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November 07, 2019 - Image 34

Resource type:
Text
Publication:
The Detroit Jewish News, 2019-11-07

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34 | NOVEMBER 7 • 2019

A

special event for retired
Congressman Sander Levin
was held Oct. 14 at the Gerald
R. Ford School of Public Policy at the
University of Michigan. The event
included a reception and “Fireside
Chat” with Levin to celebrate his
personal papers being donated to the
Bentley Historical Library at U-M.
The Sander Levin Collection
comprises nearly 700 linear feet of
documents, that is, 685 standard
banker boxes full of paper. As a sign
of modern times, the Levin Collection
also includes 23 gigabytes of digital
information. The paper and digital
records document Levin’
s career
beginning with his time as a Michigan
state senator, through his 36 years as
a U.S. Congressman from Michigan’
s
17th Congressional District.
The quality of these records is
outstanding. They include a wide
range of correspondence, reports
and other types of records related to
Levin’
s important work on foreign
trade and health care, his time as a
ranking member of the House Ways
and Means Committee, which he
chaired from 2010-11, and his work
on many other issues.
“I am deeply grateful that, along
with Carl’
s archive, my congressional
records, my state political records —
in essence, my life’
s work — is now
in the capable hands of the Bentley
Historical Library at U-M.
It is fitting

that our archives now reside in
Michigan, where we built our careers,”
Levin said.
The event was organized by the
Bentley in partnership with the Ford
School of Public Policy. Although Levin
is allegedly “retired,” he is currently
teaching a class at the Ford School
where he is a professor of practice.
The library is a nationally
recognized, world-class research
institution. It holds the Michigan
Historical Collections, which are
the finest archive in existence about
the history of the state of Michigan,
and the Archives of the University of
Michigan. All told, the Bentley holds
about 75,000 boxes of records, more
than a million photographs, and tens
of thousands of books and drawings.
It also holds a huge digital archive,
including the Detroit Jewish News
Foundation’
s William Davidson Digital
Archive of Jewish Detroit History.
The Bentley is also home to many
other archival collections related to
Detroit’
s Jewish community such
as the papers of Albert Kahn, Bill
Berman and A. Alfred Taubman. The
papers of Levin’
s brother, Carl, are also
at the Bentley and open for research.
Regarding Sander Levin’
s papers,
Terry McDonald, Arthur F. Thurnau
Professor and director of the Bentley
Library, said, “Because of the length of
his public service and the breadth of
important issues on which he worked,

COURTESY BENTLEY HISTORICAL LIBRARY

History Preserved

U-M Bentley library celebrates the
donation of Sander Levin’
s papers.

MIKE SMITH CONTRIBUTING WRITER

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it
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college
llege
college
colle
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colleg
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college
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term
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term
term
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december
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right
right
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gh
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2017
201
2017
2017
7
201
20
201
2017

important
mportant
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mpor
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imp
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top
op
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top
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to
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86-year-old
86-year-old
d
86-year-ol
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6 year-old
year-old
year-old
ol
ld
86 year-old
r-old
year-ol
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86 year-old
86-year-old
6-yea
ea
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86-year
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86-year-o
6-year-o
6-year-ol
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86-year o
86-y
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86-y a
yea
86 y

jn
jn
jn
jn
jn
jn
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l
will
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lifetime
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elebr te
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pamela
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co
connect
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connect
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medicare
medicare
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th
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well
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leaders
leaders
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ording
d
ccording
according
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sage
passage
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pa
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sunday
day
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sunday
da
a
nda
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unday
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d
unda
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y
sunday
su
un
nd
da
ay
su
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nd
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sunday
nd
day
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nday
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sun
und
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sunday
sunday
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sun
und
sund
day
da
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su
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e establish
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re-establish
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wit
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h
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wife
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wife
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whi h
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hi
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was
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s
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was
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be
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above
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abo
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ab
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above
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t
oldest
d st
st
t
ol
ld
de
olde
es
st
st
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ol
lde
dest
ol
ld

2018
018
8
018
20
01
018
2018
201
018
8
20
018
018
20

2016
2016
6
2016
20
2016
01
16
2016
20
01
16
16
01
2

usion
onclusion
io
nclusi
conclusio
clusio
clusion
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n
conclusion
conclusion
l s
conclusio
io
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conclusio
lusion
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c us
si
con
onc
s
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co
o

washington
ashing
ashington
gt
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shingto
washingto
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on
shington
washington
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ton
on
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hing
in
n
shing
gt
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o
washington
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in
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ashingt
gt
washing
was
sh
hi
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wa
as
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released
l ase
ased
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leas
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se
se
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released
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ase
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se
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our
our
ou
our
ur
r
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hopes
opes
s
hop
hopes
p
opes
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hop
pe
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op
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hop
hop

continued
tinued
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ntinued
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tinued
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ontin
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ti
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champion
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champion
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p
mpi
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on
hampion
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cha
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ham
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ha
a
p
ch

country’s
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country
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country
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cou
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andy
andy
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and
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nnounced
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stacy
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s

that
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sand
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and
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d
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al
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utomo
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tom
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want
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s
announces
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promot
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5-y
5-year
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ar
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ye
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35-yea
35-yea
a
35-year
ear
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35-year
35-ye
35 ye
y

proof
of
proof
proof
of
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pr
proo
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pro
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proof
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of
proof
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p
lakes
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ak
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lakes
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congress
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industry
dustr
dustry
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dust
st
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in
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g
page
e
page
pa
pa
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pag
ge
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pag
age
e
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pa
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p g

ford
d
ford
d
ord
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d
ford
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fo
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wh
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er
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h
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where
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tiv
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medi
media
d
medi
edi
media
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ia
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me
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me
edia
di
ia
a
med
di
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panel
panel
el
panel
pan
nel
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pan
pa
an
ne
e
pane
el
pa
panel
an
pan
ne
el
pa
pa
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regarding
d
egardin
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regard
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regar
ard
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ga
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re
ega
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eg

s
d
said
id
d
aid
id
d
sa
aid
d
sa
a
said

r

expanding
expandi
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joining
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in
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ning
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jo
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university
ersit
niversit
university
university
sity
university
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t
university
y
niv
universi
rsity
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niversit
ty
niversi
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univer
y
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v
nive
n

strengthening
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g
h
gthenin
n
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strength
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s re
re
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l
people
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people
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people
people
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p

is
s
is
is
s
is
is
is

is
is
is
is

end

i

is
s

i

policy
olicy
pol
polic
olicy
pol
licy
ic
polic
olicy
y
policy
po
ol
li
policy
cy
polic
po
oli
l
polic
c
po
ol
li

statement
n
statement
t
ent
e
stateme
atement
n
statement
te
statem
t tem
m
statem
me
en
emen
nt
t
t
stat
tem
em
me
e
ateme
en
sta
at
te
te
em
sta
st
tate

contributing
contributing
contributing
contributing
buting
ontributi
ontributin
n
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ntribu
ontributing
ontributing
ntributing
n
buting
r
ontribu
contribut
ributin
ontributin
ng
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ntr b
in
n
on
contri ut
on
contrib
tr
c

bailout
bailout
t
ut
bailout
ailo
ilout
bailo
out
bail
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ba
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cente
center
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nter
cente
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stead
instead
ste
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stead
i stead
nste
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ins
st
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t
ote
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wrote
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wrote
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wr
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wrote
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ro
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lef
f
eft
left
left
ft
t
lef
f
eft
left
t
le t

35
5
35
35
5
35
5
35

mmittee
mittee
om
itt
committee
mmitte
mmittee
e
committee
ommittee
it
it
tt
te
mitte
ee
mmittee
omm
mitte
mmitt
itte
ommitte
ee
ee
ommittee
committee
mm
om
m
comm
mi
it
co
c

healthcar
healthcare
healthcar
healthcare
ealthca
althcare
car
healthcar
re
are
thcare
ealth
heal
l
ealth
ealth
ealthcare
are
healt
thca
a
hea
a
hea
alth a
hea th
h

healthcare
e
hcare
healthcare
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thca
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re
e
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healthcar
hc
ealthca
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healthca
healthcare
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ealthcare
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ea
heal hc
althca
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althcar
ealthcare
lthcare
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hc
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healthcare
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h alth
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lt c
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lt
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om
m
from
from
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m
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ro
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from
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from
fr
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ws
ews
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ws
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directly
rect
directly
directly
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directly
ly
y
directly
d rectly
ec
ct
ctly
y
direc
dire
dir
re
ec
ctly
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dir
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tl
directly
dir
r

presidency
ncy
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presidency
presidency
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d
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n
presidenc
denc
cy
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esidency
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den
de
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den
pr
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re
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ide
y
pre id
pr
p

sandy’s
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dy
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sa
sa
and
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sa
a dy
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sa
an
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levin
in
in
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in
n
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in
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e

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lev
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levin
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levin
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levin
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levin
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ev
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levin
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in
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vin
n
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michigan
michigan
higan
michi
hi
michig
ga
michiga
michigan
n
mich
michigan
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gan
m ch
chigan
michiga
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michigan
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michiga
mic
chig
mi
mi
g
m

michigan
h
michiga
higa
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igan
n
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h g
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ga
a
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michigan
n
michig
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m hi
ig
ga
ga
an
michigan
mic
chi
h
michiga
chiga
mic
ch
michig
mi

michigan
michigan
michigan
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h
michig
ga
an
michigan
n
michig
ch
michig
hig
ig
michig
ga
an
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m chiga
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ig
g
chiga
an
michi
m ch
h
mich g

michigan
michigan
michigan
i
michigan
a
michigan
michigan
michigan
higan
gan
michiga
chigan
h ga
an
michig
m chig
gan
mic
chi
ig
g
mic
c

utomotive
i
motiv
automotive
e
automotive
tive
v
automotiv
utomotive
utomotive
m
autom
utom
m
tomot
automoti
iv
otiv
v
utomot
motiv
u om
autom
mo
auto
t
a

health
h
alth
health
health
hea
health
lt
th
hea
h alt
a
hea
alth
alth
ea
al
lt
th
he
ea
a

years
ears
y ar
ars
s
ye
years
ye
ea
ar
ars
s
years
ye
ears
year
yea

years
years
ear
ar
ear
rs
years
year
ear
ears
ars
s
yea
ye
ears
ea
a s
ye
ye
y

d
trade
trade
ad
trad
ad
t ade
e
trad
ad
ad
de
e
tr
ra
ad
ad
trad
de
de
e
trade
tr
ra
a

ns
ns
means
a
means
an
ns
mea
eans
means
me
ean
me

in
in
n
in
n
in
in
n
in
in
in
in
n
in
n
in
in
n
i

in
n
in
in
in
in
i

in
n
in
n
in
n
in
n
i

in
in
in
n
in
in
n

in
in
in
n
in
n
in
i

in
in
n
in
n
in
in
in
i

in
in
n
in
n
in
n
in

in
in
n
in
n
in
in
i

in
n
in
in
n
in
n
in

d-royal
al
l
a
d-royal
al
o
d
ya
yal
l
d r ya
ya
al
l
d roy
y
d ro
a

re
e
ore
o
mo
or
re
more
more
mo
o
mo
or
re
e
mo

thanked
hank d
thanke
ked
anked
anked
nked
nk
thank
anked
ke
ed
ed
d
h nk
nk
than ed
th
thanked
hanke
th
t

hope
hop
hope
e
hop
op
pe
pe
e
hop
ho
ope
pe
hop
op
pe
hop

86
86
6
86
6
86
6
86
6
8

school
ol
schoo
schoo
ol
sch
sch
ch
ho
scho
oo
ol
school
chool
ch
ho
oo
ol
scho
cho
sc
c

also
al
ls
so
o
al
ls
so
o
so
also
ls
so
al

also
o
l
also
o
also
also
ls
so
so
o
als
als

re-electio
re-elec
re-electio
re-electio
electio
io
re-electio
ctio
re-elect
t
ectio
electio
io
re-electio
le
e-elec
c
electio
electio
ti
ti
ti
re-electio
re-electio
elec
re elec
-electi
re electio
o
ele
e-ele ti
io
re-e
el
l
e-ele
ec
re electio
o
re-ele
le
ec
ec
re
re
lec
e e
re
e
n
ction
re-election
re election
re-election
re election
re-electio
election
ection
re-elect
tio
io
re-election
re election
n
le t o
ion
election
re el
e ele t
electi
r
e
re
e

l
federal
era
federal
deral
federal
eder
de
fede
er
ra
al
fe
fe
fed
de
er
ra
al
fe
ed
de
fe
ed
d

MIKE SMITH

ABOVE:
Sander Levin
and Malgorzata
Myc, head of
reference at
the Bentley
library, who
works directly
with Levin as he
uses his papers.

school
chool
schoo
schoo
sch
ho
schoo
sc
ch
ho
hool
sc
cho
hoo
ol
ol
l
schoo
sc
ch
hool
ol
ool

library
library
library
library
ib
brary
ry
ibra
ibrary
brary
b
ibrary
bra
brary
ra
ar
library
brar
brary
ary
ibrary
br
rary
rar
ry
ary

senator
senator
senat
enato
nato
n
sena
senator
se
enat
enat
tor
senator
a
senator
na
ator
nator
a or

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park p
park,
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asant
san
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regional
region
regional
egion
regional
o
regional
re
egiona
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regiona
reg
reg
egio
egi
gi
io
egional
regio
re
eg
eg
giona
ona
re
egiona
ona
gion
on
egiona
na
na

vote
vote
vote
vote
ote
vote
e
ote
vote
e
vote
vot
te
vote
vo
vot
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vote
vote
vote
ote
vo e
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vote
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vote
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vo
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vote
ote
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vote
vote
vote
vote
vote
vote
vote
vot
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vote
vote
vote
vote
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vote
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vote
vot
vot
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vote
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1st
1st
1st
1st
st
st
s
1st
st
st
st
1st
st
st
st
st
st
st
st
st
t
st
st
st
st
st
st
st
t
st
1s
st
1st
st
st
t

brith
brith
rith
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b
h
rit
bri
br
ri
i
brit
th
h
br
rith
it
th
h
th
br
rith
h
th
h
al
l
al
l
al
al
al
l
al
l
a

party
party
part
part
party
pa
arty
ty
party
pa
part
pa
a
part
ty
ty
par
rt
rty
ty
y
arty
a ty
ty
y
ty
y

berkley
berkl
berkley
berkl
berkley
rkle
be
berkley
erkley
kley
berkley
erkl
be
erkley
rkle
berkle
erkley
rk
kle
kle
ey
y
be
ber
rkle
ey
y
e k ey
y

berkley
berkley
berkley
berkley
berkley
berkley
berkley
berk
erk
erkle
berkl
berk
berkley
berkley
berkley
berkley
berkley
erk
rkley
berkley
rkl
berkley
berk
berkle
berkley
erk
erkley
erkley
erkley
rkle
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rk
rk
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kl
le
kley
berkley
berkley
berkley
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berkle
rkle
rk
rkle
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be
erkle
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rkley
y
berkley
rk ey
be
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erkley
berk
erkley
erkle
ley
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rkle
ey
ey
ey
y

of
of
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of
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of
of
of
of
of
f
of

lifelong
life
lifelon
lifelon
lifelong
li
if
fe
felong
lifelo
felon
e o
li
if
felong
elong
elong
ong
on
li
if
felo
fe
elong
on
ng
g
elon
lon
on
ng
g
ng

4

mem
membe
member
member
member
member
mem
member
mbe
mem
me
member
m
ember
be
membe
membe
member
member
embe
ember
m
embe
e
mbe
member
mem e
ember
ber
be

membe
member
mb
member
mem
e
mem
memb
me
mem
em
mb
m
membe
memb
membe
em
mbe
be
membe
mem
mb
mbe
emb
mb
b

scho
scho
scho
cho
scho
sch
sch
ch
scho
ho
h
scho
scho
sc
ch
ho
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scho
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sc
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cho
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h
cho
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scho
ch
c
scho
ho
ho
ho
hools,
ols,
ols,
ols,
ols,
ols,
ols
ols,
ols
ols
ols
ols
ols
ols,
ols,
ol
ols
ol
ols
ols,
ols,
ols,
ols
ols
ols,
ols,
ols,
ols
ols,
ols
ols,
ols,
l
ol
ols
ols,
ols
ls
s,
ols
ols
ols
ols
s
ols
ols
ols,
o s,
s,
,
o s,
s,i0ur
ur
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f

le
le
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le
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le
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e
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le
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le
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levi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
i
vi
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vi
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vi
vi
vi
vi
vi
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vi
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vi
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vote
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vote
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vot
vote
t
vo
vot
vo
ote
t
vo
ot
te
ot
te
ot
vot
vot
ot
ote
vo
ote

education
education
education
ed cat
edu
i
ducation
d
education
uca
ducati
duca
duca
ucation
ucat
ducation
ati
cat
ducatio
du
ducatio
ation
ti
educatio
ducatio
cati
atio
tion
ucatio
cation
at
tion
ion
libra
b
libra
b
in
in
in
n
in
i

n
in
in
n
in
in
in
n
in
in
in
in
in
in
n
in
in
in
l

in
in
in
in
n

here
here
here
here
here
here
here
he
here
here
ere
er
her
he
he
her
ere
he
ere
re
e
here
ere
re
here
e
ere

isory
advisory
dvisory
dvisory
dvisor
s
vi
visory
viso
ad
adviso
viso
adv
advisory
adv
dv
visory
advis
advis
dvisory
dv
v
dvisory
is
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v so
ory
or
d isory
ory
ry
y
ith
th
h
t
ith
h
t

citi
cit
citi
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zens
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antidefamatio
antidefamatio
antidefama
antidefamat
antidefamat
ntidefama
ntidefamatio
antid
antidefamati
ntidefa
ntidefamatio
tidefamatio
ti
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ntid
nt
ti
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d famati
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ntidefamati
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ti
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defa
de
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ntidefamatio
ti
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def
defamat
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matio
at
defamatio
amat
mat o
amatio
m
o
e
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m
on
ory
or

universialo
i
univer
universi
iver
uni
univers
niversial
niversi l
iversialoa
versi l
rsialoa
sialo
universialoa
univ
universialo
niversial
niversialoa
niv
versialoa
versialoa
ve
er
rsialoa
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alo
niversialoa
iversialo
er
rsial
sia
aloa

gets
gets
gets
t
ge
gets
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gets
gets
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ts
gets
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gets
gets
get
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gets
gets
gets
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gets
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ts
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gets
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board
board
board
oa
board
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boa
oa
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boar
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d
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d
board
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board
board
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board
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board
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boa
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d
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oak
oak
oak
oak
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oak
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ak
k
oak
oak
oak
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oak
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k
oa
ak
k
oak

ierndale
ierndale
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ernd
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rnd
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ak

chicago
chicago
chicago
ch
h
chicago
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chic
chicag
ch
chic
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chicago
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hicag
icag
ica
cag
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cago
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ic
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go
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healt
hea
healt
health
health
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l h
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health
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lt
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esident
resident
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ve
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1

publ
publ
publ
publ
publ
publ
publ
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pub
pub
pub
publ
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bl
publ
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ub ic
ic
ic
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c
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democ
democ
democ
democ
dem
demo
democ
democ
demo
democ
democ
democ
democ
democ
democ
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demo
democ
democ
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m
demo
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democ
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tic

subu
sub
subu
subu
subu
subu
subu
sub
subu
subu
su
subu
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subu
subu
subu
subu
sub
sub
sub
subu
bu
subu
subu
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subu
subu
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rbs
rbs
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b
rbs
rbs
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rb
rbs
rbs
rbs
rbs
rb
rbs
b
rbs
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b
rbs
bs
rbs
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bs
bs
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bs
bs
bs
bs
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bs
bs
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b
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s
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b'n
b'na
b'na
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b'nai
'
b'na
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a
b n
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ai
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e o
i

serv
serv
serv
serv
serv
serv
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serv
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er
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is
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is
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s
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michigan
michigan
michiga
mich
michigan
mic
michigan
michiga
michig
mic
ich
ch
ch
ch
hi
michiga
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michi a
michig
michiga
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ig
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membe
member
membe
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me
mem
mem
mem
mb
mb
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me
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m
me

michig
michig
michigan
michigan
ichig
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michigan
mic
ich
michig
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michigan
m h
michi
i
mic
mich
michigan
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michigan
michig
chigan
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hig
ga
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n
mi
ichigan
ga
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ga
an

sept
sep
sept
sept
sept
sept
t
e
sept
sept
ep
sep
pt
ept
sept
ept
ept
sept
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e t
sept
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sep
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sept
sep
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s p
sept
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sep
sep
pt
pt
t
ept
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sep
pt
sept
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t
pt
p

oakla
oaklan
oa
oakland
kland
oakland
oa
oakland
oakla d
aklan
ak
kl n
oakla
ak
k
akl
kla
akla
and
nd
oakland
ak
kl
land
aklan
la
and
a d

oakland
oaklan
oakland
nd
oakland
akland
oak
oakla
oakla d
oa
oakla
oaklan
oaklan
ak
oakland
klan
and
kla
a
oakland
oakland
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la
a
aklan
nd
oa
aklan
k and
nd
d
a and
nd

who
who
who
who
who
who
who
h
who
who
who
who
who
who
wh
who
h
who
ho
wh
ho
who
who
who
who
ho
who
ho
who
who
wh
who
who
who
wh
h
who
ho
who
who
w o
who
o
who
w o
who
ho

township
township
towns
townshi
ownship
ow
ownship
ownship
township
township
township
owns
ownsh
ownship
ownsh
ownship
wnship
tow
ownsh
ownship
ownship
ownship
ownship
wnship
wnship
wnship
wnship
own
ownsh
ownshi
ownshi
w
own
wnsh
w
towns
wnship
wnship
wnsh
nship
ownsh
shi
ownshi
ownship
wnshi
ownship
wns
ns
wn
n
wnsh
nsh
ownship
owns
wns
wnship
nshi
i
ship
ownship
wnship
nshi
sh
sh
ship
ownsh
wn
ownshi
ownship
ship
p
owns
ownship
p
township
ow
wn
n h
n
p
hi

order
order
ord
orde
order
order
or
orde
order
order
order
rder
order
ord
ord
order
order
r
order
rder
rder
rder
rder
d
order
order
order
or
order
rd
d
rde
orde
rde
order
orde
rd
ord
der
der
orde
er
de
de
er
ord
der
orde
der
ord r
order
der
er

done
done
done
done
on
done
done
done
done
done
don
done
done
don
done
done
done
done
done
done
done
done
one
done
o
done
done
do
don
n
one
do
don
done
don
done
on
done
e
one
one
don
do
one
don
don
one
n
done
don
one
ne
do
don
don
d n
d ne
on
one

activities
activities
activiti
ctivities
ctivities
activities
ctivitie
tivities
ivi
tivities
viti
vities
activiti
ac
ctiviti
ct
ct
ti
ivities
vities
ti
t
tiviti
ac
ctivities
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tiv
vit es
s
ctiviti
iv
vi ies
vities
s
ties

acti
acti
acti
acti
acti
act
ac
acti
act
act
acti
acti
cti
ti
t
cti
ti
i
ac
act
ct
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act
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ac
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ac i
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act
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cti
ction
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on
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on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
on
n
on
on
on
on
on
on
on

columbia
columbia
olum
columbia
olum
olumb
olumb
l
olu
umbia
mbia
olum i
co
ol
olum
lumb
columbia
mb
olumb
lumb
bi
olumbia
um
mb
umbia
lumbia
mbia
a
bia
ridge
ridge
ridge
ridge
dg
ridg
ridge
ridge
ridg
idge
ridg
ridge
ridg
i
rid
ridg
d
ridg
ridg
ridge
ridge
id
ridg
idg
dg
d
ridg
g
idge
ri
ridg
dg
dg
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idge
d
ridge
dg
dg
ridg
ridg
ridg
dg
id
ridg
dge
ge
ge

distri
distri
distr
distri
distri
dist
distr
dis
distri
i
distri
distri
distri
distri
di t
distr
istr
dis
distr
stri
dist
distri
dis
distri
distr
i
distri
st
st
t
dist
t
distr
distri
istri
distri
dis
st
distri
t
str
distri
distri
distri
di tri
distr
r
distri
istr
ri
distr
dis
str
istr
di
r
dis
d st i
stri
s ri
st
t ct
ct
ct
ct
t
ct
ct
ct
t
ct
ct
ct
ct
ct
ct
t
ct
ct
ct
ct
ct
ct
ct
ct
ct

chairman
a
chairman
chairma
chairma
hairman
hair
n
hairm
m
chairman
chairman
hairm
hairm
irm
chairma
hairm
ai
hairma
ir
rm
man
man
chair
ha
airman
ir
rma
man
a
rman
man

tues
tues
tue
tues
tues
tues
tues
es
u
tues
ue
ues
tu
tues
tues
tues
tues
ue
ues
ues
ues
ues
ue
ues
tues
ue
tues
tue
e
ue
ue
ue
es
s
tues
s
ues
tue
tues
tues
es
s
tu s
ues
ues
es
es
es

attorney
attorney
at
attorney
at
attorne
ttorney
ttorney
ttorne
tto
torne
attorne
attorney
ttorney
tt
to
or
orne
attorn
n
at
ttorne
tt
torney
rney
n y
tor
to
orney
y
ney

frie
frie
f i
friend
riends
friend
rie
i
d
friend
fr
frie
ri
d
friends
d
nd
d
friend
frien
friends
rien
riends
en
en
nd
d
fr en
nd
ds
ds
ds
s
ds
s

senat
senat
sena
sen
senat
en t
senat
se
enat
senat
en
enat
senat
na
na
senat
sena
se
se
enat
en
nat
senat
na
senat
sena
sen
senat
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e
senat
n
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sen
senat
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n
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a
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at
t
a
sena
en
senat
en
sen t
senat
enat
s n t
ena
enat
nat
atoria
orial
orial
orial
orial
orial
orial
orial
or
orial
orial
i
oria
ia
orial
oria
rial
i
oria
orial
oria
ori l
oria
orial
orial
ori l
l
ori
ria
or
rial
ria
orial
oria
a
oria
ia
oria
al
oria
oria
ori
ia
rial
oria
ori
ria
ial
orial
ia
a
rial
ri
ria
ria
ial

law
law
aw
w
law
aw
la
aw
la
aw

law
law
la
law
law
la
aw
aw
la
aw
w
aw
w
la
aw
w
la
aw
w
aw
w

m

3

need
need
nee
need
need
need
need
nee
need
ee
need
need
need
need
need
need
need
nee
need
eed
ee
need
ne
need
need
eed
ee
need
need
need
need
need
ee
need
need
ne
ne
need
eed
d
eed
need
nee
ne
need
eed
ed
ee
e
eed
need
d
nee
eed
need
d
nee
need
e d
e
need
eed
e
eed
need
eed
d

married
marrie
marrie
married
rried
marr
married
arrie
m
r
married
marrie
marri
arr
rrie
rie
married
d
married
marr
mar
r ie
ed
d
ried
arr
rrie
rie
m
ed
d
r
d

sta
sta
sta
state
tat
at
te
t
sta
state
tate
te
a
stat
t
state
e
te
e
ate
a e

for
for
fo
fo
for
for
or
for
fo
for
for
for
for
for
fo
or
for
for
for
fo
fo
fo
or
fo
or
or
for
fo
for
or
or
or
fo
for
for
for
or
or
for
o
for
r
fo
or
fo
or
or
or

for
r
for
r
o
fo
o
fo
f

county
county
county
unty
county
co
ou
o
co
ounty
ounty
county
co
ou
un
nty
unt
ty
co
ou
u
ount
ty
ty
y
ount
ty
y
nt
ty
y
county
ounty
county
ounty
ou
o
count
oun
o
county
ounty
county
ounty
ounty
ounty
un
unt
ounty
oun
ounty
unty
unty
co
oun
ounty
ounty
unty
sander
ander
an
ander
ander
nd
nde
nde
nde
nd
ander
ander
sander
and
and
nd
san
and
nd
nder
sander
ande
an
and
nder
nder
nder
de
der
and
ande
ande
nder
d
nder
sa
ande
de
e
ande
nd r
der
ande
e
n

sande
sander
d
sand
and
and
nd
nde
ander
a
san
sa
a
sa
an
sander
de
de
de
sander
nde
e
ande
er
er
de

sander
sa
s
d
sander
sander
sander
sander
sander
d
sander
sander
sander
and
sander
sande
s nd
nd
nde
and
sande
de
sander
sande
sander
sa
a
sand
and
sand
sander
nde
der
d
sa
sander
and
ande
d
ander
sand
sand
an
nder
nd
ander
der
sa
sand
n e
sander
sande
sand
nder
a de
nder
er
er

nta
men
me
mental
ment
mental
ment
men
menta
me
en
ent
enta
en a
me
me
ental
me
e
me
ent
en
nt
ta
a
menta
nta
ta
nta

active
acti
active
active
ctive
active
ac
ac
ct
ctive
ti
i e
active
ac
ct
tive
tive
ti
iv
ve
e
ac
ct
tiv
ve
ct
tiv
ve
e

sp
resp
resp
resp
re
res
resp
es
resp
resp
resp
resp
e
resp
resp
re
resp
esp
resp
resp
resp
e
resp
resp
resp
resp
re
esp
e
resp
resp
resp
e
resp
s
es
resp
esp
resp
resp
re
esp
resp
sp
s
resp
resp
esp
esp
p
esp
esp
resp
sp
resp
resp
p
resp
resp
resp
es
s
esp
p
res
sp
s
e ponsi
onsi
onsi
onsi
onsi
onsi
onsi
nsi
onsi
nsi
ons
onsi
onsi
nsi
nsi
onsi
onsi
ons
ons
on
onsi
ons
nsi
onsi
onsi
onsi
ons
onsi
onsi
onsi
si
onsi
onsi
on
ons
ons
n
onsi
ns
ons
s
nsi
onsi
onsi
onsi
ons
ons
onsi
nsi
ons
ons
ons
onsi
si
ons
nsi
nsi
ns
nsi
sible
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
bl
ble
ble
bl
ble
bl
ble
l
bl
bl
ble
bl
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
l
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
ble
e
ble
ble
ble
e
ble
ble
le
bl
bl
le
e
b e
tale
tale
tale
tale
tale
tale
tale
ale
ta
tale
tale
l
tale
tale
tale
tale
ale
ale
le
tale
tale
tale
ale
ale
ale
ale
ale
ale
al
le
tal
ale
ale
l
al
tale
tale
a
tale
l
tale
le
tale
ale
a
ta e
ta
tale
a e
l
a ented
nted
nted
nted
nted
nt
nted
nted
nted
nted
nted
nted
nted
nted
nted
nted
nted
nted
nted
nte
nted
nt
nted
ted
ted
nted
nt
nted
nte
nte
nted
nte
ted
nted
nted
nted
nted
t
nted
te
ted
nted
nte
nted
d
nte
nted
nted
nted
e
n ed
nted
d
nted
te
ed
n e
n ed
d
ed

graduate
graduate
graduate
graduate
graduat
graduate
gr
gradua
graduate
gr
gr
radu
raduate
ad
grad
grad
graduate
gradua
ra
ra
adua
gradua
dua
uate
te
gradu
gra
adua
d
adu
graduate
ua
ua
ate
te
ra
aduate
uate
at
t
g
ua
ate
g

and
an
and
and
nd
and
and
an
nd

and
an
and
and
d
an
nd
an
nd
nd
d
a

supervisor
pervisor
pervisor
upervisor
perv
rv
uperviso
perviso
i
pervi
perv
uperviso
uperviso
v
uperv
perviso
perviso
perv
pe
erv
viso
viso
perviso
perviso
perviso
ervi
perviso
o
p
viso
v so
o
p
so
ors
levin
evi
evin
levin
levin
ev
evin
evin
evin
vin
levin
evin
evin
evin
evin
evin
evin
i
evi
evin
e i
vin
evin
vin
vin
evi
evin
i
vin
evin
ev
v n
ev n
evin
vin
su
su

l
i
levin
evin
ev
lev
lev
ev
levi
levi
levin
ev
ev
ev
lev
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i
lev
v
ev
vin
lev
ev
vin
vin

lev
ev
lev
lev
lev
ev
ev
lev
lev
ev
lev
le
le
ev
lev
ev
ev
lev
ev
v
lev
lev
v
ev
ev
ev
lev
ev
ev
ev
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le
ev
ev
v
lev
ev
ev
v
ev
v
ev
ev
v
ev
v
ev
ev
lev
ev
ev
v
evin
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
n
in
in
in
n
in
in
n
in
in
n
in
in
in
in

a

a

a

league
eagu
eague
eag
agu
eague
eague
eague
eag
agu
ague
agu
ue
eague
ag
gu
ue
ue
eague
ag
agu
ue
gu
ue

suburban
suburban
uburb
u
suburban
uburba
ubu
suburban
b
subur
ubu
burban
burban
burba
burba
subu
uburba
uburban
burba
u
subu
burban
rban
b
uburb
uburba
urba
rb
ba
uburb
bu
urb
ban
ban
45t
45th
45th
45
45th
45th
45th
45t
5t
5
45t
t
45th
45th
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5th
45th
h
45t
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h
45
5 h
5th
45
45th
h
45th
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th
h
royal
roya
roya
oya
roya
royal
oya
ro
royal
oyal
roya
oyal
o
roya
y
oy
royal
royal
al
roy
oya
ya
y
oy
y
oyal
ro
roya
roya
roya
y
oya
ya
a
ya
royal
l
oya
oyal
oy
royal
yal
oyal
y
oy
ya
al
roy
oy
ya
a
oyal
oya
al
y l

mad
madison
madi
madison
mad
madison
madiso
d
mad
di
dison
adi
madi
madison
madiso
madi
madison
madison
madi
mad
adi
dison
madison
diso
adi
di
madison
madison
madison
on
mad
madiso
madison
ma i
mad
madi
adis
ad
a iso
madiso
is
is
diso
dison
diso
mad o
d on

huntingt
huntingt
huntingt
huntingt
huntingt
huntingt
huntingt
hu
hu ti
untingt
huntingt
huntingt
hunting
huntingt
hu
untingt
nt
ntin
ntingt
tingt
ti
huntingt
hu
huntingt
huntingt
un
huntingt
huntingt
hunt
unting
hunting
i
nting
huntingt
huntin
huntingt
ntin
huntingt
ti
hunting
ing
hunting
ntingt
huntin
untingt
huntin
n
untingt
huntingt
hu
untingt
untin
ntin
ngt
huntingt
tin t
huntingt
nting
g
unting
ti
ingt
gton
on
on
on
on
n
on
on
on
n
on
on
on
on
on
on
n
on
on
on
on

e
experience
experience
xperienc
experienced
xperienced
experienced
expe
expe
xperienc
xperience
xperience
ienced
e
xperienced
r
expe
ex
xperie
xpe
xperie
experience
xpe
p
experienced
erienced
rienc d
exper
expe
perience
erien
en
xperienced
xperience
experie
perienced
rie
enc
enc d
xp
per
nced
e ced

democratic
democrati
demo
democratic
emocr
mocra
mocratic
democrat
democrati
emo
emocratic
emocrat
democratic
democ
democrati
democra
democ
demo
emo
emocrat
mocrat
o
emocrat
emocr
mocr
ocra
ati
ocrati
at
tic
at c

democratic
mocrat
mocrat
o
democra
emocratic
e
democratic
emocratic
democ
dem
democr
e
democra
emoc
moc
democrati
demo
em
mocratic
cratic
ti
democr
emocratic
mocrat
mocra
oc
crati
rati
at
emocratic
mo
ocrat
cr
rat
ratic
ocratic
atic

harv ar
v
d
harv ard
harv
d
harv a
harv
harv
d
v
harv
a
harv ard
arv ard
rv
v
harv.ard
d
harv.ard
harv ar
a
harv.ard
arv
v ard
ar
rd
d
ar
rd
d
arv.ard
.a

man
man
man
ma
man
man
a
man
ma
man
man
ma
man
man
ma
ma
man
man
an
a
man
man
an
man
man
ma
man
man
man
man
man
man
man
man
man
an

1964
1 6
9
196
96
6
1964
64
4
1964
96
64
64
1964
96
64
4
196
964

city
city
city
city
ty
city
y
city
city
c ty
y
city
city
cit
t
ity
city
city
city
city
ci
city
city
ty
ty
city
ty
ty
ty
y
city
city
city
ty
ty
y
city
y
city
it
c ty
y
c ty
cit
c ty
ty

t
gt
gt
t
g on
on
on
on
on
on

heigh
heights
h i
heights
heigh
heights
heig
heigh
heigh
height
heigh
height
ights
e
heigh
height
heights
heigh
height
eig
heigh
eights
heigh
eigh
i
height
gh
eig
height
height
heights
eight
e
heights
eig
heigh
heigh
h
height
ht
heig
he
e
height
gh
ht
heigh
heig
heights
eight
eights
ig
ght
height
heigh
e
heights
i
eigh
he ght
h
ght
heigh
gh
ght
t
ei h
g
s
hts

at
at
t
at
at
t
at
at
at
at

aose-up
aose-up
aos
aose-up
aose-up
aose-up
ose-up
ao
aose-up
os
os
se-up
s
aose-up
e-u
ose-up
ose-up
ose-up
ao
aose up
ose-u
ose up
se
se-up
aose
se-up
u
se-up
aose-up
ose-up
ose-
os
se up
se
aose-up
ose-up
e-up
up
p
aose-up
ose-up
ose
se
e-up
e
se-
ose-up
se-up
p
aose
ose-
e- p
up
p
se
p
up

southr
southr
southr
southr
southr
outhr
southr
southr
southr
uthr
uth
southr
h
southr
southr
southr
southr
outh
outh
outhr
uthr
south
uth
southr
southr
uth
southr
south
uthr
h
uth
hr
h
sou h
uth
uthr
uthr
southr
uthr
u h
thr
southr
r
s u
south
hr
r
hr
r
hr
hr
hreld
eld
eld
el
eld
eld
eld
eld
eld
eld
eld
l
eld
eld
eld
eld
eld
l
eld
eld
el
eld
d
eld
eld
ld
eld
d
eld
eld
eld
d
eld
d
eld
e d
eld

to
to
o
to
o
to
to
to
t

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
o
to
to
to
to
to
to
o
to
to
to
o
to
to
to
o
to
to
i

our
our
our
ur
our
our
ou
our
our
u
ou
ou
ur
u
our
ou
our
ou
ou
ur
u
our
r
our
our
ou
our
ou
ur
ur
our
r
ou
u
ou
ur
ou
our
ur
our
our
r
our
our
our
our
ur
ou
our
our
our
our
u
our
ou
ou
ou
ou
ou
ur
our
ur
r
our
ur
ur
r
our
ou
ou
ou
ur
our
ou
our
o r
ur
ur

woods
woo
woods
w
d
woods
woods
wo
wo
oods
woods
wood
woo
wood
woo
wood
ood
woods
od
wo
wood
wo d
oods
woo
wood
woods
o
wood
oods
od
d
woods
woods
woo
oods
o
woods
woo
wood
ood
d
woods
woo s
wood
ods
s
ods
ds
ds
d
y

nationa
nati
na
ational
iona
nati
nationa
tional
nationa
nat
tion
ti
i
tion
tional
o
nation
nationa
nation
na
ational
at
tiona
al
national
tiona
io
on
na
al

lathru
athru
lathru
lathru
athru
athru
thr
lathru
thru
t
lathru
ath
lathr
thr
thru
th
hru
hru
hr
hr
athru
thru
thru
hru
lathru
hru
h
lathru
ru
r
lathru
ru
u
thru
u
thru
hru
thr
lathru
ru
ru
u
th
thru
hr
hr
thru
thru
u
lathru
th
h
thru
l
hru
hru
ru
u
thru
hrup

oods
d
ods
ood
d

par
park
park
park
park
park
park
pa
park
park
park
ark
ar
rk
park
park
par
par
park
pa
ark
ar
park
rk
park
ark
a
pa
ark
rk
ark
par
pa
pa
ark
ark
k
pa
park
k
pa
ark
ark
park
ark

childre
children
hildr
h
child
ch
hi
hildren
children
chil
ldre
d
childre
hild
hildr
ild
ildr
ldre
d
hildren
re
chil
hild
ildren
re
e
hildre
children
ld
dren
re
e
childre
ld
dren
en
n

delegat
delegate
delegate
delegate
delega
delegate
delegate
del
eleg
dele
egate
d l
deleg
deleg
de
el
le
ega
de
elega
eleg
leg
legate
a
elegat
t
deleg
delegat
el
lega
at
te
e
gat
te
e
g te
e

aze
hazel
haz
hazel
ha
ha
aze
haz
haz
haz
hazel
aze
az
aze
haze
e
hazel
ze
zel
haz
haze
aze
az
z
haze
ha
haze
az
haze
haze
ze
haze
e
ze

Jews in the D

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