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Expert explains rise of new European
anti-Americanism and anti-Semitism.
FOR
Pamela Young
Special to the Jewish News
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A
new and surprising convergence
of anti-Americanism and anti-
Semitism is on the rise, and
Russell Berman, an expert on cultural
relations between Europe and the United
States, says the ramifications are serious.
Berman spoke before a packed audito-
rium at Eastern Michigan University Sept.
9 to kick off the first in a series of guest
speakers sponsored by
EMU's Jewish Studies
program.
Berman is the Walter
A. Haas Professor in
the Humanities at
Stanford University
le
and an expert in
German literature
Russell
and culture. He also
Berman
holds appointments in
Stanford's Departments
of Comparative Literature and German
Studies and is a senior fellow at the
Hoover Institution.
The dislike of Americans and Jews is
gaining considerable momentum on the
European continent, said Berman, as
are efforts by the European radical right
and left to engage in conspiracy theories
involving the United States and Jews.
"There is now a convergence of
European anti-Semitism and anti-
Americanism in Europe Berman said.
"European politicians, like the far right in
France, are looking at the U.S. as a preda-
tor and Jews as capitalists with money.
They propose a counter model for the
European Union, where Europe stretches
from the Atlantic to the Russian Urals,
instead of the current Atlantic alliance of
America to Brussels:'
Jews and European culture are com-
plex, according to Berman.
"There is a 2,000-year history of Jews
in Europe dating back to the Roman
Empire Berman said. "But there is a
sense of discomfort in the Jewish commu-
nities' cultures, and the attacks are begin-
ning to amplify that discomfort. This is
distressing because the Europeans are
perceiving Jews as outsiders and a threat
to national identity"
Recent research by the EU has shown
that, prior to the current upsurge in anti-
Semitism, far-right Jew haters, along with
left wing anti-Americanism supporters,
operated in the deep background.
"It's now a cross pollination of the
Protocols of Zion and anti-imperialism,"
Berman said. "These groups attacked
Muslims until they found the Jews"
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is
an anti-Semitic book forged in Russia in
1903. The book, which describes a Jewish
plan for global domination, was dissemi-
nated internationally in the early 1900s.
It continues to surface in various anti-
Semitic campaigns.
The relationship shared by anti-Semi-
tism and anti-Americanism is less known,
but it also is complex with multiple com-
ponents, Berman said.
"I'm not claiming all Europeans are
anti-Semitic and anti-American, but
Jewish men with kippahs may experience
Berman said, referring to attacks on
readily identifiable Jews in England and
France.
Berman is a well-known critic of the
Boycott, Divest, Sanction (BDS) move-
ment to delegitimize Israel and boycott
Israeli academics. A former president
of the Modern Language Association
(MLA), he and his colleagues were instru-
mental in getting the MLA membership
to reject a bid for a boycott previously
pushed for by some of its members.
Trends To Watch
Berman touched on other trends:
• The use of an "anti" term and when
that use is appropriate. Extremism must
not be ignored, but charges of anti-Amer-
icanism and anti-Semitism can silence
legitimate criticism. We must be wary of
prohibiting terms that can lead to polar-
ization, he said.
• Anti-Semitism differs in each country,
such as in the number and types of far
right groups in countries like Greece and
Hungary
• Great Britain's Jeremy Corbyn, head
of the Labor Party, belongs to the group
Culture Clashes on page 30
28
September 24 • 2015