
s
er
ries
i
erie
es
er
ries
es
er es

adolph
olph
dolph
o
adolp
ado
adolp
ado
dolph
p
adolph
dolp
ol
dolp
ph
ado p
olph
adolph
h
adolp

prove
ve
prov
prove
pro
rov
ov
ov
rove
ove
pro
pro
ove
prove
p ove
p

major
major
major
o
majo
major
ajo
ajor
aj
major
major
major
r
major
major
j

d
se d
se
end
d
se
end
d
se
end
nd
n

laid
laid
laid
la
aid
la
aid
a
laid
la
aid
aid
la

into
o
into
into
in
nt
to
into
o
nto
nto
nto

into
into
nto
in
nto
nt
into
o
int
nto
o
into
o
into

into
in
into
to
in
nto
nt
nto
in
nto
o
in
nto
o

lin
i
line
lin
ne
e
line
ine
ne
line
ne
line
ne

lin
ine
line
ne
line
ne
line
ine
e
line
ine
lin
i e

hitler
hitle
hitle
tler
hitler
l
itl
hitle
tl
hitle
ler
hit er
hitle
er
itler
hit
t er

hitler
e
hit
itler
it
t e
hitle
hit
tle
er
hitler
hitle
hi l
hitle
itler
hi
it
tler
h

fo
four
ou
u
fo
our
fo
our
four
r

district
district
district
district
i
district
distric
di
distri
dist
stri
trict
distric
district
strict
distric
dis
dist
distr
rict
distri t
district

mere
mere
mere
ere
me
ere
er
re
e
mer
mere
er
ere
me
mer
r
mer

wo
world
world
wo
world
world
wo
wo
world
world
l
world
d
wo
wo
orld
r
or
rld
worl
o
wor d
w rl

world
world
world
orld
l
orld
wo
wor
world
orld
world
wo
world
wo
o
world
orl

world
worl
worl
orld
orld
world
worl
rl
rld
world
o
wo
world
w r d
world
w

world
world
orld
orld
d
world
ld
orld
world
wo
o
world
or
world
l
orld
worl
world
wor d
or

world
worl
ld
or
rld
orld
d
world
or
worl
rld
world
d
world
wo
o d
wor
o d
r

world
world
world
ld
d
wor
world
wo
worl
ld
d
wo
wo
o
worl
rl
orld
world
wo
orld
wor

world
world
world
world
worl
orld
rld
wo
or
or
world
rl
ld
orld
wo
or
orl
l
world
d
world
wor d

today
toda
oday
today
d
tod
day
today
oday
da
a
toda
ay
to
today
oda
od
oday
to
oday
oda
t
ay

period
period
eriod
iod
d
od
er
r
perio
rio
period
d
eriod
riod
pe
pe
eriod
rio
erio
od
p ri
erio
od
pe iod
p

step
ste
step
step
te
ep
ep
p
st
tep
ep
ep
p
step
st
te
tep
ep
p
st

step
step
step
step
tep
step
step
step

iss e
issue
issue
issue
issu
is
ss
sue
ue
issue
is
ss
su
ue
ss
issue

ing
ng
ing
ing
g
ng
ing
ing
ng
ng
g
ng
ing

ing
ing
ing
ing
g
ing
ing
ing

century
centur
century
cent
centur
century
e
century
nt
centu
nt
cent
nt
centu
ntu
ntury
e
ce
century
century
entu
ntu
ury
ry
y
nt r

250
25
50
250
0
50
0
25
25
50
25
50
0
25
50

worker
work
worker
k
work
work
orker
er
worker
worke
wo
worke
orker
rke
ke
e
rker
wo
ork
o ke
worker
orker

5,000
5,000
5,00
000
0
5,00
00
00
00
5 000
00
00
00
5 00
0
5,000
00
5,000
5 00
5 00
00
00
5
00
5,0
,

prominent
prominent
rominent
minen
prominent
promi
prom
om
minen
promin
minen
ne
prominent
ent
ominent
promine
r
pro
om
m
promin
ne
ne
e
prominen
minent
rom
m
omine
ent
prom
pr m n
p

fred
fre
ed
ed
d
fre
red
fr
re
ed
d
red
d
fr
re
ed
d
fre
ed

kishinev
ine
hi
kishinev
ishinev
ki
kishine
kishinev
kishin
hinev
kish
shinev
shinev
nev
kishin
kish
k shin
hi
hin
nev
ev
kis
kish ne
kishinev
v
kishi
v
n

march
ma
marc
march
mar
ar
rc
ch
h
mar
rch
h
m

march
rch
march
arch
march
mar
arch
rch
ch
march
march
march
ma
arch
r
ar
marc
c
arch
rch
ma
ar h
ch

notorious
toriou
otorious
t
notorious
otorio
orious
orious
notorious
orio
torious
orious
noto
oto
tor
otorio
otoriou
otoriou
otorious
s
n t
otorious
otoriou
orious
s
not
u

notorious
noto
notorious
rious
otoriou
notori
notori
notorio
notoriou
otorious
notorious
notorio
noto
oto
ot
to
to
otor
ri
toriou
ous
s
no
notorio
otorio
tori
or ous
notoriou
otori
ot
torio
to
or
s

advising
si
dvis
visin
advising
ing
ad
advisin
dvisi
vi
ising
advis
dvis
sing
i
dvising
g
advising
advisi
advising
dv
vising
advis
dvisin
vi i g
ad
dvi
g

organization
organizatio
organizatio
ganiz
organization
ganizatio
orga
organization
orga
organization
ti
t
orga
rgani
rg
ganizatio
an
ani
niza
zati
at
rganizat
tion
o
organization
o gan
n zation
o
tion
anization
organiz
an za
ganizatio
o
ga

rganization
organization
organization
organization
organization
organizatio
ganizat
t
organizatio
orga
organ
rga
ga
an
organization
iza
z
organiza
rganizati
io
anization
on
n
rganization
n
organizatio
rg
ganiza
zatio
o
anization
n
orga
aniza on
rgan
g n
g

deemed
deemed
deemed
emed
eemed
emed
deeme
deeme
ed
d
deeme
dee
deem
me
med
deemed
emed
de
deem
me

dece
december
decembe
d
b
mber
mbe
decemb
ecember
b
ecembe
december
de
december
decemb
ece
emb
mber
dece
decem
c

deal
deal
a
dea
ea
ea
eal
deal
dea
ea
deal
d

you
you
ou
you
u
ou
you
you
ou
yo
yo
ou
u
you
y

change
change
ge
hang
ha
cha
han
n
hange
ng
chang
ge
change
chang
hang
ge
e
chang
an
nge
g

early
early
rl
ly
ea
arly
early
ly
y
ea
ear
rly
y
ear
ar
rly
y
ear
rly
y

early
rly
rly
y
early
earl
arly
rly
early
arly
ar y
ea
ar y
early
ea
arly
r y

early
arly
arly
arl
ear y
ea
ear
ar y
ea
ea
ar y
ear
ar y

community
community
munity
ommunit
mmunity
community
mmunit
mm
mmunit
mu
m
comm
mu
un
mun
ommun
ni
ommunit
nity
nity
mmunity
commu
om
mmuni
mmun
mmunity
n
community
y
nity
com
communit
ommunit
mmu
uni y
com
y

commun
ommunity
community
mmunity
community
ty
mmu
unity
uni
mmunity
mmunity
n
ommunity
ommunity
com
ommuni
mm
m
community
muni
un t
ity
y
commu
commun y
community
mmun

f

community
unity
ommunity
i
ommunit
communit
comm
omm
ommun
commu
mmunity
ommun
mmun
m
mmunity
mu
unity
t
community
mmunity
unity
commun
om
mm
mm
ommun
mu
community
om
ommu
mm
mu ity
c mm

community
community
ommun
comm
munity
munity
communi
munit
t
mmunity
com
co
ommunity
om
community
mm
mmun
unity
n
un ty
community
o
community
omm
mmun
un y
community
ommu
mm
mmun ty
y

forerunne
foreru
rerun
forerunn
runne
erunne
nne
forerunner
forerunne
ne
e
rerunne
rerunner
forerunner
fo
forerunner
ore
eru
ru
orerunner
forerunner
or
rerunner
u
e

forerunn
forerunner
rerunner
run
erunne
r
oreru
oreru
unn
n
erunne
ne
unner
r
forerun
fo
ore
fo
orerunner
rerunne
er
forerunner
unn
nner
fo
or runne
er
fo
orerun
fo
di
i
di
i
di
di
i
di
i
di
d

editor
ed
d
editor
di
i
editor
edi
it
t
dito
o
editor
e it
edito
to
o
edito

editor
editor
dito
di
it
dit
edito
edit
dito
edito
ed
ed
ed
dit
itor
or
ed
ed
dito
edit
tor
e
or
r

editor
editor
di
dit
edit
editor
r
dito
ditor
dito
edito
to
editor
r
ed
dit
to
or
dit
d to
or
ed
d

editor
editor
edito
dito
ditor
edi
di
editor
t
dito
ed
dito
ditor
dito
o
edito
or
edit

ar
ar
ar
ar
ar
ar
ar
a

minated
illuminated
illuminated
minated
luminated
uminated
illuminate
llumina
llumina
llu
uminate
mi
luminat
illuminated
llumina
uminate
umi
m
uminated
n
minate
ated
at
nate
ate
uminated
minated
illum
uminate
uminat
min
illumina
a
luminated
ted
nated
il
mi ated
ated
te
illu
l

b'rith
b'
b'rith
b' i
ith
h
rith
b'rit
b'rith
'rith
rit
th
b'rith
b'rith
b'r th
b rith
b ri
it
th
th
h

numbered
numbered
numbered
numbered
mbered
numbered
numbered
umbered
num
umbe
b
umbe
er
r
numbere
numbere
ed
bered
umbe
num
mb
umber
mbe
umbe
er
re
ed
d
numbered

assembly
bly
assemb
assembly
embly
embl
a
embly
mb
mbly
m
ssembl
assembly
sembly
y
assembly
ssembly
ssemb
sem
sembly
mbly
mbly
l
assembly
s e
ssem
mb
m
semb
bl
asse
s mb y

may
ma
ma
may
may
may
y
may
ay
y
may

ish
ish
h
ish
h
is
sh
is
sh
is

sh
h
ish
sh
ish
s
ish
h
is
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luminarie
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said
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20s
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moments
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48034
48
80
03
34
34
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48034
48
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03
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48034

n
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days
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slomo
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hold
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1930s
930
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3
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ean
korea
korean
korean
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orean
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ko
orean
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ea
korean
kore
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as
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associate
ssociate
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gy
clergy
clergy
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cler
clergy
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clergy
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clergy
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charles
charles
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charles
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275
75-520
5-520
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observer
obse
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second
second
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friday
friday
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campus
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citizensh
citizenship
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citize
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scholarship
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scholarsh
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holarship
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guided
guide
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all
ll
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all
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all
all
al
all
all

1920s
1920
920s
920s
920s
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920
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920
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1920s
1920
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1920s
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1920
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920
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1920s
20s
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1920s
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920
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hilip
hilip
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hilip
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hili
hilip
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hilip
hi
hilip
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s
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zionist
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zionist
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zionist
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y

receiving
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i
radio
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radio
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radio
radio
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o
ra
adio
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rad
adio
dio
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15
15
15
5
15

dents
dents
dents
dents
den
den
den
nt
nts
ents
dent
nt
ts
ents
s
dent
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den
saints
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t
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s
sain
int
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born
born
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bo
born
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n
bo
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rations
ra
rations
rati
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ratio
rations
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on
ns
s
rations
a
ra
a
s
ra
s

city
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cit
ity
city
city
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y
ity
city
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london
ondon
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londo
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london
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nd
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important
mportan
mportant
important
importa
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importa
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por
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imp
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important
mp
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stress
t
stress
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stress
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s
tre
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printed
printed
printed
printed
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printed
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southfield
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fi
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hfield
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d
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out
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weeks
wee
weeks
we
weeks
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ks
we
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weeks
we
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week
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ited
united
ted
united
united
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unit
it
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te
nited
unite
nite
united
d
un
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association
ssociati
ociat
sociation
at
associ
associa
association
soci
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ci
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ati
t
ociati
ciatio
ssociatio
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assoc
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ass
sociatio
asso
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c a
ociation
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as
ss
so
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ssociat
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ssoc a

homeland
homeland
h
eland
homeland
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l
homeland
homela
meland
ela
meland
homelan
ho
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ome
homela
me
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la
an
hom
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me
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ho
hom
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young
o
you
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yo
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oung
g
oung
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young
you
you
un
ng
oung
g
oung
g
y
g
y

young
ng
young
young
yo
yo
young
y ung
young
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un
ung
yo
young
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oun
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g

p

t te
st
ta
at
te
state
st
ta
at
te
e
state
s

he
herzl
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l
her
herzl
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her
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fixture
fixtu
fi
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re
fixtu
fix
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xture
t re
fi
ixt
x
fix
xtu
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re
f xture

claimed
claim
laimed
i
claime
claimed
d
laime
m
aime
aime
ime
aimed
cl
claime
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me
med
d
claime
cla m
claimed
claime
a m0
000
5 000
0
00
5 0
5 000
00
0
5 000
5 000
0 0
00
0
00
5 0
5 000
00
5 000
5 000
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column
column
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lum
column
umn
co
colu
olum
um
m
column
colum
mn
n
umn
col
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olum
olumn
mn
ol mn

scene
sce
sc
scene
cen
cen
ene
scene
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sc
ce e
scen
en
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na
nazi
i
naz
nazi
a
na
naz
azi
azi
nazi
zi
nazi
nazi
azi
nazi
zion
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o
zion
zion
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zi
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on
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n
z o
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on
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communist
t
communist
ommunis
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commun
ommun
n
comm
m
communi
ni
communis
st
co
ommunist
m
communist
mmun
mun
nis
unis
mmunis
co
ommu
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st
co
nis

some
so
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so
ome
some
m
some
me
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som
so
ome
e
om
me
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some
some
om
me
ome
som
som
me
some
som
me
o

newspaper
newspaper
newspaper
newspaper
new
wsp
wspape
spape
wspape
newsp
wspape
newspaper
p
ewspape
p
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newsp
ne
ews
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news
news
spape
pa
wspa
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wspap
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wspap
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newspape
newspape
a
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friend
frien
frie
i
friend
e
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d
fr
ri
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n
riend
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nd
f

blaming
blam
blaming
blaming
blami
ming
mi
blam
bla
bl
blaming
aming
blam
min
mi
aming
ng
b am
mi
blamin
ng
blam
b am ng

punches
unches
nche
h
punche
punch
punch
unches
punches
unches
punch
un
punch
ch
ch
che
he
es
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es
punc
che
unche
e
ches
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punch
punches
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first
first
first
i st
firs
first
fi
irst
st
st
t
first
fir
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st
t
first

first
first
first
first
firs
firs
first
rs
st
first
t
f st
first
t
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first
firs
fi
first
first
irs
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first
t
first
fir
rst
t
fir
rst
t
fir
rst
t

first
first
irst
fi
first
first
rs
s
rst
t
st
fir
rs
st
first
fi
fir

commentary
ommenta
commentar
mmentary
commentary
ommentary
ommentary
menta
mmentar
ommentary
mmen
ent
ommentary
comm
comm
ommentary
commentary
om
mment
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ommentary
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mmentar
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omm
mme
ent
t
y
comm
m
enta
a

commentary
ommentary
co
ommentary
om
omme
mmentary
ommentary
ommentar
mentary
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e
mmenta
mmen
mentary
enta
a
mmentar
mentar
mentary
ommenta
mentary
menta
mentar
a
ntar
ry
omment
mentar
omm
omm

columns
columns
co
olum
o
colu
olumn
olumn
um
mn
um
mn
co
olumn
um
columns
m
umns
n
colum
co
ol mns
olumns
columns
o

establishment
me
tablishmen
establishment
stablishmen
stablishmen
tabli
stab
esta
ablishme
bli
establi
establis
tablishme
shmen
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ent
ment
establis
stablishm
s a
sh
h
ablishme
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t
establishment
stablish
establish
blishment
ta
a

tl
little
little
ttle
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li
little
tt e
little
ttle
tle
ittle
e
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seeds
eeds
d
seed
eeds
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see
ed
d
see
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ed
eed
ds
s
eds
seeds
s
seeds
s

conclusion
conclusion
conclus
conclusion
onclusio
nclusi
onclusion
onclusio
sio
co
conclu
onclusi
nclusion
cl sio
on
nclusi
us
clusion
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n
co
onc
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conclusion
cl

wealth
wea
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alth
h
wealth
wealt
wealth
lt
wealt
th
wealth
wealt
ea
alt
th
wea
alt
th
i

events
even
vents
eve
event
t
eve
ve
even
vent
t
events
s
eve
ent
ts
events
n

events
event
ev
ve
events
en
ent
event
vent
ents
events
events
event
vents
vent
vents
en
eve
ven s
vents
eve

russia
russia
ussia
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s
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russ
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sia
russia
ussi
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ru
ussi
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russ a
ru
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ss
russ
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russia

social
socia
social
social
socia
social
socia
social
soci
ocial
so
soc
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soc a
social
ocia

social
social
socia
socia
socia
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soc
so
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socia
socia
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ca
ca
ca
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coughlin
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litt
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hlin
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jews
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few
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public
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fat
father
father
the
father
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father
father
fathe
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fathe
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father
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father
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fat
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news
new
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news
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news
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news
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news
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news
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news
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farmers
farmer
farme
arm
farmer
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fa
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organizatio
organizatio
organiz
organizati
organizatio
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rganizatio
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org
organizat
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advertisin
a
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advertisin
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dvertisin
dvertis
advertisin
advertisin
dvertis
advertisin
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sin
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advertis
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dvertisin
dvertis
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advertisi
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sin
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advertisin
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adv
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gc
circulation
latio
circulation
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circulation
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circulatio
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circulation
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jour
ur
our
ou
ou
our
ur
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each
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work
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work
work
wor
work
work
wo
wo
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agency
agen
agency
agency
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gen
ncy
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agen
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gen
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enc
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agency
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agenc
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age
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writing
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bennett
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paid
aid
pa
pa
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pa
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congress
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ngress
congress
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ongress
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kn
known
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kn
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sup
su
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sup
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sup
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66
66
6
66
66
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66
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veteran
veteran
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vetera
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1910
191
1
91
910
1910
0
1910
19
910
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910
910
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1910
10
0
91

including
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including
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ra
israel
israel
israe
srae
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sra
srae
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israe
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israe
is
s ae
srae
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yellow
ellow
ello
yellow
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llow
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lo
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low
w
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yel
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yel
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began
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the
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192
1

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beg
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worldwide
worldwide
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2

chman
hma
chman
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ch
ch
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hma
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man
chma
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hma
an
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an
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chm n
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mo
mo
more
ore
more
mo
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more

mo
mo
mo
or
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more
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more
more
mor
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them
them
them
he
h
th
hem
them
m
th
hem
th
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th
hem
them
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30s
30s
0s
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30s
30s
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30
0s
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30s

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sent
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group
gro
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group
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group
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oup
gro
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oup
gro
grou
grou
up
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publishing
publishing
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publishin
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pub
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p
ford
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f
0s
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octob
octo
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octobe
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to
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be
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octobe
tob r

the
h
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these
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these
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h
the
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they
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hey
hey
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since
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sinc
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since
since
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sin
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since
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gift
gif
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nn
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fi
five
five
five
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five
five
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fi
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torm
storm
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torm
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st
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m
st
torm
m
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ruining
ruining
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sti
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editorial
editor
ditoria
editorial
editoria
ditori
editorial
editoria
editoria
di
ed
ditorial
torial
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editorial
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editoria
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ditori

ha
harry
ry
harry
ha
harry
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ha
harry
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harry
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age
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age
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age
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promises
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promis
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and
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roosevelt
rooseve
osevelt
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roosevelt
rooseve
ooseve
ooseve
sevelt
sevelt
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oo
oose
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oosevelt
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holocaust
olocaus
holocaust
holoc
holoca
holoca
olocaus
locaust
holocaust
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olocaus
holocaust
hol
holo
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ca
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s
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caust
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class
class
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ss
clas
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bayonne
bayo
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bayonn
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many
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many
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ny
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roportions
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ti
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roportions
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portion
proportion
roportions
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proportions
propo
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competing
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during
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during
uring
du
du
ur ng
during

newspapers
newspaper
ewspapers
w
ewspape
wsp
wsp
s
wspape
pap
paper
wspap
spa
ewspa
ewspap
pers
pe
spape
papers
s
papers
newspap
newspa
newspape
ews
sp
wspa
p
ewspap
aper
e s
news apers
s
newspape
p

government
overnment
vernment
ment
overnment
government
overnme
governme t
govern
gov
governmen
ernm
vernm
rn
vernme
nment
governm
rnmen
me
overnme
men
ent
govern
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vernmen
ernm
rn
nme
e
men
nt
governme
ve
e nment
governm
overn
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government
overnmen
rnment
government
government
go
t
rnment
government
go
overn
overnme
vernment
vernment
ern
ern
governm
men
government
g
r m
n
rn
governm
men
en
nt
r ment
nt
g
nm
g
ing
ing
ing
ing
g
ing
ing
ing
ing
i g
ing

vised
vised
vised
is
vis
sed
vised
ised
ed
vised
i
vis
sed
ed
v ed
d
vised
e

dec
dec
dec
de
dec
dec
de
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dec

file
fi
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fil
files
files
files
files
ile
les
s
fi
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le
e
files
fi
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files

files
files
fil
files
files
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file
es
file
es
s
files
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f le
es
s
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walter
walter
walter
l
alter
te
walter
wa
alt
te
er
er
wa
alte
a te
te
er
ter
alter
wa e
lte
e
wa t
b

holo
holo
h l
ho
holo
lo
holo
holo
ho
hol
lo
ho
ol
holo
holo
o
holo
o
until
until
til
il
t
until
ntil
unt
until
unt l
unti
nt l

birth
t
birth
h
birth
t
birth
birt
ir
birt
th
birt
rth
bir
rth
b r

versity
versity
versity
versit
sity
versity
versity
si
versity
ersit
ers ty
versit
ver
ers
versit
sity
versity
versi y
e
y
s

serve
serve
er
ser
rv
v
erve
e
serve
ve
serve
se
serv
e
e
erv

postage
sta
postag
post
ostage
st
stage
ag
tag
posta
ost
stag
ge
p sta
ag
ge
p
g

groundwork
groundwork
groundwo
groundwork
und
groundwo
roundwo
dwor
groundw
ound
groundw
d
undwo
w
groundw
groundwork
or
groundwor
groundw
groundwo
roundwo
o
groundw
un
groun
ground
dw
w
undw
groundwor
undwor
groundwo
ground

1940s
940s
940s
40
0
940
940
940s
40
940
940s
940s
940
40s
40
40s
0
940s
s
940s
940
40s
940s
40s
1
s

november
novembe
ovember
nov
vemb
ber
b
ovem
ve
embe
be
er
nov
ve
emb
m
vember
ber
ovem
vem
d
organiz
organiz
organi
n
orga
organiz
organi
rgani
ganiz
orga
an
organ
n z
orga
or
rganiz
rgan
ga
gan
organ
organiz
z
or
rgan
org

american
american
ri
america
america
america
merica
america
american
er c
american
an
american
merica
meri
american
can
a
american
american
merica
e
an
ame
meri
me c

american
american
erican
ame
america
merican
am
merican
erican
eric
erican
i
americ
can
n
merican
am
am
me
merica
ican
merican
n
american
a

remain
ma
ai
remain
remain
n
rem
main
emain
main
re
e
rema
ma
a
rema
remain
n
rema
ma
ain

erica
america
meric
i
merica
america
america
merica
mer
ame
meric
i
meric
ca
merica
ame
meric
erica
er
ameri
merica
america
america
mer
rica
ic
ca
turning
urnin
turnin
turning
t rnin
urning
turnin
urning
urning
rning
rn
ni
in
n
ning
ng
g
turn ng
ning
g
turning
turning
urning
ing
u
g

people
eop
pe
people
people
le
peop
peop
eop
peop
op
peop
eo
op
peo
pe
eo
eo
eo
op
peop
p op
p

people
eople
ople
people
ple
ple
pe
eople
eo
op
eopl
le
ple
people
eople
ople
people
pe
eo
ople
e
p op
p
p

people
eople
people
ple
eopl
ople
peop
eople
people
pe
e
peo
ople
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pl
ople
pe
eo
op
ple
people
pe
e p
p

within
within
within
within
hi
within
with
wit
with
ithi
with
within
thin
w thin
w thin

two
wo
wo
tw
w
tw
wo
two
wo
two
tw
wo
wo

pur
purely
purely
purely
ely
el
purely
pure
ely
ly
purely
r
pure
re
el
ly
y
urely
y
purely
re
ely
y
pu
pur
ur
re y

purely
purely
urely
purely
purely
purely
pu
purely
purely
y
urely
purely
re
rel
re
ely
y
ly
purely
re
ely
ure
re y

reflects
reflects
f
efl
fl
flects
cts
refl
eflects
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fl ct
ts
s
reflects
reflect
ref
re
eflects
fl
lects
re
eflects
ects
e lects

have
hav
have
av
hav
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e
have
av
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e
ha
a
have
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have
have
have
av
av
av
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hav
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have
a
ha
av
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av
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have
have
hav
v
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e
hav
hav
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have
ve
ha
hav
a

epression
depression
depression
depres
depression
depressi
depressio
dep
p
epressi
res
pre
ession
essio
pression
n
epres
pr
epression
on
n
depressi
epress
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n
dep
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franklin
frankl
ra klin
franklin
k
anklin
fran
rankli
franklin
nk
kl n
franklin
fra
an
an
nklin
rankli
l n
li

october
ctober
octobe
october
er
octobe
an
a

n
anklin
frankl
frankl
frankli
franklin
franklin
n
franklin
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franklin
f
klin
frankli
franklin
fr
rankli
rank
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nkl n
f ank

frankli
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franklin
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k
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fra
an
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fra
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franklin
fra
ank
k

ankli
n
frankli
ranklin
franklin
kli
frankl
franklin
f
k
franklin
lin
franklin
in
franklin
ra
anklin
klin
k n
franklin
an
frank
klin
fran lin
f i

staff
staf
sta
af
ff
f
staff
staf
taff
ff
f
ff
taff
staff
st
taf
ff
st
st
ta
af
f
s

attorney
attorney
tt
torney
attorney
at
tt
tt
to
o
ttorney
rney
ney
ttorney
ney
torney
attorney
att
at
tt
torn
ney
attorney
at
at orne
e
a
e

telegraphic
telegraphic
aphic
p
egra
graphic
telegraphic
telegraphic
elegrap
e
telegraph
graphi
telegraph
telegraphic
e egrap
r
telegra
elegraph
aphic
ic
eleg
legraphic
gr
gr
raph
ph
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phic
telegraphi
el
leg
g a
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legr
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r
h c

y

wife
wif
wife
wife
wife
if
f
wife
wife
wif
f
wife
wif
f
wif
f
wife
w

worked
worked
ke
orked
worked
ked
worked
ked
d
ked
wor
wor
or
rke
ked
d
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worked
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ke
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d

worked
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worked
worked
d
worked
worked
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k
worke
orked
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worked
wo
worked
ked
w rked
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s a
hristian
christians
christi
tians
christ
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christians
ti
isti
ristian
stians
s
chri
i
hristians
ans
christian
hristi
ri tians
ch
hris
c

simo
simons
sim
mons
simons
sim
simon
simons
n
simons
ns
simons
s
simon
m
sim
mon
ons
n
mons
s
s mons
s
s mon
o

hung
hung
hung
hun
hung
ung
hung
n
ung
g
hung
hun
ng

president
esident
presid
resid
presiden
esiden
d
sident
president
resident
esiden
preside
resid
esid
den
e
resident
presid
pres
res
si en
esident
t
presid
p eside
president
president
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sid

pres
president
resident
esid
d
presiden
president
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dent
preside
president
preside
presiden
res
president
si
id
presid
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president
preside
preside
president
reside
sid n
presid
den
d
p

prelate
e
prela
prelat
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prelat
pre
prelate
prela
pr
rela
elate
a
prelate
prelate
prelat
prela
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prelate
pr
rela
e at
a
p

l

the
he
he

supplements
supplemen
em
supplement
m
suppleme ts
upplements
supplem
su
up
pp
plem
ple
plem
me
emen
nt
ments
s
suppleme
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plemen
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p
m

but
but
but
bu
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but
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but
but
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but
b

but
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bu
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but
but
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bu
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but
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but
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but
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but
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but
bu
but
but
but
u
but
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bu
but
bu
but
bu

day
da
day
a
day
ay
ay
day
day
da
ay
day

day
day
day
ay
day
y
da
ay
y
day
da
ay
day
y
ay

awe
aw
aw
w
awe
e
aw
awe
aw
we
we
jew
jew

defender
defender
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d
defen
defend
defen
f
de
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f
de
defend
d
fende
er
der
defe
defende
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fende
fe
en
n
defend
de
e
defen
efen
nde
ende
e
d

mite
semite
semite
semi
m
semi
mit
semite
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semite
semite
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sem
mite
emite
e
semit
se
emite
mite
semi
m te

one
on
one
e
ne
one
one
ne
on
on
ne

late
ate
ate
lat
te
e
late
at
te
e
late
te

supporter
suppor
supporter
supporte
rte
pporte
porter
upporte
rter
upporter
te
orte
e
porter
pporter
supporter
supp
po
po
o
support
te
supporte
er
suppo
su
uppo
port
pport
te
supp
pporter

l
hi

of
f
of
f
of
f
of
of

of
f
of
f
of
f
of
f

of
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f
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chang
ha
hanges
change
ges
s
ch
han
hanges
nge
n
hang
ge
es
s
chan
nge
es
s
ge

with
th
wit
with
wi
ith
with
with
wi h

with
with
with
h
with
wit
th
th
with
wi
with
with
h
with
h

with
wi
it
with
wit
with
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with
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with
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with
with
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it
th
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h
ith
t

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with
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ith
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wi
wit
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h
with
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with
with
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with
h
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wi
it
with
th
h
with
wi
w th
with
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with
with
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with
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with
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wi
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with
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b i
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vitz
tz
z
v

wi
with
wit
wi
with
with
with
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with
t

with
with
with
with
h
wit
it
th
h
wit
th
wit
th
with
vice
vice
ce
vice
ce
ce
ce
vice
ice
e
v ce
v ce

slovak
lovak
slovak
slova
slova
lo
k
slovak
ov
v
ova
ak
ak
slo
s ova
ak
slo
o
slova
va
ak
l
i

increasingly
increasingly
increasingly
cre
increasin l
increa
reasingly
easingly
ncreasingl
singl
s
creasingly
g y
increa
cr
creasin
rea
eas
s
asingly
n
ncreasing
g y
increasingly
n
incre
creasin
s
g
ncreasingly
y
incr
n
easing
g y

semi
anti-semites
anti-semites
ti-sem
s
nti-semite
anti-semites
anti-semites
nti-semites
semi
anti-semit
ites
t
anti-semite
nti-semites
ti-semit
ti semit
anti s
anti se
emi
m
semit
m
em t
emite
e
anti-semites
anti-semites
an
nti-se
i semites
sem
sem te
es
anti-semi
n i- em
m es
e

tempts
tempt
tem
tempts
t
tem
empt
tem
m
tempts
empts
pt
empts
empts
empts
tem
tempts
ts
s
tempts
te
e
p

1942
1942
94
1942
94
42
42
42
942
942
42
942
94
42
1942
94
94
942
2
19

1942
194
94
942
94
42
42
2
1942
94
94
4
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194
94
42
42
942
942
42

194
94
9
1942
4
194
42
2
1942
1942
42
42
2
194
42
2
1942
42

justice
justice
ustice
justice
sti
usti
justic
ustice
stice
justice
tic
i
tice
just ce
justic
us
ustice
justice
usti
tice
j

ju
justice
justice
justice
justic
tice
ju
ju
us
ust
t
ustic
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ce
stice
e
ju
ju
ust
ustic
ic
ce
e
ust e
ju

was
a
was
as
wa
wa
as
wa
was
s

was
was
was
was
as
was
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s

was
wa
a
was
s
was
as

was
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as
wa
as
wa
was

was
was
was
was
as
as
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was
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was
was
h
th
th
h
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h

was
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was
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as
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wa
as
wa
wa
as

was
was
was
was
as
was
was
a

wa
wa
wa
as
s
as
wa
as
s
wa
as
s
wje
e
je
e

wa
wa
was
as
was
was
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wa
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s
wa
as
as
wa
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was
w

was
wa
was
as
as
s
was
was
wa
wa

wa
wa
as
s
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was
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was
was
was

was
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wa
as
a
was
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as

wa
wa
a
was
s
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was
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a
was
w

illustrious
ll
lustrious
llustriou
illustrious
strious
llustr
ustr
strio
trio
trious
riou
i
striou
ous
lustrious
s
llust
t i
triou
us
llustriou
lustr
rious
s
u
s

rored
rore
ro
ored
ored
d
ro
or
or
red
ed
rored
rored
or
re
ro
ored

ormed
med
formed
rmed
f
me
ormed
formed
for
orm
or
rm
rme
ed
ed
fo
or
rm
form
me
med
forme

valuable
valuab
lu
valuable
alua
able
bl
uable
valua
va
a
valua
aluab
ua
valuab
able
val
aluable
ua
abl
le
valua
ab e

several
several
everal
several
evera
ev
severa
sever
eral
se
ev
ve
ve
era
al
sev
ve
era
al
se era
al
ve

seve
severa
several
severa
veral
ve
evera
everal
l
severa
eve
evera
everal
a
ral
severa
ver l
severa
e eral
h

several
ral
several
se
se
se
eve
severa
sev
vera
e
ve
er
severa
a
several
veral
eve
ever
era
al
sev
veral
l
a

just
just
ust
just
just
just
t
jus
ust
ust
jus
st
t
jus
st
j
wor
wo

just
ju
ust
just
us
jus
just
st
t
us
st
t
us
st
jus
jus
j

just
just
s
ust
s
ust
t
just
ust
st
ust
j

just
ust
t
j st
ust
jus
s
jus
st
t
us
us
st
t
ust
t
jbeg
be
b

194
9
1941
41
194
941
94
194
41
194
41
1941
1

rabbi
rabb
abbi
bi
abbi
b
abb
bi
ra
abbi
ra
abb
rab
abbi
b
ra
ab
bb

p

rabbi
rabbi
b
rabbi
rabbi
b
rab
rabb
bb
ra
rabbi
ab
ab
b
abb
b
abb
b
rab
abb
b
rabb
ra
l

addressograp
addressograph
ressograph
dressograph
ddressograph
addressog
dressogra
ddr
addressograph
resso
ressograph
addressograph
dressogra
ressograph
s
ssograph
gr
ra
dressogra
ddressograp
p
graph
h
add
d
address
dress
dress
ess
dressog
sog
grap
ressogr
ddressograp
aph
addressogr
d re
e
og aph
h
addressograp
ad
s og
p

70-year
70-year
70-year
70-yea
0 ye
0-yea
0-y
70-year
0 yea
70-year
0-yea
70-ye
year
e
yea
0-yea
0-year
0-year
r
0-ye
0 yea
a
year
a
year
0-y
0-yea
ye
70-yea
yea
a
0-ye r
0-ye
ear
r
70 ye
ear
0
e
y

henry
henry
hen
henr
henry
henry
y
henry
n
en
nr
enry
henry
y
h
y

that
that
h
that
th t
th
that
at
th
th
hat
that
t

that
tha
tha
h t
ha
hat
that
th
that
t
hat
tha
that
that
hat
t

that
that
hat
that
that
that
tha
ha
at
t
that
at
that
t

that
h
that
h
that
hat
that
th
that
h
that
t
th
hat
at
that
ha
at
that
h

that
hat
t
th
ha
at
that
th
ha
at
tha

th
tha
hat
hat
t
that
h
tha
at
that
hat
tha

that
tha
tha
hat
hat
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ha
ha
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that
ha
at
hat
tha
tha
at
t
h

that
hat
hat
tha
ha
at
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tha
a
tha
at
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that
tha
h
th
th
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ha
ha
at
at
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that
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that
at
tha

tha
tha
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that
th
th
hat
th
tha
at
ha
at
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that
that
h
that
that
that
that
tha
ha
at
that
at

that
h
tha
tha
that
that
that
hat
t
tha
at
t
that
t
ha

n.j
n.j
n.j
n.j
.j
j
.
n.
n.j
n.j
omov
mo
ov
v
omo
mov
om
mo
ov
v
omo
omo
ov
v
om
omov
omov
om
m v
om v
om

pr
priest
ie
priest
priest
prie
ie
pries
st
t
prie
es
st
t
pr est
es
st
t
p es

t
priest
priest
priest
priest
priest
priest
ries
ies
riest
pri
ie
iest
pries
ie
es
s
riest
ri
ies
st
p

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a
it
i

a

a

a

a
a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a
w

a

a

machin
machine
machine
machin
hine
machine
ine
machine
machine
hine
mach
hine
ach
ach
chin
hin
hine
achine
machi
a h ne
ma
ac in
machine
achi

offices
ffice
fices
fic
ffic
off
fices
s
of
ff
ffic
ces
s
fices
of
ff
ffic
ces
off

hen
hen
hen
hen
hen
he
hen
he
he
en
he
en
hen
he
en
e

transformed
a
transformed
nsformed
d
transformed
transformed
transformed
transformed
transform
ns
sfo
f
ansforme
formed
sfor
rm
transformed
med
tra
tr
ra
ansfor
an
nsfor
sf
fo
ormed
sforme
me
e
ansformed
d
ran
ansform
nsfor
sfo
s o med
d
tr
r
d

die
i
di
di
die
ie
die
die
die
i
die
e
die

con
con
con
con
n
con
con
n
co
on
con
j

developed
eloped
veloped
ped
eveloped
evelope
developed
oped
d
e
lope
o
evelope
p
oped
e
eveloped
d
eveloped
evelope
ev
velop
velope
ve
deve
elo
evelo
veloped
de
e elo
oped
evelop

point
point
oin
poin
in
in
oint
oint
nt
poin
o
po
poin
oin
nt
oint
t
point
po
oin
nt
po
oin
nt
t
po
p

became
became
cam
am
became
beca
became
ca
ame
me
e
becam
ec
came
a
ecame
me
be
be
ec
came
beca

beca
am
me
becam
ecam
became
became
became
b
a
becam
m
ecam
me
e
became
came
ame
me
became
be
eca
ec
cam
m
c

becam
became
became
became
be
be
bec
ecame
cam
am
ame
be
ecam
ecam
came
be
ecam
becam
me
bec
b
m
ec

became
became
ecam
beca
becam
became
me
me
ecame
ame
became
eca
becam
ecam
me
e
beca
ca
ame
am
am
me
ec
ca
e

became
became
ame
becam
became
became
am
became
eca
beca
ecam
me
ame
becam
cam
am
ecjew
jew
jew
ew
j

col
co
col
col
ol
ol
co
o
col
co
col

cor
co
o
cor
r
cor
or
co
o
cor
r

alan
ala
alan
alan
an
n
ala
alan
an
n
a an
a
alan
n
ala
an

promise
pr
promise
promi
prom
promise
romise
ro
omise
omise
m
om
mi
ise
se
e
promis
prom
r
pr
ro
om
romis
ise
promise
pro
omi
mise
e
p

orange
orange
orange
orange
range
rang
oran
ange
e
orange
ang
ange
e
ora
ang
ge
r
g

new
n w
new
new
ew
w
new
ew
ew
w
ne
ne
new
w
new

views
view
views
view
view
views
iew
vie
ew
w
ew
ew
ws
s
views
vie
ews
s
views
s

pearl
l
pe
e
pearl
ear
r
pe
earl
r
pe
ea
ar
r
pearl
ar

holidays
holidays
holidays
olid
holid
olidays
o i
holiday
holiday
holida
olidays
olida
o
holiday
days
day
holiday
y
olidays
holid
o iday
day
ays
ay
holi
olidays
day
ay
h
ay
and
and
a d anti
an
a

board
board
board
boar
boa
board
boar
bo
oard
oa
ard
d
bo
oard
o
d

palestine
palestin
palestin
palestine
p lestine
lesti
palest
palesti
pa
palestin
palestin
lestin
ale
alestine
st n
alestine
e
palestine
le
estine
es
palestine
tine
ne
e
pa es
s
esti
pale
alestine

l

america
ameri
e
amer
temple
emple
templ
mple
temp
templ
tem
emple
mple
emple
mp
mple
e
emp
em
mp
emp
mp e
emp
emp
p
emple
temp
e
e
p

decade
decad
decad
decad
d
decad
decade
d
e
a
decad
de
cade
d ca
ade
deca
ca
ade

decade
ecade
deca
decad
d
cade
decade
dec
deca
a
decad
decad
de
ecade
dec
ec
ca
ad
de
dec
cad
de
decad

publish
published
blis
publi
blished
blished
published
d
ub
ublis
lishe
sh d
pub
pu
ublish
he
ed
d
pu
ublish
hed
ed
p

publ
ublished
published
published
blished
h
publish
ished
blish
bli
blis
blished
lish
publish
ublishe
b is
published
hed
published
ed
d
pu
ub sh
he
pu
ubl
lishe
ublished
d
pub
p

d

published
publishe
blished
ublished
publishe
pu
publish
published
b
publish
published
d
ublish
ublished
bl s
blish
sh
ublished
publish
ub s
ublished
hed
pub sh
hed
ublish
the
the
e
h

from
fro
rom
from
fr
from
fro
rom
o
from
om
from
from

from
fro
from
from
from
fro
fr
fr
ro
o
from
fro
rom
om
om

from
fro
from
from
from
m
fr
ro
ro
om
from
m
o
fr
rom
ro
fr

from
from
from
fro
fro
fr
rom
rom
m
from
ro
from
m
from
ro
om
m
ro

from
from
o
from
om
fr
ro
om
ro
om
fr
rom
ro
om
o

from
fro
from
fr
rom
m
fr
fr
ro
om
om
om
m
om
ro
om
m
from
ro
om
fro

from
from
from
from
m
from
fr
fro
om
from
ro
om
fr
rom
om
f

from
from
from
from
fro
fr
from
rom
om
fro
om
om
m
fro
om
om
rom

leonard
eonard
leonard
leo
leonard
onard
d
leo
leonar
nar
r
onard
d
leonard
eon
nard
ard
nard
leona
eonard
on
on
ona
ard
ard
leo
r
e

mos
most
t
mo
mo
ost
t
mo
mo
mos
st
t
mo
most
t

most
most
mos
o
most
most
most
mos
mos
st
most
o

mos
most
most
t
most
most
mos
ost
os
st
mos
mo

o t
most
mo
most
t
most
most
t
ost
o

civilized
civilized
civilized
ili ed
civilized
ilize
civilized
d
civilized
i ili e
civiliz
ilized
lized
i
viliz
vilized
ized
d
civilized
civilized
iz
zed
lized
zed
civilize
civilize
vi
vilize
liz
ze
ed
civilized
civi
ci
iviliz
z

ends
ends
ends
nds
d
end
ds
ends
ends
ends
d
ends
nds
n
ends
ends
nds
end
nds
s
nds
ends

vapors
pors
pors
vapors
s
apors
rs
vapor
va
ap
pors
por
p
apo
ors
pors
vapors
vap
vapors
va
apo
or
vapo
ors
vapor
p

silence
ilenc
en
sile
ence
il
lenc
e
ilence
nc
ce
silen
ence
e
sil
i ence
en
nc

feature
featu
feature
feature
feature
featu
featur
feature
eatu
t
e
ature
eature
fe
eatu
eatu
ea
eature
at
tur
ure
re
e
featur
fe
eat
eat
at
tu e
ture
feat
fea
a ure
fea
e tu

tional
tion
ona
tional
nal
tion
nal
l
t ona
nal
a

sowing
wing
i
sowing
i
wing
wing
wing
g
sow
owin
w
owi
ing
g
sowing
sow
ow
wing
ng
sowing
g
so
g
nently
entl
nentl
nen
en
entl
ent
t
ntly
ntly
y
ne
e
nent y
ently
ntly
ne
entl
nt
t y
ne
ent y

jewish
ewish
jewi
jewish
w
ew
ewish
wish
je
ewis
wi
jewis
ewi
wis
sh
s
ewish
w sh
jewis
ew sh
jewish
s

jewish
jewish
ewish
ewis
ewish
wish
wish
jewish
ewis
wis
w
ewish
wish
ew
wi
is
s
ewish
h
jewi
ish
s
ewish
jew h

a

jewish
jewish
ewis
ewish
wis
ewish
h
ewi
wish
wish
ewish
ewish
h
ew
ew sh
ish
h
wish
je
ew sh
jew
ewis

d

jewis
jewish
ewish
e
h
sh
ewis
sh
h
ewish
jewish
ewish
ewish
ew
w
ewis
wis
ish
h
ewish
h
jew
w
ew
wis
sh
jew
ew
w sh

je
jewis
w
jewish
ewis
jewish
wish
jewish
jew
wis
ish
ewish
jewi
ewish
wish
ew
w
ewish
jewish
sh
je
ewish
ish
the
he
e
th
t
j

sh
jewish
ewish
ewish
ewish
ewis
ewish
sh
sh
e
jewis
wish
wish
wis
sh
h
ew
wish
sh
h
jew
wish
wish
ew
ew
wis
saints
saints
aints
ts
s
nt
t
s

jewish
jewish
ewis
ewis
wish
is
wish
h
ew
ewish
wish
ish
sh
h
je
ew
wi
ish
sh
j

ish
jewish
jewish
w s
ew
jew
ewi
wish
w h
wish
s
ewish
ewish
wish
h
ew
wish
je
ew
wish
sh
jewish
d
send
send
send
end
send
en
send
n
send

d

ch
ch
c

jewish
jewish
ewish
jewish
ewish
ew
ew
jewish
w
ewi
jewis
s
wis
jewish
wish
h
jewi
ewis
ewish
jewis
ew
w sh
je

ewish
jewish
ewis
jewish
wish
h
wish
e
jewi
w sh
h
wish
h
je
ew
w
ewish
wish
is
ewis
sh
h
ew
wish
ew
wis
sh
h

jewish
ewish
ewish
wish
w h
jewish
ewis
ewish
jewi
is
jewish
ew
wish
jew
ew
wish
ish
jew
wish
jewish
s
ewis
is
sl
slo
lo
s

jewish
ewish
jewis
ew
ewis
jewish
jewish
wish
h
e is
wis
sh
h
ew
wis
s
wish
h
je
je
e
jewis
jew
wish
h
ew s
and
and
nd
d
ns
ns

jewish
jew
jewish
sh
h
jewis
ewish
h
ewis
ewi
jew
wis
ish
ewish
jewish
ew
jew
wish
w s
wish
h
jewish
jew h
w

jewish
e
h
wish
s
wish
h
ewis
jewish
jewish
wish
ewish
jewis
wi
ewis
sh
ew
wis
wish
wish
je
ewish
n

hillel
lle
l
l
l
h lel
hillel
hil
l
hille
i
hillel
ille
hi
hille
hil el
hil el
hi
l

the
th
he
the
th
he
th
th
th
c
of
of
of
o

he
he
he
he
he
he
he
he
he
he

he
he
e
he
e
he
he
e
he
e

he
he
he
he
he

he
he
he
he
he
he
he

he
he
e
he
e
h

he
he
he
he
he
he

he
he
e
he
he
he

he
he
he
he
he
e
he
he
e

he
he
he
e
he
e

he
he
e
he
e
he
e
g

he
he
he
he
e
he

he
he
e
he
e
he
e
bl
bl
b

he
he
he
he
he
he
e
he
he
he

he
he
he
he
he

he
he
he
he
he
he
h

exposing
xposing
posing
posing
exposing
in
osing
osing
exposing
exposing
expos
xp
xp
posing
osing
os
osing
posing
posing
ex
xposin
x osing
ex
xp
pos
s ng
g
p
g
d

m
member
member
member
embe
embe
ember
mem
membe
m
memb
b
membe
mem
em
mbe
er
mem
mber

member
mber
emb
member
membe
membe
e
mem
memb
mb
member
ber
r
membe
me
embe
ber
mem er
me
mem
m

bor
bor
bor
bor
bor
bo
bor
bo
b r

40
0s
0s
40s
0s
40s
40s
0s
0
40s
0s
s
40
0s

week
k
wee
ee
week
e
we
ee
eek
ek
wee
week
ee
ek
we
eek
w e
j

army
army
army
army
r
army
m
army
y
rmy
army
my
army
y
army
my
army
r
y

articles
rticle
l
rticle
arti
articles
ti
ti
articles
l
articles
articles
art c
articl
les
s
articles
art
ticles
ticle
cle

articles
rt
rticle
articles
ticles
cles
icl
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ticle
icles
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family
m
family
mily
family
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family
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am
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amil
m ly
fam y

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m
family
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the
the
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e
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th

in
in
in
in
in
n
in
in
n
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in
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n
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in
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n
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in
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in
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in
in
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an
a

in
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in

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in
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in
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in
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in
in
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in
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cts
ts
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in
in
in
in
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in
in
in
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n
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in
n
in
n

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in
in
n
in
in
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in
in
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in
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he
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da
aily
daily
daily
daily
daily
ail
daily
da
aily
y
daily
ly
y
daily
ai
ily
ly
daily
y
da
ai
i y

ff
f mem
mem
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reported
reporte
report
eported
d
reported
reporte
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ity
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detroit
detro
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roit
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w
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jta
a
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ta
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t
he
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he
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he
he

jt
jta
ta
jt
ta
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jt

pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
pu
p

jta
jta
jta
ta
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jta
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ta
ta
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ta
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j

ations
tions
ns
ion
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at
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fo
forced
orce
ced
ed
fo
forced
orc
rced
rce
ed
fo
orce
ed
e
rced
forc
force
ed

29
29
29
29
29
29
29
29

august
ugus
ugust
gust
st
a
t
augus
august
gus
st
au
ugus
st
august
g

p

idea
idea
idea
d
idea
de
ea
ea
idea
dea
ea
a
dea
dea

37
37
37
37
37
37
37
7
37
7
3

took
took
k
too
oo
took
k
to
ook
took
took
k
ook
k

ticles
ticles
icles
ticl
ticl
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c es
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theodor
theodor
heodor
heodo
or
theod
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heo
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or
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eodo
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do
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or
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eodo
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he

mr
mr
mr
mr
mr

mr
mr
r
mr
mr
r
mr
mr
mr

mr
mr
mr
mr
mr
mr

mr
mr
mr
mr
mr
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bli h
bl
bli
bli
bl

mr
mr
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mr
mr
mr
mr
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mr
mr
mr
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mr
mr
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mr
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mr
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mr
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mr
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mr
mr
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mr
mr
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mr
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mr
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mr
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mr
mr
mr
mr
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mr
mr
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mr
mr
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mr
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no
not
t
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ot
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ot
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o
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anti
anti
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after
after
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fter
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after
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organizer
ganizer
organizer
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s a

war
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ar
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war
war
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wa
war
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war

war
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war
war
war
ar
wa
war
war
wi h
i h
h
i h
i h

c
ucce
cces
success
ce
ccess
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es
success
s
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ess
su
succe
e s
success
ucce

move
mov
mo
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move
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mov
v
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m

automobile
utom
automobile
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automobile
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utomobile
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automobile
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automobi
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obil
auto
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omo
m
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drew
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blish
publish
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ub
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ublish
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sh
publish
h
j

re
re
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ree
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reer
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throughout
h
throughout
through
hroughout
h
r
throughout
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throughout
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h
ughout
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hro
oug
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ug
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gh
gh
ho
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out
through
h ou
oug
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throughout
t
throu h u
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f

throughout
ough
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h
throug
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u
hrough
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r
thr
rough
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th oughou
ut
h
g

throughout
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t
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ro
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ho
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even
eve
eve
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even
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ot
ote
t
wrote
wrote
wrote
wr
rot
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wro
r
wrote
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philip
philip
phili
philip
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phi
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philip
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ph
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philip
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name
nam d
med
amed
med
na
named
nam
am
nam
name
ed
d
named
na
am
me
ed
named
i h
h
i h
h

were
wer
were
were
we
were
we
we
er
were
we
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were
were
w

were
were
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were
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were
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were
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we
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were
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w

non
non
on
non
non
non
no
on
on
o
no
non
on
no
non
n

li
nalism
nalism
nalism
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li
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sm
sm
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m
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is
sm
m
nali
alis
ism

moves
moves
move
mov
mo
oves
ov
mov
ve
move
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s
mo
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v
move
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s
moves
s

bruary
february
february
ebr
eb
february
februa
febru
ebrua
fe
februar
ebruary
b
ary
y
fe
eb
bruary
rua
ebruary
e
y

y with
ith
h

garvett
garvett
garvett
garvett
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ett
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ga
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garve
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a
t

garvett
garve
a
garv
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ga
ga
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arvett
gar
arvet
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ga
a v
rvett
t
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bel
beloved
beloved
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belo
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be
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be

butzel
butze
zel
l
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butze
utz
tze
tz
utze
e
butzel
butz
butze
e
butze
ut
tz
ze
butze
tzel
ze

material
materia
materia
materia
material
material
teria
ate
materia
materia
mat
ma
mate
at
teria
eria
materia
ria
a
material
er
ateria
ia
a
mat
te
l

20
20
20
20
20
0
20
20
20
20
0
20

even-d
seven-d
ven-dec
d
seven-decade
ven-decade
seven-decad
decade
seven-de
even-
ven-deca
ven-decad
d
seven de
even-de
ecade
cad
ad
a
ven-decad
de
cade
e
seven-dec
eve
en-decade
decade
ecad
ade
e
se en-de
de
e
eve

27676
2767
767
76
27
767
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2767
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27676
27
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27676
276
67
76
76
76
67
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fi ld
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without
without
without
it
without
ithout
hou
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t
with
withou
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withou
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t
with
with
witho
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as
as
s
as
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as
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as
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others
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ther
th
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the
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s
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others
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ers
t

ha
had
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h d
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had
had
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had
f
h

had
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had
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20th
20
0t
20th
th
20th
20
20
0th
20th
h
20
0t
th
h
20
0th
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told
told
tol
told
d
told
told
told
old
d
old
told
old
told
d
ll
ll
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ll

sulphur
sulphur
su
sulp
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sulphu
sulph
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sulph
sulp
u
sulphu
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u
hur
sulphur
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sulphur
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czaris
czarist
czarist
czar
czar
czarist
czaris
st
zarist
czaris
zarist
ar
ar
ris
s
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port
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por
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garve
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semitic
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labo
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owner
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which
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business
usiness
s
busi
sin
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busines
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business
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business
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business
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busines
s nes
busine
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bu
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news
ne
j

business
usiness
usiness
busin
bu
usiness
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ss
sines
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bu
us
usi
in
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busi

wil
will
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l
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ll
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wi
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wil
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will
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will
ill
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i
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l
wi
il
wi
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i
w

iga
igan
ig
iga
ga
iga
gan
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gan
n
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gan
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gan
an
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ig
gan
g

april
april
april
l
ap
apri
il
apr
pr
pril
april
ap
pr
pril
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apr
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launche
launche
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launched
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additional
addi
ddit
additional
additio
addition
addition
dditio
dditional
add
d ti
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na
a
additional
dd
diti
di ona
al
l
dd
dit
ti

months
months
mont
month
months
months
mon
nths
mont
th
h
onths
mont
onth
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m
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commitment
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copy
co
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p
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salary
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alary
la
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salary
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sa
a a y
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p
he

dear
de
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beth
beth
h
beth
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h
beth
beth
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beth

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t
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compili
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has
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respondence
respondenc
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pondence
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netherlands
netherlands
d
netherlands
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netherla
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d
netherland
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netherlands
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5
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tim
tim
times
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mes
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mes
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catalog
catalog
catalog
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catalog
catalog
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talo
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catalog
alo
catalog
catalog
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catalog
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catalog
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object
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bject
bje
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obj
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ect
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t
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administration
administration
dministra
administra
dminist
administration
administrat
inistratio
trati
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dmin
ministratio
admi
administration
ni
dminis
st
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tion
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written
writte
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by
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by
by
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by
by
by
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by
by
by

by
by
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by
by
by
by
by
by
by
by

by
by
by
by
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by
by
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doo
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doors
door
doors
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doors
s
doo
oors
doo
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do

p
deca
dec
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tinu
i
tinue
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in
tinu
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t nu
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protests
tests
protest
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prot
prot
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u-m
u-m
u-m
u-m
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u-m
m
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u-m
m
u-
u-
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labels
abels
labels
abels
bels
l
lab
abe
labels
bels
els
ls
els
lab
bels
bels
ab
bels
ab l

same
sam
me
me
sa
sa
ame
same
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cker
backers
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ke
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ac
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rojects
projects
project
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projects
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projects
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projects
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project
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projects
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defender
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mic
mich
mic
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mich
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mi
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ch
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remains
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main
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ma
ains
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ma
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lose
os
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7

7

7
o

anna
ann
nn
nn
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ann
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postmaster
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sociates
ociate
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soc
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sociate
te
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sociates
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oc
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ou
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us
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vatican
vatican
vatica
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vatican
atican
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tica
a
vati
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an
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royal
roy
royal
ya
royal
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ya
roy
ya
a
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roy
oy
ya
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roya
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com
o
comm
m
comm
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history
history
history
tory
history
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hi
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sto
tor
ry
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h

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history
histor
history
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field
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mauthausen
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presi
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national
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nat
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wh
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hi
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alo
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elizabeth
elizabeth
lizabeth
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ab
b t
beth
zabeth
elizabeth
elizabe
lizabeth
be
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th
elizabeth
elizabeth
liz
iz
za
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be
be
beth
abeth
e za
a eth
el za
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sta
star
sta
stars
star
st
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s
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t
sta
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sta
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sta
stars
s

numer
m
num
me
e
numer
er
umer
r
numer
u
nu
um
mer
r
um
um
me
mer
r
n

rig
right
h
ight
gh
right
ght
rig
righ
ri
ight
gh
ght
ight
ri
ight
righ
h
r gh
ht
g

states
tates
tat
ate
state
st
tate
tates
ates
st
states
ta
states
st
state
es
s
tates

itsky
k
hitsky
hitsky
itsk
hitsky
it
hit k
hits
hi
hit
tsky
sk
ky
ky
y
hitsky
hits
h tsky
hitsky
hi sky
k
hitsky
h tsky
sk
ky
y
hi s

us
us
us
us
us
s
us
us
us
f id
d
f id
d

el
l
el
el
el
el
el
l
el
e
eo
eo
o

publication
blication
publicati
publication
publicati
ublicati
bl
blication
i
blication
icati
ublicat
ica
publication
at
publicatio
o
ublicatio
on
blication
n
publicat
publicatio
ubli
blic
ca
publicatio
blication
publication
pu
ubl
publica
blica ion
n
pub
u
ic
p

time
time
tim
time
i
tim
me
time
tim
tim
ime
time
time
ime
e
time
ti
e

time
tim
im
tim
time
me
time
tim
me
time

ti
im
time
me
im
me
e
time
im
time
m
time
me
e
me
e
time
im y

time
time
me
time
time
time
me
t me
me
tim
time
e
tim

far
fa
ar
far
ar
r
fa
ar
r

p
ap
p
ap
ap
ap
ap
old
old
old

10
10
10
10
10
10

affai
affair
affair
ff
aff
fair
i
ffair
affair
affai
ffair
r
affai
f
affa
fa r
a fair
affai
ffa r
a a
issue
iss
su
u
ssue
su
u

would
would
l
ould
d
wo
wo
would
ou
ou
ou
uld
would
d
wou
wo
ou
u
would
d
w u d

would
would
would
uld
d
would
wo
would
d
wo
ou
oul
ld
d
would
wo
ou d

would
would
ld
ould
would
ould
uld
d
would
would
uld
would
uld
d
o

would
wo
would
wou
ould
ld
would
ould
ld
d
ould
wo
ou
wou
would
d
wou d
j

vain
i
ain
vain
va
va
ain
va
a
jew
jew
jew
je
jew
e
jew
jew
jew
je
jew
e

hidde
hidden
dd
hidd
den
hidden
hidde
dden
dd
d
dd
de
en
hidden
n
hidd
de
en
hidd
de
en
hidde
h
e
b

itiator
itiator
ti
itiator
iat
iti to
tiato
tiator
i iato
to
to
itiat
itiator
at
iator
itiato
t at
at
tor
iti
tia or
j
i h
i h
j
i
i

call
call
ll
call
all
ca
all
ca
ca
all
l

oak
oak
a
oak
oak
oa
oak
oak

oak
oak
oa
oa
oak
oak
ak
oa
ak
o k

1896
1896
896
189
96
6
18
89
896
9
89
896
896
89
896
896
6
896
8
189

life
if
if
ife
life
if
f
life
life
fe
life
if
fe
e
fe
e
l

life
fe
life
life
ife
if
f
ife
ife
ife
e
ife
fe
e
fe
e
if

vol
vol
l
vol
o
vo
vo
o
vo
ol
l

efforts
fforts
ff
f
effo t
effort
t
forts
effort
effo
effort
ff
fo
or
effort
rts
efforts
eff
fo
orts
eff
fo
o ts

eld
held
held
held
ld
held
l
eld
ld
he d
held
ld
held
held
eld

gained
gained
ed
i
d
gain
gaine
ained
ain
gaine
ne
gaine
ed
d
ga
ai
ain
ne
gaine
ed
d
gained
ined
ga
ain

every
ev
eve
ve
er
ry
y
ever
ry
y
ev
every
er
ry
y
enforced
f
nforced
enforced
enforc
orced
d
f
d
enfor
enforc
nf
fo
orc
ced
ed
enforce
enfor
nforce
nf
fo
forc
ced
d
enf
forced
rc
ced
d
l

york
york
yo
or
yo
yor
or
yo
yo
o
yo
ork
yo
york
r
york
k
y
elegr
le
eg
elegrap
gra
ap
g
eleg
eg
egr
grap
elegra
a
grap

followed
followe
followed
followed
llowed
owe
lowed
wed
owed
f llowe
followe
ollowe
we
ollow
w
ollowed
d
ollow
w
llowe
e
ol owe
ed
o lowed
l
i
j

friends
f i n
f i nds
riends
frien
end
riend
nds
end
friends
friends
nd
nd
ds
riends
fr
r ends
n s
r end

mir
ir
r
i
mi
ir
mi
mir
r
mi
m r
m
s his
his
i

resulted
resul ed
ed
sult
result
resulte
esulte
e
ted
d
resu
re
esulted
esu
resu te
ed
re
esu
esult
te
ed
s
esulted

committee
mittee
committee
ommitte
committe
ommittee
ommitte
committee
commi
mit
tt
ommitte
ee
committ
ommittee
it
tt
ommitt
mitte
ee
committ
mmitt
mittee
comm
mm
mmittee
it ee

committee
committee
ommittee
mmit
mittee
mmit
mitte
ommittee
comm
committe
omm
com
mmitt
mi
mittee
t
committ
tee
ee
e
committee
omm
mm
mittee
commit
mitt
ommittee

occ
oc
cc
occ
cc
c
occur
cur
oc
ccu
cu
cur
r
occur
oc
c ur
o
batt
battles
attle
att
b tt
battles
l
battle
battles
b t
tt
tles
ttle
battles
attles
battle
e
ttles
ba t es
es
b l

pogroms
o
pogroms
ogroms
oms
pogrom
roms
s
pogr
po
ogroms
ogro
groms
gr
rom
ro
o
pogroms
po
og
og
gr
ro
om
po
ogrom
o
pogroms
pogro
og
p

mines
s
mines
mine
mine
mi
mines
es
s
min
ines
mi
ines
s
m

mines
i
min
mi
mines
es
mine
min
min
mines
n
min
mine
es
s
min
mi
min
nes
mines
min
ine
mine
es
s
mines
s
es

protection
protection
protection
rotection
ecti
rotectio
rotectio
rotection
prot
tect
t
tecti
ection
r
protection
ro
o
protection
ct
rotecti
otection
tectio
on
protecti
ion
p otectio

recalls
recalls
recalls
alls
alls
re
l
recall
l
ecal
all
a ls
recall
rec
recalls
eca ls
re
ec
ca ls
reca
ca

ontinu
continue
ntin
onti
continue
tinu
ntinu
i
continue
ontin
ontinu
nu
continue
ontinue
ontinue
continue
continue
continu
ntinue
o
cont
n
con
ntinue
continue
tin
tinu
cont
ntinu
in
inue
continue
ontinue
n nu
u
con inue
u
nue
ontinu
ontinue
nti
i
continue
con
ntinu
continu
on

christian
christian
christian
ristian
s
hristia
ch
ch
christi
t
christia
a
hristian
christian
hristian
christian
ristia
ris
r st
t a
christian
chr st
t an
chris
r stian
an
ch

the
he
th
of
f
of

christian
christi
ristian
christian
stian
hristi
christian
christia
hrist
i t
hristian
christia
chris
hr
r
hristi
ti
stia
an
n
r t an
n
ch
ch is

single
ngle
single
ingle
single
sing
ng
gl
ingle
gle
e
single
l
gle
sin
s ng

crusading
crusadin
rusading
di
sading
usad
crusadin
ng
ading
crusading
cr
rus
usading
crusadin
usading
ading
adi
ing
ng
usading
crusading
rusa
sa
adi g
crusading
rusadi
adin
c

uni
uni
i
un
ni
un
ni
uni
ni
uni
n
uni

mailing
ma
mailing
ng
mailin
ma
ailing
ling
g
ma
ai ing
g
maili
i
g

mailing
mailing
mailing
mailin
mailing
li
ilin
mailing
ing
ailing
mailing
mailing
ma
ailing
ailin
ng
ailing
g
mail
ai in
ng
g
mailin
mail
ai ng
g

machine
chine
ne
machine
ch
hi
h

t
out
ou
ut
t
out
out
u
out
out

truth
u
truth
h
t
th
th
th
uth
h
tr
rut
uth
th
truth
h
tr
r th
h
r

country
countr
ount
nt
country
untry
y
co
ountry
ountry
untry
nt
ountry
t
untry
coun
country
co
oun
ount
nt
t
untry
co
ount
try
ry
ry

particip
particip
particip
particip
artic p
articip
ticip
t
particip
particip
ticip
cip
rticip
articip
cip
particip
particip
a
partici
rt
rt
t
artic
c
artici
ticip
p
particip
parti
a
par
par ci
rticip
part
r
articip
cip
particip
p
articip
r ic p
particip
tic
ic
partic p
parti pant
nt
nt
nt
ant
nt
t
ant
an
ant
an
ant
n
ant
n
ant
t
ant
an
an
ant
ant
ant
ant
ant
ant

back
back
back
back
ack
k
back
back
k
back
ba
b
k
b
k
ba
ack
ack
ac
ack
ck
k
back
bac
bac
ac
c
back
c
back
ck
k
back
ba
bac
ba
bac
back
ba
ac
ck
back
k
bac
ack
back
k
back
k
ba
ba
ba
back
a k
back
k
ba
back
a
ba
ba
back
a
ba
ba
ack
ba
a
b ck
bac
ack
bac
back
back
bac
ck
bac

back
back
back
back
k
ack
bac
bac
ck
ck
ba
a
bac
c
back
k
ba
ack
k
ba

back
back
bac
ack
ck
ack
back
k
back
a
bac
c
ack
k
b ck
back

14
14
4
14
14

am
ame
m
came
came
cam
cam
ca
ame
ame
me
cam
c m
ca
ame

l
de
leaders
ead rs
leade
leaders
d
ad
de
der
ers
s
lead
leader
de
ers
s
rs
leade
eade
eader
eader
rs
s
eade

volved
involved
nvolved
involved
ved
involved
inv
involved
nvolved
invol
nvolve
volved
lve
nvolved
ed
nvolved
nvolv
olve
ed
e
nvolved
in

weekly
weekly
weekly
y
kl
ekly
weekly
eekl
eekly
weekly
weekly
weekly
weekly
eekly
wee
ekl
kly
w ekly
eek y

weekly
weekly
week
k
eek
week
kl
e
week
k
weekly
ekly
weekly
y
week
weekly
weekly
ee
week
wee
ekly
ek
eek
k
eekly
weekly
y
week
weekly
eekly
k
weekly
y
we
eekly
w ekly
his
s

weekly
weekly
weekl
weekly
k
ekl
l
eekly
eek
weekly
eek
eek
ekl
eekly
weekly
ekly
weekly
we
eekly
we
ee
eekly
y
weekly
ee y

activities
ctivitie
activit
tivit
tivities
i
ctivitie
ties
ac
activitie
ities
activit
activitie
es
ies
activ
activi
ac
ctivitie
c
activ ti
ie
es
s
activiti
ctivitie
ties
e

graduation
graduation
graduation
raduation
rad
graduation
io
graduation
radua
graduat
aduat
graduation
aduation
graduatio
rad
graduation
du
u
radua
duat
uation
on
graduatio
rad
adu
graduat
atio
graduat o
g

the
e

graduation
graduatio
graduatio
adua
raduation
adua
d
aduati
gradua
uation
at
t
graduation
o
uation
graduation
n
t
graduatio
radua
d
ad
duat
duation
t o
graduatio
r duat
raduatio
on
g ad
graduation
g

michigan
chigan
gan
mich
michig
i h
michi
chigan
m ch ga
higa
an
chigan
michig
chigan
ch
h
michigan
m chiga
a
gan

michigan
michiga
michigan
michigan
michigan
michigan
ch
mich
chi
michigan
michiga
ichigan
ic
c
ich
ichi
ig
ga
ga
higa
michiga
ic
chig
ga
an
m
ig
g
ss
s
p
g
p
g
p
g
p

michiga
michigan
michigan
i
michig
i
higan
michig
michiga
chig
higa
an
mi
michiga
chiga
an
michi
ig
ga
g

michigan
michigan
michiga
chigan
i
michig
michigan
mich
michigan
higan
a
michig
mic
michigan
h
mi
michig
michigan
ichiga
chig
michiga
h ga
m ch gan
an
mich
michig
chigan
higa
a
michigan
n
g
en
en
n
ent
ent
t
the
he
he
the
t
u

to
tone
ne
e
tone
tone
one
tone
tone
e
tone

continued
ontinue
ontinu d
t
continued
continued
tin
n
tinued
d
continu
on
ntinued
ntinue
ti
ed
ed
d
co
on
nt
tinued

opinion
pinio
opinion
pini
i
pi
pi i
opini
opinion
opin
opin
pinion
n
opinio
ni
opinio
io
o
opinion
nion
nion
n
opinio
inion
nio
io
opinion
pinion
op
op ni
n on
nion
opinio
pin on
opi
pi
p
kl
kl
kl
k

away
awa
way
wa
ay
way
away
away
awa
wa
ay
y
aw
awa
ay
y
awa
ay

dutch
dutch
d tch
dutch
dutch
utch
dutch
dutch
h
dutc
dutch
t
utc
tch
utch
h
dutc
tch
tc
ch
h
dut
ut

dutch
dutch
h
dutc
dutch
dutc
ut
utc
dutch
h
dut
tc
tch
ch
h
utch
ch
ut
utch
utc
tc
ch
h
dutc
ch
du
du ch

strid
trid
strid
den
d
trident
stride
rident
strident
st
striden
rident
stride
id
de
dent
rident
strid
de
ent
s r
strident
ident
hi l
hi l

him
im
m
him
m
him
hi
h m
him
hi

th
this
h
thi
is
this
this
this
s
this
his
is
s
this
his
th

this
hi
thi
th
th
this
this
i
this
is
s
this
this
t

th
his
his
i
this
s
this
h
this
th
his
this
this

this
this
hi
this
this
th
h
thi
this
th
his
his
his
s
this
th
his
h

news-gathering
news-gathering
ews-gathering
therin
h
i
th
news-gatherin
news-gathering
ews-gathering
s-gathering
new
ews-ga
ws-gatherin
news-gathering
s
ws-
-ga
g
news-gath
news-gathe
athering
at
-gathe
s-gather
r
atheri
rin
ng
g
ne
ews-gath
e
new
ws-gathering
ws-gathering
s-
-gathering
gather
hering
he
ews-gatherin
r
ws-gathering
g
news-gatherin
ws-gathe
-g
ga
news-gath
ng
g

dur
du
dur
dur
du
dur
ur
r
dur
dur
du
du
du

come
come
me
e
me
e
come
co
o
come
om
me
e
co
com
me
e
co
e

chapter
chap
chapter
hapte
te
cha
chapte
ha
apte
pt
pte
ter
r
chapter
cha
apt
chapte
chapter
chap
ha
apte
chap
d

chapter
chapter
chapter
chap
cha
hapter
pt
apt
te
er
er
cha
ch
hapt
te
te
er
chapter
apt
te
cha
ch
hapt
te
e
p

bee
been
en
bee
een
ee
en
e
been
be
ee
ee
e
be
be
een
en
i

been
bee
ee
ee
been
e
bee
en
een
bee
be
be
ee
e
een
n
ee
en
b

pag
pag
age
ag
ge
ge
ge
e
ge
page
pa
ag
ge
page
age
g

75
5
75
75
5
75
75
5
75
75

nvin
convince
convinc
onvince
nvinc
onvinc
convinc
vince
ce
ce
onvince
nv
vi
onvin
onvinc
nc
onvince
c nv
vince
nce
onv
vin
nc

carmi
carmi
armi
a
carm
carm
carmi
carm
arm
rm
arm
mi
carm
rmi
arm
c
m

lassified
lassified
a
ed
lass
d

ca m
carmi
armi
carmi
i
carm
car
arm
armi
mi
carm
r
arm
arm
m
carmi
i
carmi
ca

think
think
hin
think
hink
k
thi
thin
nk
think
thin
ink
k
hink
nk
thin
hink

cloud
o
lou
oud
ou
ud
clou
cloud
cloud
ou
oud
cloud
ou
ud
c ou
cloud

effort
ff
effort
ffort
f
ffo
f
effor
effort
effo
ffort
ff
fo
ffort
for
effort
eff
fort
ort
fo
o t
s

dilling
dilling
dilling
illing
ng
g
i g
illin
dillin
dillin
llin
l
lli g
di lin
ing
i ng
dill ng
d lling
us
s
us
us
s anti
an
an
nt
ant
t
anti
i
n
a

taking
aking
taking
aking
king
kin
ta
ak
akin
king
kin
taking
aking
ng
ng
g
king
aking
ki
k ng
ng
ta ng
ta
aking
g
ustriou
str
trio
t o
str

ugly
ugly
ugly
ugly
l
ugly
ugly
ugly
ug
ug
gl
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Mike Smith
Alene and 
Graham Landau 
Archivist Chair

After the Holocaust

New exhibit from DJN Foundation explores how 
Detroit Jews aided survivors. 

“
Aftermath: Detroit Jews In the Wake of the Holocaust” will be on view Oct. 24-Jan. 5 
at the Holocaust Memorial Center in Farmington Hills.*

“One of the main exhibit themes is that Jewish Detroiters did their part to help 
displaced Jews.
” — Mike Smith

*No additional cost beyond general admission. (248) 553-2400. holocaustcenter.org.

NEW 
EXHIBIT
OCT. 24 - JAN. 5