Sp:k ' -'- uality
HOLIDAY 101
Purim At A Glance from page 29
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• Ceremonies and rituals: The
main event of Purim is the public
reading of Megillat Ester, the Book
of Esther (or Scroll of Esther),
commonly known as the Megillah
(which in Hebrew means "scroll").
In the synagogue, during evening
and morning services, the Megillah
is chanted according to a tradi-
tional intonation.
The day before Purim is Ta'anit
Ester, the Fast of Esther. This year,
Purim begins immediately after
Shabbat, and we do not fast on
Shabbat itself. Instead, the fast day
is shifted to the Thursday before
the holiday, Feb. 25. (We also do
not fast on Friday because it is too
much of a hardship to prepare for
Shabbat.) The fast begins in the
morning (6:03 a.m. Detroit time)
and ends at sundown (6:46 p.m.).
Usually, synagogues hold the
evening service (Maariv) as
Shabbat ends, but this year, many
congregations will postpone
the service to give worshippers
more time to come and hear the
Megillah of Esther. Some syna-
gogues hold additional readings
after the service. The Megillah
also is read in the synagogue the
next morning (Sunday), during
the Shacharit service. Various
synagogues have further read-
ings later in the morning and even
throughout the day. Some capable
of chanting the Megillah hold
readings in their homes; there are
Megillah readers who visit people
shut in their houses or in hospitals
or non-Jewish nursing homes.
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• How to celebrate: Attend both
evening and morning Megillah read-
ings. Drown out every mention of
Haman's name by booing and hiss-
ing or use any type of noisemaker.
The traditional noisemaker that
spins and makes a clicking noise is
known in Yiddish as a gregger.
One of the main themes of
Purim is that things are not what
they seem: the beautiful Queen
of Persia is actually the Jewish
girl, Hadassah; loyal palace guards
are scheming insurrectionists; the
great conqueror, King Ahaseurus,
is a drunk; the capable administra-
tor, Haman, is a genocidal maniac;
events seem to happen by them-
selves, but all is determined by
God. In accordance with the theme,
children and adults hide their iden-
tity by dressing in costume.
Because the Jews survived the
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30
February 25 • 2010
planned massacre, Purim is also a
festival of joy. Carnivals, humorous
skits, practical jokes and general
silliness are all part of the day.
In addition to Megillah, we
observe three practices based
on passages in the Megillah that
describe what our ancestors did
during the original Purim:
1)Send gifts of food to fellow
Jews. The gifts — known as mish-
loach manot in Hebrew ("sending
portions") or shlachmoness in
Yiddish — consist of at least two
different types of food ready to eat
or that can be enjoyed with mini-
mal preparation.
2) Give money to the poor
— generously, to the best of your
ability. The minimum amount is the
lowest denomination of currency
(one cent), and it must be given
to at least two poor persons. The
rabbis teach that donations to the
poor should form the bulk of our
Purim expense.
3) Eat a festive meal, or seudah.
On Purim, include more wine or
liquor with the meal than usual,
enough to make things lively (but
not to become drunk). Begin the
meal during the daylight hours of
Purim, but if it extends into the
evening when Purim is already
over, that's fine.
• Other rules and regulations:
In the Shemoneh Esrey, or Amidah
(silent, standing) prayer, and
in Birkat HaMazon (grace after
meals), include the prayer of Al
HaNisim. Do not recite the daily
Tachanun (penitential) prayer at
morning and afternoon services.
On Purim, unlike the major holi-
days, all work is permitted: fires
may be kindled, electricity may
be turned on and off, cars may be
driven, money may be handled,
etc.
The day after Purim is Shushan
Purim. The Jews of Shushan,
Persia's capital city, did not gain
their deliverance until the 15th
of Adar (Esther 9:18). Because
Shushan was a walled city, it
became the law that Jews who live
in walled cities or cities walled at
the time of Joshua (who succeed-
ed Moses, about 1400 BCE) cel-
ebrate Purim on the 15th of Adar.
The Old City of Jerusalem is one
such place, but the only walled city
in North America (north of Mexico)
is the Old Town district of Quebec
City, Quebec, Canada.
❑
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February 25, 2010 - Image 30
- Resource type:
- Text
- Publication:
- The Detroit Jewish News, 2010-02-25
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